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Moreira AMS, Freitas ETF, Reis MDP, Nogueira JM, Barbosa NPDU, Reis ALM, Pelli A, Camargo PRDS, Cardoso AV, de Paula RS, Jorge EC. Acute Exposure to Two Biocides Causes Morphological and Molecular Changes in the Gill Ciliary Epithelium of the Invasive Golden Mussel Limnoperna fortunei (Dunker, 1857). Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3258. [PMID: 37893982 PMCID: PMC10603641 DOI: 10.3390/ani13203258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Limnoperna fortunei, the golden mussel, is a bivalve mollusk considered an invader in South America. This species is responsible for ecological and economic damages due to its voluminous fouling capability. Chemical biocides such as MXD-100™ and sodium dichloroisocyanurate (NaDCC) are often used to control L. fortunei infestations in hydraulic systems. Thus, we proposed to investigate the effects of different periods (24, 48 and 72 h) of exposure to MXD-100™ (0.56 mg L-1) and NaDCC (1.5 mg L-1) on the gills of L. fortunei through morphological and molecular analyses. NaDCC promoted progressive morphological changes during the analyzed periods and only an upregulation of SOD and HSP70 expression during the first 24 h of exposure. MXD-100™ led to severe morphological changes from the first period of exposure, in addition to an upregulation of SOD, CAT, HSP70 and CYP expression during the first 24 h. In contrast, MXD-100™ led to a downregulation of CAT transcription between 24 and 48 h. In static conditions, NaDCC causes lethal damage after 72 h of exposure, and that exposure needs to be continuous to achieve the control of the species. Meanwhile, the MXD-100™ treatment presented several effects during the first 24 h, showing acute toxicity in a shorter period of time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Maria Siqueira Moreira
- Laboratório de Biologia Oral e do Desenvolvimento, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil; (A.M.S.M.); (J.M.N.); (R.S.d.P.)
- Centro de Bioengenharia de Espécies Invasoras de Hidrelétricas (CBEIH), Cidade Nova, Belo Horizonte 31035-536, MG, Brazil; (E.T.F.F.); (M.d.P.R.); (N.P.d.U.B.); (A.P.); (P.R.d.S.C.); (A.V.C.)
| | - Erico Tadeu Fraga Freitas
- Centro de Bioengenharia de Espécies Invasoras de Hidrelétricas (CBEIH), Cidade Nova, Belo Horizonte 31035-536, MG, Brazil; (E.T.F.F.); (M.d.P.R.); (N.P.d.U.B.); (A.P.); (P.R.d.S.C.); (A.V.C.)
- Electron Optics Facility, Materials Science and Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, USA
| | - Mariana de Paula Reis
- Centro de Bioengenharia de Espécies Invasoras de Hidrelétricas (CBEIH), Cidade Nova, Belo Horizonte 31035-536, MG, Brazil; (E.T.F.F.); (M.d.P.R.); (N.P.d.U.B.); (A.P.); (P.R.d.S.C.); (A.V.C.)
| | - Júlia Meireles Nogueira
- Laboratório de Biologia Oral e do Desenvolvimento, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil; (A.M.S.M.); (J.M.N.); (R.S.d.P.)
| | - Newton Pimentel de Ulhôa Barbosa
- Centro de Bioengenharia de Espécies Invasoras de Hidrelétricas (CBEIH), Cidade Nova, Belo Horizonte 31035-536, MG, Brazil; (E.T.F.F.); (M.d.P.R.); (N.P.d.U.B.); (A.P.); (P.R.d.S.C.); (A.V.C.)
| | - André Luiz Martins Reis
- Center for Population Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia;
| | - Afonso Pelli
- Centro de Bioengenharia de Espécies Invasoras de Hidrelétricas (CBEIH), Cidade Nova, Belo Horizonte 31035-536, MG, Brazil; (E.T.F.F.); (M.d.P.R.); (N.P.d.U.B.); (A.P.); (P.R.d.S.C.); (A.V.C.)
- Biotério Nico Nieser, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba 38025-100, MG, Brazil
| | - Paulo Ricardo da Silva Camargo
- Centro de Bioengenharia de Espécies Invasoras de Hidrelétricas (CBEIH), Cidade Nova, Belo Horizonte 31035-536, MG, Brazil; (E.T.F.F.); (M.d.P.R.); (N.P.d.U.B.); (A.P.); (P.R.d.S.C.); (A.V.C.)
- Biotério Nico Nieser, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba 38025-100, MG, Brazil
| | - Antonio Valadão Cardoso
- Centro de Bioengenharia de Espécies Invasoras de Hidrelétricas (CBEIH), Cidade Nova, Belo Horizonte 31035-536, MG, Brazil; (E.T.F.F.); (M.d.P.R.); (N.P.d.U.B.); (A.P.); (P.R.d.S.C.); (A.V.C.)
- Escola de Design, Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais (UEMG), Belo Horizonte 30140-091, MG, Brazil
| | - Rayan Silva de Paula
- Laboratório de Biologia Oral e do Desenvolvimento, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil; (A.M.S.M.); (J.M.N.); (R.S.d.P.)
- Centro de Bioengenharia de Espécies Invasoras de Hidrelétricas (CBEIH), Cidade Nova, Belo Horizonte 31035-536, MG, Brazil; (E.T.F.F.); (M.d.P.R.); (N.P.d.U.B.); (A.P.); (P.R.d.S.C.); (A.V.C.)
| | - Erika Cristina Jorge
- Laboratório de Biologia Oral e do Desenvolvimento, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil; (A.M.S.M.); (J.M.N.); (R.S.d.P.)
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Bobori DC, Feidantsis K, Dimitriadi A, Datsi N, Ripis P, Kalogiannis S, Sampsonidis I, Kastrinaki G, Ainali NM, Lambropoulou DA, Kyzas GZ, Koumoundouros G, Bikiaris DN, Kaloyianni M. Dose-Dependent Cytotoxicity of Polypropylene Microplastics (PP-MPs) in Two Freshwater Fishes. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23. [PMID: 36430357 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The massive accumulation of plastics over the decades in the aquatic environment has led to the dispersion of plastic components in aquatic ecosystems, invading the food webs. Plastics fragmented into microplastics can be bioaccumulated by fishes via different exposure routes, causing several adverse effects. In the present study, the dose-dependent cytotoxicity of 8−10 μm polypropylene microplastics (PP-MPs), at concentrations of 1 mg/g (low dose) and 10 mg/g dry food (high dose), was evaluated in the liver and gill tissues of two fish species, the zebrafish (Danio rerio) and the freshwater perch (Perca fluviatilis). According to our results, the inclusion of PP-MPs in the feed of D. rerio and P. fluviatilis hampered the cellular function of the gills and hepatic cells by lipid peroxidation, DNA damage, protein ubiquitination, apoptosis, autophagy, and changes in metabolite concentration, providing evidence that the toxicity of PP-MPs is dose dependent. With regard to the individual assays tested in the present study, the biggest impact was observed in DNA damage, which exhibited a maximum increase of 18.34-fold in the liver of D. rerio. The sensitivity of the two fish species studied differed, while no clear tissue specificity in both fish species was observed. The metabolome of both tissues was altered in both treatments, while tryptophan and nicotinic acid exhibited the greatest decrease among all metabolites in all treatments in comparison to the control. The battery of biomarkers used in the present study as well as metabolomic changes could be suggested as early-warning signals for the assessment of the aquatic environment quality against MPs. In addition, our results contribute to the elucidation of the mechanism induced by nanomaterials on tissues of aquatic organisms, since comprehending the magnitude of their impact on aquatic ecosystems is of great importance.
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Tang J, Zhang Z, Miao J, Tian Y, Pan L. Effects of benzo[a]pyrene exposure on oxidative stress and apoptosis of gill cells of Chlamys farreri in vitro. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2022; 93:103867. [PMID: 35483583 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2022.103867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
As a common pollutant in marine environment, benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) has high toxicity to economic shellfish. In order to explore the mechanism of oxidative stress and apoptosis, the effects of 0, 2, 4, 8 μg/mL B[a]P on gill cells of C. farreri at 12 and 24 h were studied. The results showed that B[a]P decreased the activity of gill cells, increased the content of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the expression of antioxidant defense genes. Besides, B[a]P could induce oxidative damage to nucleus and mitochondria. The gene expression and enzyme activity of apoptosis pathway related factors were changed. In conclusion, these results showed that B[a]P could cause oxidative stress and oxidative damage in gill cells of C. farreri, and mediate gill cell apoptosis through mitochondrial pathway and death receptor pathway. This article provides a theoretical basis for clarifying the molecular mechanism of PAHs-included oxidative stress and apoptosis in bivalves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Tang
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Zixian Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Jingjing Miao
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Yimeng Tian
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Luqing Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
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Silva Dos Santos F, Neves RAF, Crapez MAC, Teixeira VL, Krepsky N. How does the brown mussel Perna perna respond to environmental pollution? A review on pollution biomarkers. J Environ Sci (China) 2022; 111:412-428. [PMID: 34949370 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2021.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The brown mussel Perna perna (Linnaeus, 1758) is a valuable resource for aquaculture in tropical and subtropical coastal regions. It presents desirable characteristics for biomonitoring, including being sessile, widely distributed and abundant, and is a filter-feeder able to accumulate several classes of pollutants (e.g., metals, hydrocarbons, among others). Mussels' biological responses to pollution exposure can be measured as biomarkers, which include alterations ranging from molecular to physiological levels, to estimate the degree of environmental contamination and its effects on biota. This full review compiles two decades (2000-2020) of literature concerning biological effects on P. perna mussel caused by environmental pollutants (i.e., metals, hydrocarbons, and emerging pollutants), considering environmental and farm-based biomonitoring. Biochemical markers related to mussels' oxidative status were efficient for the biomonitoring of metals (i.e., antioxidant enzymes associated with oxidative damage in biomolecules). Genotoxicity and cytotoxicity indicators (i.e., comet, micronucleus, and neutral red assays) provided a depiction of hydrocarbon contamination. The neutral red assay gave a time-concentration cytotoxic response to a wide range of pollutants, including emerging pollutants (e.g., pharmaceuticals and biocides) and hydrocarbons. Perna perna hemocyte parameters provided a useful approach for biocide biomonitoring. This paper summarizes useful biomarkers from molecular to physiological levels in this mussel species used to identify and quantify the degree of coastal pollution. An integrated biomarker analysis may provide a way to overcome possible biomarker variations and assess multi-polluted sites. Nevertheless, it is necessary to investigate biomarker variations according to natural factors (e.g., season and gonad maturation stage) to standardize them for trustworthy biomonitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Silva Dos Santos
- Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Institute of Biology, Graduate Program in Science and Biotechnology, Mario Santos Braga Street, s/n. Centro, Niterói, RJ CEP 24.020-141, Brazil.
| | - Raquel A F Neves
- Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Institute of Biosciences (IBIO), Graduate Program in Neotropical Biodiversity (PPGBIO), Pasteur Avenue, 458. Urca, Rio de Janeiro, RJ CEP 22.290-255, Brazil
| | - Mirian Araújo Carlos Crapez
- Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Institute of Biology, Graduate Program in Marine Biology and Coastal Environments, Mario Santos Braga Street, s/n. Centro, Niterói, RJ CEP 24.020-141, Brazil
| | - Valéria Laneuville Teixeira
- Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Institute of Biology, Graduate Program in Science and Biotechnology, Mario Santos Braga Street, s/n. Centro, Niterói, RJ CEP 24.020-141, Brazil; Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Institute of Biosciences (IBIO), Graduate Program in Neotropical Biodiversity (PPGBIO), Pasteur Avenue, 458. Urca, Rio de Janeiro, RJ CEP 22.290-255, Brazil
| | - Natascha Krepsky
- Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Institute of Biosciences (IBIO), Graduate Program in Neotropical Biodiversity (PPGBIO), Pasteur Avenue, 458. Urca, Rio de Janeiro, RJ CEP 22.290-255, Brazil; Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Institute of Biosciences (IBIO), Graduate Program in Ecotourism and Conservation, Pasteur Avenue, 458. Urca, Rio de Janeiro, RJ CEP 22.290-255, Brazil
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Koagouw W, Hazell RJ, Ciocan C. Induction of apoptosis in the gonads of Mytilus edulis by metformin and increased temperature, via regulation of HSP70, CASP8, BCL2 and FAS. Mar Pollut Bull 2021; 173:113011. [PMID: 34649205 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.113011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceutically active compounds have been considered contaminants of emerging concern, in response to evidence that these substances may adversely affect aquatic organisms. Here we expose mussels for 7 days to metformin, the most commonly prescribed anti-diabetes treatment, at a concentration of 40 μg/L and a high temperature of 20 °C. The apoptosis-related genes HSP70, CASP8, BCL2 and FAS showed variation in expression in gonadal tissue. The results suggest that complex interactions between these genes are modulating the onset of apoptotic changes such as atresia and follicle degeneration. The temperature induced apoptosis may be initiated by overexpression of CASP8. Conversely, metformin may induce apoptosis by suppressing the anti-apoptotic gene BCL2, thus promoting the process. Interestingly, apoptosis and follicle degeneration are likely FAS-mediated, following the synergistic effect of metformin and temperature. The potential of metformin to act as a non-traditional EDC, due to its impact on the reproductive system in mussels is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wulan Koagouw
- School of Applied Sciences, University of Brighton, Lewes Road, Brighton BN2 4AT, United Kingdom; Centre for Aquatic Environments, University of Brighton, Lewes Road, Brighton BN2 4AT, United Kingdom; National Research and Innovation Agency, Jl. M. H. Thamrin No. 8 Jakarta, Indonesia.
| | - Richard J Hazell
- School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QG, United Kingdom.
| | - Corina Ciocan
- School of Applied Sciences, University of Brighton, Lewes Road, Brighton BN2 4AT, United Kingdom; Centre for Aquatic Environments, University of Brighton, Lewes Road, Brighton BN2 4AT, United Kingdom.
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Bernardeschi M, Guidi P, Palumbo M, Genovese M, Alfè M, Gargiulo V, Lucchesi P, Scarcelli V, Falleni A, Bergami E, Freyria FS, Bonelli B, Corsi I, Frenzilli G. Suitability of Nanoparticles to Face Benzo(a)pyrene-Induced Genetic and Chromosomal Damage in M. galloprovincialis. An In Vitro Approach. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2021; 11:1309. [PMID: 34063431 PMCID: PMC8155950 DOI: 10.3390/nano11051309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P) is a well-known genotoxic agent, the removal of which from environmental matrices is mandatory, necessitating the application of cleaning strategies that are harmless to human and environmental health. The potential application of nanoparticles (NPs) in the remediation of polluted environments is of increasing interest. Here, specifically designed NPs were selected as being non-genotoxic and able to interact with B(a)P, in order to address the genetic and chromosomal damage it produces. A newly formulated pure anatase nano-titanium (nano-TiO2), a commercial mixture of rutile and anatase, and carbon black-derived hydrophilic NPs (HNP) were applied. Once it had been ascertained that the NPs selected for the work did not induce genotoxicity, marine mussel gill biopsies were exposed in vitro to B(a)P (2 μg/mL), alone and in combination with the selected NPs (50 µg/mL nano-TiO2, 10 µg/mL HNP). DNA primary reversible damage was evaluated by means of the Comet assay. Chromosomal persistent damage was assessed on the basis of micronuclei frequency and nuclear abnormalities by means of the Micronucleus-Cytome assay. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) was performed to investigate the mechanism of action exerted by NPs. Pure Anatase n-TiO2 was found to be the most suitable for our purpose, as it is cyto- and genotoxicity free and able to reduce the genetic and chromosomal damage associated with exposure to B(a)P.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margherita Bernardeschi
- Section of Applied Biology and Genetics and INSTM Local Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (M.B.); (P.G.); (M.P.); (P.L.); (V.S.); (A.F.)
| | - Patrizia Guidi
- Section of Applied Biology and Genetics and INSTM Local Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (M.B.); (P.G.); (M.P.); (P.L.); (V.S.); (A.F.)
| | - Mara Palumbo
- Section of Applied Biology and Genetics and INSTM Local Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (M.B.); (P.G.); (M.P.); (P.L.); (V.S.); (A.F.)
| | - Massimo Genovese
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, 50121 Florence, Italy;
| | - Michela Alfè
- Institute of Science and Technology for Sustainable Energy and Mobility STEMS-CNR, 80126 Naples, Italy; (M.A.); (V.G.)
| | - Valentina Gargiulo
- Institute of Science and Technology for Sustainable Energy and Mobility STEMS-CNR, 80126 Naples, Italy; (M.A.); (V.G.)
| | - Paolo Lucchesi
- Section of Applied Biology and Genetics and INSTM Local Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (M.B.); (P.G.); (M.P.); (P.L.); (V.S.); (A.F.)
| | - Vittoria Scarcelli
- Section of Applied Biology and Genetics and INSTM Local Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (M.B.); (P.G.); (M.P.); (P.L.); (V.S.); (A.F.)
| | - Alessandra Falleni
- Section of Applied Biology and Genetics and INSTM Local Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (M.B.); (P.G.); (M.P.); (P.L.); (V.S.); (A.F.)
| | - Elisa Bergami
- Earth and Environmental Sciences and INSTM Local Unit, Department of Physical, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (E.B.); (I.C.)
| | - Francesca S. Freyria
- INSTM Unit of Torino-Politecnico, Department of Applied Science and Technology, 10129 Politecnico di Torino, Italy; (F.S.F.); (B.B.)
| | - Barbara Bonelli
- INSTM Unit of Torino-Politecnico, Department of Applied Science and Technology, 10129 Politecnico di Torino, Italy; (F.S.F.); (B.B.)
| | - Ilaria Corsi
- Earth and Environmental Sciences and INSTM Local Unit, Department of Physical, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (E.B.); (I.C.)
| | - Giada Frenzilli
- Section of Applied Biology and Genetics and INSTM Local Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (M.B.); (P.G.); (M.P.); (P.L.); (V.S.); (A.F.)
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Boroda AV, Kipryushina YO, Odintsova NA. The effects of cold stress on Mytilus species in the natural environment. Cell Stress Chaperones 2020; 25:821-832. [PMID: 32297161 PMCID: PMC7591686 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-020-01109-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental stressors induce changes in marine mussels from molecular (e.g., neurotransmitter and chaperone concentration, and expression of immune- and heat-shock protein-related genes) to physiological (e.g., filtration and heart rates, the number of circulating hemocytes) levels. Temperature directly affects the biogeographic distribution of mussels. Chaperones might form an essential part of endogenous protective mechanisms for the adaptation of these animals to low temperatures in nature. Here, we review the available studies dealing with cold stress responses of Mytilidae family members in their natural environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Victorovich Boroda
- National Scientific Center of Marine Biology of the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 17 Palchevsky St, Vladivostok, Primorsky Krai, 690041, Russia.
| | - Yulia Olegovna Kipryushina
- National Scientific Center of Marine Biology of the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 17 Palchevsky St, Vladivostok, Primorsky Krai, 690041, Russia
| | - Nelly Adolphovna Odintsova
- National Scientific Center of Marine Biology of the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 17 Palchevsky St, Vladivostok, Primorsky Krai, 690041, Russia
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Moëzzi F, Hedayati SA, Ghadermarzi A. Copper Bioaccumulation Kinetics in Swan Mussel, Anodonta cygnea (Linnaeus, 1758) During Waterborne Exposure to CuO Nanoparticles. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2019; 102:46-51. [PMID: 30443661 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-018-2489-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate bioaccumulation of copper in two internal organs (mantle and foot) of swan mussel, Anodonta cygnea (Linnaeus, 1758) in exposure to copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs). Basal concentration of Cu in the mantle (3.15 ± 1.09 µg g-1 DW) was significantly (p < 0.05) lower than the foot (5.43 ± 1.54 µg g-1 DW). At the end of the exposure period, the highest concentration of Cu in both organs belonged to the highest exposure concentration. Calculated bioconcentration factor (BCF) values showed significant (p < 0.05) higher values for the mantle in each day and each exposure concentration (except the lowest exposure concentration) than the foot. For both organs, the highest and lowest BCFs occurred at the lowest and highest exposure concentrations, respectively. Cu concentration in both organs was significantly (p < 0.05) decreased after day 4. Based on the results, it was obvious that exposure to sub-lethal concentrations of CuO NPs would lead to the significant accumulation of copper in mantle and foot that may have adverse effects on this organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fateh Moëzzi
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
| | - Seyyed Aliakbar Hedayati
- Department of Aquatic Production and Exploitation, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Amir Ghadermarzi
- Department of Aquatic Production and Exploitation, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University, Gorgan, Iran
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Barbosa DB, Mello ADA, Allodi S, de Barros CM. Acute exposure to water-soluble fractions of marine diesel oil: Evaluation of apoptosis and oxidative stress in an ascidian. Chemosphere 2018; 211:308-315. [PMID: 30077111 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.07.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
To understand the mechanisms involved in organisms' responses to toxicity from oil pollution, we studied the effect of acute exposure (24 h) to the marine water-soluble fraction of diesel oil (WFDO) on the ascidian Styela plicata. We evaluated the mortality and behavior by means of the siphon reflex, and the response of blood cells (hemocytes) contained in the pharynx, by means of the production of nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS), in addition to the activity of the antioxidant enzyme catalase (CAT). We also correlated oxidative stress with the activation of apoptotic pathways. No mortality occurred 24 h after the ascidians were exposed to 5% and 10% marine WFDO; however, the siphon reflex, a behavioral test based on the time that the animals took to close their siphons, increased. We also observed an inflammatory response, as estimated by the increase in the number of hemocytes in the pharynx. NO and ROS production and CAT activity were reduced, whereas caspase-3, a signaling molecule involved in apoptosis, was activated. This suggests that in ascidians acutely exposed to oil, another mechanism can occur in addition to oxidative stress. Another possibility is that WFDO may directly interact with cellular macromolecules and activate caspase-3, independently of generating oxidative stress. The results showed that components of diesel oil affected a marine organism, which showed reduced ROS production in the pharynx cells, including hemocytes, and activation of apoptotic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo Barreto Barbosa
- Laboratório Integrado de Morfologia, Núcleo em Ecologia e Desenvolvimento Sócio Ambiental de Macaé, NUPEM, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Campus UFRJ, Macaé, RJ, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Ambientais e Conservação, NUPEM, UFRJ, Macaé, RJ, Brazil
| | - Andressa de Abreu Mello
- Laboratório Integrado de Morfologia, Núcleo em Ecologia e Desenvolvimento Sócio Ambiental de Macaé, NUPEM, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Campus UFRJ, Macaé, RJ, Brazil; Laboratório de Neurobiologia Comparativa e do Desenvolvimento, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Biofísica, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Silvana Allodi
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia Comparativa e do Desenvolvimento, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Biofísica, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Cintia Monteiro de Barros
- Laboratório Integrado de Morfologia, Núcleo em Ecologia e Desenvolvimento Sócio Ambiental de Macaé, NUPEM, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Campus UFRJ, Macaé, RJ, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Ambientais e Conservação, NUPEM, UFRJ, Macaé, RJ, Brazil.
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10
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Gervais O, Renault T, Arzul I. Molecular and cellular characterization of apoptosis in flat oyster a key mechanisms at the heart of host-parasite interactions. Sci Rep 2018; 8:12494. [PMID: 30131502 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-29776-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Bonamia ostreae has been associated with the decline of flat oyster Ostrea edulis populations in some European countries. This obligatory intracellular parasite persists and multiplies into hemocytes. Previous in vitro experiments showed that apoptosis is activated in hemocytes between 1 h and 4 h of contact with the parasite. The flat oyster uses the apoptosis pathway to defend against B. ostreae. However, the parasite might be also able to modulate this response in order to survive in its host. In order to investigate this hypothesis the apoptotic response of the host was evaluated using flow cytometry, transmission electron microscopy and by measuring the response of genes involved in the apoptotic pathway after 4 h. In parallel, the parasite response was investigated by measuring the expression of B. ostreae genes involved in different biological functions including cell cycle and cell death. Obtained results allow describing molecular apoptotic pathways in O. edulis and confirm that apoptosis is early activated in hemocytes after a contact with B. ostreae. Interestingly, at cellular and molecular levels this process appeared downregulated after 44 h of contact. Concurrently, parasite gene expression appeared reduced suggesting that the parasite could inhibit its own metabolism to escape the immune response.
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11
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Wang J, Dong B, Yu ZX, Yao CL. The impact of acute thermal stress on green mussel Perna viridis: Oxidative damage and responses. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2018; 222:7-15. [PMID: 29654820 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2018.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Examining the physiological responses of mussels to thermal stress is crucial to evaluate their biogeographic distribution and ability to adapt to a changing climate. In the present study, we investigated the effects of acute cold (8 °C and 15 °C) and heat (35 °C and 42 °C) stress on the mortality rate, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and antioxdative responses in the gill tissue of the green mussel species Perna viridis. Our results showed that cold and heat stress induced a temperature-dependent increase in mortality rate. ROS production increased significantly (p < 0.01) after both cold and heat stress. However, the activities of antioxidant enzymes, including SOD, CAT and GSH-Px, were greatly enhanced only after heat stress. In addition, MDA content and MMP increased significantly under both cold and heat stress. The up-regulation of Hsp70 transcripts was only detected after acute stress at 35 °C. However, p38-MAPK phosphorylation levels increased after both cold and heat stress. In addition, a moderate activation of caspase-3 was found after mussels were exposed to 8 °C and 42 °C stress. Our results suggest that both extreme cold and heat stress could induce ROS production in the gill tissue of P. viridis, which might result in lipid peroxidation and mitochondria dysfunction. Antioxidative enzymes and Hsp70 might be important in the heat stress response of animals, whereas p38-MAPK might be crucial in the acute response to both cold and heat stress. However, caspase-3 activation might be very weak under both cold and heat stress.
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12
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Châtel A, Lièvre C, Barrick A, Bruneau M, Mouneyrac C. Transcriptomic approach: A promising tool for rapid screening nanomaterial-mediated toxicity in the marine bivalve Mytilus edulis-Application to copper oxide nanoparticles. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2018; 205:26-33. [PMID: 29382575 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2018.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The extensive development of nanotechnologies will inevitably lead to the release of nanomaterials (NMs) in the environment. As the aquatic environments represent the ultimate sink for various contaminants, it is highly probable that they also constitute a reservoir for NMs and hence aquatic animals represent potential targets. In a regulatory perspective, it is necessary to develop tools to rapidly screen the impact of NMs on model organisms, given that the number of NMs on the market will be increasing. In this context High Throughput Screening approaches represent relevant tools for the investigation of NM-mediated toxicity. The objective of this work was to study the effects of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs) in the marine bivalve Mytilus edulis, using a transcriptomic approach. Mussels were exposed in vivo to CuONPs (10 μg·L-1CuO NPs) for 24 h and analysis of mRNA expression levels of genes implicated in immune response, antioxidant activities, cell metabolism, cell transport and cytoskeleton was investigated by qPCR on hemocytes and gills. Results showed common effects of CuONPs and its ionic counterpart. However, greater effects of CuONPs on GST, SOD, MT, Actin, ATP synthase gene expressions were observed compared to ionic form indicating that toxicity of CuONPs is not solely due to the release of Cu2+. Even though M. edulis genome is not fully characterized, this study provides additional knowledge on the signaling pathways implicated in CuONP-mediated toxicity and demonstrates the reliability of using a qPCR approach to go further in the cellular aspects implicated in response to NPs in marine bivalves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amélie Châtel
- Laboratoire Mer, Molécules, Santé (MMS, EA 2160), Université Catholique de l'Ouest, Angers F-49000, France.
| | - Clémence Lièvre
- Laboratoire Mer, Molécules, Santé (MMS, EA 2160), Université Catholique de l'Ouest, Angers F-49000, France
| | - Andrew Barrick
- Laboratoire Mer, Molécules, Santé (MMS, EA 2160), Université Catholique de l'Ouest, Angers F-49000, France
| | - Mélanie Bruneau
- Laboratoire Mer, Molécules, Santé (MMS, EA 2160), Université Catholique de l'Ouest, Angers F-49000, France
| | - Catherine Mouneyrac
- Laboratoire Mer, Molécules, Santé (MMS, EA 2160), Université Catholique de l'Ouest, Angers F-49000, France
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13
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Zhang Y, Chen S, Qu M, Adeleye A, Di Y. Utilization of isolated marine mussel cells as an in vitro model to assess xenobiotics induced genotoxicity. Toxicol In Vitro 2017; 44:219-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2017.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 05/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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14
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Beyer J, Green NW, Brooks S, Allan IJ, Ruus A, Gomes T, Bråte ILN, Schøyen M. Blue mussels (Mytilus edulis spp.) as sentinel organisms in coastal pollution monitoring: A review. Mar Environ Res 2017; 130:338-365. [PMID: 28802590 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2017.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 267] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The blue mussel (Mytilus spp.) is widely used as a bioindicator for monitoring of coastal water pollution (mussel watch programs). Herein we provide a review of this study field with emphasis on: the suitability of Mytilus spp. as environmental sentinels; uptake and bioaccumulation patterns of key pollutant classes; the use of Mytilus spp. in mussel watch programs; recent trends in Norwegian mussel monitoring; environmental quality standards and background concentrations of key contaminants; pollutant effect biomarkers; confounding factors; particulate contaminants (microplastics, engineered nanomaterials); climate change; harmonization of monitoring procedures; and the use of deployed mussels (transplant caging) in pollution monitoring. Lastly, the overall state of the art of blue mussel pollution monitoring is discussed and some important issues for future research and development are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonny Beyer
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Gaustadalléen 21, NO-0349, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Norman W Green
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Gaustadalléen 21, NO-0349, Oslo, Norway
| | - Steven Brooks
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Gaustadalléen 21, NO-0349, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ian J Allan
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Gaustadalléen 21, NO-0349, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anders Ruus
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Gaustadalléen 21, NO-0349, Oslo, Norway; University of Oslo, Department of Biosciences, NO-0316, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tânia Gomes
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Gaustadalléen 21, NO-0349, Oslo, Norway
| | - Inger Lise N Bråte
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Gaustadalléen 21, NO-0349, Oslo, Norway
| | - Merete Schøyen
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Gaustadalléen 21, NO-0349, Oslo, Norway
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15
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Châtel A, Mouneyrac C. Signaling pathways involved in metal-based nanomaterial toxicity towards aquatic organisms. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2017; 196:61-70. [PMID: 28344012 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2017.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Environmental risk assessment of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) is an emergent field since nanotechnology industry is rapidly growing due to the interesting physicochemical properties of nanomaterials. Metal-based nanomaterials are among the most rapidly commercialized materials and their toxicity towards aquatic animals has been investigated at different levels of the biological organization. The objective of this synthesis review is to give an overview of the signaling molecules that have a key role in metal-based NM mediated cytotoxicity in both marine and freshwater organisms. Since toxicity of metal-based NMs could be (partly) due to metal dissolution, this review only highlights studies that showed a specific nano-effect. From this bibliographic study, three mechanisms (detoxification, immunomodulation and genotoxicity) have been selected as they represent the major cell defense mechanisms and the most studied ones following ENM exposure. This better understanding of NM-mediated cytotoxicity may provide a sound basis for designing environmentally safer nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amélie Châtel
- Université Catholique de l'Ouest, UBL, MMS EA 2160, 3 Place André Leroy, 49000 Angers, France.
| | - Catherine Mouneyrac
- Université Catholique de l'Ouest, UBL, MMS EA 2160, 3 Place André Leroy, 49000 Angers, France
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16
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Châtel A, Bruneau M, Lièvre C, Goupil A, Mouneyrac C. Spermatozoa: A relevant biological target for genotoxicity assessment of contaminants in the estuarine bivalve Scrobicularia plana. Mar Pollut Bull 2017; 116:488-490. [PMID: 28040247 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.12.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Revised: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Evaluation of DNA quality of gametes is a relevant method to predict potential consequences of pollutants in the next generations, as it allows to define adverse outcome pathways implicated in pollutant-mediated toxicity for risk assessment. In the present study, a comet assay was developed for the spermatozoa of Scrobicularia plana exposed to 10 and 100μg/L of benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) for 24h and 5days. The induction of apoptosis and repair mechanisms was assessed by determining caspase-3 activity and polymerase cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) mRNA expression level. Results showed that B[a]P induced high levels of DNA breaks that were associated with apoptosis for all the conditions tested, indicating that the spermatozoa were sensitive to B[a]P. PCNA gene expression was induced in animals exposed to the highest concentrations of B[a]P, suggesting that defence mechanisms were enhanced in these animals. This preliminary study demonstrated the utility of spermatozoa as a relevant biological target for genotoxicity assessment of contaminants and will enable to predict the effect of contaminants on future generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amélie Châtel
- Laboratoire Mer, Molécules, Santé (MMS, EA 2160), Université Catholique de l'Ouest, Angers F-49000, France.
| | - Mélanie Bruneau
- Laboratoire Mer, Molécules, Santé (MMS, EA 2160), Université Catholique de l'Ouest, Angers F-49000, France
| | - Clémence Lièvre
- Laboratoire Mer, Molécules, Santé (MMS, EA 2160), Université Catholique de l'Ouest, Angers F-49000, France
| | - Astrid Goupil
- Laboratoire Mer, Molécules, Santé (MMS, EA 2160), Université Catholique de l'Ouest, Angers F-49000, France
| | - Catherine Mouneyrac
- Laboratoire Mer, Molécules, Santé (MMS, EA 2160), Université Catholique de l'Ouest, Angers F-49000, France
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17
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Martinović R, Kolarević S, Kračun-Kolarević M, Kostić J, Jokanović S, Gačić Z, Joksimović D, Đurović M, Kljajić Z, Vuković-Gačić B. Comparative assessment of cardiac activity and DNA damage in haemocytes of the Mediterranean mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis in exposure to tributyltin chloride. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2016; 47:165-174. [PMID: 27694055 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2016.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Revised: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This study gives an insight in sensitivity of heart rate (Hr) of Mytilus galloprovincialis as a physiological biomarker. Impact of tributyltin chloride (TBT-Cl) on Hr was studied in parallel with evaluation of mutagenic, genotoxic and cytotoxic potential of TBT-Cl (10, 100 and 1000μg/L) within 96h treatment in static conditions. Mutagenic potential was assessed by SOS/umuC assay while genotoxicity was assessed in haemocytes of M. galloprovincialis by using the comet assay and the micronucleus test. Benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P) was used as a positive control. Hr variations detected in TBT-Cl treatments can be linked to data obtained in the genotoxicological assays indicating that Hr can be considered and used as a reliable physiological biomarker for detecting the presence of organotin compounds. However despite the observed genotoxic potential of B(a)P, a noteworthy Hr response was not observed which further questions the potential of Hr in the detection of different types of pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajko Martinović
- University of Montenegro, Institute of Marine Biology - Kotor, Dobrota bb, 85330, Kotor, Montenegro.
| | - Stoimir Kolarević
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, Chair of Microbiology, Center for Genotoxicology and Ecogenotoxicology, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Margareta Kračun-Kolarević
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Biological Research ̈Siniša Stanković̈, Despota Stefana 142, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Jovana Kostić
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, Kneza Višeslava 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sandra Jokanović
- University of Montenegro, Institute of Marine Biology - Kotor, Dobrota bb, 85330, Kotor, Montenegro
| | - Zoran Gačić
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, Kneza Višeslava 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Danijela Joksimović
- University of Montenegro, Institute of Marine Biology - Kotor, Dobrota bb, 85330, Kotor, Montenegro
| | - Mirko Đurović
- University of Montenegro, Institute of Marine Biology - Kotor, Dobrota bb, 85330, Kotor, Montenegro
| | - Zoran Kljajić
- University of Montenegro, Institute of Marine Biology - Kotor, Dobrota bb, 85330, Kotor, Montenegro
| | - Branka Vuković-Gačić
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, Chair of Microbiology, Center for Genotoxicology and Ecogenotoxicology, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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Romero A, Novoa B, Figueras A. The complexity of apoptotic cell death in mollusks: An update. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2015; 46:79-87. [PMID: 25862972 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2015.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Revised: 02/28/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Apoptosis is a type of programmed cell death that produces changes in cell morphology and in biochemical intracellular processes without inflammatory reactions. The components of the apoptotic pathways are conserved throughout evolution. Caspases are key molecules involved in the transduction of the death signal and are responsible for many of the biochemical and morphological changes associated with apoptosis. Nowadays, It is known that caspases are activated through two major apoptotic pathways (the extrinsic or death receptor pathway and the intrinsic or mitochondrial pathway), but there are also evidences of at least other alternative pathway (the perforin/granzyme pathway). Apoptosis in mollusks seems to be similar in complexity to apoptosis in vertebrates but also has unique features maybe related to their recurrent exposure to environmental changes, pollutants, pathogens and also related to the sedentary nature of some stages in the life cycle of mollusks bivalves and gastropods. As in other animals, apoptotic process is involved in the maintenance of tissue homeostasis and also constitutes an important immune response that can be triggered by a variety of stimuli, including cytokines, hormones, toxic insults, viruses, and protozoan parasites. The main goal of this work is to present the current knowledge of the molecular mechanisms of apoptosis in mollusks and to highlight those steps that need further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Romero
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain
| | - B Novoa
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain
| | - A Figueras
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain.
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Estévez-Calvar N, Romero A, Figueras A, Novoa B. Genes of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway in Mytilus galloprovincialis. PLoS One 2013; 8:e61502. [PMID: 23626691 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0061502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2013] [Accepted: 03/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Bivalves play vital roles in marine, brackish, freshwater and terrestrial habitats. In recent years, these ecosystems have become affected through anthropogenic activities. The ecological success of marine bivalves is based on the ability to modify their physiological functions in response to environmental changes. One of the most important mechanisms involved in adaptive responses to environmental and biological stresses is apoptosis, which has been scarcely studied in mollusks, although the final consequence of this process, DNA fragmentation, has been frequently used for pollution monitoring. Environmental stressors induce apoptosis in molluscan cells via an intrinsic pathway. Many of the proteins involved in vertebrate apoptosis have been recognized in model invertebrates; however, this process might not be universally conserved. Mytilus galloprovincialis is presented here as a new model to study the linkage between molecular mechanisms that mediate apoptosis and marine bivalve ecological adaptations. Therefore, it is strictly necessary to identify the key elements involved in bivalve apoptosis. In the present study, six mitochondrial apoptotic-related genes were characterized, and their gene expression profiles following UV irradiation were evaluated. This is the first step for the development of potential biomarkers to assess the biological responses of marine organisms to stress. The results confirmed that apoptosis and, more specifically, the expression of the genes involved in this process can be used to assess the biological responses of marine organisms to stress.
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