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Huchthausen J, Henneberger L, Mälzer S, Nicol B, Sparham C, Escher BI. High-Throughput Assessment of the Abiotic Stability of Test Chemicals in In Vitro Bioassays. Chem Res Toxicol 2022; 35:867-879. [PMID: 35394761 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.2c00030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Abiotic stability of chemicals is not routinely tested prior to performing in vitro bioassays, although abiotic degradation can reduce the concentration of test chemicals leading to the formation of active or inactive transformation products, which may lead to misinterpretation of bioassay results. A high-throughput workflow was developed to measure the abiotic stability of 22 test chemicals in protein-rich aqueous media under typical bioassay conditions at 37 °C for 48 h. These test chemicals were degradable in the environment according to a literature review. The chemicals were extracted from the exposure media at different time points using a novel 96-pin solid-phase microextraction. The conditions were varied to differentiate between various reaction mechanisms. For most hydrolyzable chemicals, pH-dependent degradation in phosphate-buffered saline indicated that acid-catalyzed hydrolysis was less important than reactions with hydroxide ions. Reactions with proteins were mainly responsible for the depletion of the test chemicals in the media, which was simulated by bovine serum albumin (BSA) and glutathione (GSH). 1,2-Benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one, 2-methyl-4-isothiazolinone, and l-sulforaphane reacted almost instantaneously with GSH but not with BSA, indicating that GSH is a good proxy for reactivity with electrophilic amino acids but may overestimate the actual reaction with three-dimensional proteins. Chemicals such as hydroquinones or polyunsaturated chemicals are prone to autoxidation, but this reaction is difficult to differentiate from hydrolysis and could not be simulated by the oxidant N-bromosuccinimide. Photodegradation played a minor role because cells are exposed in incubators in the dark and simulations with high light intensities did not yield realistic degradation. Stability predictions from various in silico prediction models for environmental conditions can give initial indications of the stability but were not always consistent with the experimental stability in bioassays. As the presented workflow can be performed in high throughput under realistic bioassay conditions, it can be used to provide an experimental database for developing bioassay-specific stability prediction models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Huchthausen
- Department of Cell Toxicology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research─UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, DE-04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Luise Henneberger
- Department of Cell Toxicology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research─UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, DE-04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sophia Mälzer
- Department of Cell Toxicology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research─UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, DE-04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Beate Nicol
- Safety and Environmental Assurance Centre, Unilever, Colworth House, Sharnbrook, Bedford MK44 1LQ, U.K
| | - Chris Sparham
- Safety and Environmental Assurance Centre, Unilever, Colworth House, Sharnbrook, Bedford MK44 1LQ, U.K
| | - Beate I Escher
- Department of Cell Toxicology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research─UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, DE-04318 Leipzig, Germany.,Environmental Toxicology, Center for Applied Geoscience, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, DE-72076 Tübingen, Germany
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Ghoraba Z, Aibaghi B, Soleymanpour A. Ultrasound-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction followed by ion mobility spectrometry for the simultaneous determination of bendiocarb and azinphos-ethyl in water, soil, food and beverage samples. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 165:459-466. [PMID: 30218969 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A sensitive and fast ultrasound-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction procedure combined with ion mobility spectrometry has been developed for the simultaneous extraction and determination of bendiocarb and azinphos-ethyl. Experimental parameters affecting the analytical performance of the method were optimized: type and volume of extraction solvent (chloroform, 150 µL), pH (9.0), type and volume of buffer (ammonium buffer pH = 9.0, 4.5 mL) and extraction time (3.0 min). Under optimum conditions, the linearity was found to be in the range of 2-40 and 6-100 ng/mL and the limits of detection (LOD) were 1.04 and 1.31 ng/mL for bendiocarb and azinphos-ethyl, respectively. The method was successfully validated for the analysis of bendiocarb and azinphos-ethyl in different samples such as waters, soil, food and beverage samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Ghoraba
- School of Chemistry, Damghan University, Damghan 3671641167, Iran
| | - Behzad Aibaghi
- School of Chemistry, Damghan University, Damghan 3671641167, Iran.
| | - Ahmad Soleymanpour
- School of Chemistry, Damghan University, Damghan 3671641167, Iran; Institute of Biological Science, Damghan University, Damghan 3671641167, Iran
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de Oliveira RC, Sousa CP, Freire TM, Freire RM, Denardin JC, Fechine PBA, Becker H, Morais S, de Lima-Neto P, Correia AN. Chitosan-magnetite nanocomposite as a sensing platform to bendiocarb determination. Anal Bioanal Chem 2018; 410:7229-7238. [PMID: 30151686 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-1330-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A novel platform for carbamate-based pesticide quantification using a chitosan/magnetic iron oxide (Chit-Fe3O4) nanocomposite as a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modifier is shown for an analytical methodology for determination of bendiocarb (BND). The BND oxidation signal using GCE/Chit-Fe3O4 compared with bare GCE was catalyzed, showing a 37.5% of current increase with the peak potential towards less positive values, showing method's increased sensitivity and selectivity. Using square-wave voltammetry (SWV), calibration curves for BND determination were obtained (n = 3), and calculated detection and quantification limits values were 2.09 × 10-6 mol L-1 (466.99 ppb) and 6.97 × 10-6 mol L-1 (1555.91 ppb), respectively. The proposed electroanalytical methodology was successfully applied for BND quantification in natural raw waters without any sample pretreatment, proving that the GCE/Chit-Fe3O4 modified electrode showed great potential for BND determination in complex samples. ᅟ Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raissa C de Oliveira
- Departamento de Química Analítica e Físico-Química, Centro de Ciências, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Bloco 940, Campus do Pici, Pici, Fortaleza, CE, 60440-900, Brazil
| | - Camila P Sousa
- Departamento de Química Analítica e Físico-Química, Centro de Ciências, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Bloco 940, Campus do Pici, Pici, Fortaleza, CE, 60440-900, Brazil.
| | - Tiago M Freire
- Departamento de Química Analítica e Físico-Química, Centro de Ciências, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Bloco 940, Campus do Pici, Pici, Fortaleza, CE, 60440-900, Brazil
| | - Rafael M Freire
- Departamento de Física, Universidade de Santiago de Chile, Av. Ecuador, 3493, Santiago, Chile
- Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), 917-0124, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juliano C Denardin
- Departamento de Física, Universidade de Santiago de Chile, Av. Ecuador, 3493, Santiago, Chile
- Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), 917-0124, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pierre B A Fechine
- Departamento de Química Analítica e Físico-Química, Centro de Ciências, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Bloco 940, Campus do Pici, Pici, Fortaleza, CE, 60440-900, Brazil
| | - Helena Becker
- Departamento de Química Analítica e Físico-Química, Centro de Ciências, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Bloco 940, Campus do Pici, Pici, Fortaleza, CE, 60440-900, Brazil
| | - Simone Morais
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, R. Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4200-072, Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro de Lima-Neto
- Departamento de Química Analítica e Físico-Química, Centro de Ciências, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Bloco 940, Campus do Pici, Pici, Fortaleza, CE, 60440-900, Brazil
| | - Adriana N Correia
- Departamento de Química Analítica e Físico-Química, Centro de Ciências, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Bloco 940, Campus do Pici, Pici, Fortaleza, CE, 60440-900, Brazil
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Santaladchaiyakit Y, Srijaranai S, Burakham R. Methodological aspects of sample preparation for the determination of carbamate residues: A review. J Sep Sci 2012; 35:2373-89. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201200431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanawath Santaladchaiyakit
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Engineering; Rajamangala University of Technology Isan; KhonKaen Thailand
| | - Supalax Srijaranai
- Materials Chemistry Research Unit; Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry; Faculty of Science, KhonKaen University; KhonKaen Thailand
| | - Rodjana Burakham
- Materials Chemistry Research Unit; Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry; Faculty of Science, KhonKaen University; KhonKaen Thailand
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