Morphological manifestations for the protective effect of miliacin in organs of immunogenesis after treatment with methotrexate

Effects of the Complex of Panicum miliaceum Extract and Triticum aestivum Extract on Hair Condition

Proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) and common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) have been used as major crops in multiple regions since ancient times, and they contain various nutrients that can affect human hair health. This study investigated the various biological effects of a complex of millet extract and wheat extract (MWC) on hair health. Human immortalized dermal papilla cells (iDPCs) for an in vitro study and an anagen-synchronized mouse model for an in vivo study were employed. These findings revealed that the application of the MWC in vitro led to an increase in the mRNA levels of antioxidant enzymes (catalase and SOD1), growth factors (IGF-1, VEGF, and FGF7), and factors related to hair growth (wnt10b, β-catenin) while decreasing inflammatory cytokine mRNA levels (IL-6 and TNFα). The mRNA levels of hair follicles (HFs) in the dorsal skin of the mouse model in the early and late telogen phases were also measured. The mRNA levels in the in vivo study showed a similar alteration tendency as in the in vitro study in the early and late telogen phases. In this model, MWC treatment elongated the anagen phase of the hair cycle. These findings indicate that the MWC can suppress oxidative stress and inflammation and may elongate the anagen phase by enhancing the growth factors involved in the wnt10b/β-catenin signaling pathway. This study suggests that the MWC might have significant potential as a functional food for maintaining hair health.

Correction of morphofunctional changes in mice thymus and spleen by Rhaponticum uniflorum (L.) DC. extract at cyclophosphamide immunosupression

The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of R. uniflorum dry extract on morphofunctional state of mice thymus and spleen at cyclophosphamide immunosuppression.Materials and methods. The experiments were carried out on F1 (CBAxC57Bl/6) mice 18–20 g of weight. Immune deficiency was simulated by a single intraperitoneal introduction of cyclophosphamide in the dose 250 mg/kg. R. uniflorum dry extract in the dose 100 mg/kg was administered per os for 14 days. The thymus and spleen were fixed for histological studies on day 16. The thymus total area, the cortex and medulla area, the connective tissue capsule thickness, the spleen white and red pulp area were used to measure on micropreparations stained with hematoxylineosin and azure-eosin. The cell density and the cellular composition were calculated in the thymus cortical substance.Results. The R. uniflorum extract increased the thymus total area and the corticomedullary index by 37 and 26 % (p ≤ 0.05), respectively. The cells density increased in the cortical substance, it decreased in the medulla, as a result “layer inversion” is not observed in any animal of the experimental group. The number of proliferating lymphocytes, blasts and large lymphocytes increased; the number of destructive cells and macrophages decreased in the cortical substance. The spleen white pulp relative volume was 39 % higher than in the control.Conclusions. The R. uniflorum dry extract had an immunocorrective effect on the thymus and spleen morphofunctional state at cyclophosphamid immunosuppression.