1
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Strohmaier-Nguyen D, Horn C, Baeumner AJ. NT-proBNP detection with a one-step magnetic lateral flow channel assay. Anal Bioanal Chem 2024:10.1007/s00216-024-05223-x. [PMID: 38459191 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-024-05223-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Point-of-care sensors targeting blood marker analysis must be designed to function with very small volumes since acquiring a blood sample through a simple, mostly pain-free finger prick dramatically limits the sample size and comforts the patient. Therefore, we explored the potential of converting a conventional lateral flow assay (LFA) for a significant biomarker into a self-contained and compact polymer channel-based LFA to minimize the sample volume while maintaining the analytical merits. Our primary objective was to eliminate the use of sample-absorbing fleece and membrane materials commonly present in LFAs. Simultaneously, we concentrated on developing a ready-to-deploy one-step LFA format, characterized by dried reagents, facilitating automation and precise sample transport through a pump control system. We targeted the detection of the heart failure biomarker NT-proBNP in only 15 µL human whole blood and therefore implemented strategies that ensure highly sensitive detection. The biosensor combines streptavidin-functionalized magnetic beads (MNPs) as a 3D detection zone and fluorescence nanoparticles as signal labels in a sandwich-based immunoassay. Compared to the currently commercialized LFA, our biosensor demonstrates comparable analytical performance with only a tenth of the sample volume. With a detection limit of 43.1 pg∙mL-1 and a mean error of 18% (n ≥ 3), the biosensor offers high sensitivity and accuracy. The integration of all-dried long-term stable reagents further enhances the convenience and stability of the biosensor. This lateral flow channel platform represents a promising advancement in point-of-care diagnostics for heart failure biomarkers, offering a user-friendly and sensitive platform for rapid and reliable testing with low finger-prick blood sample volumes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Strohmaier-Nguyen
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Carina Horn
- Roche Diagnostics GmbH, 68305, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Antje J Baeumner
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany.
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2
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Magnetic quantum dots barcodes using Fe 3O 4/TiO 2 with weak spectral absorption in the visible region for high-sensitivity multiplex detection of tumor markers. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 227:115153. [PMID: 36805273 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic quantum dot (QD) barcode holds great potential for automatic suspension array and rapid point-of-care detection since it enables simultaneous target encoding, enrichment and separation. However, a serious obstacle to enhancing the encoding capacity of magnetic QD microbeads (MBs) is the fluorescence quenching of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) to quantum dots (QDs) in the visible wavelength range due to the broad and strong optical absorption spectrum of MNPs. Here, we report Fe3O4/TiO2 core/shell MNPs and CdSe/ZnS QDs for the construction of dual-function magnetic QD barcodes. Fe3O4/TiO2 MNPs can significantly inhibit fluorescence quenching because the weak absorption of visible light by the TiO2. The two-dimension barcode library of 30 magnetic QD barcodes was constructed based on Fe3O4/TiO2 MNPs and CdSe/ZnS QDs. Moreover, the magnetic QD barcodes showed high sensitivity for the multiplex detection of four tumor markers, cancer antigen 125 (CA125), cancer antigen 199 (CA199), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), and neuron specific enolase (NSE) with detection limits of 0.89 KU/L, 0.72 KU/L, 0.05 ng/mL, and 0.15 ng/mL, respectively. This bifunctional magnetic QD barcodes are promising for automatic high-sensitivity multiplex bioassay.
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3
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Fattahi Z, Hasanzadeh M. Nanotechnology-assisted microfluidic systems platform for chemical and bioanalysis. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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4
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Current Status and Future Perspectives of Supports and Protocols for Enzyme Immobilization. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11101222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The market for industrial enzymes has witnessed constant growth, which is currently around 7% a year, projected to reach $10.5 billion in 2024. Lipases are hydrolase enzymes naturally responsible for triglyceride hydrolysis. They are the most expansively used industrial biocatalysts, with wide application in a broad range of industries. However, these biocatalytic processes are usually limited by the low stability of the enzyme, the half-life time, and the processes required to solve these problems are complex and lack application feasibility at the industrial scale. Emerging technologies create new materials for enzyme carriers and sophisticate the well-known immobilization principles to produce more robust, eco-friendlier, and cheaper biocatalysts. Therefore, this review discusses the trending studies and industrial applications of the materials and protocols for lipase immobilization, analyzing their advantages and disadvantages. Finally, it summarizes the current challenges and potential alternatives for lipases at the industrial level.
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Peng F, Liu M, Wang X, Ding X. Synthesis of low-viscosity hydrophobic magnetic deep eutectic solvent: Selective extraction of DNA. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1181:338899. [PMID: 34556228 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Fast extraction of high-purity nucleic acid from complex biological sample is the key to downstream nucleic acid analysis. In this work, two low-viscosity hydrophobic magnetic deep eutectic solvents (HMDESs) were synthesized for the selective extraction of DNA. The conformation of the HMDES was simulated by density functional theory (DFT) calculation. Characterization of HMDESs' physical (magnetism, density, viscosity, and hydrophobicity) properties and thermal (melting point and decomposition temperature) properties were conducted. Based on the HMDESs, a vortex-assisted liquid-liquid micro-extraction (VALLME) DNA method was developed. Single stranded DNA that was extracted by HMDESs could be quickly collected by an external magnet. Factors that could impact the DNA extraction process, such as HMDESs volume, temperature, extraction time, and pH were systematically investigated via single-factor experimental analysis. Under the optimized condition, the proposed extraction method has been demonstrated with the extraction of DNA from a series of complex sample matrices, including metal mixture, protein mixture and E. coli cell lysate. The DNA extracted by using HMDES-based VALLME method was well suitable for PCR amplifications. After extraction, the retained DNAs could be readily recovered by simply using Britton-Robison (BR) buffer. In addition, the interaction and corresponding binding sites between HMDESs and DNA were investigated by FT-IR and DFT calculation. This work provides a new green magnetic solvent and a rapid and environmental-friendly extraction method for the enrichment of DNA and other biological macromolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feixia Peng
- School of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Mei Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Xuelian Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Xueqin Ding
- School of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.
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6
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Salva ML, Rocca M, Niemeyer CM, Delamarche E. Methods for immobilizing receptors in microfluidic devices: A review. MICRO AND NANO ENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mne.2021.100085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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7
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Huovinen T, Lindenburg L, Minter R, Hollfelder F. Multiplexed Affinity Characterization of Protein Binders Directly from a Crude Cell Lysate by Covalent Capture on Suspension Bead Arrays. Anal Chem 2021; 93:2166-2173. [PMID: 33397084 PMCID: PMC7861142 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c03992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
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The precise determination of affinity and specificity is a crucial step in the
development of new protein reagents for therapy and diagnostics. Paradoxically, the
selection of protein binders, e.g., antibody fragments, from large combinatorial
repertoires is a rapid process compared to the subsequent characterization of selected
clones. Here we demonstrate the use of suspension bead arrays (SBA) in combination with
flow cytometry to facilitate the post-selection analysis of binder affinities. The array
is designed to capture the proteins of interest (POIs) covalently on the surface of
superparamagnetic color-coded microbeads directly from expression cell lysate, based on
SpyTag-SpyCatcher coupling by isopeptide bond formation. This concept was validated by
analyzing the affinities of a typical phage display output, i.e., clones consisting of
single-chain variable fragment antibodies (scFvs), as SpyCatcher fusions in 12- and
24-plex SBA formats using a standard three-laser flow cytometer. We demonstrate that the
equilibrium dissociation constants (Kd) obtained from
multiplexed SBA assays correlate well with experiments performed on a larger scale,
while the antigen consumption was reduced >100-fold compared to the conventional
96-well plate format. Protein screening and characterization by SBAs is a rapid and
reagent-saving analytical format for combinatorial protein engineering to address
specificity maturation and cross-reactivity profiling of antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuomas Huovinen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, CB2 1GA Cambridge, U.K
| | - Laurens Lindenburg
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, CB2 1GA Cambridge, U.K
| | - Ralph Minter
- Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, R&D, AstraZeneca, Milstein Building, Granta Park, Cambridge CB21 6GH, U.K
| | - Florian Hollfelder
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, CB2 1GA Cambridge, U.K
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Kim JH, Lee SY, Lee SK. Development of novel lab-on-a-chip platform for high-throughput radioimmunoassay. Appl Radiat Isot 2020; 168:109526. [PMID: 33316629 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2020.109526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Radioimmunoassay (RIA) is an extremely specific and a highly sensitive type of immunoassay, but the long incubation time and generation of radioactive wastes limit the use of RIA. To complement these disadvantages of RIA, we suggest an advanced type of RIA based on a lab-on-a-chip (LOC) platform: μ-RIA. We designed a microfluidic chip for RIA and optimized the procedures of μ-RIA analysis, including surface modification, immunoreaction time, and washing. Based on the optimized conditions, we conducted a radioimmunoassay on the μ-RIA platform using a commercial RIA kit. With the μ-RIA, 5 min are adequate for analysis. The amount of reagent consumption is significantly reduced compared with conventional RIA. The standard curve with R2 = 0.9951 shows that we can quantitatively evaluate the amount of antigen present in unknown samples. We show the applicability of μ-RIA for the analysis of biomolecules and the potential of μ-RIA to be a novel platform for high-throughput analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Hee Kim
- Neutron and Radioisotope Application Research Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, 111, Daedeok-daero 989beon-gil, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34057, Republic of Korea; School of Architectural, Civil, Environmental and Energy Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 80, Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Young Lee
- Neutron and Radioisotope Application Research Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, 111, Daedeok-daero 989beon-gil, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34057, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Kon Lee
- Neutron and Radioisotope Application Research Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, 111, Daedeok-daero 989beon-gil, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34057, Republic of Korea.
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10
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Rajeev G, Cowin AJ, Voelcker NH, Prieto Simon B. Magnetic Nanoparticles Enhance Pore Blockage-Based Electrochemical Detection of a Wound Biomarker. Front Chem 2019; 7:438. [PMID: 31245362 PMCID: PMC6582131 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel pore blockage-based electrochemical immunosensor based on the combination of 100 nm-magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), as signal enhancers, and 200 nm-pore diameter nanoporous anodic alumina (NAA) membranes, as sensing platform, is reported. A peptide conjugate mimicking flightless I (Flii), a wound healing biomarker, was chosen as target analyte. The sensing platform consists of an anti-Flii antibody (Ab1)-modified NAA membrane attached onto a gold electrode. Anti-KLH antibody (Ab2)-modified MNPs (MNP-Ab2) were used to selectively capture the Flii peptide conjugate in solution. Sensing was based on pore blockage of the Ab1-modified NAA membrane caused upon specific binding of the MNP-Ab2-analyte complex. The degree of pore blockage, and thus the concentration of the Flii peptide conjugate in the sample, was measured as a reduction in the oxidation current of a redox species ([Fe(CN)6]4-) added in solution. We demonstrated that pore blockage is drastically enhanced by applying an external magnetic field at the membrane backside to facilitate access of the MNP-Ab2-analyte complex into the pores, and thus ensure its availability to bind to the Ab1-modified NAA membrane. Combining the pore blockage-based electrochemical magnetoimmunosensor with an externally applied magnetic field, a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.5 ng/ml of Flii peptide conjugate was achieved, while sensing in the absence of magnetic field could only attain a LOD of 1.2 μg/ml. The developed sensing strategy is envisaged as a powerful solution for the ultra-sensitive detection of an analyte of interest present in a complex matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayathri Rajeev
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, Australia
- Faculty of Science, Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices, University of Technology, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Allison J. Cowin
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, Australia
| | - Nicolas H. Voelcker
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication, Victorian Node of the Australian National Fabrication Facility, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Beatriz Prieto Simon
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication, Victorian Node of the Australian National Fabrication Facility, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Clayton, VIC, Australia
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11
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Park CY, Park YH, Kim YS, Song HJ, Kim JD. Permanent magnet actuation for magnetic bead-based DNA extraction. Biomed Eng Online 2018; 17:143. [PMID: 30396351 PMCID: PMC6219032 DOI: 10.1186/s12938-018-0572-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, automatic molecular diagnostic devices to extract DNA have been extensively developed using magnetic beads. While various methods can be applied to the control of the beads, the efficiency of the control when incorporated in automatic devices has not been studied. This paper proposes a compact magnet actuation method for the control of magnetic beads for DNA extraction, and compares the efficiency to the already available magnetic bead-based DNA extraction device. A permanent magnet was preferred for its compactness, while an electro-magnet provides easy operation. After investigating various methods to actuate the magnet with perspective to the size, circuit complexity, and power requirement, we determined the solenoid actuation method to be most efficient. To further reduce the dimension of the overall actuation device, direct actuation of the permanent magnet to control the hold/release of the beads was employed in this paper. The proposed method was compared with the conventional solenoid actuator with a metal plunger. An experimental fluidics device was set up with a fluidic channel and a syringe pump. The bead holding performance against the fluid speed was tested while a fixed amount of beads was loaded into the center of the channel. The group velocity of the beads was analyzed via image processing to determine whether the magnet was sufficient to hold the beads. The required power and space was analyzed and compared qualitatively and quantitatively. RESULT The proposed direct actuation method was capable of holding the beads at faster fluidic speed than the conventional solenoid actuator. The required power was comparable contemplating the high initial power of the solenoid actuator, and required much smaller space since no plunger was needed. CONCLUSIONS The direct actuation of the permanent magnet using a solenoid coil showed enhanced performance in holding the beads via permanent magnet, with less complexity of the actuation circuit and space. The proposed method therefore can efficiently improve the overall performance of the bead-based DNA extraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Young Park
- Department of Convergence Software, Hallym University, Chuncheon, South Korea.,Bio-IT Research Center, Hallym University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Young-Hyun Park
- Department of Convergence Software, Hallym University, Chuncheon, South Korea.,Bio-IT Research Center, Hallym University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Yu-Seop Kim
- Department of Convergence Software, Hallym University, Chuncheon, South Korea.,Bio-IT Research Center, Hallym University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Hye-Jeong Song
- Department of Convergence Software, Hallym University, Chuncheon, South Korea.,Bio-IT Research Center, Hallym University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Jong-Dae Kim
- Department of Convergence Software, Hallym University, Chuncheon, South Korea. .,Bio-IT Research Center, Hallym University, Chuncheon, South Korea.
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12
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Barbosa AI, Reis NM. A critical insight into the development pipeline of microfluidic immunoassay devices for the sensitive quantitation of protein biomarkers at the point of care. Analyst 2018; 142:858-882. [PMID: 28217778 DOI: 10.1039/c6an02445a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The latest clinical procedures for the timely and cost-effective diagnosis of chronic and acute clinical conditions, such as cardiovascular diseases, cancer, chronic respiratory diseases, diabetes or sepsis (i.e. the biggest causes of death worldwide), involve the quantitation of specific protein biomarkers released into the blood stream or other physiological fluids (e.g. urine or saliva). The clinical thresholds are usually in the femtomolar to picolomar range, and consequently the measurement of these protein biomarkers heavily relies on highly sophisticated, bulky and automated equipment in centralised pathology laboratories. The first microfluidic devices capable of measuring protein biomarkers in miniaturised immunoassays were presented nearly two decades ago and promised to revolutionise point-of-care (POC) testing by offering unmatched sensitivity and automation in a compact POC format; however, the development and adoption of microfluidic protein biomarker tests has fallen behind expectations. This review presents a detailed critical overview into the pipeline of microfluidic devices developed in the period 2005-2016 capable of measuring protein biomarkers from the pM to fM range in formats compatible with POC testing, with a particular focus on the use of affordable microfluidic materials and compact low-cost signal interrogation. The integration of these two important features (essential unique selling points for the successful microfluidic diagnostic products) has been missed in previous review articles and explain the poor adoption of microfluidic technologies in this field. Most current miniaturised devices compromise either on the affordability, compactness and/or performance of the test, making current tests unsuitable for the POC measurement of protein biomarkers. Seven core technical areas, including (i) the selected strategy for antibody immobilisation, (ii) the surface area and surface-area-to-volume ratio, (iii) surface passivation, (iv) the biological matrix interference, (v) fluid control, (vi) the signal detection modes and (vii) the affordability of the manufacturing process and detection system, were identified as the key to the effective development of a sensitive and affordable microfluidic protein biomarker POC test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana I Barbosa
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, UK
| | - Nuno M Reis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, UK and Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK.
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13
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Zahn JD. Microdevice Development and Artificial Organs. Artif Organs 2018; 43:17-20. [PMID: 30260017 DOI: 10.1111/aor.13288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey D Zahn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, 599 Taylor Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
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14
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Abstract
Rapid detection of foodborne pathogens at an early stage is imperative for preventing the outbreak of foodborne diseases, known as serious threats to human health. Conventional bacterial culturing methods for foodborne pathogen detection are time consuming, laborious, and with poor pathogen diagnosis competences. This has prompted researchers to call the current status of detection approaches into question and leverage new technologies for superior pathogen sensing outcomes. Novel strategies mainly rely on incorporating all the steps from sample preparation to detection in miniaturized devices for online monitoring of pathogens with high accuracy and sensitivity in a time-saving and cost effective manner. Lab on chip is a blooming area in diagnosis, which exploits different mechanical and biological techniques to detect very low concentrations of pathogens in food samples. This is achieved through streamlining the sample handling and concentrating procedures, which will subsequently reduce human errors and enhance the accuracy of the sensing methods. Integration of sample preparation techniques into these devices can effectively minimize the impact of complex food matrix on pathogen diagnosis and improve the limit of detections. Integration of pathogen capturing bio-receptors on microfluidic devices is a crucial step, which can facilitate recognition abilities in harsh chemical and physical conditions, offering a great commercial benefit to the food-manufacturing sector. This article reviews recent advances in current state-of-the-art of sample preparation and concentration from food matrices with focus on bacterial capturing methods and sensing technologies, along with their advantages and limitations when integrated into microfluidic devices for online rapid detection of pathogens in foods and food production line.
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15
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On-chip immune cell activation and subsequent time-resolved magnetic bead-based cytokine detection. Biomed Microdevices 2017; 18:93. [PMID: 27628061 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-016-0117-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Cytokine profiling and immunophenotyping offer great potential for understanding many disease mechanisms, personalized diagnosis, and immunotherapy. Here, we demonstrate a time-resolved detection of cytokine from a single cell cluster using an in situ magnetic immune assay. An array of triple-layered microfluidic chambers was fabricated to enable simultaneous cell culture under perfusion flow and detection of the induced cytokines at multiple time-points. Each culture chamber comprises three fluidic compartments which are dedicated to, cell culture, perfusion and immunoassay. The three compartments are separated by porous membranes, which allow the diffusion of fresh nutrient from the perfusion compartment into the cell culture compartment and cytokines secretion from the cell culture compartment into the immune assay compartment. This structure hence enables capturing the released cytokines without disturbing the cell culture and without minimizing benefit gain from perfusion. Functionalized magnetic beads were used as a solid phase carrier for cytokine capturing and quantification. The cytokines released from differential stimuli were quantified in situ in non-differentiated U937 monocytes and differentiated macrophages.
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16
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Richter KR, Nasr AN, Mexas AM. Cytokine Concentrations Measured by Multiplex Assays in Canine Peripheral Blood Samples. Vet Pathol 2017; 55:53-67. [PMID: 28812527 DOI: 10.1177/0300985817725388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Cytokines are known to play important roles in a wide range of pathologic conditions spanning all organ systems in every species studied. As our knowledge of the physiology of individual cytokines expands and our ability to measure multiple cytokines in smaller biological samples increases, we gain more insight into the significance and function of each cytokine and the importance of cytokine networks. Previous studies that reported measurements of cytokine concentrations from serum or plasma in dogs with infectious, autoimmune, metabolic, endocrine, and neoplastic diseases yield an appreciation for the complexity of cytokine control and potential applications for cytokine measurements in the diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy of a variety of disease conditions. In this review, we highlight the benefits of multiplex cytokine analysis, summarize clinical and experimental reports that have used this technology in dogs, and discuss the strengths and limitations of data analysis for the interpretation of results in these studies. We describe how differences in technical acuity, data reporting tactics, statistical analysis, study population selection criteria, and cross-sectional experimental design methods may affect interpretation of results from this technology. We also suggest methods for analysis in future studies, such as reporting median fluorescence intensity values, analyzing the proportion of patients above population medians, and performing longitudinal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen R Richter
- 1 College of Veterinary Medicine, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ, USA
| | - Amirah N Nasr
- 1 College of Veterinary Medicine, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ, USA
| | - Angela M Mexas
- 1 College of Veterinary Medicine, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ, USA
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Tarn MD, Pamme N. On-Chip Magnetic Particle-Based Immunoassays Using Multilaminar Flow for Clinical Diagnostics. Methods Mol Biol 2017; 1547:69-83. [PMID: 28044288 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-6734-6_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic particles have become popular in recent years for immunoassays due to their high surface-to-volume ratio and the ease of their manipulation. However, such assays also require multiple reaction and washing steps that are both time-consuming and manually laborious. Here, we describe a setup and methodology for performing rapid immunoassays on magnetic particles in continuous flow via their deflection through multiple laminar flow streams of reagents and washing solutions. In particular, we focus on the use of the microfluidic platform for a C-reactive protein (CRP) sandwich immunoassay in less than 60 s.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark D Tarn
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Hull, HU6 7RX, UK
| | - Nicole Pamme
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Hull, HU6 7RX, UK.
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Versteeg L, Le Guezennec X, Zhan B, Liu Z, Angagaw M, Woodhouse JD, Biswas S, Beaumier CM. Transferring Luminex® cytokine assays to a wall-less plate technology: Validation and comparison study with plasma and cell culture supernatants. J Immunol Methods 2017; 440:74-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2016.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Revised: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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19
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Raja B, Pascente C, Knoop J, Shakarisaz D, Sherlock T, Kemper S, Kourentzi K, Renzi RF, Hatch AV, Olano J, Peng BH, Ruchhoeft P, Willson R. An embedded microretroreflector-based microfluidic immunoassay platform. LAB ON A CHIP 2016; 16:1625-35. [PMID: 27025227 PMCID: PMC5533084 DOI: 10.1039/c6lc00038j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
We present a microfluidic immunoassay platform based on the use of linear microretroreflectors embedded in a transparent polymer layer as an optical sensing surface, and micron-sized magnetic particles as light-blocking labels. Retroreflectors return light directly to its source and are highly detectable using inexpensive optics. The analyte is immuno-magnetically pre-concentrated from a sample and then captured on an antibody-modified microfluidic substrate comprised of embedded microretroreflectors, thereby blocking reflected light. Fluidic force discrimination is used to increase specificity of the assay, following which a difference imaging algorithm that can see single 3 μm magnetic particles without optical calibration is used to detect and quantify signal intensity from each sub-array of retroreflectors. We demonstrate the utility of embedded microretroreflectors as a new sensing modality through a proof-of-concept immunoassay for a small, obligate intracellular bacterial pathogen, Rickettsia conorii, the causative agent of Mediterranean Spotted Fever. The combination of large sensing area, optimized surface chemistry and microfluidic protocols, automated image capture and analysis, and high sensitivity of the difference imaging results in a sensitive immunoassay with a limit of detection of roughly 4000 R. conorii per mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balakrishnan Raja
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA.
| | - Carmen Pascente
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jennifer Knoop
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA.
| | - David Shakarisaz
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Tim Sherlock
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Steven Kemper
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA.
| | - Katerina Kourentzi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA.
| | - Ronald F Renzi
- Advanced Systems Engineering and Deployment, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California, USA
| | - Anson V Hatch
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California, USA
| | - Juan Olano
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Bi-Hung Peng
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Paul Ruchhoeft
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Richard Willson
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA. and Centro de Biotecnología FEMSA, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
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20
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Ngamsom B, Esfahani MM, Phurimsak C, Lopez-Martinez MJ, Raymond JC, Broyer P, Patel P, Pamme N. Multiplex sorting of foodborne pathogens by on-chip free-flow magnetophoresis. Anal Chim Acta 2016; 918:69-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2016.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Revised: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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21
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Shim S, Shim J, Taylor WR, Kosari F, Vasmatzis G, Ahlquist DA, Bashir R. Magnetophoretic-based microfluidic device for DNA Concentration. Biomed Microdevices 2016; 18:28. [DOI: 10.1007/s10544-016-0051-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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22
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Leng Y, Sun K, Chen X, Li W. Suspension arrays based on nanoparticle-encoded microspheres for high-throughput multiplexed detection. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:5552-95. [PMID: 26021602 PMCID: PMC5223091 DOI: 10.1039/c4cs00382a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Spectrometrically or optically encoded microsphere based suspension array technology (SAT) is applicable to the high-throughput, simultaneous detection of multiple analytes within a small, single sample volume. Thanks to the rapid development of nanotechnology, tremendous progress has been made in the multiplexed detecting capability, sensitivity, and photostability of suspension arrays. In this review, we first focus on the current stock of nanoparticle-based barcodes as well as the manufacturing technologies required for their production. We then move on to discuss all existing barcode-based bioanalysis patterns, including the various labels used in suspension arrays, label-free platforms, signal amplification methods, and fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based platforms. We then introduce automatic platforms for suspension arrays that use superparamagnetic nanoparticle-based microspheres. Finally, we summarize the current challenges and their proposed solutions, which are centered on improving encoding capacities, alternative probe possibilities, nonspecificity suppression, directional immobilization, and "point of care" platforms. Throughout this review, we aim to provide a comprehensive guide for the design of suspension arrays, with the goal of improving their performance in areas such as multiplexing capacity, throughput, sensitivity, and cost effectiveness. We hope that our summary on the state-of-the-art development of these arrays, our commentary on future challenges, and some proposed avenues for further advances will help drive the development of suspension array technology and its related fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuankui Leng
- The State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
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23
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Ghodbane M, Stucky EC, Maguire TJ, Schloss RS, Shreiber DI, Zahn JD, Yarmush ML. Development and validation of a microfluidic immunoassay capable of multiplexing parallel samples in microliter volumes. LAB ON A CHIP 2015; 15:3211-21. [PMID: 26130452 PMCID: PMC4507421 DOI: 10.1039/c5lc00398a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Immunoassays are widely utilized due to their ability to quantify a vast assortment of biomolecules relevant to biological research and clinical diagnostics. Recently, immunoassay capabilities have been improved by the development of multiplex assays that simultaneously measure multiple analytes in a single sample. However, these assays are hindered by high costs of reagents and relatively large sample requirements. For example, in vitro screening systems currently dedicate individual wells to each time point of interest and this limitation is amplified in screening studies when the investigation of many experimental conditions is necessary; resulting in large volumes for analysis, a correspondingly high cost and a limited temporal experimental design. Microfluidics based immunoassays have been developed in order to overcome these drawbacks. Together, previous studies have demonstrated on-chip assays with either a large dynamic range, high performance sensitivity, and/or the ability to process samples in parallel on a single chip. In this report, we develop a multiplex immunoassay possessing all of these parallel characteristics using commercially available reagents, which allows the analytes of interest to be easily changed. The device presented can measure 6 proteins in 32 samples simultaneously using only 4.2 μL of sample volume. High quality standard curves are generated for all 6 analytes included in the analysis, and spiked samples are quantified throughout the working range of the assay. In addition, we demonstrate a strong correlation (R(2) = 0.8999) between in vitro supernatant measurements using our device and those obtained from a bench-top multiplex immunoassay. Finally, we describe cytokine secretion in an in vitro inflammatory hippocampus culture system, establishing proof-of-concept of the ability to use this platform as an in vitro screening tool. The low-volume, multiplexing abilities of the microdevice described in this report could be broadly applied to numerous situations where sample volumes and costs are limiting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Ghodbane
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 599 Taylor Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA.
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24
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Chuang CH, Wu TF, Chen CH, Chang KC, Ju JW, Huang YW, Van Nhan V. Lab on a chip for multiplexed immunoassays to detect bladder cancer using multifunctional dielectrophoretic manipulations. LAB ON A CHIP 2015; 15:3056-64. [PMID: 26087450 DOI: 10.1039/c5lc00352k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A multiplexed immunosensor has been developed for the detection of specific biomarkers Galectin-1 (Gal-1) and Lactate Dehydrogenase B (LDH-B) present in different grades of bladder cancer cell lysates. In order to immobilize nanoprobes with different antibodies on a single chip we employed three-step programmable dielectrophoretic manipulations for focusing, guiding and trapping to enhance the fluorescent response and reduce the interference between the two antibody arrays. The chip consisted of a patterned indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode for sensing and a middle fish bone shaped gold electrode for focusing and guiding. Using ITO electrodes for the sensing area can effectively eliminate the background noise of fluorescence response as compared to metal electrodes. It was also observed that the three step manipulation increased fluorescence response after immunosensing by about 4.6 times as compared to utilizing DEP for just trapping the nanoprobes. Two different-grade bladder cancer cell lysates (grade I: RT4 and grade III: T24) were individually analyzed for detecting the protein expression levels of Gal-1 and LDH-B. The fluorescence intensity observed for Gal-1 is higher than that of LDH-B in the T24 cell lysate; however the response observed in RT4 is higher for LDH-B as compared to Gal-1. Thus we can effectively identify the different grades of bladder cancer cells. In addition, the platform for DEP manipulation developed in this study can enable real time detection of multiple analytes on a single chip and provide more practical benefits for clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Hsin Chuang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan 71005, Taiwan.
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25
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Ghodbane M, Kulesa A, Yu HH, Maguire TJ, Schloss RR, Ramachandran R, Zahn JD, Yarmush ML. Development of a low-volume, highly sensitive microimmunoassay using computational fluid dynamics-driven multiobjective optimization. MICROFLUIDICS AND NANOFLUIDICS 2015; 18:199-214. [PMID: 25691853 PMCID: PMC4327895 DOI: 10.1007/s10404-014-1416-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Immunoassays are one of the most versatile and widely performed biochemical assays and, given their selectivity and specificity, are used in both clinical and research settings. However, the high cost of reagents and relatively large sample volumes constrain the integration of immunoassays into many applications. Scaling the assay down within microfluidic devices can alleviate issues associated with reagent and sample consumption. However, in many cases a new device is designed and empirically optimized for each specific analyte, a costly and time consuming approach. In this paper, we report the development of a microfluidic bead-based immunoassay which, using antibody coated microbeads, can potentially detect any analyte or combination of analytes for which antibody coated microbeads can be generated. We also developed a computational reaction model and optimization algorithm that can be used to optimize the device for any analyte. We applied this technique to develop a low volume IL-6 immunoassay with high sensitivity (358 fM, 10 pg/mL) and a large dynamic range (4 orders of magnitude). This device design and optimization technique can be used to design assays for any protein with an available antibody and can be used with a large number of applications including biomarker discovery, temporal in vitro studies using a reduced number of cells and reagents, and analysis of scarce biological samples in animal studies and clinical research settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Ghodbane
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 599 Taylor Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - Anthony Kulesa
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 599 Taylor Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - Henry H. Yu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 599 Taylor Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - Tim J. Maguire
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 599 Taylor Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - Rene R. Schloss
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 599 Taylor Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - Rohit Ramachandran
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 98 Brett Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Jeffrey D. Zahn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 599 Taylor Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - Martin L. Yarmush
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 599 Taylor Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
- Center for Engineering in Medicine/Surgical Services, Massachusetts General Hospital, 51 Blossom Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
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26
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Funano SI, Sugahara M, Henares TG, Sueyoshi K, Endo T, Hisamoto H. A single-step enzyme immunoassay capillary sensor composed of functional multilayer coatings for the diagnosis of marker proteins. Analyst 2015; 140:1459-65. [DOI: 10.1039/c4an01781a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A single-step, easy-to-use enzyme immunoassay capillary sensor, composed of substrate-immobilized hydrophobic coating, hydrogel coating, and soluble coating containing an enzyme-labeled antibody, was developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun-ichi Funano
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Osaka Prefecture University
- Sakai City
- Japan
| | - Masato Sugahara
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Osaka Prefecture University
- Sakai City
- Japan
| | - Terence G. Henares
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Osaka Prefecture University
- Sakai City
- Japan
| | - Kenji Sueyoshi
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Osaka Prefecture University
- Sakai City
- Japan
| | - Tatsuro Endo
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Osaka Prefecture University
- Sakai City
- Japan
| | - Hideaki Hisamoto
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Osaka Prefecture University
- Sakai City
- Japan
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27
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Tarn MD, Elders LT, Peyman SA, Pamme N. Diamagnetic repulsion of particles for multilaminar flow assays. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra21867e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A continuous multilaminar flow reaction was performed on functionalised polymer particlesviadiamagnetic repulsion forces, using a simple, inexpensive setup.
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28
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Lin G, Makarov D, Melzer M, Si W, Yan C, Schmidt OG. A highly flexible and compact magnetoresistive analytic device. LAB ON A CHIP 2014; 14:4050-8. [PMID: 25160858 DOI: 10.1039/c4lc00751d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
A grand vision of realization of smart and compact multifunctional microfluidic devices for wearable health monitoring, environment sensing and point-of-care tests emerged with the fast development of flexible electronics. As a vital component towards this vision, magnetic functionality in flexible fluidics is still missing although demanded by the broad utility of magnetic nanoparticles in medicine and biology. Here, we demonstrate the first flexible microfluidic analytic device with integrated high-performance giant magnetoresistive (GMR) sensors. This device can be bent to a radius of 2 mm while still retaining its full performance. Various dimensions of magnetic emulsion droplets can be probed with high precision using a limit of detection of 0.5 pl, providing broad applicability in high-throughput droplet screening, flow cytometry and drug development. The flexible feature of this analytic device holds great promise in the realization of wearable, implantable multifunctional platforms for biomedical, pharmaceutical and chemical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gungun Lin
- Institute for Integrative Nanosciences, IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstr. 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany.
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29
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Berenguel-Alonso M, Granados X, Faraudo J, Alonso-Chamarro J, Puyol M. Magnetic actuator for the control and mixing of magnetic bead-based reactions on-chip. Anal Bioanal Chem 2014; 406:6607-16. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-014-8100-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Revised: 08/07/2014] [Accepted: 08/08/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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30
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Phurimsak C, Yildirim E, Tarn MD, Trietsch SJ, Hankemeier T, Pamme N, Vulto P. Phaseguide assisted liquid lamination for magnetic particle-based assays. LAB ON A CHIP 2014; 14:2334-2343. [PMID: 24832933 DOI: 10.1039/c4lc00139g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We have developed a magnetic particle-based assay platform in which functionalised magnetic particles are transferred sequentially through laminated volumes of reagents and washing buffers. Lamination of aqueous liquids is achieved via the use of phaseguide technology; microstructures that control the advancing air-liquid interface of solutions as they enter a microfluidic chamber. This allows manual filling of the device, eliminating the need for external pumping systems, and preparation of the system requires only a few minutes. Here, we apply the platform to two on-chip strategies: (i) a one-step streptavidin-biotin binding assay, and (ii) a two-step C-reactive protein immunoassay. With these, we demonstrate how condensing multiple reaction and washing processes into a single step significantly reduces procedural times, with both assay procedures requiring less than 8 seconds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chayakom Phurimsak
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Hull, HU6 7RX, UK.
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31
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Culbertson CT, Mickleburgh TG, Stewart-James SA, Sellens KA, Pressnall M. Micro total analysis systems: fundamental advances and biological applications. Anal Chem 2014; 86:95-118. [PMID: 24274655 PMCID: PMC3951881 DOI: 10.1021/ac403688g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tom G. Mickleburgh
- Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
| | | | - Kathleen A. Sellens
- Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
| | - Melissa Pressnall
- Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
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32
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Tekin HC, Gijs MAM. Ultrasensitive protein detection: a case for microfluidic magnetic bead-based assays. LAB ON A CHIP 2013; 13:4711-39. [PMID: 24145920 DOI: 10.1039/c3lc50477h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
We review the use of magnetic micro- and nanoparticles ('magnetic beads') in microfluidic systems for ultrasensitive protein detection. During recent years magnetic beads have been used frequently in immunoassays, either as mobile substrates on which the target antigen is captured, as detection labels, or simultaneously as substrates and labels. The major part of the reviewed work has as application the detection of antibodies or disease biomarkers in serum or of biotoxins from food samples. Several of the most sensitive assays allow protein detection down to fg mL(-1) concentrations. We benchmark the performance of these microfluidic magnetic bead-based assays with the most promising earlier work and with alternative solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Cumhur Tekin
- Laboratory of Microsystems, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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33
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Park H, Hwang MP, Lee KH. Immunomagnetic nanoparticle-based assays for detection of biomarkers. Int J Nanomedicine 2013; 8:4543-52. [PMID: 24285924 PMCID: PMC3841294 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s51893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of biomarkers as key players in the paradigm shift towards preventative medicine underscores the need for their detection and quantification. Advances made in the field of nanotechnology have played a crucial role in achieving these needs, and have contributed to recent advances in the field of medicine. Nanoparticle-based immunomagnetic assays, in particular, offer numerous advantages that utilize the unique physical properties of magnetic nanoparticles. In this review, we focus on recent developments and trends with regards to immunomagnetic assays used for detection of biomarkers. The various immunomagnetic assays are categorized into the following: particle-based multiplexing, signal control, microfluidics, microarray, and automation. Herein, we analyze each category and discuss their advantages and disadvantages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoyoung Park
- Center for Biomaterials, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea ; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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34
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Chuang CH, Huang YW. Multistep manipulations of poly(methyl-methacrylate) submicron particles using dielectrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2013; 34:3111-8. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201300258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2013] [Revised: 08/04/2013] [Accepted: 08/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Hsin Chuang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology; Tainan Taiwan
| | - Yao-Wei Huang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology; Tainan Taiwan
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35
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Tarn MD, Lopez-Martinez MJ, Pamme N. On-chip processing of particles and cells via multilaminar flow streams. Anal Bioanal Chem 2013; 406:139-61. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-013-7363-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2013] [Revised: 09/09/2013] [Accepted: 09/10/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark D Tarn
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Hull, HU6 7RX, UK
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36
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Sasso LA, Aran K, Guan Y, Ündar A, Zahn JD. Continuous monitoring of inflammation biomarkers during simulated cardiopulmonary bypass using a microfluidic immunoassay device - a pilot study. Artif Organs 2013; 37:E9-E17. [PMID: 23305589 DOI: 10.1111/aor.12021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
This work demonstrates the use of a continuous online monitoring system for tracking systemic inflammation biomarkers during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) procedures. The ability to monitor inflammation biomarkers during CPB will allow surgical teams to actively treat inflammation and reduce harmful effects on postoperative morbidity and mortality, enabling improved patient outcomes. A microfluidic device has been designed which allows automation of the individual processing steps of a microbead immunoassay to allow continuous tracking of antigen concentrations. Preliminary experiments have demonstrated that the results produced by the microimmunoassay are comparable to results produced from a standard enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (r = 0.98). Additionally, integration of the assay with a simulated CPB circuit has been demonstrated with temporal tracking of C3a concentrations within blood continuously sampled from the circuit. The presented work describes the motivation, design challenges, and preliminary experimental results of this project.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence A Sasso
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
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37
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Bordelon H, Russ PK, Wright DW, Haselton FR. A magnetic bead-based method for concentrating DNA from human urine for downstream detection. PLoS One 2013; 8:e68369. [PMID: 23861895 PMCID: PMC3704639 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0068369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2013] [Accepted: 05/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the presence of PCR inhibitors, PCR cannot be used directly on most clinical samples, including human urine, without pre-treatment. A magnetic bead-based strategy is one potential method to collect biomarkers from urine samples and separate the biomarkers from PCR inhibitors. In this report, a 1 mL urine sample was mixed within the bulb of a transfer pipette containing lyophilized nucleic acid-silica adsorption buffer and silica-coated magnetic beads. After mixing, the sample was transferred from the pipette bulb to a small diameter tube, and captured biomarkers were concentrated using magnetic entrainment of beads through pre-arrayed wash solutions separated by small air gaps. Feasibility was tested using synthetic segments of the 140 bp tuberculosis IS6110 DNA sequence spiked into pooled human urine samples. DNA recovery was evaluated by qPCR. Despite the presence of spiked DNA, no DNA was detectable in unextracted urine samples, presumably due to the presence of PCR inhibitors. However, following extraction with the magnetic bead-based method, we found that ∼50% of spiked TB DNA was recovered from human urine containing roughly 5×103 to 5×108 copies of IS6110 DNA. In addition, the DNA was concentrated approximately ten-fold into water. The final concentration of DNA in the eluate was 5×106, 14×106, and 8×106 copies/µL for 1, 3, and 5 mL urine samples, respectively. Lyophilized and freshly prepared reagents within the transfer pipette produced similar results, suggesting that long-term storage without refrigeration is possible. DNA recovery increased with the length of the spiked DNA segments from 10±0.9% for a 75 bp DNA sequence to 42±4% for a 100 bp segment and 58±9% for a 140 bp segment. The estimated LOD was 77 copies of DNA/µL of urine. The strategy presented here provides a simple means to achieve high nucleic acid recovery from easily obtained urine samples, which does not contain inhibitors of PCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hali Bordelon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Patricia K. Russ
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - David W. Wright
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Frederick R. Haselton
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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