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Bishal AK, Sukotjo C, Jokisaari JR, Klie RF, Takoudis CG. Enhanced Bioactivity of Collagen Fiber Functionalized with Room Temperature Atomic Layer Deposited Titania. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:34443-34454. [PMID: 30212175 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b05857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Surface modifications of a biomaterial like collagen are crucial in improving the surface properties and thus enhancing the functionality and performance of such a material for a variety of biomedical applications. In this study, a commercially available collagen membrane's surface was functionalized by depositing an ultrathin film of titania or titanium dioxide (TiO2) using a room temperature atomic layer deposition (ALD) process. A novel titanium precursor-oxidizer combination was used for this process in a custom-made ALD reactor. Surface characterizations revealed successful deposition of uniform, conformal TiO2 thin film on the collagen fibrillar surface, and consequently, the fibers became thicker making the membrane pores smaller. The in vitro bioactivity of the ALD-TiO2 thin film coated collagen was investigated for the first time using cell proliferation and a calcium phosphate mineralization assay. The TiO2-coated collagen demonstrated improved biocompatibility promoting higher growth and proliferation of human osteoblastic and mesenchymal stem cells when compared to that of noncoated collagen. A higher level of calcium phosphate or apatite formation was observed on ALD modified collagen surface as compared to that on noncoated collagen. Therefore, this novel material can be promising in bone tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arghya K Bishal
- Department of Bioengineering , University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago , Illinois 60607 , United States
| | - Cortino Sukotjo
- Department of Bioengineering , University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago , Illinois 60607 , United States
- Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry , University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago , Illinois 60612 , United States
| | - Jacob R Jokisaari
- Department of Physics , University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago , Illinois 60607 , United States
| | - Robert F Klie
- Department of Physics , University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago , Illinois 60607 , United States
| | - Christos G Takoudis
- Department of Bioengineering , University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago , Illinois 60607 , United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering , University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago , Illinois 60607 , United States
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Sritharan S, Kannan TP, Norazmi MN, Nurul AA. The synergistic effects of IL-6/IL-17A promote osteogenic differentiation by improving OPG/RANKL ratio and adhesion of MC3T3-E1 cells on hydroxyapatite. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2018; 46:1361-1367. [PMID: 29805067 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this study, we evaluated the potential role of IL-6 and/or IL-17A in regulating the OPG/RANKL (osteoprotegerin/receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa b ligand) system of murine osteoblast cell line (MC3T3-E1) cultured on hydroxyapatite (HA). METHODS MC3T3-E1 cells were seeded on HA and treated with recombinant IL-6 or rIL-17A or combination of the two cytokines. Cell proliferation and differentiation activity were measured by MTS and alkaline phosphatase assays respectively. Observation of cell adhesion and proliferation was examined by scanning electron microscopy. Gene and protein expressions were performed on RANKL and OPG using qPCR, Western blot and ELISA. RESULTS We demonstrated that treatment with recombinant IL-17A (rIL-17A) and the combination rIL-6/rIL-17A promoted better adhesion and higher proliferation of cells on HA. Cells treated with rIL-17A and the combination cytokines showed a significant increase in differentiation activity on day 7, 10 and 14 as indicated by ALP activity (p < 0.001). Gene and protein expressions showed significant up-regulation of OPG and ALP (p < 0.001) and down-regulation of RANKL (p < 0.001) expression by all the treated groups. Interestingly, the combination of the two cytokines resulted in a significant increase of OPG/RANKL ratio (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION These findings indicated that treatment with the combination of the two cytokines (IL-6/IL-17A) has synergistic effects to promote osteoblastic differentiation but suppress osteoclastogenesis by altering the OPG/RANKL ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaminea Sritharan
- School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Thirumulu Ponnuraj Kannan
- School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia; Human Genome Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Nor Norazmi
- School of Health Sciences (Head: Professor Norazmi MN), Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Asma Abdullah Nurul
- School of Health Sciences (Head: Professor Norazmi MN), Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
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Wrobel E, Leszczynska J, Brzoska E. The Characteristics Of Human Bone-Derived Cells (HBDCS) during osteogenesis in vitro. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2016; 21:26. [PMID: 28536628 PMCID: PMC5415846 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-016-0027-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The primary human bone-derived cell culture technique is used as a model to study human osteogenesis. Compared to cell line cultures, primary osteoprogenitor and osteoblast cultures provide more complex information about osteogenesis, bone remodeling and regeneration than cell line cultures. METHODS In this study, we isolated human bone-derived cells (HBDCs) and promoted their differentiation into osteoblasts. The following parameters were evaluated: cell number and viability, total protein expression, alkaline phosphatase activity, collagenous matrix production and osteogenic genes expression, i.e., gene coding for type I collagen and alkaline phosphatase. RESULTS It was proved the results show that HBDCs intensively proliferate during the first 7 days of culture followed by differentiation accompanied by an increase in alkaline phosphatase activity. Moreover, it was observed that during the differentiation of HBDCs, the expression of integrin β1 increased. CONCLUSIONS The process was also accompanied by changes in cell shape and rearrangement of the actin cytoskeleton and focal contacts containing FAK and the integrin β1 subunit. We suggest that the β1 integrin subunit may be a suitable new target in studies of the differentiation of primary human osteoblasts in culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edyta Wrobel
- Department of Biophysics and Human Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, ul. Chalubinskiego 5, 02-004, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Leszczynska
- Department of Biophysics and Human Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, ul. Chalubinskiego 5, 02-004, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Edyta Brzoska
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Zoology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, ul. Miecznikowa 1, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
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Marques IDSV, Alfaro MF, Saito MT, da Cruz NC, Takoudis C, Landers R, Mesquita MF, Nociti Junior FH, Mathew MT, Sukotjo C, Barão VAR. Biomimetic coatings enhance tribocorrosion behavior and cell responses of commercially pure titanium surfaces. Biointerphases 2016; 11:031008. [PMID: 27514370 PMCID: PMC4982872 DOI: 10.1116/1.4960654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2016] [Revised: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Biofunctionalized surfaces for implants are currently receiving much attention in the health care sector. Our aims were (1) to create bioactive Ti-coatings doped with Ca, P, Si, and Ag produced by microarc oxidation (MAO) to improve the surface properties of biomedical implants, (2) to investigate the TiO2 layer stability under wear and corrosion, and (3) to evaluate human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) responses cultured on the modified surfaces. Tribocorrosion and cell experiments were performed following the MAO treatment. Samples were divided as a function of different Ca/P concentrations and treatment duration. Higher Ca concentration produced larger porous and harder coatings compared to the untreated group (p < 0.001), due to the presence of rutile structure. Free potentials experiments showed lower drops (-0.6 V) and higher coating lifetime during sliding for higher Ca concentration, whereas lower concentrations presented similar drops (-0.8 V) compared to an untreated group wherein the drop occurred immediately after the sliding started. MAO-treated surfaces improved the matrix formation and osteogenic gene expression levels of hMSCs. Higher Ca/P ratios and the addition of Ag nanoparticles into the oxide layer presented better surface properties, tribocorrosive behavior, and cell responses. MAO is a promising technique to enhance the biological, chemical, and mechanical properties of dental implant surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella da Silva Vieira Marques
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Av Limeira, 901, Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Maria Fernanda Alfaro
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Dentistry, 801 S Paulina, Chicago, Illinois 60612
| | - Miki Taketomi Saito
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Av Limeira, 901, Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Nilson Cristino da Cruz
- Laboratory of Technological Plasmas, Engineering College, Univ Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Av Três de Março, 511, Sorocaba, São Paulo 18087-180, Brazil
| | - Christos Takoudis
- Departments of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, 851 S. Morgan St., SEO 218, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - Richard Landers
- Institute of Physics Gleb Wataghin, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Barão Geraldo, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-859, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Ferraz Mesquita
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Av Limeira, 901, Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Francisco Humberto Nociti Junior
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Av Limeira, 901, Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Mathew T Mathew
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois, College of Medicine at Rockford, 1601 Parkview Avenue, Rockford, Illinois 61107
| | - Cortino Sukotjo
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Dentistry, 801 S Paulina, Chicago, Illinois 60612
| | - Valentim Adelino Ricardo Barão
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Av Limeira, 901, Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil
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Chróścicka A, Jaegermann Z, Wychowański P, Ratajska A, Sadło J, Hoser G, Michałowski S, Lewandowska-Szumiel M. Synthetic Calcite as a Scaffold for Osteoinductive Bone Substitutes. Ann Biomed Eng 2015; 44:2145-57. [PMID: 26666226 PMCID: PMC4893069 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-015-1520-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Although a wide variety of biomaterials have been already proposed for use in bone tissue engineering, there is still need for man-made materials, which would combine support for osteogenesis with simplicity desirable for upscaling and costs reduction. In this study we have shown that synthetic calcite may serve as a scaffold for human osteoblasts transplantation. A simple dynamic system allows uniform and effective cell distribution. Cell viability and osteogenic phenotype were confirmed by XTT assay, alkaline phosphatase activity and selected osteoblast-specific genes expression. Extracellular matrix deposited by cells improved elasticity and made the whole system similar to the flexible composite material rather than to the brittle ceramic implants. It was revealed in the compression tests and also by the improved samples handling. Subcutaneous implantation of the cell-seeded calcite scaffolds to immunodeficient mice resulted in mineralized bone formation, which was confirmed histologically and by EPR analysis. The latter we propose as a method supplementary to histological analysis, for bone regeneration investigations. It specifically confirms the presence of bone mineral with a unique sensitivity and using bulk samples, which eliminates the risk of missing the material in the preparation. Our study resulted in development of a new osteogenic tissue engineered product based on man-made calcite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Chróścicka
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Center for Biostructure Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Chałubińskiego 5, 02-004, Warsaw, Poland.,Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology, Banacha 1B, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland.,Department of Biophysics and Human Physiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Chałubińskiego 5, 02-004, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Jaegermann
- Department of Ceramic Technology, Institute of Ceramics and Building Materials, Postepu 9, 02-676, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Wychowański
- Department of Oral Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, Nowogrodzka 59, 00-006, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Ratajska
- Department of Pathology, Center for Biostructure Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Chałubińskiego 5, 02-004, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jarosław Sadło
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16, 03-195, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Grażyna Hoser
- Laboratory of Flow Cytometry, Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, Marymoncka 99/103, 01-813, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sławomir Michałowski
- Department of Ceramic Technology, Institute of Ceramics and Building Materials, Postepu 9, 02-676, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Lewandowska-Szumiel
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Center for Biostructure Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Chałubińskiego 5, 02-004, Warsaw, Poland. .,Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology, Banacha 1B, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland.
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Olkowski R, Kaszczewski P, Czechowska J, Siek D, Pijocha D, Zima A, Ślósarczyk A, Lewandowska-Szumieł M. Cytocompatibility of the selected calcium phosphate based bone cements: comparative study in human cell culture. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2015; 26:270. [PMID: 26511138 PMCID: PMC4624837 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-015-5589-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2014] [Accepted: 09/26/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Calcium phosphate cements (CPC) are valuable bone fillers. Recently they have been also considered as the basis for drug-, growth factors- or cells-delivery systems. Broad possibilities to manipulate CPC composition provide a unique opportunity to obtain materials with a wide range of physicochemical properties. In this study we show that CPC composition significantly influences cell response. Human bone derived cells were exposed to the several well-characterized different cements based on calcium phosphates, magnesium phosphates and calcium sulfate hemihydrate (CSH). Cell viability assays, live/dead staining and real-time observation of cells in contact with the materials (time-laps) were performed. Although all the investigated materials have successfully passed a standard cytocompatibility assay, cell behavior in a direct contact with the materials varied depending on the material and the experimental system. The most recommended were the α-TCP-based materials which proved suitable as a support for cells in a direct contact. The materials which caused a decrease of calcium ions concentration in culture induced the negative cell response, however this effect might be expected efficiently compensated in vivo. All the materials consisting of CSH had negative impact on the cells. The obtained results strongly support running series of cytocompatibility studies for preclinical evaluation of bone cements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radosław Olkowski
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Centre for Biostructure Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
- Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Kaszczewski
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Centre for Biostructure Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
- Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Czechowska
- Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH-University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
| | - Dominika Siek
- Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH-University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
| | - Dawid Pijocha
- Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH-University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
| | - Aneta Zima
- Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH-University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna Ślósarczyk
- Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH-University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Lewandowska-Szumieł
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Centre for Biostructure Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
- Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
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Gazzarri M, Bartoli C, Mota C, Puppi D, Dinucci D, Volpi S, Chiellini F. Fibrous star poly(ε-caprolactone) melt-electrospun scaffolds for wound healing applications. J BIOACT COMPAT POL 2013. [DOI: 10.1177/0883911513494625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Polymeric fibrous scaffolds based on the biocompatible and biodegradable three-arm-branched star poly(ε-caprolactone) (Mw = 189,000 g/mol) were prepared by a melt electrospinning technique. The possibility of processing polymers without the use of organic solvents is one of the main advantages over solution electrospinning. Scaffolds were biologically tested for their ability of supporting skin tissue regeneration. For this purpose, mouse embryo fibroblast (BALB/3T3 clone A31) and human keratinocyte (HaCaT) cell lines were selected as models, and seeded onto the polymeric supports both as single and co-culture. Cell viability, proliferation, and collagen production were assessed by WST-1 assay and Direct Red 80 dye, respectively. Cell morphology and colonization of the supports were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Results highlighted that the star poly(ε-caprolactone) scaffolds were able to promote collagen production by fibroblasts. In co-culture studies, scaffolds supported adhesion, proliferation, and spatial organization of both cell lines. By virtue of the observed results, the developed polymeric scaffolds appeared suitable as biodegradable and biocompatible three-dimensional supports for skin tissue regeneration in wound healing dressing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Gazzarri
- Laboratory of Bioactive Polymeric Materials for Biomedical and Environmental Applications (BIOLab), Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, San Piero a Grado (Pi), Italy
| | - Cristina Bartoli
- Laboratory of Bioactive Polymeric Materials for Biomedical and Environmental Applications (BIOLab), Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, San Piero a Grado (Pi), Italy
| | - Carlos Mota
- Laboratory of Bioactive Polymeric Materials for Biomedical and Environmental Applications (BIOLab), Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, San Piero a Grado (Pi), Italy
| | - Dario Puppi
- Laboratory of Bioactive Polymeric Materials for Biomedical and Environmental Applications (BIOLab), Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, San Piero a Grado (Pi), Italy
| | - Dinuccio Dinucci
- Laboratory of Bioactive Polymeric Materials for Biomedical and Environmental Applications (BIOLab), Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, San Piero a Grado (Pi), Italy
| | - Silvia Volpi
- Laboratory of Bioactive Polymeric Materials for Biomedical and Environmental Applications (BIOLab), Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, San Piero a Grado (Pi), Italy
| | - Federica Chiellini
- Laboratory of Bioactive Polymeric Materials for Biomedical and Environmental Applications (BIOLab), Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, San Piero a Grado (Pi), Italy
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Ma J, Yang F, Both SK, Kersten-Niessen M, Bongio M, Pan J, Cui FZ, Kasper FK, Mikos AG, Jansen JA, van den Beucken JJJP. Comparison of cell-loading methods in hydrogel systems. J Biomed Mater Res A 2013; 102:935-46. [PMID: 23650286 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.34784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2013] [Revised: 04/20/2013] [Accepted: 04/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Bone regenerative medicine, based on the combined use of cells and scaffolds, represents a promising strategy in bone regeneration. Hydrogels have attracted huge interests for application as a scaffold for minimally invasive surgery. Collagen and oligo(poly(ethylene glycol)fumarate) (OPF) hydrogels are the representatives of two main categories of hydrogels, that is, natural- and synthetic-based hydrogels. With these the optimal cell-loading (i.e., cell distribution inside the hydrogels) method was assessed. The cell behavior of both bone marrow- and adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM- and AT-MSCs) in three loading methods, which are dispersed (i.e., homogeneous cell encapsulation, D), sandwich (i.e., cells located in between two hydrogel layers, S), and spheroid (i.e., cell pellets encapsulation, Sp) loading in two hydrogel systems (i.e., collagen and OPF), was compared. The results suggested that the cell behavior was influenced by the hydrogel type, meaning cells cultured in collagen hydrogels had higher proliferation and osteogenic differentiation capacity than in OPF hydrogels. In addition, AT-MSCs exhibited higher proliferation and osteogenic properties compared to BM-MSCs. However, no difference was observed for mineralization among the three loading methods, which did not approve the hypothesis that S and Sp loading would increase osteogenic capacity compared to D loading. In conclusion, D and Sp loading represents two promising cell loading methods for injectable bone substitute materials that allow application of minimally invasive surgery for cell-based regenerative treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinling Ma
- Department of Biomaterials, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
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Leszczynska J, Zyzynska-Granica B, Koziak K, Ruminski S, Lewandowska-Szumiel M. Contribution of endothelial cells to human bone-derived cells expansion in coculture. Tissue Eng Part A 2012; 19:393-402. [PMID: 22924666 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2011.0710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Creating a functional vascularized bone tissue remains one of the main goals of bone tissue engineering. Recently, a growing interest in the crosstalk between endothelial cells (EC) and osteoblasts (OB), the two main players in a new bone formation, has been observed. However, only a few reports have addressed a mutual influence of OB and EC on cell proliferation. Our study focuses on this issue by investigating cocultures of human bone-derived cells (HBDC) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). Three various proportions of cells have been used that is, HBDC:HUVEC 1:1, 1:4, and 4:1 and the cocultures were investigated on day 1, 4, and 7, while HUVEC and HBDC monocultures served as reference. We have detected enhanced alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in a direct HBDC-HUVEC coculture. This effect was not observed when cells were separated by an insert, which is consistent with other reports on various OB-EC lineages. The appearance of gap-junctions in coculture was confirmed by a positive staining for connexin 43. The number of cells of both phenotypes has been determined by flow cytometry: CD-31-positive cells have been considered EC, while CD-31-negative have been counted as OB. We have observed an over 14-fold increase in OB number after a week in the 1:4 HBDC:HUVEC coculture as compared with less than fourfold in monoculture. The increase in HBDC number in 1:1 coculture has been less pronounced and has reached the value of about sevenfold. These results correspond well with the cell proliferation rate, which has been measured by 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine incorporation. Moreover, at day 7 EC have been still present in the coculture, which is inconsistent with some other reports. Real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis has revealed the upregulation of ALP and collagen type I genes, but not osteocalcin gene, in all the cocultures grown without pro-osteogenic additives. Our study indicates that HUVEC significantly promote HBDC expansion and upregulate collagen I gene expression in these cells. We believe that these findings have application potency in bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Leszczynska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Center of Biostructure Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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Cao L, Liu G, Gan Y, Fan Q, Yang F, Zhang X, Tang T, Dai K. The use of autologous enriched bone marrow MSCs to enhance osteoporotic bone defect repair in long-term estrogen deficient goats. Biomaterials 2012; 33:5076-84. [PMID: 22504017 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.03.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2012] [Accepted: 03/21/2012] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Bone defects are common in elderly patients suffering from osteoporosis. Current methods of bone defect treatment for osteoporosis are not always satisfactory. In this study, we demonstrated that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) harvested from goats with long-term estrogen deficiencies exhibited a lower proliferation rate and decreased osteogenic capacity, which are critical obstacles for bone defect repair in the elderly. However, by combining autologous enriched bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells with porous β-TCP, we successfully repaired critical-sized bone defects in the medial femoral condyle of the osteoporotic goats. Both micro-CT images and histomorphometry analysis illustrated improved bone formation following the enriched MSC therapy. Thus, we proposed autologous enriched bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells as a quick, safe therapeutic strategy to treat osteoporotic bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Cao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implant, Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, People's Republic of China
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Woźniak P, Bil M, Ryszkowska J, Wychowański P, Wróbel E, Ratajska A, Hoser G, Przybylski J, Kurzydłowski KJ, Lewandowska-Szumieł M. Candidate bone-tissue-engineered product based on human-bone-derived cells and polyurethane scaffold. Acta Biomater 2010; 6:2484-93. [PMID: 19837193 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2009.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2009] [Revised: 10/10/2009] [Accepted: 10/13/2009] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Biodegradable polyurethanes (PURs) have recently been investigated as candidate materials for bone regenerative medicine. There are promising reports documenting the biocompatibility of selected PURs in vivo and the tolerance of certain cells toward PURs in vitro - potentially to be used as scaffolds for tissue-engineered products (TEPs). The aim of the present study was to take a step forward and create a TEP using human osteogenic cells and a polyurethane scaffold, and to evaluate the quality of the obtained TEP in vivo. Human-bone-derived cells (HBDCs) were seeded and cultured on polyurethane scaffolds in a bioreactor for 14 days. The TEP examination in vitro was based on the evaluation of cell number, cell phenotype and cell distribution within the scaffold. TEPs and control samples (scaffolds without cells) were implanted subcutaneously into SCID mice for 4 and 13 weeks. Explants harvested from the animals were examined using histological and immunohistochemical methods. They were also tested in mechanical trials. It was found that dynamic conditions for cell seeding and culture enable homogeneous distribution, maintaining the proliferative potential and osteogenic phenotype of the HBDCs cultured on polyurethane scaffolds. It was also found that HBDCs implanted as a component of TEP survived and kept their ability to produce the specific human bone extracellular matrix, which resulted in higher mechanical properties of the harvested explants when preseeded with HBDCs. The whole system, including the investigated PUR scaffold and the method of human cell seeding and culture, is recommended as a candidate bone TEP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Woźniak
- Department of Biophysics and Human Physiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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Bombonato-Prado KF, Bellesini LS, Junta CM, Marques MM, Passos GA, Rosa AL. Microarray-based gene expression analysis of human osteoblasts in response to different biomaterials. J Biomed Mater Res A 2009; 88:401-8. [PMID: 18306281 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.31701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Several biomaterials have been widely used in bone regeneration/substitution procedures in orthopedic and oral surgery. However, how these biomaterials alter osteoblast gene expression is poorly understood. We therefore attempted to address this question by using cDNA microarray technique to identify genes that are differentially regulated in osteoblasts exposed to biomaterials comprehending the biocompatibility spectrum of bioactive (bioglass and hydroxyapatite), bioinert (Ti and stainless steel), and biotolerant (polymethylmethacrylate). By using a cDNA microarray containing 687 human IMAGE sequences, we identified in primary cultures of osteoblastic cells differentiated from the human bone marrow and exposed to these biomaterials, genes whose expression was significantly upregulated or downregulated. Among the differentially expressed genes we have found those involved with cell cycle regulation, cell differentiation and proliferation, apoptosis, cell adhesion, bone mineralization and skeletal development. These results can be relevant to a better understanding of the molecular mechanism underlying the behavior of osteoblasts in bone regenerative procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina F Bombonato-Prado
- Department of Morphology, Stomatology and Physiology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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Yliperttula M, Chung BG, Navaladi A, Manbachi A, Urtti A. High-throughput screening of cell responses to biomaterials. Eur J Pharm Sci 2008; 35:151-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2008.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2007] [Revised: 04/15/2008] [Accepted: 04/30/2008] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Jäger M, Urselmann F, Witte F, Zanger K, Li X, Ayers DC, Krauspe R. Osteoblast differentiation onto different biometals with an endoprosthetic surface topographyin vitro. J Biomed Mater Res A 2008; 86:61-75. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.31552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Jäger M, Feser T, Denck H, Krauspe R. Proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells cultured onto three different polymers in vitro. Ann Biomed Eng 2006; 33:1319-32. [PMID: 16240081 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-005-5889-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2005] [Accepted: 05/12/2005] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the osteoinductive and cell-binding properties of three different resorbable polymers were evaluated by human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). MSCs were isolated, expanded, and cultivated onto resorbable D,D,L,L-polylactide (PLLA), collagen I/III, and polygalactin-910/polydioxanone (PGPD) scaffolds in vitro. To evaluate the influence of dexamethasone, ascorbic acid, and beta-glycerolphosphate (DAG) on osteoblast differentiation, MSCs were incubated in a DAG-enriched medium. After a 28-day period in vitro, the cellular loaded polymers were digested enzymatically by papain and HCl. The Ca(2+) content of the biomembranes was evaluated by an o-kresolphthalein-complexon reaction via photometer. A PicoGreen assay was performed for dsDNA quantification. Significant differences between the number of adherent MSCs were documented (collagen > PLLA > PGPD). Compared to the initial number of adherent cells, all biomaterials induced a significant decrease in cellular adherence after 28 days in vitro. The presence of DAG-enriched culture medium stimulated the cellular proliferation for PLLA and slightly for PGPD, whereas cell proliferation was inhibited when MSCs were cultivated onto collagen I/III. In comparison with the control groups, all biomaterials (PLLA, PGPD, and collagen I/III) showed a significant increase in local Ca(2+) accumulation under DAG stimulation after 28 days in vitro. Furthermore, collagen I/III and PLLA scaffolds showed osteoinductive properties without DAG stimulation. These results were verified by immunocytochemical stainings against osteoblast-typical markers (osteopontin and alkaline phosphatase) and completed by calcified matrix detection (von Kossa staining). MSCs were identified by CD105 and CD13 antigen expression. Corresponding to an absence of CD34, CD45, and collagen II expression, we found no chondrogenic or hematopoietic cell differentiation. The results indicate significant differences for the proliferation, differentiation, adherence, and Ca(2+) accumulation between the tested polymers in a MSC culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Jäger
- Orthopaedic Research Lab, Department of Orthopaedics, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, D-40225 Duesseldorf, Germany (FRG).
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