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Wu S, Zhong J, Lei Q, Song H, Chen SF, Wahla AQ, Bhatt K, Chen S. New roles for Bacillus thuringiensis in the removal of environmental pollutants. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 236:116699. [PMID: 37481057 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
For a long time, the well-known Gram-positive bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) has been extensively studied and developed as a biological insecticide for Lepidoptera and Coleoptera pests due to its ability to secrete a large number of specific insecticidal proteins. In recent years, studies have found that Bt strains can also potentially biodegrade residual pollutants in the environment. Many researchers have isolated Bt strains from multiple sites polluted by exogenous compounds and characterized and identified their xenobiotic-degrading potential. Furthermore, its pathway for degradation was also investigated at molecular level, and a number of major genes/enzymes responsible for degradation have been explored. At present, a variety of xenobiotics involved in degradation in Bt have been reported, including inorganic pollutants (used in the field of heavy metal biosorption and recovery and precious metal recovery and regeneration), pesticides (chlorpyrifos, cypermethrin, 2,2-dichloropropionic acid, etc.), organic tin, petroleum and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, reactive dyes (congo red, methyl orange, methyl blue, etc.), and ibuprofen, among others. In this paper, the biodegrading ability of Bt is reviewed according to the categories of related pollutants, so as to emphasize that Bt is a powerful agent for removing environmental pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyi Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Jianfeng Zhong
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Qiqi Lei
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Haoran Song
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Shao-Fang Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Abdul Qadeer Wahla
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIBGE-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad 38000, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Kalpana Bhatt
- Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
| | - Shaohua Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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Qian S, Lu H, Xiong T, Zhi Y, Munoz G, Zhang C, Li Z, Liu C, Li W, Wang X, He Q. Bioaccumulation of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in Ferns: Effect of PFAS Molecular Structure and Plant Root Characteristics. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:4443-4453. [PMID: 36848373 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c06883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The present study assessed the bioaccumulation potential of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in ferns and linked root uptake behaviors to root characteristics and PFAS molecular structure. Tissue and subcellular-level behavioral differences between alternative and legacy PFAS were compared via an electron probe microanalyzer with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EPMA-EDS) and differential centrifugation. Our results show that ferns can accumulate PFAS from water, immobilize them in roots, and store them in harvestable tissue. The PFAS loading in roots was dominated by PFOS; however, a substantial amount of associated PFOS could be rinsed off by methanol. Correlation analyses indicated that root length, surface and project area, surface area per unit length of the root system, and molecular size and hydrophobicity of PFAS were the most significant factors affecting the magnitude of root uptake and upward translocation. EPMA-EDS images together with exposure experiments suggested that long-chain hydrophobic compounds tend to be adsorbed and retained on the root epidermis, while short-chain compounds are absorbed and quickly translocated upward. Our findings demonstrated the feasibility of using ferns in phytostabilization and phytoextraction initiatives of PFAS in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenhua Qian
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Hongying Lu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Tiantian Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Yue Zhi
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Gabriel Munoz
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2V 0B3, Canada
| | - Chuhui Zhang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Zhengwei Li
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Caihong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Wei Li
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Qiang He
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
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de Souza DM, da Silva JDL, Ludwig LDC, Petersen BC, Brehm FA, Modolo RCE, De Marchi TC, Figueiredo R, Moraes CAM. Study of the phytoremediation potential of native plant species identified in an area contaminated by volatile organic compounds: a systematic review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2023; 25:1524-1541. [PMID: 36708140 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2023.2170974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Phytoremediation is a process that uses plants in situ to promote remediation of environments contaminated by organic or inorganic compounds. Phytoremediating species develop methods such as phytoextraction, rhizofiltration, phytodegradation, and phytovolatilization, which can manifest themselves individually or together in a single plant. This study aims to evaluate, through a systematic review, the potential phytoremediation techniques of the genera Syagrus (Mart.), Nephrolepis, Cyperus (L.), Mimosa (L.), Schinus (L.), Brachiaria, and Eryngium (L.) found in a humid area of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The genera that presented significant numbers in the databases consulted were Cyperus and Brachiaria, followed by Nephrolepis. The first two are considered the most promising for phytoremediation processes. The other genera mentioned obtained favorable results for organic contaminants. The studies around these genera are still recent. It is necessary, in research, to highlight which phytoremediation processes the plants exert in relation to the contaminant of the place. In addition, priority should be given to native species that can establish themselves in the environment and that would not unbalance and harm the surrounding biota and ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora M de Souza
- Graduate Program in Civil Engineering - PPGEC, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, São Leopoldo (Unisinos), Brazil
| | | | | | - Brunna C Petersen
- Graduate Program in Civil Engineering - PPGEC, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, São Leopoldo (Unisinos), Brazil
| | - Feliciane A Brehm
- Graduate Program in Civil Engineering - PPGEC, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, São Leopoldo (Unisinos), Brazil
| | - Regina C Espinosa Modolo
- Graduate Program in Civil Engineering - PPGEC, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, São Leopoldo (Unisinos), Brazil
- Graduate Program in Mechanical Engineering - PPGEM, Unisinos, São Leopoldo, Brazil
| | | | - Rodrigo Figueiredo
- Environmental Engineer and Work Safety Engineer, NewFields Brazil Environmental Consulting Ltd, Novo Hamburgo, Brazil
| | - Carlos A M Moraes
- Graduate Program in Civil Engineering - PPGEC, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, São Leopoldo (Unisinos), Brazil
- Graduate Program in Mechanical Engineering - PPGEM, Unisinos, São Leopoldo, Brazil
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Kitamura RSA, Vicentini M, Bitencourt V, Vicari T, Motta W, Brito JCM, Cestari MM, Prodocimo MM, de Assis HCS, Gomes MP. Salvinia molesta phytoremediation capacity as a nature-based solution to prevent harmful effects and accumulation of ciprofloxacin in Neotropical catfish. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:41848-41863. [PMID: 36639588 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25226-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Phytoremediation has been a potential solution for the removal of pharmaceuticals from water. Here, we evaluated the toxicological safety of ciprofloxacin-contaminated water treated by 96 h with Salvinia molesta. The Neotropical catfish Rhamdia quelen was used as a model, and the potential of the phytoremediation technique for mitigating the drug accumulation in the fishes was also studied. Fish exposed to Cipro (1 and 10 µg·L-1) in untreated water showed toxic responses (alteration of hematological, genotoxicity, biochemical, and histopathological biomarkers) and accumulated Cipro in their muscles at concentrations high for human consumption (target hazardous quotient > 1). Fish exposed to water treated with S. molesta showed no toxic effect and no accumulation of Cipro in their tissues. This must be related to the fact that S. molesta removed up to 97% of Cipro from the water. The decrease in Cipro concentrations after water treatment with S. molesta not only prevented the toxic effects of Cipro on R. quelen fish but also prevented the antimicrobial accumulation in fish flesh, favouring safe consumption by humans. For the very first time, we showed the potential of phytoremediation as an efficiently nature-based solution to prevent environmental toxicological effects of antimicrobials to nontarget organisms such as fish and humans. The use of S. molesta for Cipro-removal from water is a green technology to be considered in the combat against antimicrobial resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Shinji Akiyama Kitamura
- Ecology and Conservation Post-Graduation Program, Federal University of Paraná, PO Box 19031, Curitiba, PR, 81530-980, Brazil.
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Paraná, PO Box 19031, Curitiba, PR, 81530-980, Brazil.
- Department of Botany, Federal University of Paraná, PO Box 19031, Curitiba, PR, 81530-980, Brazil.
| | - Maiara Vicentini
- Ecology and Conservation Post-Graduation Program, Federal University of Paraná, PO Box 19031, Curitiba, PR, 81530-980, Brazil
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Paraná, PO Box 19031, Curitiba, PR, 81530-980, Brazil
| | - Vitória Bitencourt
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Paraná, PO Box 19031, Curitiba, PR, 81530-980, Brazil
| | - Taynah Vicari
- Department of Genetics, Federal University of Paraná, PO Box 19071, Curitiba, PR, 81530-980, Brazil
| | - Welton Motta
- Department of Genetics, Federal University of Paraná, PO Box 19071, Curitiba, PR, 81530-980, Brazil
| | | | - Marta Margarete Cestari
- Department of Genetics, Federal University of Paraná, PO Box 19071, Curitiba, PR, 81530-980, Brazil
| | - Maritana Mela Prodocimo
- Department of Cell Biology, Federal University of Paraná, PO Box 19031, Curitiba, PR, 81537-980, Brazil
| | - Helena Cristina Silva de Assis
- Ecology and Conservation Post-Graduation Program, Federal University of Paraná, PO Box 19031, Curitiba, PR, 81530-980, Brazil
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Paraná, PO Box 19031, Curitiba, PR, 81530-980, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Pedrosa Gomes
- Ecology and Conservation Post-Graduation Program, Federal University of Paraná, PO Box 19031, Curitiba, PR, 81530-980, Brazil
- Department of Botany, Federal University of Paraná, PO Box 19031, Curitiba, PR, 81530-980, Brazil
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Kitamura RSA, Brito JCM, Silva de Assis HC, Gomes MP. Physiological responses and phytoremediation capacity of floating and submerged aquatic macrophytes exposed to ciprofloxacin. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:622-639. [PMID: 35904744 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22253-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ciprofloxacin (Cipro) water contamination is a global concern, having reached disturbing concentrations and threatening the aquatic ecosystems. We investigated the physiological responses and Cipro-phytoremediation capacity of one floating (Salvinia molesta D.S. Mitchell) and one submerged (Egeria densa Planch.) species of aquatic macrophytes. The plants were exposed to increased concentrations of Cipro (0, 1, 10, and 100 µg.Cipro.L-1) in artificially contaminated water for 96 and 168 h. Although the antibiotic affected the activities of mitochondrial electron transport chain enzymes, the resulting increases in H2O2 concentrations were not associated with oxidative damage or growth reductions, mainly due to the activation of antioxidant systems for both species. In addition to being tolerant to Cipro, after only 96 h, plants were able to reclaim more than 58% of that from the media. The phytoremediation capacity did not differ between the species, however, while S. molesta bioaccumulate, E. densa appears to metabolize Cipro in their tissues. Both macrophytes are indicated for Cipro-phytoremediation projects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Shinji Akiyama Kitamura
- Laboratório de Fisiologia de Plantas Sob Estresse, Departamento de Botânica, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal Do Paraná, Avenida Coronel Francisco H. Dos Santos, 100, Centro Politécnico Jardim das Américas, C.P. 19031, Curitiba , Paraná, 81531-980, Brazil
- Laboratório de Toxicologia Ambiental, Departamento de Farmacologia, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal Do Paraná, Avenida Coronel Francisco H. Dos Santos, 100, Centro Politécnico Jardim das Américas, C.P. 19031, Curitiba , Paraná, 81531-980, Brazil
- Ecology and Conservation Program Post-Graduation, Federal University of Paraná, Avenue Coronel Francisco Heráclito dos Santos, 100, Jardim das Américas, Curitiba , Paraná, 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Júlio César Moreira Brito
- Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Rua Conde Pereira Carneiro, 80, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 30510-010, Brazil
| | - Helena Cristina Silva de Assis
- Laboratório de Toxicologia Ambiental, Departamento de Farmacologia, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal Do Paraná, Avenida Coronel Francisco H. Dos Santos, 100, Centro Politécnico Jardim das Américas, C.P. 19031, Curitiba , Paraná, 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Pedrosa Gomes
- Laboratório de Fisiologia de Plantas Sob Estresse, Departamento de Botânica, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal Do Paraná, Avenida Coronel Francisco H. Dos Santos, 100, Centro Politécnico Jardim das Américas, C.P. 19031, Curitiba , Paraná, 81531-980, Brazil.
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Andreola A, Rosini DN, Campos ML, Biasi JP, Citadini-Zanette V, da Costa Bortoluzzi RL, Miquelutti DJ, Nicoleite ER. Ferns and lycophytes in coal mining waste and tailing landfills. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:32415-32427. [PMID: 35167024 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-18894-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Mineral coal extraction in Santa Catarina State (Brazil) Carboniferous Basin has degraded the local ecosystem, restricting the use of its areas. One of the biggest environmental impacts in the mining areas is the uncontrolled disposal of waste and sterile mining with high concentrations of pyrite, which in the presence of air and water is oxidized promoting the formation of acid mine drainage (AMD). These contaminants can be leached into water resources, restrict the use of water and soil, and cause threats to fauna and flora. This study aimed to characterize these areas as to the content of Cd, Pb, Ni and Zn metals in the tailings and waste resulting from coal mining and to survey the species of ferns and lycophytes present. Wastes and tailing samples and specimens of ferns and lycophytes were collected in 23 landfills in six municipalities in the region and in four underlying areas used as controls. Chemical and physical analyses (pH in water and pH in KCl, Ca, Mg, P, K, Na, Mn, Fe, Al, clay and OM contents) were carried out and the total contents of heavy metals Cd, Pb, Ni and Zn were determined. Sampling of ferns and lycophytes was carried out by walking. The levels of heavy metals, Cd, Ni and Zn, were below the prevention concentrations established by CONAMA Resolution 420/2009. Pb levels were above prevention values in four landfills. Sixteen species of ferns and one lycophyte were found, with hemicryptophytes the most frequent and helophytes the most adapted to the environment. Of the species found, Pteridium esculentum (G. Forst.) Cockayne, Pityrogramma calomelanos (L.) Link and Telmatoblechnum serrulatum (Rich.) Perrie, DJ Ohlsen & Brownsey demonstrated resistance to degraded and contaminated environments with Pb, which may constitute an alternative for project monitoring and environmental recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariane Andreola
- Santa Catarina State University (UDESC), Florianópolis, Brazil
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Fasani E, Li M, Varotto C, Furini A, DalCorso G. Metal Detoxification in Land Plants: From Bryophytes to Vascular Plants. STATE of the Art and Opportunities. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11030237. [PMID: 35161218 PMCID: PMC8837986 DOI: 10.3390/plants11030237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Potentially toxic elements are a widespread concern due to their increasing diffusion into the environment. To counteract this problem, the relationship between plants and metal(loid)s has been investigated in the last 30 years. In this field, research has mainly dealt with angiosperms, whereas plant clades that are lower in the evolutive scale have been somewhat overlooked. However, recent studies have revealed the potential of bryophytes, pteridophytes and gymnosperms in environmental sciences, either as suitable indicators of habitat health and elemental pollution or as efficient tools for the reclamation of degraded soils and waters. In this review, we summarize recent research on the interaction between plants and potentially toxic elements, considering all land plant clades. The focus is on plant applicability in the identification and restoration of polluted environments, as well as on the characterization of molecular mechanisms with a potential outlet in the engineering of element tolerance and accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Fasani
- Department Biotechnology, University of Verona, Str. Le Grazie 15, 37131 Verona, Italy;
| | - Mingai Li
- Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38010 San Michele all’ Adige, Italy; (M.L.); (C.V.)
| | - Claudio Varotto
- Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38010 San Michele all’ Adige, Italy; (M.L.); (C.V.)
| | - Antonella Furini
- Department Biotechnology, University of Verona, Str. Le Grazie 15, 37131 Verona, Italy;
- Correspondence: (A.F.), (G.D.)
| | - Giovanni DalCorso
- Department Biotechnology, University of Verona, Str. Le Grazie 15, 37131 Verona, Italy;
- Correspondence: (A.F.), (G.D.)
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Rocha CS, Kochi LY, Ribeiro GB, Rocha DC, Carneiro DNM, Gomes MP. Evaluating aquatic macrophytes for removing erythromycin from contaminated water: floating or submerged? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2021; 24:995-1003. [PMID: 34686072 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2021.1991268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Water contamination by antibiotics is an emerging global problem, with impacts on both public health and the environment. Erythromycin has been encountered in bodies of water throughout the world, which demands the development of efficient remediation technologies. We investigated the physiological responses and phytoremediation capacity of four species of aquatic macrophytes, two floating (Salvinia molesta and Lemna minor) and two submerged (Myriophyllum aquaticum and Rotala rotundifolia). The plants were exposed to relevant environmental concentrations of erythromycin (0 and 1.7 µg l-1) in artificially contaminated water for seven days. Physiological evaluations evidenced the ability of that antibiotic to promote oxidative events in those plants, such as the activation of antioxidant enzymes (ascorbate peroxidase and/or catalase). S. molesta exposed to erythromycin demonstrated accumulations of hydrogen peroxide and oxidative damage (lipid peroxidation) that was reflected in growth reductions. The erythromycin removal efficiency of floating plants varied from 9 to 12%, while submerged species varied from 31 to 44%. As such, submerged macrophyte species demonstrated the most efficient removal of erythromycin from contaminated waters, and are therefore more indicated for antibiotic phytoremediation projects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Silva Rocha
- Laboratório de Fisiologia de Plantas sob Estresse, Departamento de Botânica, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Centro Politécnico Jardim das Américas, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Leticia Yoshie Kochi
- Laboratório de Fisiologia de Plantas sob Estresse, Departamento de Botânica, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Centro Politécnico Jardim das Américas, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Breternitz Ribeiro
- Laboratório de Fisiologia de Plantas sob Estresse, Departamento de Botânica, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Centro Politécnico Jardim das Américas, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Daiane Cristina Rocha
- Laboratório de Fisiologia de Plantas sob Estresse, Departamento de Botânica, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Centro Politécnico Jardim das Américas, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | | | - Marcelo Pedrosa Gomes
- Laboratório de Fisiologia de Plantas sob Estresse, Departamento de Botânica, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Centro Politécnico Jardim das Américas, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
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Pulukkunadu Thekkeveedu R, Hegde S. In vitro spore germination and phytoremediation of Hg and Pb using gametophytes of Pityrogramma calomelanos. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2020; 23:307-315. [PMID: 32898427 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2020.1813075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Few pteridophytes have proven the capacity to accumulate and remediate heavy metals from contaminated soils. Pityrogramma calomelanos, a non-seasonal fast-growing, a cosmopolitan fern, is a good indicator of environmental conditions, was used in the present study. The life cycle of ferns alternates with haploid gametophyte and diploid sporophyte. The present study was undertaken to access the effect of mercury, in form of mercury (II) chloride [(HgCl2)] and lead as lead nitrate [Pb(NO3)2] in developmental studies using in vitro spore germination. Periodic recording of the germination, protonemal growth, rhizoid formation and differentiation of sex organs in different concentrations of heavy metals were conducted for a period of 6 weeks. It was found that the percentage of spore germination and the number of protonemal cells reduced significantly causing developmental defects in the presence of HgCl2 as compared to Pb(NO3)2 (p < 0.0001). A significant decrease in the number of archegonial count and chlorophyll content was observed in different concentrations of the heavy metals tested. Gametophytes of P. calomelanos recorded lead uptake of 646.51 ± 0.93 mg/kg in treatments of 25 ppm of lead and high mercury accumulation up to 1,885 ± 1.98 mg/kg at 10 ppm of mercury, indicating successful uptake of heavy metals. Novelty statement: Pityrogramma calomelanos is gaining interest amongst pteridologists upon proving its exclusive capacity of phytoremediation. It is superior in comparison to the most popular, patented fern Pteris vittata. Our study demonstrates the effective use of the promising fern in its simplest, nonvascular form of gametophytes as a phytoremediation agent in controlled conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Smitha Hegde
- Nitte (Deemed to be University), Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), Mangalore, Karnataka, India
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Haldar S, Ghosh A. Microbial and plant-assisted heavy metal remediation in aquatic ecosystems: a comprehensive review. 3 Biotech 2020; 10:205. [PMID: 32328403 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-02195-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Heavy metal (HM) pollution in aquatic ecosystems has an adverse effect on both aquatic life forms as well as terrestrial living beings, including humans. Since HMs are recalcitrant, they accumulate in the environment and are subsequently biomagnified through the food chain. Conventional physical and chemical methods used to remove the HMs from aquatic habitats are usually expensive, slow, non-environment friendly, and mostly inefficient. On the contrary, phytoremediation and microbe-assisted remediation technologies have attracted immense attention in recent years and offer a better solution to the problem. These newly emerged remediation technologies are eco-friendly, efficient and cost-effective. Both phytoremediation and microbe-assisted remediation technologies adopt different mechanisms for HM bioremediation in aquatic ecosystems. Recent advancement of molecular tools has contributed significantly to better understand the mechanisms of metal adsorption, translocation, sequestration, and tolerance in plants and microbes. Albeit immense possibilities to use such bioremediation as a successful environmental clean-up technology, it is yet to be successfully implemented in the field conditions. This review article comprehensively discusses HM accumulation in Indian aquatic environments. Furthermore, it describes the effect of HMs accumulation in the aquatic environment and the role of phytoremediation as well as microbe-assisted remediation in mitigation of the HM toxicity. Finally, the review concludes with a note on the challenges, opportunities and future directions for bioremediation in the aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shyamalina Haldar
- 1Department of Biochemistry, Asutosh College, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, 700026 India
| | - Abhrajyoti Ghosh
- 2Department of Biochemistry, Centenary Campus, Bose Institute, P-1/12 C.I.T. Scheme VII-M, Kolkata, 700054 India
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