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Reddy GKK, Kavibharathi K, Singh A, Nancharaiah YV. Growth-dependent cr(VI) reduction by Alteromonas sp. ORB2 under haloalkaline conditions: toxicity, removal mechanism and effect of heavy metals. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 40:165. [PMID: 38630187 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-024-03982-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Bacterial reduction of hexavalent chromium (VI) to chromium (III) is a sustainable bioremediation approach. However, the Cr(VI) containing wastewaters are often characterized with complex conditions such as high salt, alkaline pH and heavy metals which severely impact the growth and Cr(VI) reduction potential of microorganisms. This study investigated Cr(VI) reduction under complex haloalkaline conditions by an Alteromonas sp. ORB2 isolated from aerobic granular sludge cultivated from the seawater-microbiome. Optimum growth of Alteromonas sp. ORB2 was observed under haloalkaline conditions at 3.5-9.5% NaCl and pH 7-11. The bacterial growth in normal culture conditions (3.5% NaCl; pH 7.6) was not inhibited by 100 mg/l Cr(VI)/ As(V)/ Pb(II), 50 mg/l Cu(II) or 5 mg/l Cd(II). Near complete reduction of 100 mg/l Cr(VI) was achieved within 24 h at 3.5-7.5% NaCl and pH 8-11. Cr(VI) reduction by Alteromonas sp. ORB2 was not inhibited by 100 mg/L As(V), 100 mg/L Pb(II), 50 mg/L Cu(II) or 5 mg/L Cd(II). The bacterial cells grew in the medium with 100 mg/l Cr(VI) contained lower esterase activity and higher reactive oxygen species levels indicating toxicity and oxidative stress. In-spite of toxicity, the cells grew and reduced 100 mg/l Cr(VI) completely within 24 h. Cr(VI) removal from the medium was driven by bacterial reduction to Cr(III) which remained in the complex medium. Cr(VI) reduction was strongly linked to aerobic growth of Alteromonas sp. The Cr(VI) reductase activity of cytosolic protein fraction was pronounced by supplementing with NADPH in vitro assays. This study demonstrated a growth-dependent aerobic Cr(VI) reduction by Alteromonas sp. ORB2 under complex haloalkaline conditions akin to wastewaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Kiran Kumar Reddy
- Biofouling and Biofilm Processes Section, WSCD, Chemistry Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Kalpakkam, 603102, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, BARC Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400094, India
| | - K Kavibharathi
- Biofouling and Biofilm Processes Section, WSCD, Chemistry Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Kalpakkam, 603102, India
| | - Anuroop Singh
- Biofouling and Biofilm Processes Section, WSCD, Chemistry Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Kalpakkam, 603102, India
| | - Y V Nancharaiah
- Biofouling and Biofilm Processes Section, WSCD, Chemistry Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Kalpakkam, 603102, India.
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, BARC Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400094, India.
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2
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Huo X, Zhou Z, Liu H, Wang G, Shi K. A PadR family transcriptional repressor regulates the transcription of chromate efflux transporter in Enterobacter sp. Z1. J Microbiol 2024:10.1007/s12275-024-00117-0. [PMID: 38587592 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-024-00117-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Chromium is a prevalent toxic heavy metal, and chromate [Cr(VI)] exhibits high mutagenicity and carcinogenicity. The presence of the Cr(VI) efflux protein ChrA has been identified in strains exhibiting resistance to Cr(VI). Nevertheless, certain strains of bacteria that are resistant to Cr(VI) lack the presence of ChrB, a known regulatory factor. Here, a PadR family transcriptional repressor, ChrN, has been identified as a regulator in the response of Enterobacter sp. Z1(CCTCC NO: M 2019147) to Cr(VI). The chrN gene is cotranscribed with the chrA gene, and the transcriptional expression of this operon is induced by Cr(VI). The binding capacity of the ChrN protein to Cr(VI) was demonstrated by both the tryptophan fluorescence assay and Ni-NTA purification assay. The interaction between ChrN and the chrAN operon promoter was validated by reporter gene assay and electrophoretic mobility shift assay. Mutation of the conserved histidine residues His14 and His50 resulted in loss of ChrN binding with the promoter of the chrAN operon. This observation implies that these residues are crucial for establishing a DNA-binding site. These findings demonstrate that ChrN functions as a transcriptional repressor, modulating the cellular response of strain Z1 to Cr(VI) exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqi Huo
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Zijie Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongliang Liu
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255000, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Gejiao Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaixiang Shi
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China.
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3
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Li ZT, Song X, Yuan S, Zhao HP. Unveiling the inhibitory mechanisms of chromium exposure on microbial reductive dechlorination: Kinetics and microbial responses. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 253:121328. [PMID: 38382292 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Chromium and organochlorine solvents, particularly trichloroethene (TCE), are pervasive co-existing contaminants in subsurface aquifers due to their extensive industrial use and improper disposal practices. In this study, we investigated the microbial dechlorination kinetics under different TCE-Cr(Ⅲ/VI) composite pollution conditions and elucidated microbial response mechanisms based on community shift patterns and metagenomic analysis. Our results revealed that the reductive dechlorinating consortium had high resistance to Cr(III) but extreme sensitivity to Cr(VI) disturbance, resulting in a persistent inhibitory effect on subsequent dechlorination. Interestingly, the vinyl chloride-respiring organohalide-respiring bacteria (OHRB) was notably more susceptible to Cr(III/VI) exposure than the trichloroethene-respiring one, possibly due to inferior competition for growth substrates, such as electron donors. In terms of synergistic non-OHRB populations, Cr(III/VI) exposure had limited impacts on lactate fermentation but significantly interfered with H2-producing acetogenesis, leading to inhibited microbial dechlorination due to electron donor deficiencies. However, this inhibition can be effectively mitigated by the amendment of exogenous H2 supply. Furthermore, being the predominant OHRB, Dehalococcoides have inherent Cr(VI) resistance defects and collaborate with synergistic non-OHRB populations to achieve concurrent bio-detoxication of Cr(VI) and TCE. Our findings expand the understanding of the response patterns of different functional populations towards Cr(III/VI) stress, and provide valuable insights for the development of in situ bioremediation strategies for sites co-contaminated with chloroethene and chromium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Tao Li
- MOE Key Lab of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310030, PR China
| | - Xin Song
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China
| | - Songhu Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, No. 68 Jincheng Street, East Lake High-Tech Development Zone, Wuhan 430078, PR China
| | - He-Ping Zhao
- MOE Key Lab of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310030, PR China.
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4
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Wu C, Zhou J, Pang S, Yang L, Lichtfouse E, Liu H, Xia S, Rittmann BE. Reduction and precipitation of chromium(VI) using a palladized membrane biofilm reactor. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 249:120878. [PMID: 38007896 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
H2-driven reduction of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) using precious-metal catalysts is promising, but its implementation in water treatment has been restricted by poor H2-transfer efficiency and high catalyst loss. We investigated the reduction of Cr(VI) through hydrogenation catalyzed by elemental-palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs) generated in-situ within biofilm of a membrane biofilm reactor (MBfR), creating a Pd-MBfR. Experiments were conducted using a Pd-MBfR and a non-Pd MBfR. The Pd-MBfR achieved Cr(VI) (1000 μg L-1) reduction of >99 % and reduced the concentration of total Cr to below 50 μg L-1, much lower than the total Cr concentration in the non-Pd MBfR effluent (290 μg L-1). The Pd-MBfR also had a lower concentration of dissolved organic compounds compared to the non-Pd MBfR, which minimized the formation of soluble organo-Cr(III) complexes and promoted precipitation of Cr(OH)3. Solid-state characterizations documented deposition of Cr(OH)3 as the product of Cr(VI) reduction in the Pd-MBfR. Metagenomic analyses revealed that the addition and reduction of Cr(VI) had minimal impact on the microbial community (dominated by Dechloromonas) and functional genes in the biofilm of the Pd-MBfR, since the PdNP-catalyzed reduction process was rapid. This study documented efficient Cr(VI) reduction and precipitation of Cr(OH)3 by the Pd-MBfR technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyang Wu
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingzhou Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Si Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Eric Lichtfouse
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, IRD, INRA, Coll France, CEREGE, Aix-en-Provence 13100, France
| | - Hongbo Liu
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, China.
| | - Siqing Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Bruce E Rittmann
- Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, 727 Tyler Road, Tempe, USA
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Li T, Du D, Li C, Zhao J, Guo L, Wang X, Zhao J, Xiang W. Investigation on Cr(VI)-bioreduction mechanism and reduction products by a novel Microbacterium sp. strain NEAU-W11. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 343:140232. [PMID: 37734508 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Cr(VI) widely exists in the environment and has highly toxic, carcinogenic and mutagenic effects on all organisms. Physical/chemical methods to remove chromium pollution are economically expensive and have disadvantages like high reagent consumption, energy requirements and so on, while bioremediation is an eco-friendly, simple and cost-effective way. In this study, a novel Cr(VI)-reducing strain, Microbacterium sp. NEAU-W11, was reported, and its reduction mechanism was investigated. Microbacterium sp. NEAU-W11 could effectively degrade Cr(VI) under the conditions of pH 7-10, 15-35 °C, and the coexistence of metal pollutants such as Pb and Ni, etc. In addition, both Fe3+ and Cu2+ could improve the reducing ability of strain NEAU-W11, and glucose and lactose as electron donors also had promoting effect. Heat treatment of resting cells confirmed that chromium removal was not biological sorption but biological reduction. The active reductase of strain NEAU-W11 to chromium(VI) mainly existed in the cell cytoplasm, which is the first report in the genus Microbacterium. Micro-characterization of strain NEAU-W11 and the reduction products identified the reduction products as Cr(III)-ligand complexes bound to extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). Collectively, this study systematically investigated the degradation mechanism of Microbacterium sp. NEAU-W11 and the distribution of degradation product Cr(III), providing a new reduction mechanism for the genus Microbacterium, providing a new perspective for a comprehensive understanding of the degradation and transport of chromium by bacteria, and providing theoretical reference for the migration of metal ions in environmental governance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Li
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 59 Mucai Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Dandan Du
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 59 Mucai Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenxu Li
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 59 Mucai Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Junlei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 59 Mucai Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Lifeng Guo
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 59 Mucai Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangjing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 59 Mucai Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Junwei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 59 Mucai Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wensheng Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 59 Mucai Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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6
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Harboul K, El Aabedy A, Hammani K, El-Karkouri A. Reduction of hexavalent chromium using Bacillus safensis isolated from an abandoned mine. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2023:1-17. [PMID: 37671659 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2023.2256457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
The present work focused on the isolation of a bacterial strain multi-resistant to heavy metals with a high potential for reducing hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) and studied its Cr(VI) removal performance in immobilized state and the mechanisms involved. Bacterial isolate was identified as Bacillus safensis CCMM B629 (B. safensis), is able to completely reduce 50, 100 and 200 mg/L of Cr(VI) after 24, 48 and 120 h, respectively under optimized conditions of pH 7 and 30°C. The coexistence of nitrates, cadmium and mercury inhibits reduction, while copper and iron significantly improve removal efficiencies. Additionally, the presence of electron donors such as glycerol, glucose and citrate significantly increases bioreduction rate. Cells immobilized in alginate beads successfully reduced Cr(VI) compared to free cells, showing the performance of biobeads in Cr(VI) reduction. Membrane fraction exhibited highest rate of Cr(VI) reduction (65%) compared to other cellular components, indicating that Cr(VI) reduction occurred primarily in cell membrane. Further characterization of Cr(VI) removal by B. safensis cells using scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX) analysis showed its ability to reduce and adsorb Cr(VI), confirming that hexavalent chromium was taken up successfully on bacterial cell surfaces. Based on Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis (FTIR), hydroxyl, carboxyl, amide, and phosphoryl functional groups participated in combination with Cr(III). In conclusion, B. safensis is a bacterium with great potential for Cr(VI) removal, and it is a promising and competitive strain for use in bioremediation of Cr(VI) contaminated industrial effluents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaoutar Harboul
- Natural Resources and Environment Laboratory, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Taza, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
| | - Amal El Aabedy
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Bioactive Molecules, Sciences and Technologies Faculty, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
| | - Khalil Hammani
- Natural Resources and Environment Laboratory, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Taza, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
| | - Abdenbi El-Karkouri
- Biotechnology, Environment, Agri-Food and Health Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Dhar el Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
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Huang Y, Tang J, Zhang B, Long ZE, Ni H, Fu X, Zou L. Influencing factors and mechanism of Cr(VI) reduction by facultative anaerobic Exiguobacterium sp. PY14. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1242410. [PMID: 37637125 PMCID: PMC10449125 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1242410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbial reduction is an effective way to deal with hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] contamination in the environment, which can significantly mitigate the biotoxicity and migration of this pollutant. The present study investigated the influence of environmental factors on aqueous Cr(VI) removal by a newly isolated facultative anaerobic bacterium, Exiguobacterium sp. PY14, and revealed the reduction mechanism. This strain with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 400 mg/L showed the strongest Cr(VI) removal capacity at pH 8.0 because of its basophilic nature, which was obviously depressed by increasing the Cr(VI) initial concentration under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. In contrast, the removal rate constant for 50 mg/L of Cr(VI) under anaerobic conditions (1.82 × 10-2 h-1) was 3.3 times that under aerobic conditions. The co-existence of Fe(III) and Cu(II) significantly promoted the removal of Cr(VI), while Ag(I), Pb(II), Zn(II), and Cd(II) inhibited it. Electron-shuttling organics such as riboflavin, humic acid, and anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate promoted the Cr(VI) removal to varying degrees, and the enhancement was more significant under anaerobic conditions. The removal of aqueous Cr(VI) by strain PY14 was demonstrated to be due to cytoplasmic rather than extracellular reduction by analyzing the contributions of different cell components, and the end products existed in the aqueous solution in the form of organo-Cr(III) complexes. Several possible genes involved in Cr(VI) metabolism, including chrR and chrA that encode well-known Chr family proteins responsible for chromate reduction and transport, respectively, were identified in the genome of PY14, which further clarified the Cr(VI) reduction pathway of this strain. The research progress in the influence of crucial environmental factors and biological reduction mechanisms will help promote the potential application of Exiguobacterium sp. PY14 with high adaptability to environmental stress in Cr(VI) removal in the actual environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhong Huang
- Nanchang Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Exploitation and Utilization from Poyang Lake Wetland, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jie Tang
- Nanchang Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Exploitation and Utilization from Poyang Lake Wetland, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Bei Zhang
- College of Art and Design, Jiangxi Institute of Fashion Technology, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhong-Er Long
- Nanchang Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Exploitation and Utilization from Poyang Lake Wetland, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Haiyan Ni
- Nanchang Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Exploitation and Utilization from Poyang Lake Wetland, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xueqin Fu
- Nanchang Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Exploitation and Utilization from Poyang Lake Wetland, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Long Zou
- Nanchang Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Exploitation and Utilization from Poyang Lake Wetland, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
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Luo Y, Pang J, Peng C, Ye J, Long B, Tong J, Shi J. Cr(VI) Reduction and Fe(II) Regeneration by Penicillium oxalicum SL2-Enhanced Nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023. [PMID: 37474249 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c01390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) faces significant challenges in Cr(VI) remediation through aggregation and passivation. This study identified a Cr(VI)-resistant filamentous fungus (Penicillium oxalicum SL2) for nZVI activation and elucidated the synergistic mechanism in chromium remediation. P. oxalicum SL2 and nZVI synergistically and effectively removed Cr(VI), mainly by extracellular nonenzymatic reduction (89.1%). P. oxalicum SL2 exhibited marked iron precipitate solubilization and Fe(II) regeneration capabilities. The existence of the Fe(II)-Cr(V)-oxalate complex (HCrFeC4O9) indicated that in addition to directly reducing Cr(VI), iron ions generated by nZVI stimulated Cr(VI) reduction by organic acids secreted by P. oxalicum SL2. RNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis revealed that P. oxalicum SL2 inhibited phosphate transport channels to suppress Cr(VI) transport, facilitated iron and siderophore transport to store Fe, activated the glyoxylate cycle to survive harsh environments, and enhanced organic acid and riboflavin secretion to reduce Cr(VI). Cr(VI) exposure also stimulated the antioxidative system, promoting catalase activity and maintaining the intracellular thiol/disulfide balance. Cr(VI)/Fe(III) reductases played crucial roles in the intracellular reduction of chromium and iron, while nZVI decreased cellular oxidative stress and alleviated Cr(VI) toxicity to P. oxalicum SL2. Overall, the P. oxalicum SL2-nZVI synergistic system is a promising approach for regenerating Fe(II) while reducing Cr(VI).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yating Luo
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jingli Pang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jien Ye
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Bibo Long
- Institute of Biological and Medical Engineering, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510316, China
| | - Jianhao Tong
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jiyan Shi
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Salam LB, Obayori OS, Ilori MO, Amund OO. Chromium contamination accentuates changes in the microbiome and heavy metal resistome of a tropical agricultural soil. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 39:228. [PMID: 37338635 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03681-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
The impacts of hexavalent chromium (Cr) contamination on the microbiome, soil physicochemistry, and heavy metal resistome of a tropical agricultural soil were evaluated for 6 weeks in field-moist microcosms consisting of a Cr-inundated agricultural soil (SL9) and an untreated control (SL7). The physicochemistry of the two microcosms revealed a diminution in the total organic matter content and a significant dip in macronutrients phosphorus, potassium, and nitrogen concentration in the SL9 microcosm. Heavy metals analysis revealed the detection of seven heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Fe, Cd, Se, Pb, Cr) in the agricultural soil (SL7), whose concentrations drastically reduced in the SL9 microcosm. Illumina shotgun sequencing of the DNA extracted from the two microcosms showed the preponderance of the phyla, classes, genera, and species of Actinobacteria (33.11%), Actinobacteria_class (38.20%), Candidatus Saccharimonas (11.67%), and Candidatus Saccharimonas aalborgensis (19.70%) in SL7, and Proteobacteria (47.52%), Betaproteobacteria (22.88%), Staphylococcus (16.18%), Staphylococcus aureus (9.76%) in SL9, respectively. Functional annotation of the two metagenomes for heavy metal resistance genes revealed diverse heavy metal resistomes involved in the uptake, transport, efflux, and detoxification of various heavy metals. It also revealed the exclusive detection in SL9 metagenome of resistance genes for chromium (chrB, chrF, chrR, nfsA, yieF), cadmium (czcB/czrB, czcD), and iron (fbpB, yqjH, rcnA, fetB, bfrA, fecE) not annotated in SL7 metagenome. The findings from this study revealed that Cr contamination induces significant shifts in the soil microbiome and heavy metal resistome, alters the soil physicochemistry, and facilitates the loss of prominent members of the microbiome not adapted to Cr stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lateef Babatunde Salam
- Department of Biological Sciences, Microbiology unit, Elizade University, Ilara-Mokin, Ondo State, Nigeria.
| | | | - Matthew O Ilori
- Department of Microbiology, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Olukayode O Amund
- Department of Microbiology, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria
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Akkurt Ş, Alkan Uçkun A, Varınca K, Uçkun M. Ability of Cupriavidus necator H16 to resist, bioremove, and accumulate some hazardous metal ions in water. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2023; 87:3017-3030. [PMID: 37387427 PMCID: wst_2023_188 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2023.188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial biomasses are suitable and inexpensive biosorbents for the removal of metal ions. The Gram-negative betaproteobacterium Cupriavidus necator H16 is found in soil and freshwater environments. In this study, C. necator H16 was used to remove chromium (Cr), arsenic (As), aluminum (Al), and cadmium (Cd) ions from water. Minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) values of C. necator to Cr, As, Al, and Cd were found as 76, 69, 341, and 275 mg/L, respectively. The highest rates of Cr, As, Al, and Cd bioremoval were 45, 60, 54, and 78%, respectively. pH levels between 6.0 and 8.0 and an average temperature of 30 °C were optimum for the most efficient bioremoval. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of Cd-treated cells showed that the morphology of the cells was significantly impaired compared to the control. Shifts in the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis (FTIR) spectra of the Cd-treated cell walls also confirmed the presence of active groups. As a result, it can be said that C. necator H16 has a moderate bioremoval efficiency for Cr, As, and Al and a high bioremoval efficiency for Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Şeyma Akkurt
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Adıyaman University, Adıyaman, Turkey E-mail:
| | - Aysel Alkan Uçkun
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Adıyaman University, Adıyaman, Turkey
| | - Kamil Varınca
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Adıyaman University, Adıyaman, Turkey
| | - Miraç Uçkun
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Adıyaman University, Adıyaman, Turkey
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11
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Nie M, Cai M, Wu C, Li S, Chen S, Shi G, Wang X, Hu C, Xie J, Tang Y, Zhang H, Zhao X. Selenium-mediated Cr(VI) reduction and SeNPs synthesis accelerated Bacillus cereus SES to remediate Cr contamination. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 457:131713. [PMID: 37301074 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Microbial biotransformation of Cr(VI) is a sustainable approach to reduce Cr(VI) toxicity and remediate Cr(VI) contamination. In this study, Bacillus cereus SES with the capability of reducing both Cr(VI) and Se(IV) was isolated, and the effect of Se supplementation on Cr(VI) reduction by Bacillus cereus SES was investigated. Se(IV) addition enabled 2.6-fold faster Cr(VI) reduction, while B. cereus SES reduced 96.96% Se(IV) and produced more selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) in the presence of Cr(VI). Co-reduction products of B. cereus SES on Cr(VI) and Se(IV) were SeNPs adsorbed with Cr(III). The relevant mechanisms were further revealed by proteomics. Se(IV) supplementation mediated the synthesis of Cr(VI) reductants and stress-resistant substances, thus enhancing Cr(VI) resistance and promoting Cr(VI) reduction. Meanwhile, high Se(IV) reduction rate was associated with Cr(VI)-induced electron transport processes, and Cr(VI) mediated the up-regulation of flagellar assembly, protein export and ABC transporters pathways to synthesis and export more SeNPs. Furthermore, Se combined with B. cereus SES had the potential to reduce the toxicity of Cr(VI) via reducing the bioavailability of Cr and improving the bioavailability of Se in soil. Results suggested that Se could be an efficient strategy to enhance the remediation of B. cereus SES on Cr contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources and Environment Monitoring & Sustainable Management and Utilization, Sanming University, Sanming 365004, China
| | - Miaomiao Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chihhung Wu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources and Environment Monitoring & Sustainable Management and Utilization, Sanming University, Sanming 365004, China
| | - Shiqian Li
- Fujian Provincial Key Lab of Coastal Basin Environment, Fujian Polytechnic Normal University, Fuqing 350300, China
| | - Suhua Chen
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Heavy Metals Pollutants Control and Resource Utilization, Nanchang 330063, China
| | - Guangyu Shi
- College of Environment Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Institute of Quality Standard and Monitoring Technology for Agro-products of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Chengxiao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jiatao Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yanni Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiaohu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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12
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Aththanayake AMKCB, Rathnayake IVN, Deeyamulla MP, Megharaj M. Staphylococcus edaphicus KCB02A11 incorporated with natural adsorbents: first report on its tolerance and removal of hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)]. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 39:173. [PMID: 37115249 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03614-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Deteriorating the quality of different parts of the ecosystem due to toxic metals is a serious global issue. Hexavalent chromium is a metal that can cause adverse effects on all living beings, including plants, animals, and microorganisms, on exposure to high concentrations for prolonged periods. Removing hexavalent chromium from various types of wastes is challenging; hence the present study investigated the use of bacteria incorporated with selected natural substrates in removing hexavalent chromium from water. Isolated Staphylococcus edaphicus KCB02A11 has shown higher removal efficiency with a wide hexavalent chromium range (0.025-8.5 mg/L) within 96 h. Incorporating the isolated strain with natural substrates commonly found in the environment (hay and wood husk) showed high removal potential [100% removal with 8.5 mg/L of Cr(VI)], even within less than 72 h, with the formation of biofilms on the used substrates applied for metal removal on a large scale for prolonged periods. This study is the first report investigating hexavalent chromium tolerance and removal by Staphylococcus edaphicus KCB02A11.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M K C B Aththanayake
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Kelaniya, Kelaniya, 11600, Sri Lanka
| | - I V N Rathnayake
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Kelaniya, Kelaniya, 11600, Sri Lanka.
| | - M P Deeyamulla
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kelaniya, Kelaniya, 11600, Sri Lanka
| | - Mallavarapu Megharaj
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, ATC Building, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
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13
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Zhao Y, Gao J, Zhou X, Li Z, Zhao C, Jia X, Ji M. Bio-immobilization and recovery of chromium using a denitrifying biofilm system: Identification of reaction zone, binding forms and end products. J Environ Sci (China) 2023; 126:70-80. [PMID: 36503795 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2022.03.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Chromium is an important resource in strategic metals. Different from most studies focusing on the bio-reduction of hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)], this study aims to achieve the immobilization and recovery of chromium using a sequencing batch biofilm reactor. Results showed that Cr(VI) removal efficiency remained more than 99%, and 97% of reduced Cr(III) was immobilized in the biofilm. Immobilization zone, chromium forms and extracellular polymeric substances composition changes were combined to reveal the mechanism of Cr(VI) reduction and immobilization. The chromium distribution in biofilm demonstrated that intercellular layer was the main active zone with an immobilization amount of 891.70±126.32 mg/g-VSS. The reduced products analysis confirmed that trivalent chromium [Cr(III)] chelated with carboxyl, amino and other functional groups and immobilized in the form of organic Cr(III). The digestion method realized a chromium recovery efficiency of 74.59%. This study provides an alternative method for the bioremediation and resources recovery in chromium polluted wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingxin Zhao
- School of environment Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Junzhi Gao
- School of environment Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Xu Zhou
- School of environment Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Zhouran Li
- School of environment Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Cailian Zhao
- School of environment Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Xulong Jia
- School of environment Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Min Ji
- School of environment Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
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14
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Su YQ, Min SN, Jian XY, Guo YC, He SH, Huang CY, Zhang Z, Yuan S, Chen YE. Bioreduction mechanisms of high-concentration hexavalent chromium using sulfur salts by photosynthetic bacteria. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 311:136861. [PMID: 36243096 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Eliminating "sulfur starvation" caused by competition for sulfate transporters between chromate and sulfate is crucial to enhance the content of sulfur-containing compounds and improve the tolerance and reduction capability of Cr(VI) in bacteria. In this study, the effects of sulfur salts on the Cr(VI) bioremediation and the possible mechanism were investigated in Rhodobacter sphaeroides SC01 by cell imaging, spectroscopy, and biochemical measurements. The results showed that, when the concentration of metabisulfite was 2.0 g L-1, and the initial OD600 was 0.33, the reduction rate of R. sphaeroides SC01 reached up to 91.3% for 500 mg L-1 Cr(VI) exposure at 96 h. Moreover, thiosulfate and sulfite also markedly increased the concentration of reduced Cr(VI) in R. sphaeroides SC01. Furthermore, the characterization results revealed that -OH, -CONH, -COOH, -SO3, -PO3, and -S-S- played a major role in the adsorption of Cr, and Cr(III) reduced by bacteria was bioprecipitated in the production of Cr2P3S9 and CrPS4. In addition, R. sphaeroids SC01 combined with metabisulfite significantly increased the activity of glutathione peroxidase and the content of glutathione (GSH) and total sulfhydryl while decreasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and cell death induced by Cr(VI) toxic. Overall, the results of this research revealed a highly efficient and reliable strategy for Cr(VI) removal by photosynthetic bacteria combined with sulfur salts in high-concentration Cr(VI)-contaminated wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Qiu Su
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Shuang-Nan Min
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin-Yi Jian
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuan-Cheng Guo
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shu-Hao He
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chun-Yi Huang
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shu Yuan
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang-Er Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China.
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15
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Wyszkowska J, Borowik A, Zaborowska M, Kucharski J. Sensitivity of Zea mays and Soil Microorganisms to the Toxic Effect of Chromium (VI). Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010178. [PMID: 36613625 PMCID: PMC9820705 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromium is used in many settings, and hence, it can easily enter the natural environment. It exists in several oxidation states. In soil, depending on its oxidation-reduction potential, it can occur in bivalent, trivalent or hexavalent forms. Hexavalent chromium compounds are cancerogenic to humans. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of Cr(VI) on the structure of bacteria and fungi in soil, to find out how this effect is modified by humic acids and to determine the response of Zea mays to this form of chromium. A pot experiment was conducted to answer the above questions. Zea mays was sown in natural soil and soil polluted with Cr(VI) in an amount of 60 mg kg-1 d.m. Both soils were treated with humic acids in the form of HumiAgra preparation. The ecophysiological and genetic diversity of bacteria and fungi was assayed in soil under maize (not sown with Zea mays). In addition, the following were determined: yield of maize, greenness index, index of tolerance to chromium, translocation index and accumulation of chromium in the plant. It has been determined that Cr(VI) significantly distorts the growth and development of Zea mays, while humic acids completely neutralize its toxic effect on the plant. This element had an adverse effect on the development of bacteria of the genera Cellulosimicrobium, Kaistobacter, Rhodanobacter, Rhodoplanes and Nocardioides and fungi of the genera Chaetomium and Humicola. Soil contamination with Cr(VI) significantly diminished the genetic diversity and richness of bacteria and the ecophysiological diversity of fungi. The negative impact of Cr(VI) on the diversity of bacteria and fungi was mollified by Zea mays and the application of humic acids.
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16
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Su Y, Sun S, Liu Q, Zhao C, Li L, Chen S, Chen H, Wang Y, Tang F. Characterization of the simultaneous degradation of pyrene and removal of Cr(VI) by a bacteria consortium YH. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 853:158388. [PMID: 36049693 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Microorganisms that can simultaneously remediate organic pollutants and heavy metal contamination are great significance in bioremediation. Nevertheless, reports of such microorganisms are still scarce. Here, Pseudomonas sp. YH-1 and Rhodococcus sp. YH-3 were isolated and identified, and they showed greater tolerance to hexavalent (VI) (750 and 800 mg·L-1). The constructed bacteria consortium YH (YH-1:YH-3 = 1:1) could simultaneously degrade 41.69% of pyrene (50 mg·L-1) and remove 76.67% of Cr(VI) (30 mg·L-1) within 5 days. The potential mechanism of Cr(VI) tolerance of YH was further explored by genomic and microscopic analysis. The results showed that YH responded to Cr(VI) stress mainly through efflux of Cr(VI) by chrA and copZ, chromate reduction, DNA-repaired proteases reduces ROS damage, and biosorption by carboxyl, hydroxyl, amino functional groups. Strains YH-1 and YH-3 also contained a variety of genes associated with resistance to other heavy metals, such as cadmium (czcBD), mercury (merAPTR), manganese (mntABC) and copper (copAC, cusABRF and pcoBD). Based on GC-MS and genomic analysis, pyrene was degraded via salicylic acid and phthalic acid pathways. Moreover, a great number of genes related to aromatic hydrocarbon catabolism were identified in the genomes of YH-1 and YH-3. These results confirmed the potential application of the bacteria consortium YH in the bioremediation of water and soil co-contaminated with PAHs-heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhua Su
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, PR China
| | - Shuo Sun
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, PR China
| | - Qiyou Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollution Control, Qingdao 266580, PR China.
| | - Chaocheng Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollution Control, Qingdao 266580, PR China
| | - Lin Li
- College of Safety and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, PR China
| | - Shuiquan Chen
- College of Energy and Mining Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, PR China
| | - Hongxu Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, PR China
| | - Yaru Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, PR China
| | - Fang Tang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, PR China
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17
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Wani KI, Naeem M, Aftab T. Chromium in plant-soil nexus: Speciation, uptake, transport and sustainable remediation techniques. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 315:120350. [PMID: 36209933 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal (HM) pollution has become a serious global problem due to the non-biodegradable nature of the HMs and their persistence in the environment. Agricultural soil is a non-renewable resource that requires careful management so that it can fulfill the increasing demand for agricultural food production. However, different anthropogenic activities have resulted in a large-scale accumulation of HMs in soil which is detrimental to soil and plant health. Due to their ubiquity, increased bioavailability, toxicity, and non-biodegradable nature, HM contamination has formed a roadblock in the way of achieving food security, safety, and sustainability in the future. Chromium (Cr), specifically Cr(VI) is a highly bioavailable HM with no proven role in the physiology of plants. Chromium has been found to be highly toxic to plants, with its toxicity also influenced by chemical speciation, which is in turn controlled by different factors, such as soil pH, redox potential, organic matter, and microbial population. In this review, the different factors that influence Cr speciation were analyzed and the relationship between biogeochemical transformations of Cr and its bioavailability which may be beneficial for devising different Cr remediation strategies has been discussed. Also, the uptake and transport mechanism of Cr in plants, with particular reference to sulfate and phosphate transporters has been presented. The biological solutions for the remediation of Cr contaminated sites which offer safe and viable alternatives to old-style physical and chemical remediation strategies have been discussed in detail. This review provides theoretical guidance in developing suitable approaches for the better management of these remediation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiser Iqbal Wani
- Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202 002, India
| | - M Naeem
- Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202 002, India
| | - Tariq Aftab
- Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202 002, India.
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18
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Guardia AE, Wagner A, Busalmen JP, Di Capua C, Cortéz N, Beligni MV. The draft genome of Andean Rhodopseudomonas sp. strain AZUL predicts genome plasticity and adaptation to chemical homeostasis. BMC Microbiol 2022; 22:297. [PMID: 36494611 PMCID: PMC9733117 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-022-02685-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The genus Rhodopseudomonas comprises purple non-sulfur bacteria with extremely versatile metabolisms. Characterization of several strains revealed that each is a distinct ecotype highly adapted to its specific micro-habitat. Here we present the sequencing, genomic comparison and functional annotation of AZUL, a Rhodopseudomonas strain isolated from a high altitude Andean lagoon dominated by extreme conditions and fluctuating levels of chemicals. Average nucleotide identity (ANI) analysis of 39 strains of this genus showed that the genome of AZUL is 96.2% identical to that of strain AAP120, which suggests that they belong to the same species. ANI values also show clear separation at the species level with the rest of the strains, being more closely related to R. palustris. Pangenomic analyses revealed that the genus Rhodopseudomonas has an open pangenome and that its core genome represents roughly 5 to 12% of the total gene repertoire of the genus. Functional annotation showed that AZUL has genes that participate in conferring genome plasticity and that, in addition to sharing the basal metabolic complexity of the genus, it is also specialized in metal and multidrug resistance and in responding to nutrient limitation. Our results also indicate that AZUL might have evolved to use some of the mechanisms involved in resistance as redox reactions for bioenergetic purposes. Most of those features are shared with strain AAP120, and mainly involve the presence of additional orthologs responsible for the mentioned processes. Altogether, our results suggest that AZUL, one of the few bacteria from its habitat with a sequenced genome, is highly adapted to the extreme and changing conditions that constitute its niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisha E. Guardia
- grid.473319.b0000 0004 0461 9871Ingeniería de Interfases y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Tecnología de Materiales (INTEMA-CONICET-UNMdP), Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Agustín Wagner
- grid.10814.3c0000 0001 2097 3211Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Zavalla, Argentina
| | - Juan P. Busalmen
- grid.473319.b0000 0004 0461 9871Ingeniería de Interfases y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Tecnología de Materiales (INTEMA-CONICET-UNMdP), Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Cecilia Di Capua
- grid.501777.30000 0004 0638 1836Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (IBR-CONICET-UNR), Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Néstor Cortéz
- grid.501777.30000 0004 0638 1836Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (IBR-CONICET-UNR), Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina
| | - María V. Beligni
- grid.412221.60000 0000 9969 0902Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas (IIB-CONICET-UNMdP), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Argentina
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19
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Yang W, Hong W, Huang Y, Li S, Li M, Zhong H, He Z. Exploration on the Cr(VI) resistance mechanism of a novel thermophilic Cr(VI)-reducing bacteria Anoxybacillus flavithermus ABF1 isolated from Tengchong geothermal region, China. ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2022; 14:795-803. [PMID: 35701897 DOI: 10.1111/1758-2229.13070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Hexavalent chromium resistance and reduction mechanisms of microorganism provide a critical guidance for Cr(VI) bioremediation. However, related researches are limited in mesophiles and deficient for thermophiles. In this work, a novel alkaline Cr(VI)-reducing thermophile Anoxybacillus flavithermus ABF1 was isolated from geothermal region. The mechanisms of Cr(VI) resistance and reduction were investigated. The results demonstrated that A. flavithermus ABF1 could survive in a wide temperature range from 50°C to 70°C and in pH range of 7.0-9.0. Strain ABF1 showed excellent growth activity and Cr(VI) removal performance when initial Cr(VI) concentration was lower than 200 mg L-1 . 93.71% of Cr(VI) was removed at initial concentration of 20 mg L-1 after 72 h. The majority of Cr(VI) was found to be reduced extracellularly by enzymes secreted by cells. XPS and Raman analysis further manifested that Cr2 O3 was the product of Cr(VI) reduction. Moreover, the Cr(VI) transportation-related gene cysP and Cr(VI) reduction-related gene azoR of A. flavithermus ABF1 played key roles in inhibiting Cr(VI) entering cells and promoting extracellular Cr(VI) reduction respectively. This work provides novel insight into the mechanisms of Cr(VI) resistance and detoxication of thermophiles, which leads to a promising alternative strategy for heavy metal bioremediation in areas with elevated temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Yang
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wanqi Hong
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yongji Huang
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shuzhen Li
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mengke Li
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hui Zhong
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhiguo He
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
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20
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Li Y, Huang Y, Li Z, Tang X, Liu X, Hughes SS. Mechanisms of chromium isotope fractionation and the applications in the environment. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 242:113948. [PMID: 35999763 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Chromium (Cr) is a toxic heavy metal that gives rise to environmental pollution and human risk. Chromium stable isotopes have a wide range of applications in both environmental field and earth science field. In this contribution, we focus on the application of the Cr isotope in both tracing pollution sources and monitoring Cr(Ⅵ) pollution. Meanwhile, we also provide a description of the main influencing factors controlling Cr isotope fractionation, chromium isotope analytical methods, and terrestrial Cr release. Chromium isotope tracing of contaminant sources is a new application method, it has a tremendous advantage in searching for the source of Cr pollution, which has not been covered in previous reviews. At the end of the article, the current status of Cr isotope applications in the paleo-environment is explained. Although there are still some uncertainties in practical applications, chromium isotope system shows great promise in the environmental aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, College of Geosciences, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, College of Geosciences, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, Sichuan, China; State Key Laboratory of Collaborative Control and Joint Remediation of Soil and Water Pollution, College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, Sichuan, China.
| | - Zijing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, College of Geosciences, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, Sichuan, China
| | - Xue Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, College of Geosciences, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaowen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, College of Geosciences, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, Sichuan, China
| | - Scott S Hughes
- Department of Geosciences, Idaho State University, Pocatello, ID 83209, USA
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21
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Microbial Remediation: A Promising Tool for Reclamation of Contaminated Sites with Special Emphasis on Heavy Metal and Pesticide Pollution: A Review. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10071358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Heavy metal and pesticide pollution have become an inevitable part of the modern industrialized environment that find their way into all ecosystems. Because of their persistent nature, recalcitrance, high toxicity and biological enrichment, metal and pesticide pollution has threatened the stability of the environment as well as the health of living beings. Due to the environmental persistence of heavy metals and pesticides, they get accumulated in the environs and consequently lead to food chain contamination. Therefore, remediation of heavy metals and pesticide contaminations needs to be addressed as a high priority. Various physico-chemical approaches have been employed for this purpose, but they have significant drawbacks such as high expenses, high labor, alteration in soil properties, disruption of native soil microflora and generation of toxic by-products. Researchers worldwide are focusing on bioremediation strategies to overcome this multifaceted problem, i.e., the removal, immobilization and detoxification of pesticides and heavy metals, in the most efficient and cost-effective ways. For a period of millions of evolutionary years, microorganisms have become resistant to intoxicants and have developed the capability to remediate heavy metal ions and pesticides, and as a result, they have helped in the restoration of the natural state of degraded environs with long term environmental benefits. Keeping in view the environmental and health concerns imposed by heavy metals and pesticides in our society, we aimed to present a generalized picture of the bioremediation capacity of microorganisms. We explore the use of bacteria, fungi, algae and genetically engineered microbes for the remediation of both metals and pesticides. This review summarizes the major detoxification pathways and bioremediation technologies; in addition to that, a brief account is given of molecular approaches such as systemic biology, gene editing and omics that have enhanced the bioremediation process and widened its microbiological techniques toward the remediation of heavy metals and pesticides.
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Scussel R, Feltrin AC, Angioletto E, Galvani NC, Fagundes MÍ, Bernardin AM, Feuser PE, de Ávila RAM, Pich CT. Ecotoxic, genotoxic, and cytotoxic potential of leachate obtained from chromated copper arsenate-treated wood ashes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:41247-41260. [PMID: 35089511 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-18413-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Preservative treatments increase the durability of wood, and one of the alternative treatments involves the use of chromated copper arsenate (CCA). Due to the toxicity of CCA, the disposal of CCA-treated wood residues is problematic, and burning is considered to provide a solution. The ecotoxicological potential of ash can be high when these components are toxic and mutagenic. The aim of this study was to evaluate the toxicity and genotoxicity of bottom ash leachates originating from CCA-treated wood burning. Physical-chemical analysis of the leachates revealed that in treated wood ashes leachate (CCA-TWBAL), the contents of arsenic and chromium were 59.45 mg.L-1 and 54.28 mg.L-1, respectively. In untreated wood ashes leachate (UWBAL), these contents were 0.70 mg.L-1 and 0.30 mg.L-1, respectively. CCA-TWBAL caused significant toxicity in Lactuca sativa, Allium cepa, and microcrustacean Artemia spp. (LC50 = 12.12 mg.mL-1). Comet assay analyses using NIH3T3 cells revealed that concentrations ranging from 1.0 and 2.5 mg.mL-1 increase the damage frequency (DF) and damage index (DI). According to MTT assay results, CCA-TWBAL at concentrations as low as 1 mg.mL-1 caused a significant decrease in cellular viability. Hemolysis assay analyses suggest that the arsenic and chromium leachate contents are important for the ecotoxic, cytotoxic, and genotoxic effects of CCA-TWBAL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahisa Scussel
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Energia e Sustentabilidade, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, R. Pedro João Pereira, Mato Alto, Araranguá, SC, 88905-120, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Feltrin
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento de Biomateriais e Materiais Antimicrobianos, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Engenharia de Materiais, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Iparque - Parque Científico e Tecnológico, Rod. Gov. Jorge Lacerda, Sangão, 3800 CEP, Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Elidio Angioletto
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento de Biomateriais e Materiais Antimicrobianos, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Engenharia de Materiais, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Iparque - Parque Científico e Tecnológico, Rod. Gov. Jorge Lacerda, Sangão, 3800 CEP, Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil.
| | - Nathalia Coral Galvani
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Avenida Universitária, Universitário, Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Mírian Ívens Fagundes
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Avenida Universitária, Universitário, Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Adriano Michael Bernardin
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento de Biomateriais e Materiais Antimicrobianos, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Engenharia de Materiais, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Iparque - Parque Científico e Tecnológico, Rod. Gov. Jorge Lacerda, Sangão, 3800 CEP, Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Paulo Emilio Feuser
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Avenida Universitária, Universitário, Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Andrez Machado de Ávila
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Avenida Universitária, Universitário, Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Claus Tröger Pich
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Energia e Sustentabilidade, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, R. Pedro João Pereira, Mato Alto, Araranguá, SC, 88905-120, Brazil
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Chaouche AA, Houot L, Duché D, Iobbi-Nivol C, Giudici-Orticoni MT, Fons M, Méjean V. The Tol-Pal system of Escherichia coli plays an unexpected role in the import of the oxyanions chromate and phosphate. Res Microbiol 2022; 173:103967. [PMID: 35660524 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2022.103967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Chromate is a toxic metal that enters bacteria by using oxyanion importers. Here, we show that each mutant of the Tol-Pal system of Escherichia coli exhibited increased chromate resistance. This system, which spans the cell envelope, plays a major role in envelope integrity and septation. The ΔtolQR mutant accumulated three-fold less chromate than the wild-type. Addition of phosphate but not sulfate to rich medium drastically reduced chromate toxicity and import in the wild-type strain. Furthermore, the intracellular concentration of free inorganic phosphate was significantly reduced for the ΔtolR mutant in comparison to the wild-type strain. Moreover, extracellular labelled phosphate was significantly less incorporated into the ΔtolR mutant. Finally, two distinct TolQR mutant complexes, specifically affected in Tol-Pal energization without affecting the TolQRA complex structure, did not complement the ΔtolQR mutant for inorganic phosphate accumulation. We thus propose that, while the Pst system is well known to import inorganic phosphate, the Tol-Pal system participates to phosphate uptake in particular at medium to high extracellular phosphate concentrations. Since mutations disabling the Tol-Pal system lead to pleiotropic effects, chromate resistance and reduced inorganic phosphate import could occur from an indirect effect of mutations in components of the Tol-Pal system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amine Ali Chaouche
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, BIP UMR 7281, IMM, IM2B, 31 Chemin Joseph Aiguier, CS70071, 13402, Marseille Cedex 09, France.
| | - Laetitia Houot
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, LISM UMR 7255, IMM, IM2B, 31 Chemin Joseph Aiguier, CS70071, 13402, Marseille Cedex 09, France.
| | - Denis Duché
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, LISM UMR 7255, IMM, IM2B, 31 Chemin Joseph Aiguier, CS70071, 13402, Marseille Cedex 09, France.
| | - Chantal Iobbi-Nivol
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, BIP UMR 7281, IMM, IM2B, 31 Chemin Joseph Aiguier, CS70071, 13402, Marseille Cedex 09, France.
| | - Marie-Thérèse Giudici-Orticoni
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, BIP UMR 7281, IMM, IM2B, 31 Chemin Joseph Aiguier, CS70071, 13402, Marseille Cedex 09, France.
| | - Michel Fons
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, BIP UMR 7281, IMM, IM2B, 31 Chemin Joseph Aiguier, CS70071, 13402, Marseille Cedex 09, France.
| | - Vincent Méjean
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, BIP UMR 7281, IMM, IM2B, 31 Chemin Joseph Aiguier, CS70071, 13402, Marseille Cedex 09, France
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Javier RA, Matías R, Alonso F, Renato C, Gloria L. A novel gene from the acidophilic bacterium Leptospirillum sp. CF-1 and its role in oxidative stress and chromate tolerance. Biol Res 2022; 55:19. [PMID: 35525996 PMCID: PMC9080137 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-022-00388-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acidophilic microorganisms like Leptospirillum sp. CF-1 thrive in environments with extremely low pH and high concentrations of dissolved heavy metals that can induce the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Several hypothetical genes and proteins from Leptospirillum sp. CF-1 are known to be up-regulated under oxidative stress conditions. Results In the present work, the function of hypothetical gene ABH19_09590 from Leptospirillum sp. CF-1 was studied. Heterologous expression of this gene in Escherichia coli led to an increase in the ability to grow under oxidant conditions with 5 mM K2CrO4 or 5 mM H2O2. Similarly, a significant reduction in ROS production in E. coli transformed with a plasmid carrying ABH19_09590 was observed after exposure to these oxidative stress elicitors for 30 min, compared to a strain complemented with the empty vector. A co-transcriptional study using RT-PCR showed that ABH19_09590 is contained in an operon, here named the “och” operon, that also contains ABH19_09585, ABH19_09595 and ABH19_09600 genes. The expression of the och operon was significantly up-regulated in Leptospirillum sp. CF-1 exposed to 5 mM K2CrO4 for 15 and 30 min. Genes of this operon potentially encode a NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase, a CXXC motif-containing protein likely involved in thiol/disulfide exchange, a hypothetical protein, and a di-hydroxy-acid dehydratase. A comparative genomic analysis revealed that the och operon is a characteristic genetic determinant of the Leptospirillum genus that is not present in other acidophiles. Conclusions Altogether, these results suggest that the och operon plays a protective role against chromate and hydrogen peroxide and is an important mechanism required to face polyextremophilic conditions in acid environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rivera-Araya Javier
- Biology Department, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, University of Santiago of Chile (USACH), Santiago, Chile
| | - Riveros Matías
- Biology Department, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, University of Santiago of Chile (USACH), Santiago, Chile
| | - Ferrer Alonso
- Núcleo de Química y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Chávez Renato
- Biology Department, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, University of Santiago of Chile (USACH), Santiago, Chile
| | - Levicán Gloria
- Biology Department, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, University of Santiago of Chile (USACH), Santiago, Chile.
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Transcriptomic Analysis of the Dual Response of Rhodococcus aetherivorans BCP1 to Inorganic Arsenic Oxyanions. Appl Environ Microbiol 2022; 88:e0220921. [PMID: 35311511 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02209-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial strains belonging to the genus Rhodococcus are able to degrade various toxic organic compounds and tolerate high concentrations of metal(loid)s. We have previously shown that Rhodococcus aetherivorans BCP1 is resistant to various levels of the two arsenic inorganic species, arsenite [As(III)] and arsenate [As(V)]. However, while arsenite showed toxic effects at concentrations as low as 5 mM, arsenate at 30 mM boosted the growth rate of BCP1 cells and was toxic only at concentrations of >100 mM. Since such behavior could be linked to peculiar aspects of its metabolism, the transcriptomic analysis of BCP1 cells exposed to 5 mM As(III) and 30 mM As(V) was performed in this work. The aim was to clarify the mechanisms underlying the arsenic stress response of the two growth phenotypes in the presence of the two different oxyanions. The results revealed that As(III) induced higher activity of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging enzymes than As(V) in relation to the expression of enzymes involved in cellular damage recovery and redox buffers/cofactors (ergothioneine, mycofactocin, and mycothiol). Further, As(III) downregulated pathways related to cell division, while both oxyanions downregulated genes involved in glycolysis. Notably, As(V) induced the expression of enzymes participating in the synthesis of metallophores and rearranged the central and energetic metabolism, also inducing alternative pathways for ATP synthesis and glucose consumption. This study, in providing transcriptomic data on R. aetherivorans exposed to arsenic oxyanions, sheds some light on the plasticity of the rhodococcal response to arsenic stress, which may be important for the improvement of biotechnological applications. IMPORTANCE Members of the genus Rhodococcus show high metabolic versatility and the ability to tolerate/resist numerous stress conditions, including toxic metals. R. aetherivorans BCP1 is able to tolerate high concentrations of the two inorganic arsenic oxyanions, arsenite [As(III)] and arsenate [As(V)]. Despite the fact that BCP1 intracellularly converts As(V) into As(III), this strain responds very differently to the presence of these two oxyanions in terms of cell growth and toxic effects. Indeed, while As(III) is highly toxic, exposure to specific concentrations of As(V) seems to boost cell growth. In this work, we investigated the transcriptomic response, ATP synthesis, glucose consumption, and H2O2 degradation in BCP1 cells exposed to As(III) and As(V), inducing two different growth phenotypes. Our results give an overview of the transcriptional rearrangements associated with the dual response of BCP1 to the two oxyanions and provide novel insights into the energetic metabolism of Rhodococcus under arsenic stress.
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Chromiková Z, Chovanová RK, Tamindžija D, Bártová B, Radnović D, Bernier-Latmani R, Barák I. Implantation of Bacillus pseudomycoides Chromate Transporter Increases Chromate Tolerance in Bacillus subtilis. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:842623. [PMID: 35330768 PMCID: PMC8940164 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.842623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromium of anthropogenic origin contaminates the environment worldwide. The toxicity of chromium, a group I human carcinogen, is greatest when it is in a hexavalent oxidation state, Cr(VI). Cr(VI) is actively transported into the cell, triggering oxidative damage intracellularly. Due to the abundance of unspecific intracellular reductants, any microbial species is capable of bio-transformation of toxic Cr(VI) to innocuous Cr(III), however, this process is often lethal. Only some bacterial species are capable of sustaining the vegetative growth in the presence of a high concentration of Cr(VI) and thus operate as self-sustainable bioremediation agents. One of the successful microbial Cr(VI) detoxification strategies is the activation of chromate efflux pumps. This work describes transplantation of the chromate efflux pump from the potentially pathogenic but highly Cr resistant Bacillus pseudomycoides environmental strain into non-pathogenic but only transiently Cr tolerant Bacillus subtilis strain. In our study, we compared the two Bacillus spp. strains harboring evolutionarily diverged chromate efflux proteins. We have found that individual cells of the Cr-resistant B. pseudomycoides environmental strain accumulate less Cr than the cells of B. subtilis strain. Further, we found that survival of the B. subtilis strain during the Cr stress can be increased by the introduction of the chromate transporter from the Cr resistant environmental strain into its genome. Additionally, the expression of B. pseudomycoides chromate transporter ChrA in B. subtilis seems to be activated by the presence of chromate, hinting at versatility of Cr-efflux proteins. This study outlines the future direction for increasing the Cr-tolerance of non-pathogenic species and safe bioremediation using soil bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Chromiková
- Department of Microbial Genetics, Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
- *Correspondence: Zuzana Chromiková,
| | - Romana Kalianková Chovanová
- Department of Microbial Genetics, Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Dragana Tamindžija
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, Novi Sad, Serbia
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Barbora Bártová
- Environmental Microbiology Laboratory, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Dragan Radnović
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Rizlan Bernier-Latmani
- Environmental Microbiology Laboratory, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Imrich Barák
- Department of Microbial Genetics, Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
- Imrich Barák,
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Abstract
While many mechanisms governing bacterial envelope homeostasis have been identified, others remain poorly understood. To decipher these processes, we previously developed an assay in the Gram-negative model Escherichia coli to identify genes involved in maintenance of envelope integrity. One such gene was ElyC, which was shown to be required for envelope integrity and peptidoglycan synthesis at room temperature. ElyC is predicted to be an integral inner membrane protein with a highly conserved domain of unknown function (DUF218). In this study, and stemming from a further characterization of the role of ElyC in maintaining cell envelope integrity, we serendipitously discovered an unappreciated form of oxidative stress in the bacterial envelope. We found that cells lacking ElyC overproduce hydroxyl radicals (HO•) in their envelope compartment and that HO• overproduction is directly or indirectly responsible for the peptidoglycan synthesis arrest, cell envelope integrity defects, and cell lysis of the ΔelyC mutant. Consistent with these observations, we show that the ΔelyC mutant defect is suppressed during anaerobiosis. HO• is known to cause DNA damage but to our knowledge has not been shown to interfere with peptidoglycan synthesis. Thus, our work implicates oxidative stress as an important stressor in the bacterial cell envelope and opens the door to future studies deciphering the mechanisms that render peptidoglycan synthesis sensitive to oxidative stress. IMPORTANCE Oxidative stress is caused by the production and excessive accumulation of oxygen reactive species. In bacterial cells, oxidative stress mediated by hydroxyl radicals is typically associated with DNA damage in the cytoplasm. Here, we reveal the existence of a pathway for oxidative stress in the envelope of Gram-negative bacteria. Stemming from the characterization of a poorly characterized gene, we found that HO• overproduction specifically in the envelope compartment causes inhibition of peptidoglycan synthesis and eventually bacterial cell lysis.
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Hu Y, Liu T, Chen N, Feng C. Changes in microbial community diversity, composition, and functions upon nitrate and Cr(VI) contaminated groundwater. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 288:132476. [PMID: 34634272 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
With the increasing occurrences of nitrate and Cr(VI) pollution globally, microbially driven pollutant reduction and its interaction effects were of growing interest. Despite the increasing number of experimental reports on the simultaneous reduction of nitrate and Cr(VI), a broad picture of the keystone species and metabolic differences in this process remained elusive. This study explored the changing of microorganisms with the introduction of Cr(VI)/NO3- through analyzing 242 samples from the NCBI database. The correlation between microbial abundance and environmental factors showed that, the types of energy substances and pollutants species in the environment had an impact on the diversity of microorganisms and community structure. The genus of Zoogloea, Candidatus Accumulibacter, and Candidatus Kapabacteria sp. 59-99 had the ability of denitrification, while genus of Alcaligenes, Kerstersia, Petrimonas, and Leucobacter showed effectively Cr(VI) resistance and reducing ability. Azoarcus, Pseudomonas, and Thauera were recognized as important candidates in the simultaneous reduction of nitrate and Cr(VI). Metagenomic predictions of these microorganisms using PICRUSt2 further highlighted the enrichment of Cr(VI)and nitrate reduction-related genes (such as chrA and norC). Special attention should therefore be paid to these bacteria in subsequent studies to evaluate their performance and mechanisms involved in simultaneous denitrification and chromium removal. The microbial co-occurrence network analysis conducted on this basis emphasized a strong association between community collaboration and pollution removal. Collectively, either site surveys or laboratory experiments, subsequent studies should focus on these microbial populations and the interspecific collaborations as they strongly influence the occurrence of simultaneous nitrate and Cr(VI) reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutian Hu
- School of Water Resources and Environment, MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, PR China
| | - Tong Liu
- School of Water Resources and Environment, MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, PR China
| | - Nan Chen
- School of Water Resources and Environment, MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, PR China.
| | - Chuanping Feng
- School of Water Resources and Environment, MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, PR China
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Genome analysis of Pseudomonas sp. 14A reveals metabolic capabilities to support epiphytic behavior. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 38:49. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-022-03238-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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30
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Mora-Garduño JD, Tamayo-Nuñez J, Padilla-Vaca F, Ramírez-Montiel FB, Rangel-Serrano Á, Santos-Escobar F, Gutiérrez-Corona F, Páramo-Pérez I, Anaya-Velázquez F, García-Contreras R, Vargas-Maya NI, Franco B. Chromogenic Escherichia coli reporter strain for screening DNA damaging agents. AMB Express 2022; 12:2. [PMID: 34989906 PMCID: PMC8739417 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-021-01342-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of pollutants in soil and water has given rise to diverse analytical and biological approaches to detect and measure contaminants in the environment. Using bacterial cells as reporter strains represents an advantage for detecting pollutants present in soil or water samples. Here, an Escherichia coli reporter strain expressing a chromoprotein capable of interacting with soil or water samples and responding to DNA damaging compounds is validated. The reporter strain generates a qualitative signal and is based on the expression of the coral chromoprotein AmilCP under the control of the recA promoter. This strain can be used simply by applying soil or water samples directly and rendering activation upon DNA damage. This reporter strain responds to agents that damage DNA (with an apparent detection limit of 1 µg of mitomycin C) without observable response to membrane integrity damage, protein folding or oxidative stress generating agents, in the latter case, DNA damage was observed. The developed reporter strain reported here is effective for the detection of DNA damaging agents present in soils samples. In a proof-of-concept analysis using soil containing chromium, showing activation at 15.56 mg/L of Cr(VI) present in soil and leached samples and is consistent with Cr(III) toxicity at high concentrations (130 µg). Our findings suggest that chromogenic reporter strains can be applied for simple screening, thus reducing the number of samples requiring analytical techniques.
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Sá C, Matos D, Pires A, Cardoso P, Figueira E. Effects of volatile sulfur compounds on growth and oxidative stress of Rhizobium leguminosarum E20-8 exposed to cadmium. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 800:149478. [PMID: 34391142 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) have been reported to be produced by many bacterial species. Depending on the compound, they can negatively influence some organisms (fungi, nematodes and insects) or promote plant growth. Some of these compounds have also been hypothesized to play a role in bacterial response to cadmium (Cd) induced stress. This study aimed to assess the potential effects of four VSCs (dimethyl sulfide - DMS, dimethyl disulfide - DMDS, dimethyl trisulfide - DMTS and methyl thioacetate - MTA) on the growth and oxidative status of Rhizobium sp. strain E20-8 via airborne exposure, in order to test the hypothesis that these volatile compounds can influence growth and tolerance to cadmium. Our results show that, overall, the tested compounds triggered similar antioxidant mechanisms in Rhizobium in the presence of Cd. The protective effect at the membrane level by DMDS and DMTS particularly demonstrates the antioxidant effect of these volatiles, with reductions of up to 50% (DMS) and 80% (DMTS) in lipid peroxidation levels. Due to the volatile nature of these compounds, the low concentrations tested (1 nM to 100 mM), and considering that they are released by bacteria and other organisms such as plants, it is possible that these effects also occur in the soil ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina Sá
- CESAM, Center for Environmental and Marine Studies & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Diana Matos
- CESAM, Center for Environmental and Marine Studies & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Adília Pires
- CESAM, Center for Environmental and Marine Studies & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Paulo Cardoso
- CESAM, Center for Environmental and Marine Studies & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Etelvina Figueira
- CESAM, Center for Environmental and Marine Studies & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.
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Vieto S, Rojas-Gätjens D, Jiménez JI, Chavarría M. The potential of Pseudomonas for bioremediation of oxyanions. ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2021; 13:773-789. [PMID: 34369104 DOI: 10.1111/1758-2229.12999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Non-metal, metal and metalloid oxyanions occur naturally in minerals and rocks of the Earth's crust and are mostly found in low concentrations or confined in specific regions of the planet. However, anthropogenic activities including urban development, mining, agriculture, industrial activities and new technologies have increased the release of oxyanions to the environment, which threatens the sustainability of natural ecosystems, in turn affecting human development. For these reasons, the implementation of new methods that could allow not only the remediation of oxyanion contaminants but also the recovery of valuable elements from oxyanions of the environment is imperative. From this perspective, the use of microorganisms emerges as a strategy complementary to physical, mechanical and chemical methods. In this review, we discuss the opportunities that the Pseudomonas genus offers for the bioremediation of oxyanions, which is derived from its specialized central metabolism and the high number of oxidoreductases present in the genomes of these bacteria. Finally, we review the current knowledge on the transport and metabolism of specific oxyanions in Pseudomonas species. We consider that the Pseudomonas genus is an excellent starting point for the development of biotechnological approaches for the upcycling of oxyanions into added-value metal and metalloid byproducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofía Vieto
- Centro Nacional de Innovaciones Biotecnológicas (CENIBiot), CeNAT-CONARE, San José, 1174-1200, Costa Rica
| | - Diego Rojas-Gätjens
- Centro Nacional de Innovaciones Biotecnológicas (CENIBiot), CeNAT-CONARE, San José, 1174-1200, Costa Rica
| | - José I Jiménez
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Max Chavarría
- Centro Nacional de Innovaciones Biotecnológicas (CENIBiot), CeNAT-CONARE, San José, 1174-1200, Costa Rica
- Centro de Investigaciones en Productos Naturales (CIPRONA), Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, 11501-2060, Costa Rica
- Escuela de Química, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, 11501-2060, Costa Rica
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Kao CM, Chen SC, Liao ZY, Wen SS, Chien CC. Characterization of two chromate reducing bacteria isolated from heavy metal contaminated soil. Biologia (Bratisl) 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11756-021-00933-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Sahoo H, Kumari S, Naik UC. Characterization of multi-metal-resistant Serratia sp. GP01 for treatment of effluent from fertilizer industries. Arch Microbiol 2021; 203:5425-5435. [PMID: 34405261 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-021-02523-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The effluent generated from fertilizer plants in Paradeep in the coast of the Bay of Bengal is the major pollutant causing health hazard in the vicinity of the area with respect to plants, animals and microbes. Samples of effluent were found to contain heavy metals (mg L-1): Cr (100), Ni (36.975), Mn (68.673), Pb (20.133), Cu (74.44), Zn (176.716), Hg (5.358) and As (24.287) as analyzed by XRF. Indigenous bacterial strains were screened for chromate and multi-metal resistance to remediate the toxic pollutants. The isolated strain G1 was identified as Serratia sp. through 16S-rDNA sequence homology. The potent strain Serratia sp. GP01 treated with 100 mg L-1 of K2Cr2O7 has shown the efficacy of reducing 69.05 mg L-1 of Cr over 48 h of incubation. Further, presence of chromate reductase gene (ChR) in Serratia sp. confirmed the enzymatic reduction of Cr(VI). SEM-EDX and SEM mapping analysis revealed substantial biosorption of Cr and other heavy metals present in effluent by Serratia sp. GP01. Antioxidant enzymes such as catalase (72.15 U mL-1), SOD (57.14 U mL-1) and peroxidase (62.49 U mL-1) were found to be higher as compared to the control condition. FTIR study also revealed the role of N-H, O-H, C = C, C-H, C-O, C-N, and C = O functional groups of the cell surface of Serratia sp. treated with K2Cr2O7 and effluent from the fertilizer industry. Isolated strain Serratia sp. could be used for the detoxification of Cr(VI) and other heavy metals in fertilizer plant effluent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hrudananda Sahoo
- Environmental Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, 753003, India
| | - Sushama Kumari
- Environmental Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, 753003, India
| | - Umesh Chandra Naik
- Environmental Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, 753003, India. .,Centre of Excellence in Environment and Public Health, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, 753003, India.
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Su YQ, Yuan S, Guo YC, Tan YY, Mao HT, Cao Y, Chen YE. Highly efficient and sustainable removal of Cr (VI) in aqueous solutions by photosynthetic bacteria supplemented with phosphor salts. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 283:131031. [PMID: 34134043 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthetic bacteria have flexible metabolisms and strong environmental adaptability, and require cheap, but plentiful, energy supplements, which all enable their use in Cr(VI)-remediation. In this study, the effects of culture conditions on the total Cr removal rate were investigated for a newly identified strain of Rhodobacter sphaeroides SC01. The subcellular distribution and Cr(VI) reduction ability of four different cellular fractions were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Experiments indicated that the optimal culture conditions for total Cr removal included a culture temperature of 35 °C, pH of 7.20, an NaCl concentration of 5 g L-1, a light intensity of 4000 lx, and an initial cell concentration (OD680) of 0.15. In addition, most Cr was found in the cell membrane in the form of Cr (III) after reduction, while cell membranes had the highest Cr(VI) reduction rate (99%) compared to other cellular components. In addition, the physical and chemical properties of SC01 cells were characterized by FTIR, XPS, and XRD analyses, confirming that Cr was successfully absorbed on bacterial cell surfaces. CrPO4‧6H2O and Cr5(P3O10)3 precipitates were particularly identified by XRD analysis. After screening supplementation with five phosphor salts, Cr(VI) reduction due to bioprecipitation was improved by the addition of Na4P2O7 and (NaPO3)6 salts, with the Cr(VI)-reduction rate combined with Na4P2O7 addition being 15% higher than that of the control. Thus, this study proposes a new Cr(VI)-removal strategy based on the combined use of photosynthetic bacteria and phosphor salts, which importantly increases its potential application in treating wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Qiu Su
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Shu Yuan
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China
| | - Yuan-Cheng Guo
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong-Yao Tan
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hao-Tian Mao
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China
| | - Yi Cao
- Microbiology and Metabolic Engineering of Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang-Er Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China.
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Newsome L, Falagán C. The Microbiology of Metal Mine Waste: Bioremediation Applications and Implications for Planetary Health. GEOHEALTH 2021; 5:e2020GH000380. [PMID: 34632243 PMCID: PMC8490943 DOI: 10.1029/2020gh000380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Mine wastes pollute the environment with metals and metalloids in toxic concentrations, causing problems for humans and wildlife. Microorganisms colonize and inhabit mine wastes, and can influence the environmental mobility of metals through metabolic activity, biogeochemical cycling and detoxification mechanisms. In this article we review the microbiology of the metals and metalloids most commonly associated with mine wastes: arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, mercury, nickel and zinc. We discuss the molecular mechanisms by which bacteria, archaea, and fungi interact with contaminant metals and the consequences for metal fate in the environment, focusing on long-term field studies of metal-impacted mine wastes where possible. Metal contamination can decrease the efficiency of soil functioning and essential element cycling due to the need for microbes to expend energy to maintain and repair cells. However, microbial communities are able to tolerate and adapt to metal contamination, particularly when the contaminant metals are essential elements that are subject to homeostasis or have a close biochemical analog. Stimulating the development of microbially reducing conditions, for example in constructed wetlands, is beneficial for remediating many metals associated with mine wastes. It has been shown to be effective at low pH, circumneutral and high pH conditions in the laboratory and at pilot field-scale. Further demonstration of this technology at full field-scale is required, as is more research to optimize bioremediation and to investigate combined remediation strategies. Microbial activity has the potential to mitigate the impacts of metal mine wastes, and therefore lessen the impact of this pollution on planetary health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Newsome
- Camborne School of Mines and Environment and Sustainability InstituteUniversity of ExeterPenrynUK
| | - Carmen Falagán
- Camborne School of Mines and Environment and Sustainability InstituteUniversity of ExeterPenrynUK
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Gong WJ, Wang XR, Zhao HP. Microbial reduction of Cr(VI) in the presence of Ni, Cu and Zn by bacterial consortium enriched from an electroplating contaminated site. Biodegradation 2021; 32:711-722. [PMID: 34528116 DOI: 10.1007/s10532-021-09962-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The bioremediation of Cr(VI) has been intensively reported in recent years, while little information about Cr(VI)-reducing consortium enriched from in-situ contaminated soil has been revealed, specifically the functional genes involved. In this study, we verified a Cr(VI) reduction process by a consortium enriched from in-situ contaminated soil through enzymatic analysis. The chromate reductase gene ChrR has been successfully amplified and further analyzed, provided solid evidence to prove the Cr(VI) bio-reduction was an enzyme-mediated process. Meanwhile, the analysis of metabolic pathways demonstrates that the consortium could detoxicate and resist Cr(VI) and co-existing metals (Ni2+, Zn2+ and Cu2+) through membrane transport and DNA repair process. The co-existing heavy metals Zn and Cu had a relatively significant negative and positive effects on Cr(VI) reduction respectively, which may play important roles in the Cr(VI) contaminated soil bioremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jing Gong
- MOE Key Lab of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xing-Run Wang
- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - He-Ping Zhao
- MOE Key Lab of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Genetic Basis of Chromate Adaptation and the Role of the Pre-existing Genetic Divergence during an Experimental Evolution Study with Desulfovibrio vulgaris Populations. mSystems 2021; 6:e0049321. [PMID: 34061571 PMCID: PMC8579811 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00493-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] is a common environmental pollutant. However, little is known about the genetic basis of microbial evolution under Cr(VI) stress and the influence of the prior evolution histories on the subsequent evolution under Cr(VI) stress. In this study, Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough (DvH), a model sulfate-reducing bacterium, was experimentally evolved for 600 generations. By evolving the replicate populations of three genetically diverse DvH clones, including ancestor (AN, without prior experimental evolution history), non-stress-evolved EC3-10, and salt stress-evolved ES9-11, the contributions of adaptation, chance, and pre-existing genetic divergence to the evolution under Cr(VI) stress were able to be dissected. Significantly decreased lag phases under Cr(VI) stress were observed in most evolved populations, while increased Cr(VI) reduction rates were primarily observed in populations evolved from EC3-10 and ES9-11. The pre-existing genetic divergence in the starting clones showed strong influences on the changes in lag phases, growth rates, and Cr(VI) reduction rates. Additionally, the genomic mutation spectra in populations evolved from different starting clones were significantly different. A total of 14 newly mutated genes obtained mutations in at least two evolved populations, suggesting their importance in Cr(VI) adaptation. An in-frame deletion mutation of one of these genes, the chromate transporter gene DVU0426, demonstrated that it played an important role in Cr(VI) tolerance. Overall, our study identified potential key functional genes for Cr(VI) tolerance and demonstrated the important role of pre-existing genetic divergence in evolution under Cr(VI) stress conditions. IMPORTANCE Chromium is one of the most common heavy metal pollutants of soil and groundwater. The potential of Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough in heavy metal bioremediation such as Cr(VI) reduction was reported previously; however, experimental evidence of key functional genes involved in Cr(VI) resistance are largely unknown. Given the genetic divergence of microbial populations in nature, knowledge on how this divergence affects the microbial adaptation to a new environment such as Cr(VI) stress is very limited. Taking advantage of our previous study, three groups of genetically diverse D. vulgaris Hildenborough populations with or without prior experimental evolution histories were propagated under Cr(VI) stress for 600 generations. Whole-population genome resequencing of the evolved populations revealed the genomic changes underlying the improved Cr(VI) tolerance. The strong influence of the pre-existing genetic divergence in the starting clones on evolution under Cr(VI) stress conditions was demonstrated at both phenotypic and genetic levels.
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Zhang B, Liu J, Sheng Y, Shi J, Dong H. Disentangling Microbial Syntrophic Mechanisms for Hexavalent Chromium Reduction in Autotrophic Biosystems. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:6340-6351. [PMID: 33866784 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c00383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] is one of the common heavy-metal contaminants in groundwater, and the availability of electron donors is considered to be a key parameter for Cr(VI) biotransformation. During the autotrophic remediation process, however, much remains to be illuminated about how complex syntrophic microbial communities couple Cr(VI) reduction with other elemental cycles. Two series of Cr(VI)-reducing groundwater bioreactors were independently amended by elemental sulfur and iron and inoculated with the same inoculum. After 160 days of incubation, both bioreactors showed similar archaea-dominating microbiota compositions, whereas a higher Cr(VI)-reducing rate and more methane production were detected in the Fe0-driven one. Metabolic reconstruction of 23 retrieved genomes revealed complex symbiotic relationships driving distinct elemental cycles coupled with Cr(VI) reduction in bioreactors. In both bioreactors, these Cr(VI) reducers were assumed to live in syntrophy with oxidizers of sulfur, iron, hydrogen, and volatile fatty acids and methane produced by carbon fixers and multitrophic methanogens, respectively. The significant difference in methane production was mainly due to the fact that the yielded sulfate greatly retarded acetoclastic methanogenesis in the S-bioreactor. These findings provide insights into mutualistic symbioses of carbon, sulfur, iron, and chromium metabolisms in groundwater systems and have implications for bioremediation of Cr(VI)-contaminated groundwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baogang Zhang
- School of Water Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution (China University of Geosciences Beijing), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
- Department of Geology and Environmental Earth Science, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio 45056, United States
| | - Yizhi Sheng
- Department of Geology and Environmental Earth Science, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio 45056, United States
| | - Jiaxin Shi
- School of Water Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution (China University of Geosciences Beijing), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hailiang Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
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40
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Heavy metal pollution: Insights into chromium eco-toxicity and recent advancement in its remediation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enmm.2020.100388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Chen J, Tian Y. Hexavalent chromium reducing bacteria: mechanism of reduction and characteristics. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:20981-20997. [PMID: 33689130 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13325-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
As a common heavy metal, chromium and its compounds are widely used in industrial applications, e.g., leather tanning, electroplating, and in stainless steel, paints and fertilizers. Due to the strong toxicity of Cr(VI), chromium is regarded as a major source of pollution with a serious impact on the environment and biological systems. The disposal of Cr(VI) by biological treatment methods is more favorable than traditional treatment methods because the biological processes are environmentally friendly and cost-efficient. This review describes how bacteria tolerate and reduce Cr(VI) and the effects of some physical and chemical factors on the reduction of Cr(IV). The practical applications for Cr(VI) reduction of bacterial cells are also included in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Chen
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering, (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, 610065, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongqiang Tian
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering, (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, 610065, People's Republic of China.
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42
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Rahman Z, Thomas L. Chemical-Assisted Microbially Mediated Chromium (Cr) (VI) Reduction Under the Influence of Various Electron Donors, Redox Mediators, and Other Additives: An Outlook on Enhanced Cr(VI) Removal. Front Microbiol 2021; 11:619766. [PMID: 33584585 PMCID: PMC7875889 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.619766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromium (Cr) (VI) is a well-known toxin to all types of biological organisms. Over the past few decades, many investigators have employed numerous bioprocesses to neutralize the toxic effects of Cr(VI). One of the main process for its treatment is bioreduction into Cr(III). Key to this process is the ability of microbial enzymes, which facilitate the transfer of electrons into the high valence state of the metal that acts as an electron acceptor. Many underlying previous efforts have stressed on the use of different external organic and inorganic substances as electron donors to promote Cr(VI) reduction process by different microorganisms. The use of various redox mediators enabled electron transport facility for extracellular Cr(VI) reduction and accelerated the reaction. Also, many chemicals have employed diverse roles to improve the Cr(VI) reduction process in different microorganisms. The application of aforementioned materials at the contaminated systems has offered a variety of influence on Cr(VI) bioremediation by altering microbial community structures and functions and redox environment. The collective insights suggest that the knowledge of appropriate implementation of suitable nutrients can strongly inspire the Cr(VI) reduction rate and efficiency. However, a comprehensive information on such substances and their roles and biochemical pathways in different microorganisms remains elusive. In this regard, our review sheds light on the contributions of various chemicals as electron donors, redox mediators, cofactors, etc., on microbial Cr(VI) reduction for enhanced treatment practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeeshanur Rahman
- Department of Botany, Zakir Husain Delhi College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Lebin Thomas
- Department of Botany, Hansraj College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
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Heavy-metal resistance mechanisms developed by bacteria from Lerma-Chapala basin. Arch Microbiol 2021; 203:1807-1823. [PMID: 33491161 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-020-02140-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Heavy-metal (HM) contamination is a huge environmental problem in many countries including Mexico. Currently, microorganisms with multiple heavy-metal resistance and/or plant-promoting characteristics have been widely used for bioremediation of HM-contaminated soils. The aim of the study was isolated bacteria with multiple heavy-metal resistance and to determinate the resistance mechanism developed by these organisms. A total of 138 aerobic bacteria were isolated from soil and sediments surrounding the Lerma-Chapala basin located in the boundary of the States of Michoacán and Jalisco states of Mexico. One hundred and eight strains showed at least 1 plant growth-promoting features. The Lerma-Chapala basin bacteria were also resistant to high concentrations of HMs including the metalloid arsenic. Sequence analysis of 16S RNA genes reveled that these bacteria were mainly affiliated to the phyla Proteobacteria (38%), Firmicutes (31%) and Actinobacteria (25%), covering 21 genera with Bacillus as the most abundant one. Among them, at least 27 putative novel species were detected in the genera Acinetobacter, Arthrobacter, Bacillus, Agrobacterium, Dyadobacter, Enterobacter, Exiguobacterium, Kluyvera, Micrococcus, Microbacterium and Psychrobacter. In addition, these bacteria developed various heavy-metal-resistance mechanisms, such as biosorption/bioaccumulation, immobilization and detoxification. Therefore, the bacteria isolated from soils and sediments of Lerma-Chapala basin could be used in bioremediation strategies.
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Xia X, Wu S, Zhou Z, Wang G. Microbial Cd(II) and Cr(VI) resistance mechanisms and application in bioremediation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 401:123685. [PMID: 33113721 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The heavy metals cadmium (Cd) and chromium (Cr) are extensively used in industry and result in water and soil contamination. The highly toxic Cd(II) and Cr(VI) are the most common soluble forms of Cd and Cr, respectively. They enter the human body through the food chain and drinking water and then cause serious illnesses. Microorganisms can adsorb metals or transform Cd(II) and Cr(VI) into insoluble or less bioavailable forms, and such strategies are applicable in Cd and Cr bioremediation. This review focuses on the highlighting of novel achievements on microbial Cd(II) and Cr(VI) resistance mechanisms and their bioremediation applications. In addition, the knowledge gaps and research perspectives are also discussed in order to build a bridge between the theoretical breakthrough and the resolution of Cd(II) and Cr(VI) contamination problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Edible Wild Plants Conservation & Utilization, Hubei Engineering Research Center of Special Wild Vegetables Breeding and Comprehensive Utilization Technology, National Experimental Teaching Demonstrating Center, College of Life Sciences, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, 435002, PR China
| | - Shijuan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Zijie Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Gejiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China.
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Golub N, Shynkarchuk A, Kozlovets O, Xinhua S. Influence of Heavy Metals on the Process of Anaerobic Fermentation of Biomass by the Consortia of Anaerobic Microorganisms. INNOVATIVE BIOSYSTEMS AND BIOENGINEERING 2020. [DOI: 10.20535/ibb.2020.4.4.211227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
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46
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Shafiei F, Watts MP, Pajank L, Moreau JW. The effect of heavy metals on thiocyanate biodegradation by an autotrophic microbial consortium enriched from mine tailings. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 105:417-427. [PMID: 33263791 PMCID: PMC7778618 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10983-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Bioremediation systems represent an environmentally sustainable approach to degrading industrially generated thiocyanate (SCN−), with low energy demand and operational costs and high efficiency and substrate specificity. However, heavy metals present in mine tailings effluent may hamper process efficiency by poisoning thiocyanate-degrading microbial consortia. Here, we experimentally tested the tolerance of an autotrophic SCN−-degrading bacterial consortium enriched from gold mine tailings for Zn, Cu, Ni, Cr, and As. All of the selected metals inhibited SCN− biodegradation to different extents, depending on concentration. At pH of 7.8 and 30 °C, complete inhibition of SCN− biodegradation by Zn, Cu, Ni, and Cr occurred at 20, 5, 10, and 6 mg L−1, respectively. Lower concentrations of these metals decreased the rate of SCN− biodegradation, with relatively long lag times. Interestingly, the microbial consortium tolerated As even at 500 mg L−1, although both the rate and extent of SCN− biodegradation were affected. Potentially, the observed As tolerance could be explained by the origin of our microbial consortium in tailings derived from As-enriched gold ore (arsenopyrite). This study highlights the importance of considering metal co-contamination in bioreactor design and operation for SCN− bioremediation at mine sites. Key points • Both the efficiency and rate of SCN−biodegradation were inhibited by heavy metals, to different degrees depending on type and concentration of metal. • The autotrophic microbial consortium was capable of tolerating high concentrations of As, potential having adapted to higher As levels derived from the tailings source. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00253-020-10983-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhad Shafiei
- School of Earth Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Mathew P Watts
- School of Earth Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Lukas Pajank
- School of Earth Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - John W Moreau
- School of Earth Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia. .,School of Geographical & Earth Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK.
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Minari GD, Saran LM, Lima Constancio MT, Correia da Silva R, Rosalen DL, José de Melo W, Carareto Alves LM. Bioremediation potential of new cadmium, chromium, and nickel-resistant bacteria isolated from tropical agricultural soil. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 204:111038. [PMID: 32739674 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Soil management using fertilizers can modify soil chemical, biochemical and biological properties, including the concentration of trace-elements as cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cd) and nickel (Ni). Bacterial isolates from Cd, Cr, and Ni-contaminated soil were evaluated for some characteristics for their use in bioremediation. Isolates (592) were obtained from soil samples (19) of three areas used in three maize cultivation systems: no-tillage and conventional tillage with the application of mineral fertilizers; minimum tillage with the application of sewage sludge. Four isolates were resistant to Cr3+ (3.06 mmol dm-3) and Cd2+ (2.92 mmol dm-3). One isolate was resistant to the three metals at 0.95 mmol dm-3. All isolates developed in a medium of Cd2+, Cr3+ and Ni2+ at 0.5 mmol dm-3, and removed Cd2+ (17-33%) and Cr6+ (60-70%). They were identified by sequencing of the gene 16S rRNA, as bacteria of the genera Paenibacillus, Burkholderia, Ensifer, and two Cupriavidus. One of the Cupriavidus isolate was able to remove 60% of Cr6+ from the culture medium and showed high indole acetic acid production capacity. We evaluated it in a microbe-plant system that could potentially be deployed in bioremediation by removing toxic metals from contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Deomedesse Minari
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, Department of Technology, Jaboticabal, Brazil
| | - Luciana Maria Saran
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, Department of Technology, Jaboticabal, Brazil.
| | - Milena Tavares Lima Constancio
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, Department of Technology, Jaboticabal, Brazil
| | - Rafael Correia da Silva
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, Department of Technology, Jaboticabal, Brazil
| | - David Luciano Rosalen
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, Department of Rural Engineering, Jaboticabal, Brazil
| | - Wanderley José de Melo
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, Department of Technology, Jaboticabal, Brazil; Brasil University, Descalvado, Brazil
| | - Lúcia Maria Carareto Alves
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, Department of Technology, Jaboticabal, Brazil
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Fulke AB, Kotian A, Giripunje MD. Marine Microbial Response to Heavy Metals: Mechanism, Implications and Future Prospect. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2020; 105:182-197. [PMID: 32596744 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-020-02923-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Growing levels of pollution in marine environment has been a matter of serious concern in recent years. Increased levels of heavy metals due to improper waste disposal has led to serious repercussions. This has increased occurrences of heavy metals in marine fauna. Marine microbes are large influencers of nutrient cycling and productivity in oceans. Marine bacteria show altered metabolism as a strategy against metal induced stress. Understanding these strategies used to avoid toxic effects of heavy metals can help in devising novel biotechnological applications for ocean clean-up. Using biological tools for remediation has advantages as it does not involve harmful chemicals and it shows greater flexibility to environmental fluctuations. This review provides a comprehensive insight on marine microbial response to heavy metals and sheds light on existing knowledge about and paves for new avenues in research for bioremediation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhay B Fulke
- Microbiology Division, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography (CSIR-NIO), Regional Centre, Lokhandwala Road, Four Bungalows, Andheri (West), Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400053, India.
| | - Atul Kotian
- Microbiology Division, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography (CSIR-NIO), Regional Centre, Lokhandwala Road, Four Bungalows, Andheri (West), Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400053, India
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Rahman Z, Singh VP. Bioremediation of toxic heavy metals (THMs) contaminated sites: concepts, applications and challenges. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:27563-27581. [PMID: 32418096 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08903-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal contamination is a global issue, where the prevalent contaminants are arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr)(VI), mercury (Hg), and lead (Pb). More often, they are collectively known as "most problematic heavy metals" and "toxic heavy metals" (THMs). Their treatment through a variety of biological processes is one of the prime interests in remediation studies, where heavy metal-microbe interaction approaches receive high interest for their cost effective and ecofriendly solutions. In this review, we provide an up to date information on different microbial processes (bioremediation) for the removal of THMs. For the same, emphasis is put on oxidation-reduction, biomineralization, bioprecipitation, bioleaching, biosurfactant technology, biovolatilization, biosorption, bioaccumulation, and microbe-assisted phytoremediation with their selective advantages and disadvantages. Further, the literature briefly discusses about the various setups of cleaning processes of THMs in environment under ex situ and in situ applications. Lately, the study sheds light on the manipulation of microorganisms through genetic engineering and nanotechnology for their advanced treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeeshanur Rahman
- Department of Botany, Zakir Husain Delhi College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India.
- Department of Botany, University of Delhi, Delhi, India.
| | - Ved Pal Singh
- Department of Botany, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
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Ouertani R, Ouertani A, Mahjoubi M, Bousselmi Y, Najjari A, Cherif H, Chamkhi A, Mosbah A, Khdhira H, Sghaier H, Chouchane H, Cherif A, Neifar M. New Plant Growth-Promoting, Chromium-Detoxifying Microbacterium Species Isolated From a Tannery Wastewater: Performance and Genomic Insights. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:521. [PMID: 32719777 PMCID: PMC7350417 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)], widely generated by tannery activities, is considered among the most toxic substances and causes a serious damage for the environment and for human health. Interestingly, some microorganisms have a potential of bioremediation of chromium-contaminated wastewaters and soils through the reduction of Cr(VI) (soluble and harmful form) into Cr(III) (stable and non-toxic form). Here, we present the full genome sequence of a novel heavy-metal-resistant, plant growth-promoting bacterium (PGPB), Microbacterium metallidurans TL13, which was isolated from a Tunisian leather industry. The strain TL13 was resistant to many heavy metals, such as chromium, copper, nickel, cobalt, and arsenic. The 50% TL13 growth inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of HgCl2, CoCl2, K2Cr2O7, CuSO4, NiCl2, FeSO4, and Na2HAsO4 are 368, 445, 676, 1,590, 1,680, 4,403, and 7,007 mg/L, respectively, with the following toxicity order: HgCl2 > CoCl2 > K2Cr2O7 > CuSO4 > NiCl2 > FeSO4 > Na2HAsO4. This new strain was also able to promote the growth of the hybrid tomato (Elika F1) under chromium metal stress. Its whole genome sequence length was estimated to be 3,587,460 bp (3,393 coding sequences) with a G + C content of 70.7%. Functional annotation of the genome of TL13 revealed the presence of open reading frames (ORFs) involved in adaptation to metal stress, such as the chromate transport protein, cobalt–zinc–cadmium resistance protein, copper resistance protein, copper responsive transcriptional regulator, multidrug resistance transporters, arsenical resistance operon repressor, arsenate reductase, arsenic resistance protein, mercuric resistance operon regulatory protein, mercuric ion reductase, and organomercurial lyase. Moreover, genes for the production of glutathione peroxidase, catalase, superoxide dismutase, and thioredoxin reductase, which confer a higher tolerance to oxidative/metal stresses, were identified in TL13 genome. In addition, genes for heat shock tolerance, cold shock tolerance, glycine-betaine production, mineral phosphate solubilization, ammonia assimilation, siderophores, exopolysaccharides, polyketides, and lytic enzymes (cellulase, chitinase, and proteases) production that enable bacteria to survive biotic/abiotic stress and to promote plant growth and health were also revealed. Based on genome analysis and experimental approaches, strain TL13 appears to have evolved from various metabolic strategies and could play a role in ensuring sustainable environmental and agricultural systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania Ouertani
- Univ. Manouba, ISBST, BVBGR-LR11ES31, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, Sidi Thabet, Tunisia.,Laboratory of Microorganisms and Active Biomolecules, MBA-LR03ES03, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Awatef Ouertani
- Univ. Manouba, ISBST, BVBGR-LR11ES31, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
| | - Mouna Mahjoubi
- Univ. Manouba, ISBST, BVBGR-LR11ES31, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
| | - Yosra Bousselmi
- Univ. Manouba, ISBST, BVBGR-LR11ES31, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
| | - Afef Najjari
- Laboratory of Microorganisms and Active Biomolecules, MBA-LR03ES03, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Hanene Cherif
- Univ. Manouba, ISBST, BVBGR-LR11ES31, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
| | - Asma Chamkhi
- Univ. Manouba, ISBST, BVBGR-LR11ES31, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
| | - Amor Mosbah
- Univ. Manouba, ISBST, BVBGR-LR11ES31, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
| | - Hechmi Khdhira
- Management Environment Responsible in Tanneries Mégisseries du Maghreb, TMM, Grombalia, Tunisia
| | - Haitham Sghaier
- Univ. Manouba, ISBST, BVBGR-LR11ES31, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, Sidi Thabet, Tunisia.,Laboratory "Energy and Matter for Development of Nuclear Sciences" (LR16CNSTN02), National Center for Nuclear Sciences and Technology (CNSTN), Sidi Thabet Technopark, Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
| | - Habib Chouchane
- Univ. Manouba, ISBST, BVBGR-LR11ES31, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
| | - Ameur Cherif
- Univ. Manouba, ISBST, BVBGR-LR11ES31, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Neifar
- Univ. Manouba, ISBST, BVBGR-LR11ES31, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
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