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Varela Z, Real C, Branquinho C, do Paço TA, Cruz de Carvalho R. Optimising Artificial Moss Growth for Environmental Studies in the Mediterranean Area. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:plants10112523. [PMID: 34834885 PMCID: PMC8623257 DOI: 10.3390/plants10112523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Bryophytes are poikilohydric organisms that play a key role in ecosystems, while some of them are also resistant to drought and environmental disturbances but present a slow growth rate. Moss culture in the laboratory can be a very useful tool for ecological restoration or the development of urban green spaces (roof and wall) in the Mediterranean region. Therefore, we aim to: (i) determine the optimal culture conditions for the growth of four moss species present in the Mediterranean climate, such as Bryum argenteum, Hypnum cupressiforme, Tortella nitida, and Tortella squarrosa; (ii) study the optimal growth conditions of the invasive moss Campylopus introflexus to find out if it can be a threat to native species. Photoperiod does not seem to cause any recognisable pattern in moss growth. However, temperature produces more linear but slower growth at 15 °C than at 20 and 25 °C. In addition, the lower temperature produced faster maximum cover values within 5-8 weeks, with at least 60% of the culture area covered. The study concludes that the culture of moss artificially in the organic gardening substrate without fertilisers is feasible and could be of great help for further use in environmental projects to restore degraded ecosystems or to facilitate urban green spaces in the Mediterranean area. Moreover, this study concludes that C. introflexus could successfully occupy the niche of other native moss species, especially in degraded areas, in a future global change scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zulema Varela
- CRETUS, Ecology Unit, Department Functional Biology, Facultade de Bioloxía, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c), Faculdade de Ciências, University of Lisbon, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal; (C.B.); (R.C.d.C.)
| | - Carlos Real
- Ecology Unit, Department Functional Biology, Escola Politécnica Superior de Enxeñaría (EPSE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Rúa Benigno Ledo, Campus Terra, 27002 Lugo, Spain;
| | - Cristina Branquinho
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c), Faculdade de Ciências, University of Lisbon, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal; (C.B.); (R.C.d.C.)
| | - Teresa Afonso do Paço
- LEAF—Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food—Research Center, Associated Laboratory TERRA, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - Ricardo Cruz de Carvalho
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c), Faculdade de Ciências, University of Lisbon, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal; (C.B.); (R.C.d.C.)
- Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre (MARE), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Edifício C2, Piso 5, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
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Biodiversity potential of burial places – a review on the flora and fauna of cemeteries and churchyards. Glob Ecol Conserv 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2019.e00614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Żarnowiec J, Stebel A, Chmura D. Thirty-year invasion of the alien moss Campylopus introflexus (Hedw.) Brid. in Poland (East-Central Europe). Biol Invasions 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-018-1818-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Gama R, Aguirre-Gutiérrez J, Stech M. Ecological niche comparison and molecular phylogeny segregate the invasive moss species Campylopus introflexus (Leucobryaceae, Bryophyta) from its closest relatives. Ecol Evol 2017; 7:8017-8031. [PMID: 29043053 PMCID: PMC5632621 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.3301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Revised: 07/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The delimitation of the invasive moss species Campylopus introflexus from its closest relative, Campylopus pilifer, has been long debated based on morphology. Previous molecular phylogenetic reconstructions based on the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacers (ITS) 1 and 2 showed that C. pilifer is split into an Old World and a New World lineage, but remained partly inconclusive concerning the relationships between these two clades and C. introflexus. Analyses of an extended ITS dataset displayed statistically supported incongruence between ITS1 and ITS2. ITS1 separates the New World clade of C. pilifer from a clade comprising C. introflexus and the Old World C. pilifer. Ancestral state reconstruction showed that this topology is morphologically supported by differences in the height of the dorsal costal lamellae in leaf cross-section (despite some overlap). ITS2, in contrast, supports the current morphological species concept, i.e., separating C. introflexus from C. pilifer, which is morphologically supported by the orientation of the hyaline hair point at leaf apex as well as costal lamellae height. Re-analysis of published and newly generated plastid atpB-rbcL spacer sequences supported the three ITS lineages. Ecological niche modeling proved a useful approach and showed that all three molecular lineages occupy distinct environmental spaces that are similar, but undoubtedly not equivalent. In line with the ITS1 topology, the C. pilifer lineage from the New World occupies the most distinct environmental niche, whereas the niches of Old World C. pilifer and C. introflexus are very similar. Taking the inferences from ecological niche comparisons, phylogenetics, and morphology together, we conclude that all three molecular lineages represent different taxa that should be recognized as independent species, viz. C. introflexus, C. pilifer (Old World clade), and the reinstated C. lamellatus Mont. (New World clade).
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Affiliation(s)
- Renato Gama
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center Leiden The Netherlands.,Leiden University Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Jesús Aguirre-Gutiérrez
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center Leiden The Netherlands.,Environmental Change Institute School of Geography and the Environment University of Oxford Oxford UK.,Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED) University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Michael Stech
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center Leiden The Netherlands.,Leiden University Leiden The Netherlands
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Larraín J. The mosses (Bryophyta) of Capitán Prat Province, Aisén Region, southern Chile. PHYTOKEYS 2016; 68:91-116. [PMID: 27698577 PMCID: PMC5029133 DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.68.9181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The bryophytes of Capitán Prat province have remained one of the least explored in Chile. The eventual construction of several dams on the rivers Baker and Pascua required prospection of all groups of organisms including bryophytes, work that was facilitated by the recent construction of vehicular roads that now offer easy access to previously almost unaccessible locations. The results of intense bryophyte collecting during the austral summer of 2007 are here presented. A total of 260 moss taxa are reported for the province, corresponding to 256 species and four infraspecific taxa, of which 211 are new records for the province, 54 are new for Aisén Region, and two are new records for continental Chile (Pohlia longicollis (Hedw.) Lindb. and Rigodium toxarion var. robustum (Broth.) Zomlefer). Twelve species extend their known distribution ranges to the north, whereas 49 extend them to the south.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Larraín
- Instituto de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Campus Curauma, Av. Universidad 330, Curauma, Valparaíso, Chile
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Burge DO, Thorne JH, Harrison SP, O'Brien BC, Rebman JP, Shevock JR, Alverson ER, Hardison LK, RodrÍguez JD, Junak SA, Oberbauer TA, Riemann H, Vanderplank SE, Barry T. PLANT DIVERSITY AND ENDEMISM IN THE CALIFORNIA FLORISTIC PROVINCE. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.3120/madr-63-02-3-206.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Rabitsch W, Genovesi P, Scalera R, Biała K, Josefsson M, Essl F. Developing and testing alien species indicators for Europe. J Nat Conserv 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2015.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Non-native and native organisms moving into high elevation and high latitude ecosystems in an era of climate change: new challenges for ecology and conservation. Biol Invasions 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-015-1025-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Pehle A, Schirmel J. Moss invasion in a dune ecosystem influences ground-dwelling arthropod community structure and reduces soil biological activity. Biol Invasions 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-015-0971-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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