1
|
Liu S, Su Y, Suo D, Zhao J. Heuristic strategy of intuitive statistical inferences in 7- to 10-year-old children. J Exp Child Psychol 2024; 242:105907. [PMID: 38513328 DOI: 10.1016/j.jecp.2024.105907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Intuitive statistical inferences refer to making inferences about uncertain events based on limited probabilistic information, which is crucial for both human and non-human species' survival and reproduction. Previous research found that 7- and 8-year-old children failed in intuitive statistical inference tasks after heuristic strategies had been controlled. However, few studies systematically explored children's heuristic strategies of intuitive statistical inferences and their potential numerical underpinnings. In the current research, Experiment 1 (N = 81) examined 7- to 10-year-olds' use of different types of heuristic strategies; results revealed that children relied more on focusing on the absolute number strategy. Experiment 2 (N = 99) and Experiment 3 (N = 94) added continuous-format stimuli to examine whether 7- and 8-year-olds could make genuine intuitive statistical inferences instead of heuristics. Results revealed that both 7- and 8-year-olds and 9- and 10-year-olds performed better in intuitive statistical inference tasks with continuous-format stimuli, even after focusing on the absolute number strategy had been controlled. The results across the three experiments preliminarily hinted that the ratio processing system might rely on the approximate number system. Future research could clarify what specific numerical processing mechanism may be used and how it might support children's statistical intuitions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siyi Liu
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yanjie Su
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Dachuan Suo
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Jiaxuan Zhao
- Graduate School of Education, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhao J, Zhang Y, Qin Y, Liu Y, Chen Q, Zhao K, Long Z. Electroencephalographic oscillations of alpha and beta rhythms during phrase-guessing procedure. Cogn Neurodyn 2023; 17:1345-1355. [PMID: 37786656 PMCID: PMC10542055 DOI: 10.1007/s11571-022-09896-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Phrases-guessing is one of the essential reasoning abilities in problem solving for human beings. However, it is still an open question about why individuals perform differently during the same reasoning task. In this study, we utilized a bilingual phrase-guessing task to explore the neural activities under the individually different performances with electroencephalography. Participants who had no knowledge of Greek were required to guess the meaning of a Greek phrase (long or short in length) by making an either-or selection as to which translation-equivalent Chinese word corresponds to Greek word. Names of color were used as experimental stimuli for which two Chinese words denoted the same color with one as a conventional color name and the other as a novel color name. The experiment yielded length of phrases (long vs. short) and novelty of phrases (novel vs. conventional) as variables. The behavioral results revealed significant length-by-novelty interaction on the number of selections. However, neither main effects nor interactive effects were found on response time. Further, the amplitude spectrums of high alpha rhythm, low alpha rhythm, and low beta rhythm during the task were positively associated with the participants' number of selections for a long Greek phrase with a novel and complex Chinese phrase (LNc) and a short Greek phrase with a conventional Chinese phrase (SCo), while negatively correlated with the response time of selections for LNc and SCo. Our findings suggested that the consistency between participants' behavior and electrophysiological oscillations (alpha and beta bands) could be employed as biomarkers for decoding the phrase-guessing procedure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Zhao
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715 China
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715 China
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing, 400715 China
| | - Yong Zhang
- College of Foreign Languages, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Yingmei Qin
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Information Sensing and Intelligent Control, School of Automation and Electrical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology and Education, Tianjin, 300222 China
| | - Yong Liu
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715 China
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715 China
| | - Qunlin Chen
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715 China
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715 China
| | - Ke Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognition Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Zhiliang Long
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715 China
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715 China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ventura-Campos N, Ferrando-Esteve L, Epifanio I. The underlying neural bases of the reversal error while solving algebraic word problems. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21654. [PMID: 36522380 PMCID: PMC9755259 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25442-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Problem solving is a core element in mathematical learning. The reversal error in problem solving occurs when students are able to recognize the information in the statement of comparison word problems, but they reverse the relationship between two variables when building the equations. Functional magnetic resonance images were acquired to identify for the first time the neural bases associated with the reversal error. The neuronal bases linked to this error have been used as inputs in 13 classifiers to discriminate between reversal error and non-reversal error groups. We found brain activation in bilateral fronto-parietal areas in the participants who committed reversal errors, and only left fronto-parietal activation in those who did not, suggesting that the reversal error group needed a greater cognitive demand. Instead, the non-reversal error group seems to show that they have developed solid algebraic knowledge. Additionally, the results showed brain activation in the right middle temporal gyrus when comparing the reversal error vs non-reversal error groups. This activation would be associated with the semantic processing which is required to understand the statement and build the equation. Finally, the classifier results show that the brain areas activated could be considered good biomarkers to help us identify competent solvers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noelia Ventura-Campos
- Department of Education and Specific Didactics, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón de La Plana, Spain
- Neuropsychology and Functional Neuroimaging Group, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón de La Plana, Spain
| | - Lara Ferrando-Esteve
- Department of Education and Specific Didactics, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón de La Plana, Spain.
- Neuropsychology and Functional Neuroimaging Group, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón de La Plana, Spain.
| | - Irene Epifanio
- Department of Mathematics, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón de La Plana, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Covantes-Osuna C, López JB, Paredes O, Vélez-Pérez H, Romo-Vázquez R. Multilayer Network Approach in EEG Motor Imagery with an Adaptive Threshold. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21248305. [PMID: 34960399 PMCID: PMC8704651 DOI: 10.3390/s21248305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The brain has been understood as an interconnected neural network generally modeled as a graph to outline the functional topology and dynamics of brain processes. Classic graph modeling is based on single-layer models that constrain the traits conveyed to trace brain topologies. Multilayer modeling, in contrast, makes it possible to build whole-brain models by integrating features of various kinds. The aim of this work was to analyze EEG dynamics studies while gathering motor imagery data through single-layer and multilayer network modeling. The motor imagery database used consists of 18 EEG recordings of four motor imagery tasks: left hand, right hand, feet, and tongue. Brain connectivity was estimated by calculating the coherence adjacency matrices from each electrophysiological band (δ, θ, α and β) from brain areas and then embedding them by considering each band as a single-layer graph and a layer of the multilayer brain models. Constructing a reliable multilayer network topology requires a threshold that distinguishes effective connections from spurious ones. For this reason, two thresholds were implemented, the classic fixed (average) one and Otsu’s version. The latter is a new proposal for an adaptive threshold that offers reliable insight into brain topology and dynamics. Findings from the brain network models suggest that frontal and parietal brain regions are involved in motor imagery tasks.
Collapse
|
5
|
A brain connectivity characterization of children with different levels of mathematical achievement based on graph metrics. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0227613. [PMID: 31951604 PMCID: PMC6968862 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies aiming to facilitate mathematical skill development in primary school children have explored the electrophysiological characteristics associated with different levels of arithmetic achievement. The present work introduces an alternative EEG signal characterization using graph metrics and, based on such features, a classification analysis using a decision tree model. This proposal aims to identify group differences in brain connectivity networks with respect to mathematical skills in elementary school children. The methods of analysis utilized were signal-processing (EEG artifact removal, Laplacian filtering, and magnitude square coherence measurement) and the characterization (Graph metrics) and classification (Decision Tree) of EEG signals recorded during performance of a numerical comparison task. Our results suggest that the analysis of quantitative EEG frequency-band parameters can be used successfully to discriminate several levels of arithmetic achievement. Specifically, the most significant results showed an accuracy of 80.00% (α band), 78.33% (δ band), and 76.67% (θ band) in differentiating high-skilled participants from low-skilled ones, averaged-skilled subjects from all others, and averaged-skilled participants from low-skilled ones, respectively. The use of a decision tree tool during the classification stage allows the identification of several brain areas that seem to be more specialized in numerical processing.
Collapse
|
6
|
González-Garrido AA, Gómez-Velázquez FR, Salido-Ruiz RA, Espinoza-Valdez A, Vélez-Pérez H, Romo-Vazquez R, Gallardo-Moreno GB, Ruiz-Stovel VD, Martínez-Ramos A, Berumen G. The analysis of EEG coherence reflects middle childhood differences in mathematical achievement. Brain Cogn 2018; 124:57-63. [PMID: 29747149 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2018.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Symbolic numerical magnitude processing is crucial to arithmetic development, and it is thought to be supported by the functional activation of several brain-interconnected structures. In this context, EEG beta oscillations have been recently associated with attention and working memory processing that underlie math achievement. Due to that EEG coherence represents a useful measure of brain functional connectivity, we aimed to contrast the EEG coherence in forty 8-to-9-year-old children with different math skill levels (High: HA, and Low achievement: LA) according to their arithmetic scores in the Fourth Edition of the Wide Range Achievement Test (WRAT-4) while performing a symbolic magnitude comparison task (i.e. determining which of two numbers is numerically larger). The analysis showed significantly greater coherence over the right hemisphere in the two groups, but with a distinctive connectivity pattern. Whereas functional connectivity in the HA group was predominant in parietal areas, especially involving beta frequencies, the LA group showed more extensive frontoparietal relationships, with higher participation of delta, theta and alpha band frequencies, along with a distinct time-frequency domain expression. The results seem to reflect that lower math achievements in children mainly associate with cognitive processing steps beyond stimulus encoding, along with the need of further attentional resources and cognitive control than their peers, suggesting a lower degree of numerical processing automation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrés A González-Garrido
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Francisco de Quevedo 180, Col. Arcos Vallarta, Guadalajara, Jalisco 44130, Mexico; O.P.D. Hospital Civil de Guadalajara, Calle Coronel Calderón #777, El Retiro, 44280 Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.
| | - Fabiola R Gómez-Velázquez
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Francisco de Quevedo 180, Col. Arcos Vallarta, Guadalajara, Jalisco 44130, Mexico
| | | | | | - Hugo Vélez-Pérez
- Departamento de Ciencias Computacionales, CUCEI, Universidad de Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Rebeca Romo-Vazquez
- Departamento de Ciencias Computacionales, CUCEI, Universidad de Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Geisa B Gallardo-Moreno
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Francisco de Quevedo 180, Col. Arcos Vallarta, Guadalajara, Jalisco 44130, Mexico
| | - Vanessa D Ruiz-Stovel
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Francisco de Quevedo 180, Col. Arcos Vallarta, Guadalajara, Jalisco 44130, Mexico
| | | | - Gustavo Berumen
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Francisco de Quevedo 180, Col. Arcos Vallarta, Guadalajara, Jalisco 44130, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Guixeres J, Bigné E, Ausín Azofra JM, Alcañiz Raya M, Colomer Granero A, Fuentes Hurtado F, Naranjo Ornedo V. Consumer Neuroscience-Based Metrics Predict Recall, Liking and Viewing Rates in Online Advertising. Front Psychol 2017; 8:1808. [PMID: 29163251 PMCID: PMC5671759 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the present study is to investigate whether the effectiveness of a new ad on digital channels (YouTube) can be predicted by using neural networks and neuroscience-based metrics (brain response, heart rate variability and eye tracking). Neurophysiological records from 35 participants were exposed to 8 relevant TV Super Bowl commercials. Correlations between neurophysiological-based metrics, ad recall, ad liking, the ACE metrix score and the number of views on YouTube during a year were investigated. Our findings suggest a significant correlation between neuroscience metrics and self-reported of ad effectiveness and the direct number of views on the YouTube channel. In addition, and using an artificial neural network based on neuroscience metrics, the model classifies (82.9% of average accuracy) and estimate the number of online views (mean error of 0.199). The results highlight the validity of neuromarketing-based techniques for predicting the success of advertising responses. Practitioners can consider the proposed methodology at the design stages of advertising content, thus enhancing advertising effectiveness. The study pioneers the use of neurophysiological methods in predicting advertising success in a digital context. This is the first article that has examined whether these measures could actually be used for predicting views for advertising on YouTube.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Guixeres
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación en Bioingeniería, Universidad Politécnica de València, València, Spain
| | - Enrique Bigné
- Departamento de Comercialización e Investigación de Mercados, Facultad de Economía, Universitat de València, València, Spain
| | - Jose M. Ausín Azofra
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación en Bioingeniería, Universidad Politécnica de València, València, Spain
| | - Mariano Alcañiz Raya
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación en Bioingeniería, Universidad Politécnica de València, València, Spain
| | - Adrián Colomer Granero
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación en Bioingeniería, Universidad Politécnica de València, València, Spain
| | - Félix Fuentes Hurtado
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación en Bioingeniería, Universidad Politécnica de València, València, Spain
| | - Valery Naranjo Ornedo
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación en Bioingeniería, Universidad Politécnica de València, València, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
|
9
|
Kingyon J, Behroozmand R, Kelley R, Oya H, Kawasaki H, Narayanan NS, Greenlee JDW. High-gamma band fronto-temporal coherence as a measure of functional connectivity in speech motor control. Neuroscience 2015; 305:15-25. [PMID: 26232713 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.07.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Revised: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 07/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The neural basis of human speech is unclear. Intracranial electrophysiological recordings have revealed that high-gamma band oscillations (70-150Hz) are observed in the frontal lobe during speech production and in the temporal lobe during speech perception. Here, we tested the hypothesis that the frontal and temporal brain regions had high-gamma coherence during speech. We recorded electrocorticography (ECoG) from the frontal and temporal cortices of five humans who underwent surgery for medically intractable epilepsy, and studied coherence between the frontal and temporal cortex during vocalization and playback of vocalization. We report two novel results. First, we observed high-gamma band as well as theta (4-8Hz) coherence between frontal and temporal lobes. Second, both high-gamma and theta coherence were stronger when subjects were actively vocalizing as compared to playback of the same vocalizations. These findings provide evidence that coupling between sensory-motor networks measured by high-gamma coherence plays a key role in feedback-based monitoring and control of vocal output for human vocalization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Kingyon
- Department of Neurology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - R Behroozmand
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States; Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - R Kelley
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - H Oya
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - H Kawasaki
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - N S Narayanan
- Department of Neurology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States; Aging Mind and Brain Initiative, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States.
| | - J D W Greenlee
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Li Y, Rui X, Li S, Pu F. Investigation of global and local network properties of music perception with culturally different styles of music. Comput Biol Med 2014; 54:37-43. [PMID: 25212116 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2014.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2013] [Revised: 07/23/2014] [Accepted: 08/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Graph theoretical analysis has recently become a popular research tool in neuroscience, however, there have been very few studies on brain responses to music perception, especially when culturally different styles of music are involved. METHODS Electroencephalograms were recorded from ten subjects listening to Chinese traditional music, light music and western classical music. For event-related potentials, phase coherence was calculated in the alpha band and then constructed into correlation matrices. Clustering coefficients and characteristic path lengths were evaluated for global properties, while clustering coefficients and efficiency were assessed for local network properties. RESULTS Perception of light music and western classical music manifested small-world network properties, especially with a relatively low proportion of weights of correlation matrices. For local analysis, efficiency was more discernible than clustering coefficient. Nevertheless, there was no significant discrimination between Chinese traditional and western classical music perception. CONCLUSIONS Perception of different styles of music introduces different network properties, both globally and locally. Research into both global and local network properties has been carried out in other areas; however, this is a preliminary investigation aimed at suggesting a possible new approach to brain network properties in music perception.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; Research Institute of Beihang University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Xue Rui
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Shuyu Li
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Fang Pu
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Susac A, Braeutigam S. A case for neuroscience in mathematics education. Front Hum Neurosci 2014; 8:314. [PMID: 24904357 PMCID: PMC4033123 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2014.00314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2014] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Susac
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sven Braeutigam
- Department of Psychiatry, Oxford Centre for Human Brain Activity, University of Oxford Oxford, UK
| |
Collapse
|