Litoribrevibacter albus gen. nov. sp. nov., isolated from coastal seawater, Fujian Province, China

Parathalassolituus penaei gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel member of the family Oceanospirillaceae isolated from a coastal shrimp pond in Guangxi, PR China

A Gram-stain-negative, strictly aerobic, rod-shaped and motile bacterium with bipolar flagella, designated G-43^T, was isolated from a surface seawater sample collected from an aquaculture in Guangxi, PR China. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain G-43^T was most closely related to the family Oceanospirillaceae and distantly to the most closely related genera Venatorbacter and Thalassolituus (95.52 % and 94.45-94.76 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, respectively), while similarity values to other Oceanospirillaceae type strains were lower than 94.0 %. Strain G-43^T was found to grow at 4-30 °C (optimum, 25-28 °C), pH 6-9.0 (optimum, pH 7.0) and with 0-4.0 % NaCl (w/v; optimum at 2 % NaCl). Chemotaxonomic analysis of strain G-43^T indicated that the sole respiratory quinone was ubiquinone-8, the predominant cellular fatty acids were C_16 : 0, summed feature 3 (C_16 : 1 ω7c and/or C_16 : 1 ω6c) and summed feature 8 (C_18 : 1 ω7c and/or C_18 : 1 ω6c), and the major polar lipids consisted of phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, aminolipid, diphosphatidylglycerol, phospholipids and an unidentified lipid. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 55.4 mol%. The phylogenetic, genotypic, phenotypic and chemotaxonomic data demonstrate that strain G-43^T represents a novel species in a novel genus within the family Oceanospirillaceae, for which the name Parathalassolituus penaei gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. Strain G-43^T (=KCTC 72750^T= CCTCC AB 2022321^T) is the type and only strain of Parathalassolituus penaei.

Litoribrevibacter euphylliae sp. nov., isolated from the torch coral Euphyllia glabrescens

Strain Eup a-2^T, isolated from the torch coral Euphyllia glabrescens, was characterized using a polyphasic taxonomy approach. Cells of strain Eup a-2^T were Gram-negative, aerobic and motile by three polar flagella and formed translucent colonies. Optimal growth occurred at 25 °C, pH 6-8 and in the presence of 2-4 % NaCl. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain Eup a-2^T belonged to the genus Litoribrevibacter and showed the highest levels of sequence similarity with respect to Litoribrevibacter albus Y32^T (97.8 %). Strain Eup a-2^T contained summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c) and C16 : 0 as the predominant fatty acids. The predominant isoprenoid quinone was Q-8. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and diphophatidylglycerol. Genomic DNA G+C content of strain Eup a-2^T was 49.1 mol%. The DNA-DNA hybridization value for strain Eup a-2^T with L. albus Y32^T was less than 30 %. Differential phenotypic properties, together with the phylogenetic inference, demonstrate that strain Eup a-2^T should be classified as a novel species of the genus Litoribrevibacter, for which the name Litoribrevibactereuphylliae sp. nov. is presented. The type strain is Eup a-2^T (=BCRC 81004^T=LMG 29725^T=KCTC 52438^T).

Sinobacterium norvegicum sp. nov., isolated from great scallop (Pecten maximus) broodstock and emended description of Sinobacterium caligoides

Six isolates were recovered from great scallop (Pecten maximus) broodstock in a hatchery in Bergen, Norway. The strains were thoroughly characterized by a polyphasic approach. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that these strains are related to the genus Sinobacterium, showing sequence similarities between 96.97 and 97.63 % with the only species of the genus, Sinobacterium caligoides. Phenotypic characterization showed that the strains are typical marine halophiles, Gram negative, aerobic chemoorganotrophs, and allowed their differentiation from the closely related taxa. The G+C content of the novel strains was 52.2 ± 1 mol% and the predominant fatty acids were C16:0, C16:1 ω7c/C16:1 ω6c and C18:1 ω7c. The value for DNA-DNA relatedness between strain 3CM4(T) and the S. caligoides type strain LMG 25705(T) was 46  %. Hybridization values between strain 3CM4(T) and the other scallop isolates ranged from 82 to 93.6 %. Based on all data collected, the six scallop strains represent a novel species of the genus Sinobacterium, for which the name Sinobacterium norvegicum sp. nov., is proposed with strain 3CM4(T) (=CECT 8267(T); =CAIM 1884(T)) as type strain.