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Liu M, Jin D, Yu W, Yu J, Cao K, Cheng J, Zheng X, Wang A, Liu Y. Enhancing Tumor Immunotherapy by Multivalent Anti-PD-L1 Nanobody Assembled via Ferritin Nanocage. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2308248. [PMID: 38491904 PMCID: PMC11132087 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202308248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Increasing immunotherapy response rate and durability can lead to significant improvements in cancer care. To address this challenge, a novel multivalent immune checkpoint therapeutic platform is constructed through site-specific ligation of anti-PD-L1 nanobody (Nb) on ferritin (Ftn) nanocage. Nb-Ftn blocks PD-1/PD-L1 interaction and downregulates PD-L1 levels via endocytosis-induced degradation. In addition, the cage structure of Ftn allows encapsulation of indocyanine green (ICG), an FDA-approved dye. Photothermal treatment with Nb-Ftn@ICG induces immunogenic death of tumor cells, which improves systemic immune response via maturation of dendritic cells and enhanced infiltration of T cells. Moreover, Nb-Ftn encapsulation significantly enhances cellular uptake, tumor accumulation and retention of ICG. In vivo assays showed that this nanoplatform ablates the primary tumor, suppresses abscopal tumors and inhibits tumor metastasis, leading to a prolonged survival rate. This work presents a novel strategy for improving cancer immunotherapy using multivalent nanobody-ferritin conjugates as immunological targeting and enhancing carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manman Liu
- Department of Pharmacythe First Affiliated Hospital of USTCDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230001China
| | - Duo Jin
- Department of Pharmacythe First Affiliated Hospital of USTCDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230001China
| | - Wenxin Yu
- Department of Pharmacythe First Affiliated Hospital of USTCDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230001China
| | - Jiaji Yu
- Department of Pharmacythe First Affiliated Hospital of USTCDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230001China
| | - Kaiming Cao
- Department of Pharmacythe First Affiliated Hospital of USTCDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230001China
| | - Junjie Cheng
- Department of Pharmacythe First Affiliated Hospital of USTCDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230001China
| | - Xiaohu Zheng
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic DiseaseSchool of Basic Medical SciencesCenter for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHMDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230027China
| | - Andrew Wang
- Department of Radiation OncologyUniversity of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallas75230USA
| | - Yangzhong Liu
- Department of Pharmacythe First Affiliated Hospital of USTCDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230001China
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2
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Kim SH, Park HM, Jeong HJ. Evaluation of PDL1 positive cancer cell-specific binding activity of recombinant anti-PDL1 scFv. Biotechnol Prog 2024:e3439. [PMID: 38377106 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.3439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PDL1) is a transmembrane protein that is characterized as an immune regulatory molecule. We recently developed a recombinant single-chain fragment of variable domain (scFv) against PDL1, which showed high binding efficiency to purified recombinant PDL1 protein. However, at that time, proof-of-concept data for the effect of scFv using PDL1-expressing cells was lacking. In this study, we conducted two kinds of cell-based immunoassays, western blotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, using anti-PDL1 scFv. The results indicate that scFv can selectively and sensitively detect PDL1 from PDL1 positive human cancer cell lines. Our findings suggest that scFv could be used as a potential PDL1 inhibitor agent and probe for cell-based immunoassays to detect PDL1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Hee Kim
- Industry-Academia Cooperation Foundation, Hongik University, Sejong-si, South Korea
| | - Hae-Min Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Hee-Jin Jeong
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Sejong-si, South Korea
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3
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Mardani-Jouneghani R, Irani S, Habibi-Anbouhi M, Behdani M. Development and Characterization of a Novel Single-Chain Antibody Against B-Cell Activating Factor. Mol Biotechnol 2023; 65:1968-1978. [PMID: 36906729 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00700-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Abstract
As a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily, the B-cell activating factor (BAFF) plays a crucial role in B-cell survival and differentiation. Overexpression of this protein has been closely linked to autoimmune disorders and some B-cell malignancies. Using monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against the BAFF soluble domain appears to be a complementary treatment for some of these diseases. This study aimed to produce and develop a specific Nanobody (Nb), a variable camelid antibody domain, against the soluble domain of BAFF protein. After camel immunization with recombinant protein and preparing cDNA from total RNAs separated from camel lymphocytes, an Nb library was developed. Individual colonies capable of binding selectively to rBAFF were obtained by periplasmic-ELISA, sequenced, and expressed in a bacterial expression system. The specificity and affinity of selected Nb were determined and its target identification and functionality were evaluated using flow cytometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasoul Mardani-Jouneghani
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- Biotechnology Research Centre, Venom and Biotherapeutics Molecules Laboratory, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, 1316543551, Iran
| | - Shiva Irani
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mahdi Behdani
- Biotechnology Research Centre, Venom and Biotherapeutics Molecules Laboratory, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, 1316543551, Iran.
- Zoonoses Research Centre, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Amol, Iran.
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4
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França RKA, Studart IC, Bezerra MRL, Pontes LQ, Barbosa AMA, Brigido MM, Furtado GP, Maranhão AQ. Progress on Phage Display Technology: Tailoring Antibodies for Cancer Immunotherapy. Viruses 2023; 15:1903. [PMID: 37766309 PMCID: PMC10536222 DOI: 10.3390/v15091903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The search for innovative anti-cancer drugs remains a challenge. Over the past three decades, antibodies have emerged as an essential asset in successful cancer therapy. The major obstacle in developing anti-cancer antibodies is the need for non-immunogenic antibodies against human antigens. This unique requirement highlights a disadvantage to using traditional hybridoma technology and thus demands alternative approaches, such as humanizing murine monoclonal antibodies. To overcome these hurdles, human monoclonal antibodies can be obtained directly from Phage Display libraries, a groundbreaking tool for antibody selection. These libraries consist of genetically engineered viruses, or phages, which can exhibit antibody fragments, such as scFv or Fab on their capsid. This innovation allows the in vitro selection of novel molecules directed towards cancer antigens. As foreseen when Phage Display was first described, nowadays, several Phage Display-derived antibodies have entered clinical settings or are undergoing clinical evaluation. This comprehensive review unveils the remarkable progress in this field and the possibilities of using clever strategies for phage selection and tailoring the refinement of antibodies aimed at increasingly specific targets. Moreover, the use of selected antibodies in cutting-edge formats is discussed, such as CAR (chimeric antigen receptor) in CAR T-cell therapy or ADC (antibody drug conjugate), amplifying the spectrum of potential therapeutic avenues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renato Kaylan Alves França
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Department of Cellular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil; (R.K.A.F.); (M.M.B.)
- Graduate Program in Molecular Pathology, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Igor Cabral Studart
- Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Fiocruz Ceará, Eusébio 61773-270, Brazil; (I.C.S.); (M.R.L.B.); (L.Q.P.); (A.M.A.B.); (G.P.F.)
- Graduate Program in Biotechnology of Natural Resources, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60440-970, Brazil
| | - Marcus Rafael Lobo Bezerra
- Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Fiocruz Ceará, Eusébio 61773-270, Brazil; (I.C.S.); (M.R.L.B.); (L.Q.P.); (A.M.A.B.); (G.P.F.)
- Graduate Program in Biotechnology of Natural Resources, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60440-970, Brazil
| | - Larissa Queiroz Pontes
- Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Fiocruz Ceará, Eusébio 61773-270, Brazil; (I.C.S.); (M.R.L.B.); (L.Q.P.); (A.M.A.B.); (G.P.F.)
- Graduate Program in Biotechnology of Natural Resources, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60440-970, Brazil
| | - Antonio Marcos Aires Barbosa
- Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Fiocruz Ceará, Eusébio 61773-270, Brazil; (I.C.S.); (M.R.L.B.); (L.Q.P.); (A.M.A.B.); (G.P.F.)
- Graduate Program in Applied Informatics, University of Fortaleza, Fortaleza 60811-905, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Macedo Brigido
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Department of Cellular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil; (R.K.A.F.); (M.M.B.)
| | - Gilvan Pessoa Furtado
- Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Fiocruz Ceará, Eusébio 61773-270, Brazil; (I.C.S.); (M.R.L.B.); (L.Q.P.); (A.M.A.B.); (G.P.F.)
- Graduate Program in Biotechnology of Natural Resources, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60440-970, Brazil
| | - Andréa Queiroz Maranhão
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Department of Cellular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil; (R.K.A.F.); (M.M.B.)
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Kumar V, Dahiya S, Budania S, Gupta AK, Sangwan P, Lather A, Kumar P, Kakker NK, Singh A. Characterization of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Serotype O-Specific Single Domain Antibody Expressed in the pET Expression System. Indian J Microbiol 2023; 63:337-343. [PMID: 37781019 PMCID: PMC10533770 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-023-01095-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Foot and mouth disease (FMD) is an extremely contagious disease of cloven-hoofed domesticated and wild animals, resulting in significant economic losses in many parts of the world. FMD virus (FMDV) serotype O is responsible for approximately 70% of global outbreaks. For detection of FMDV antigen or antibody, ELISAs are used worldwide and have several limitations, such as batch-to-batch variation in generating immunobiologicals, high production cost and ethical concerns over animal sacrifice. The use of single domain antibody (sdAb) or variable N-terminal domain of the heavy chain of heavy chain antibody (VHH) found naturally in camels has proven their effectiveness in diagnostics and therapeutics. In the present study, the anti-FMDV serotype O-specific VHH-C1 gene sequence (Accession no. KJ751546) was retrieved from the NCBI database. The gene was synthesized commercially in the pBluescript KS+ cloning vector and expressed in E. coli BL21 (DE3) cells using the pET303/CT-His expression system with a C-terminal 6X-His tag. The expressed sdAb, verified by SDS‒PAGE and western blotting, was purified by Ni-chelate chromatography and used as a coating antibody in double antibody sandwich (DAS) ELISA for FMDV detection and typing. The sdAb exhibited a high binding affinity for FMDV serotype O, without any cross-reactivity toward serotypes A and Asia-1. It exhibited better thermostability up to 85 °C than conventional rabbit polyclonal anti-FMDV sera. The potential of sdAbs thus produced without sacrificing lab animals could be explored for replacing polyclonal sera in DAS-ELISA as well as for developing biosensors or lateral flow devices for FMDV type O detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Kumar
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana 125004 India
| | - Swati Dahiya
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana 125004 India
| | - Savita Budania
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana 125004 India
| | - Akhil Kumar Gupta
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana 125004 India
| | - Punesh Sangwan
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana 125004 India
| | - Anshul Lather
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana 125004 India
| | - Pawan Kumar
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana 125004 India
| | - Naresh Kumar Kakker
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana 125004 India
| | - Ajit Singh
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana 125004 India
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Zhang T, Wang T, You F, Li Z, Chen D, Zhang K, Tian S, Sheng B, Wu H, Jiang L, Ma R, An G, Meng H, Yang L. Nanobody-based anti-CD22-chimeric antigen receptor T cell immunotherapy exhibits improved remission against B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Transpl Immunol 2022; 71:101538. [PMID: 35051588 DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2022.101538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell immunotherapies targeting CD19 can achieve impressive clinical remission rates in the treatment of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma and B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. However, relapse after CD19-CAR T treatment remains a major issue, with CD19 antigen-negative relapse being one of the main reasons. CD22, another antigen expressed in a B-cell lineage-specific pattern, is retained following CD19 loss. Accordingly, we hypothesized that CD22 could represent an alternative target to alleviate or compensate for the ineffectiveness of CD19-CAR T therapy. To this end, we generated camelid-derived CD22 nanobodies, whose smaller size, greater stability, and lower immunogenicity offer better quality than classical antibodies, and we used them to construct third-generation CD22-CARs containing 4-1BB and ICOS co-stimulatory domains. The novel CD22-CAR T cells exhibited impressive cytotoxicity both in vitro and in vivo and significantly prolonged the overall survival of tumor-bearing NSG mice. These findings provide the basis for further translational studies employing CD22-CARs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zhang
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Tian Wang
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Fengtao You
- PersonGen BioTherapeutics Co., Ltd., Suzhou, PR China
| | - Zixuan Li
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Dan Chen
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Kailu Zhang
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Shuaiyu Tian
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Binjie Sheng
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Hai Wu
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Licui Jiang
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Renyuxue Ma
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Gangli An
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Huimin Meng
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Lin Yang
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China; PersonGen BioTherapeutics Co., Ltd., Suzhou, PR China.
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7
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Nanobodies Enhancing Cancer Visualization, Diagnosis and Therapeutics. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22189778. [PMID: 34575943 PMCID: PMC8472690 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Worldwide, cancer is a serious health concern due to the increasing rates of incidence and mortality. Conventional cancer imaging, diagnosis and treatment practices continue to substantially contribute to the fight against cancer. However, these practices do have some risks, adverse effects and limitations, which can affect patient outcomes. Although antibodies have been developed, successfully used and proven beneficial in various oncology practices, the use of antibodies also comes with certain challenges and limitations (large in size, poor tumor penetration, high immunogenicity and a long half-life). Therefore, it is vital to develop new ways to visualize, diagnose and treat cancer. Nanobodies are novel antigen-binding fragments that possess many advantageous properties (small in size, low immunogenicity and a short half-life). Thus, the use of nanobodies in cancer practices may overcome the challenges experienced with using traditional antibodies. In this review, we discuss (1) the challenges with antibody usage and the superior qualities of nanobodies; (2) the use of antibodies and nanobodies in cancer imaging, diagnosis, drug delivery and therapy (surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and immunotherapy); and (3) the potential improvements in oncology practices due to the use of nanobodies as compared to antibodies.
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8
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Yu S, Xiong G, Zhao S, Tang Y, Tang H, Wang K, Liu H, Lan K, Bi X, Duan S. Nanobodies targeting immune checkpoint molecules for tumor immunotherapy and immunoimaging (Review). Int J Mol Med 2020; 47:444-454. [PMID: 33416134 PMCID: PMC7797440 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2020.4817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The immune checkpoint blockade is an effective strategy to enhance the anti-tumor T cell effector activity, thus becoming one of the most promising immunotherapeutic strategies in the history of cancer treatment. Several immune checkpoint inhibitor have been approved by the FDA, such as anti-CTLA-4, anti-PD-1, anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibodies. Most tumor patients benefitted from these antibodies, but some of the patients did not respond to them. To increase the effectiveness of immunotherapy, including immune checkpoint blockade therapies, miniaturization of antibodies has been introduced. A single-domain antibody, also known as nanobody, is an attractive reagent for immunotherapy and immunoimaging thanks to its unique structural characteristic consisting of a variable region of a single heavy chain antibody. This structure confers to the nanobody a light molecular weight, making it smaller than conventional antibodies, although remaining able to bind to a specific antigen. Therefore, this review summarizes the production of nanobodies targeting immune checkpoint molecules and the application of nanobodies targeting immune checkpoint molecules in immunotherapy and immunoimaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Yu
- Department of Medicine, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 545005, P.R. China
| | - Gui Xiong
- Department of Medicine, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 545005, P.R. China
| | - Shimei Zhao
- Department of Medicine, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 545005, P.R. China
| | - Yanbo Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 545001, P.R. China
| | - Hua Tang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 545006, P.R. China
| | - Kaili Wang
- Department of Medicine, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 545005, P.R. China
| | - Hongjing Liu
- Department of Medicine, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 545005, P.R. China
| | - Ke Lan
- Department of Medicine, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 545005, P.R. China
| | - Xiongjie Bi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 545001, P.R. China
| | - Siliang Duan
- Department of Medicine, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 545005, P.R. China
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9
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Silva-Pilipich N, Martisova E, Ballesteros-Briones MC, Hervas-Stubbs S, Casares N, González-Sapienza G, Smerdou C, Vanrell L. Long-Term Systemic Expression of a Novel PD-1 Blocking Nanobody from an AAV Vector Provides Antitumor Activity without Toxicity. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8120562. [PMID: 33276580 PMCID: PMC7761623 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8120562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade using monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) able to block programmed death-1 (PD-1)/PD-L1 axis represents a promising treatment for cancer. However, it requires repetitive systemic administration of high mAbs doses, often leading to adverse effects. We generated a novel nanobody against PD-1 (Nb11) able to block PD-1/PD-L1 interaction for both mouse and human molecules. Nb11 was cloned into an adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector downstream of four different promoters (CMV, CAG, EF1α, and SFFV) and its expression was analyzed in cells from rodent (BHK) and human origin (Huh-7). Nb11 was expressed at high levels in vitro reaching 2–20 micrograms/mL with all promoters, except SFFV, which showed lower levels. Nb11 in vivo expression was evaluated in C57BL/6 mice after intravenous administration of AAV8 vectors. Nb11 serum levels increased steadily along time, reaching 1–3 microgram/mL two months post-treatment with the vector having the CAG promoter (AAV-CAG-Nb11), without evidence of toxicity. To test the antitumor potential of this vector, mice that received AAV-CAG-Nb11, or saline as control, were challenged with colon adenocarcinoma cells (MC38). AAV-CAG-Nb11 treatment prevented tumor formation in 30% of mice, significantly increasing survival. These data suggest that continuous expression of immunomodulatory nanobodies from long-term expression vectors could have antitumor effects with low toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelia Silva-Pilipich
- Division of Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression, Cima Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (N.S.-P.); (E.M.); (M.C.B.-B.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdISNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (S.H.-S.); (N.C.)
- Cátedra de Inmunología, DEPBIO, Facultad de Química, Instituto de Higiene, UDELAR, 11600 Montevideo, Uruguay;
| | - Eva Martisova
- Division of Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression, Cima Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (N.S.-P.); (E.M.); (M.C.B.-B.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdISNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (S.H.-S.); (N.C.)
| | - María Cristina Ballesteros-Briones
- Division of Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression, Cima Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (N.S.-P.); (E.M.); (M.C.B.-B.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdISNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (S.H.-S.); (N.C.)
| | - Sandra Hervas-Stubbs
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdISNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (S.H.-S.); (N.C.)
- Division of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Noelia Casares
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdISNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (S.H.-S.); (N.C.)
- Division of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Gualberto González-Sapienza
- Cátedra de Inmunología, DEPBIO, Facultad de Química, Instituto de Higiene, UDELAR, 11600 Montevideo, Uruguay;
| | - Cristian Smerdou
- Division of Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression, Cima Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (N.S.-P.); (E.M.); (M.C.B.-B.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdISNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (S.H.-S.); (N.C.)
- Correspondence: (C.S.); (L.V.); Tel.: +34-948194700 (C.S.); +598-29021505 (L.V.)
| | - Lucia Vanrell
- Cátedra de Inmunología, DEPBIO, Facultad de Química, Instituto de Higiene, UDELAR, 11600 Montevideo, Uruguay;
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad ORT, 11100 Montevideo, Uruguay
- Correspondence: (C.S.); (L.V.); Tel.: +34-948194700 (C.S.); +598-29021505 (L.V.)
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Samrat SK, Tharappel AM, Li Z, Li H. Prospect of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein: Potential role in vaccine and therapeutic development. Virus Res 2020; 288:198141. [PMID: 32846196 PMCID: PMC7443330 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2020.198141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The recent outbreak of the betacoronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has become a significant concern to public health care worldwide. As of August 19, 2020, more than 22,140,472 people are infected, and over 781,135 people have died due to this deadly virus. In the USA alone, over 5,482,602 people are currently infected, and more than 171,823 people have died. SARS-CoV-2 has shown a higher infectivity rate and a more extended incubation period as compared to previous coronaviruses. SARS-CoV-2 binds much more strongly than SARS-CoV to the same host receptor, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). Previously, several methods to develop a vaccine against SARS-CoV or MERS-CoV have been tried with limited success. Since SARS-CoV-2 uses the spike (S) protein for entry to the host cell, it is one of the most preferred targets for making vaccines or therapeutics against SARS-CoV-2. In this review, we have summarised the characteristics of the S protein, as well as the different approaches being used for the development of vaccines and/or therapeutics based on the S protein.
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MESH Headings
- Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2
- Antibodies, Viral/biosynthesis
- Antibody-Dependent Enhancement/drug effects
- Betacoronavirus/drug effects
- Betacoronavirus/immunology
- Betacoronavirus/pathogenicity
- COVID-19
- COVID-19 Vaccines
- Clinical Trials as Topic
- Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology
- Coronavirus Infections/immunology
- Coronavirus Infections/prevention & control
- Coronavirus Infections/virology
- Genetic Vectors/chemistry
- Genetic Vectors/immunology
- Humans
- Immunogenicity, Vaccine
- Pandemics/prevention & control
- Patient Safety
- Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A/genetics
- Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A/immunology
- Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A/metabolism
- Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology
- Pneumonia, Viral/immunology
- Pneumonia, Viral/prevention & control
- Pneumonia, Viral/virology
- Receptors, Virus/genetics
- Receptors, Virus/immunology
- Receptors, Virus/metabolism
- SARS-CoV-2
- Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/genetics
- Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology
- Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/metabolism
- Vaccines, Attenuated
- Vaccines, DNA
- Vaccines, Subunit
- Vaccines, Virus-Like Particle/administration & dosage
- Vaccines, Virus-Like Particle/biosynthesis
- Vaccines, Virus-Like Particle/immunology
- Viral Vaccines/administration & dosage
- Viral Vaccines/biosynthesis
- Viral Vaccines/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Subodh Kumar Samrat
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, 120 New Scotland Ave, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Anil M Tharappel
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, 120 New Scotland Ave, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Zhong Li
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, 120 New Scotland Ave, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Hongmin Li
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, 120 New Scotland Ave, Albany, NY 12208, USA; Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Public Health, University at Albany, 1 University Place, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA.
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Yang EY, Shah K. Nanobodies: Next Generation of Cancer Diagnostics and Therapeutics. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1182. [PMID: 32793488 PMCID: PMC7390931 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of targeted medicine has greatly expanded treatment options and spurred new research avenues in cancer therapeutics, with monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) emerging as a prevalent treatment in recent years. With mixed clinical success, mAbs still hold significant shortcomings, as they possess limited tumor penetration, high manufacturing costs, and the potential to develop therapeutic resistance. However, the recent discovery of “nanobodies,” the smallest-known functional antibody fragment, has demonstrated significant translational potential in preclinical and clinical studies. This review highlights their various applications in cancer and analyzes their trajectory toward their translation into the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Y Yang
- Center for Stem Cell Therapeutics and Imaging, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Departments of Neurosurgery, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Khalid Shah
- Center for Stem Cell Therapeutics and Imaging, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Departments of Neurosurgery, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States
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