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Yağmuroğlu O. Development of UV-Vis spectroscopy-based analysis method for determination of tin(IV) in epilobium parviflorum (hoary willowherb) tea using deep eutectic solvent based preconcentration. Food Chem 2024; 447:139036. [PMID: 38518615 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
In this study, a UV-Vis Spectroscopy-based method was developed for the determination of tin(IV) in epilobium parviflorum tea samples after preconcentration. The preconcentration process was carried out using the liquid-liquid microextraction technique. Before starting the analysis, optimization studies were carried out for the variables likely to affect the experimental results. As a result of the analyzes performed under optimum conditions, the detection limit of our method was calculated as 16.83 μg/L. The percent relative standard deviation value was calculated as 1.25% (n = 8) and linearity was found in the range of 10-1000 μg/L. Recovery experiments were performed on epilobium parviflorum tea samples using the matrix matching method. As a result of the analyzes made on teas belonging to three different brands, recovery results ranging from 92 to 117% were obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozan Yağmuroğlu
- National Defence University, Air Force Academy, Department of Chemistry, 34149 İstanbul, Türkiye.
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2
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Ul Haq H, Elik A, Isci G, Ekici M, Gürsoy N, Boczkaj G, Altunay N. Development of a vortex-assisted switchable-hydrophilicity solvent-based liquid phase microextraction for fast and reliable extraction of Zn (II), Fe (II), Pb (II), and Cd (II) from various baby food products. Food Chem 2024; 447:139024. [PMID: 38493687 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
This manuscript describes the development of a novel liquid phase microextraction (LPME) method for the extraction and determination of Zn (II), Fe (II), Pb (II), and Cd (II) in various infant/baby food and supplements products. The method is based on vortex-assisted extraction combined with a switchable-hydrophilicity solvent (SHS) sample preparation. The SHS, which undergoes reversible phase changes triggered by pH change, enables selective extraction and easy phase separation. A flame atomic absorption spectroscopy was used in the final determination step. Optimization studies revealed, that the optimal pH of the sample solution (after digestion) during analytes extraction is 5.5. A l-proline is added to the sample (375 mM) to ensure the complexation of the target metal cations. After the complexation step, 750 µL of SHS - a N, N-Dimethylcyclohexylamine along with 0.9 mL of 2 M of acetic acid solution is added (hydrophilicity switch-on stage) and mixed manually to obtain a homogeneous solution. In the last stage, 0.45 mL of 10 M NaOH solution (hydrophilicity switch-off stage) is added to the sample solution and a vortex for 100 s is applied to ensure the effective extraction and separation of the complex containing the analytes. At this stage, a cloudy solution is immediately obtained. Finally, the effective phase separation is obtained at the centrifugation step (4000 rpm for 2 mins). The method limit of detection was as 0.03, 0.009, 0.6, and 0.2 ng/L for Zn (II), Fe (II), Cd (II), and Pb (II) respectively with RSD% below 2.0 %. The analysis of certified reference materials and real samples proved the full applicability of the method for routine analysis, contributing to the field of heavy metal analysis and ensuring the safety of baby products. According to the AGREE methodology, this method can be named as green analytical chemistry method with a score of 0.77.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hameed Ul Haq
- Gdansk University of Technology, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Department of Sanitary Engineering, 80 - 233 Gdansk, G. Narutowicza St. 11/12, Poland
| | - Adil Elik
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Gursel Isci
- Agri Ibrahim Cecen University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Agri, Turkey
| | - Merve Ekici
- Agri Ibrahim Cecen University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Agri, Turkey; Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Institute of Health Sciences, Acıbadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nevcihan Gürsoy
- Nanotechnology Engineering, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Grzegorz Boczkaj
- Gdansk University of Technology, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Department of Sanitary Engineering, 80 - 233 Gdansk, G. Narutowicza St. 11/12, Poland
| | - Nail Altunay
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey.
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3
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Erek F, Işik U, Meriç N. Synthesis and characterization of a novel ionic liquid for preconcentration of Brilliant Blue FCF (E 133) from some foods by ultrasound assisted temperature controlled ionic liquid dispersive liquid liquid microextraction method prior to spectrophotometric analysis; A comparative study. Food Chem 2024; 445:138694. [PMID: 38364492 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
In this study, a novel ionic liquid (3-(3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl)-1-butyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium hexafluorophosphate, (IL-2) was synthesized and characterized by FT-IR, NMR (1H,13C,31P) spectroscopy, and TGA. Two microextraction methods, ultrasonic assisted ionic liquid dispersive liquid liquid microextraction (USA-IL-DLLME) and ultrasonic assisted-temperature controlled ionic liquid DLLME, have been developed for preconcentration of Brilliant Blue FCF (E133) from some food products by the sythesized IL-2. For optimization of the both methods, several parameters such as volume of IL-2, pH, temperature, ultrasonication time, extraction time, centrifugation time, and salt effect were investigated. The obtained results for both methods under optimum conditions were compared. According to these results, the best limit of detection (4.55 µg L -1), enrichment factor (58), preconcentration factor (50), linear range (15-80 µg L -1), relative standard deviation % (1.15 %) were obtained by use of USA-TC-IL-DLLME method. Furthermore, the developed USA-TC-IL-DLLME method was succesfully applied to real samples for the preconcentration of Brilliant Blue FCF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Figen Erek
- Dicle University, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, 21280 Diyarbakir, Türkiye.
| | - Uğur Işik
- Artvin Coruh University, Medical-Aromatic Plants Application and Research Center, 08100 Artvin, Türkiye
| | - Nermin Meriç
- Dicle University, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, 21280 Diyarbakir, Türkiye; Dicle University, Technical Vocational School, Department of Hair Care and Beauty Services, 21280 Diyarbakir, Türkiye
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4
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Niu J, Zhang Y, Li H, Hai X, Lu Q, Fu R, Ren T, Guo X, Di X. Switchable deep eutectic solvent as green and efficient media for liquid-phase microextraction of phenoxyacetic acid herbicides in water and food matrices. Food Chem 2024; 442:138433. [PMID: 38237292 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
In this work, a switchable deep eutectic solvent (SDES) based on fatty acid and polyetheramine ion pair was prepared for liquid-phase microextraction (LPME) of phenoxyacetic acid herbicides in drinking water, beverage and honey matrices. The as-synthesized SDES equipped with an interesting characteristic of fast and reversible polarity switching, achieving homogeneous extraction and rapid bi-phase separation simultaneously. Several key parameters affecting the extraction performance were investigated comprehensively by Box-Behnken design. Under the optimal conditions, the method exhibited excellent linearity (15-4000 μg L-1), low detection limits (3-5 μg L-1), desirable precision (RSD < 8.1 %), and satisfactory recovery (72.6-98.7 %). More importantly, the introduction of SDES can simplify the pre-treatment procedure, shorten extraction time (4 min), and avoid the usage of traditional organic solvent during the whole extraction process. In addition, the switching mechanism of SDES was characterized by FT-IR and 1H NMR, and the forming mechanism of SDES was investigated using density-functional theory. The green of the method was estimated using the analytical ecological scale, the analytical green calculator, and the green analytical procedure index. The cytotoxicity of SDES was investigated and the result displayed that toxicity of the SDES was very low with the EC50 > 500 mg/L. Therefore, the proposed method was green and efficient and revealed considerable application prospects for the extraction of trace analytes from complex materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxiao Niu
- Key Laboratory of Protection, Development and Utilization of Medicinal Resources in Liupanshan Area, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Yanhui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Protection, Development and Utilization of Medicinal Resources in Liupanshan Area, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Hongbo Li
- Key Laboratory of Protection, Development and Utilization of Medicinal Resources in Liupanshan Area, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Xiaoqin Hai
- Key Laboratory of Protection, Development and Utilization of Medicinal Resources in Liupanshan Area, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Qingxin Lu
- Key Laboratory of Protection, Development and Utilization of Medicinal Resources in Liupanshan Area, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Ruiyu Fu
- Key Laboratory of Protection, Development and Utilization of Medicinal Resources in Liupanshan Area, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Tingze Ren
- Key Laboratory of Protection, Development and Utilization of Medicinal Resources in Liupanshan Area, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Xiaoli Guo
- Key Laboratory of Protection, Development and Utilization of Medicinal Resources in Liupanshan Area, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; Key Laboratory of Ningxia Minority Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
| | - Xin Di
- Key Laboratory of Protection, Development and Utilization of Medicinal Resources in Liupanshan Area, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; Key Laboratory of Ningxia Minority Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
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5
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Unar AA, Kazi TG, Afridi HI, Baig JA, Lashari AA. Evaluate the aluminum concentrations in whey milk samples of cows from different areas using deep eutectic solvent-based ultrasound-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction method. Talanta 2024; 273:125847. [PMID: 38452590 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.125847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
This study investigates the contamination of cow milk with aluminum (Al) and its potential health implications, particularly for children. Cow milk samples were collected from both nonexposed and exposed areas in Sindh, based on the source of livestock drinking water (fresh canals and groundwater). An environmental friendly deep eutectic solvent (DES) was used with ultrasonic-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (UDLLμE) to enrich trace amounts of Al in whey milk and water samples. The enriched samples were then analyzed using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. Certified reference materials were employed to validate the methodology, and the experimental results exhibited acceptable conformity. The DES-based dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction method was environmental friendly, devoid of acids and oxidizing agents, and used safe and inexpensive components for routine trace metal analysis in diverse samples. The resulting data revealed that Al in whey milk samples was observed in the range of 31-45 %, corresponding to (160-270) μg L-1 and (700-1035) μg L-1 in nonexposed and exposed whole cow milk samples, respectively. Additionally, it was observed that milk boiling in Al utensil for 10-20 min enhanced the Al levels from 3 to 8% of its total contents in milk samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asif Ali Unar
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, postal code 76080, Pakistan.
| | - Tasneem Gul Kazi
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, postal code 76080, Pakistan.
| | - Hassan Imran Afridi
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, postal code 76080, Pakistan.
| | - Jameel Ahmed Baig
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, postal code 76080, Pakistan.
| | - Ayaz Ali Lashari
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, postal code 76080, Pakistan.
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Zhang K, Wang J, Guo R, Nie Q, Zhu G. Acid induced dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction based on in situ formation of hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents for the extraction of bisphenol A and alkylphenols in water and beverage samples. Food Chem 2024; 442:138425. [PMID: 38242002 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
This study describes the development of an acid induced dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction method based on the in situ formation of hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents for the extraction of bisphenol A and alkylphenols from environmental water and beverage samples. Hydrochloric acid altered the hydrophilic-hydrophobic state of fatty acid salts to obtain hydrophobic fatty acids, which formed hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents with analytes in situ to extract the analytes. Under optimized conditions, the limits of detection and limits of quantitation were 0.03-0.1 μg L-1 and 0.12-0.3 μg L-1, the intraday and interday relative standard deviations were less than 3.9 %, and the enrichment factor was 29-32. The recoveries of bisphenol A and alkylphenols were 95.9-104.9 % and 86.9-105.0 %, respectively. The extraction process used only hydrochloric acid and fatty acid salts, and the extraction process required less than 1 min. This method has the advantages of simplicity, speed, low cost and environmental friendliness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaige Zhang
- School of Environment, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, International Joint Laboratory on Key Techniques in Water Treatment, Henan Province, Henan Engineering Laboratory of Environmental Functional Materials and Pollution Control, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, PR China.
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Environment, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, International Joint Laboratory on Key Techniques in Water Treatment, Henan Province, Henan Engineering Laboratory of Environmental Functional Materials and Pollution Control, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, PR China
| | - Rong Guo
- School of Environment, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, International Joint Laboratory on Key Techniques in Water Treatment, Henan Province, Henan Engineering Laboratory of Environmental Functional Materials and Pollution Control, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, PR China
| | - Qiujun Nie
- School of Environment, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, International Joint Laboratory on Key Techniques in Water Treatment, Henan Province, Henan Engineering Laboratory of Environmental Functional Materials and Pollution Control, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, PR China
| | - Guifen Zhu
- School of Environment, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, International Joint Laboratory on Key Techniques in Water Treatment, Henan Province, Henan Engineering Laboratory of Environmental Functional Materials and Pollution Control, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, PR China.
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Diridiri PN, Bodur SE, Bayraktar A, Günkara ÖT, Bakırdere S. Determination of copper ion at trace levels in apple tea samples by simultaneous complexation and spray assisted microextraction method prior to detection by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Food Chem 2024; 441:138243. [PMID: 38159436 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.138243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
In the present study, a green and sensitive analytical method for the determination of copper ion at trace levels in apple tea samples was developed. Simultaneous complexation/extraction of the analyte were achieved by spraying-based fine droplet formation liquid-phase microextraction (SFDF-LPME). Copper ion was complexed with a Schiff base chelating agent called as N,N'-Bis(salicylidene)-1,2-phenylenediamine (BSP). Under the optimum conditions, the developed SFDF-LPME-FAAS and FAAS system were assessed with respect to limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantitation (LOQ), linearity and percent relative standard deviation (%RSD). LOD and LOQ values for SFDF-LPME-FAAS method were found to be 6.0 and 19.9 µg/kg, respectively. Enhancement in calibration sensitivity for developed method was found as 23 folds. In addition, accuracy/suitability of the developed SFDF-LPME-FAAS method were confirmed by spiking experiments. Two different apple tea samples were spiked to different concentration values and percent recovery results from 91.1 and 123.8 % proved the accuracy/suitability of the method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paye Naz Diridiri
- Yıldız Technical University, Chemistry Department, 34210 İstanbul, Türkiye
| | | | - Ahsen Bayraktar
- Yıldız Technical University, Chemistry Department, 34210 İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Ömer Tahir Günkara
- Yıldız Technical University, Chemistry Department, 34210 İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Sezgin Bakırdere
- Yıldız Technical University, Chemistry Department, 34210 İstanbul, Türkiye; Turkish Academy of Sciences (TÜBA), Vedat Dalokay Street, No: 112, 06670, Çankaya, Ankara, Türkiye.
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Guo X, Zheng X, Guo X, Wu J, Jing X. Determination of chiral prothioconazole and its chiral metabolite in water, juice, tea, and vinegar using emulsive liquid-liquid microextraction combined with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography. Food Chem 2024; 440:138314. [PMID: 38160595 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.138314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Emulsive liquid-liquid microextraction (ELLME), a simple, rapid, and environmentally friendly technique, was established to identify chiral prothioconazole and its chiral metabolite in water, juice, tea, and vinegar using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC). Environmentally friendly extractant was mixed with pure water to prepare a high-concentration emulsion, which was added to samples to complete the emulsification and extraction in 1 s. Afterward, an electrolyte solution was added to complete the demulsification without centrifugation. ELLME did not use dispersants compared to the familiar dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME), thus reducing the use of toxic solvents and avoiding the effect of dispersants on the partition coefficient. The linear range was from 0.01 to 1 mg/L. The limit of detection was 0.003 mg/L. The extraction recoveries ranged from 82.4 % to 101.6 %, with relative standard deviations of 0.7-5.2 %. The ELLME method developed has the potential to serve as an alternative to DLLME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingle Guo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China; Institute of Plant Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Xiaojiao Zheng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China; Institute of Plant Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Xu Guo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Junxue Wu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Xu Jing
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China.
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Semysim FA, Ridha RK, Azooz EA, Snigur D. Switchable hydrophilicity solvent-assisted solidified floating organic drop microextraction for separation and determination of arsenic in water and fish samples. Talanta 2024; 272:125782. [PMID: 38364568 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.125782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to separate and determine arsenic in water and fish samples using a novel and green solidified floating organic drop microextraction (SFODME), which is based on switchable hydrophilicity solvent (SHS)-assisted procedure followed by hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry (HG-AAS). The 4-((2-hydroxyquinoline-7-yl)diazenyl)-N-(4-methylisoxazol-3-yl)benzene sulfonamide (HDNMBA) and tertiary amine (4-(2-aminoethyl)-N,N-dimethylbenzylamine (AADMBA) were used as ligand and SHS, respectively. The use of SHS promotes quantitative extraction of arsenic complexes into an extraction solvent (1-undecanol). Some factors that impact extraction recovery were studied. Under optimal conditions, the limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were 0.005 μg L-1 and 0.015 μg L-1, respectively. The calibration graph was linear up to 900.0 μg L-1 arsenic, with the enrichment factor is 267. The proposed SHS-SFODME methodology for arsenic quantification in water and fish samples was successfully implemented. The environmental friendliness and safety of proposed method were approved by the Analytical Greenness Calculator (AGREE) and the Blue Applicability Grade Index (BAGI) tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Abdulraouf Semysim
- Department of Chemistry, The Gifted Students' School in Najaf, Ministry of Education, 54001, Iraq
| | - Rana Kadhim Ridha
- Department of Dairy Science and Technology, College of Food Sciences, Al-Qasim Green University, 51013, Iraq
| | - Ebaa Adnan Azooz
- Department of Chemistry, The Gifted Students' School in Najaf, Ministry of Education, 54001, Iraq; Radoilogical Technology Department, College of Medical Technology, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq.
| | - Denys Snigur
- Department of Analytical and Toxicological Chemistry, Odesa I.I. Mechnikov National University, Odesa, 65082, Ukraine.
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Salahaddin Taha S, Salahuddin Ali D. Ion-pair vortex assisted liquid phase micro-extraction coupled with UV-visible spectrophotometry for the determination of mesalazine in pharmaceutical formulations. Ann Pharm Fr 2024; 82:483-492. [PMID: 37923008 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharma.2023.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
This study demonstrates an effective, simple, and selective method for monitoring mesalazine in pharmaceutical formulations using liquid phase micro-extraction (LPME) and spectrophotometry. Combining LPME with spectrophotometry is an efficient method for analysing various compounds in different matrices. This method is based on extracting the ion-pair formed between the blue indophenol produced by the oxidative reaction of mesalazine and syringic acid in an alkaline medium and a quaternary ammonium salt into a micro-volume of organic solvent. The experimental parameters influencing LPME performance, such as the type and concentration of the quaternary ammonium ion salt and the type and volume of the extractant solvent, were optimised for optimal detection. The linear range and the limit of detection for measuring red species in pharmaceutical formulations were determined to be 0.005-0.080 μg/mL-1 and 0.003 μg/mL-1, respectively, with a relative standard deviation of 4-6%. The method had a preconcentration factor of 50 at 520nm, making it highly efficient and reliable for monitoring mesalazine in pharmaceutical formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzan Salahaddin Taha
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Salahaddin University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Diyar Salahuddin Ali
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Salahaddin University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq; Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Knowledge University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
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11
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Man Y, Yang Z, Sun Y, Zhao W, Xiang G, He L. Simple and rapid ionic liquid-based one-, two-, three-phase transition microextraction for efficient extraction of trace organic pollutants and elimination of lipid co-extractives from fatty food matrices. Food Chem 2024; 439:138165. [PMID: 38091782 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.138165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Extraction of trace contaminants from fatty food matrices is challenging in food analysis. Herein, a new ionic liquid-based one-, two-, three-phase transition microextraction (IL-OTTPTME) was proposed to efficiently extract trace targets while simultaneously eliminating lipid co-extractives. The method performance was illustrated through the determination of chrysoidine in fatty soybean products using high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet/visible detection. The strong interactions and infinite contact between IL and chrysoidine in the one-phase system ensured ultra-high extraction efficiency (∼100 %). Density functional theoretical calculations confirmed the presence of strong hydrogen bonding and π-π interactions. The formation of the three-phase system during extraction could completely eliminate lipid co-extractives. The IL-OTTPTME integrated extraction, enrichment and cleanup steps into one step, making it rapid and extremely easy to operate. The method had a wide linear range of 0.5-5000 μg/kg and low limit of detection (0.15 μg/kg). It also had satisfactory relative recoveries (95.1 %-104.0 %) and low RSDs (≤5.0 %, n = 5).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Man
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Zhen Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Yaming Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Wenjie Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Guoqiang Xiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Lijun He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
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12
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Kartoğlu B, Bodur S, Zeydanlı D, Göver T, Özaydın E, Gülhan Bakırdere E, Bakırdere S. Determination of copper in rose tea samples using flame atomic absorption spectrometry after emulsification liquid-liquid microextraction. Food Chem 2024; 439:138140. [PMID: 38061298 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.138140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Rose tea infusion has gained popularity worldwide due to its health benefits. However, it is known that tea plants can be contaminated with heavy metals including copper. Hence, an accurate and applicable analytical method namely emulsification liquid-liquid microextraction based deep eutectic solvent - flame atomic absorption spectrometry (ELLME-DES-FAAS) was proposed to determine copper at trace levels in rose tea samples. Under the optimum experimental conditions, analytical figures of merit for the developed method were examined, and dynamic range, limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were found to be 5.07-246.61 µg/kg (mass-based) with 0.9992 coefficient of determination, 2.50 µg/kg and 8.32 µg/kg, respectively. A matrix matching calibration strategy was employed to boost recovery results, and the acceptable recovery results were recorded between 95.9 % and 118.4 %. According to recovery results, the developed analytical method can be safely employed to determine the concentration of copper in rose tea samples accurately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bedrihan Kartoğlu
- Yıldız Technical University, Faculty of Art and Science, Department of Chemistry, 34220 İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Süleyman Bodur
- Yıldız Technical University, Faculty of Art and Science, Department of Chemistry, 34220 İstanbul, Türkiye; İstinye University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, 34010 İstanbul, Türkiye; İstinye University, Scientific and Technological Research Application and Research Center, 34010 İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Damla Zeydanlı
- Gelişim University, Vocational School of Health Care Services, Department of Laboratory Technology, 34310, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Tuğçe Göver
- Selçuk University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, 42130, Konya, Türkiye
| | - Ecem Özaydın
- Yıldız Technical University, Faculty of Art and Science, Department of Chemistry, 34220 İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Emine Gülhan Bakırdere
- Yıldız Technical University, Faculty of Education, Department of Mathematics and Science Education, 34349 İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Sezgin Bakırdere
- Yıldız Technical University, Faculty of Art and Science, Department of Chemistry, 34220 İstanbul, Türkiye; Turkish Academy of Sciences (TÜBA), Vedat Dalokay Street, No: 112, Çankaya, 06670 Ankara, Türkiye.
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13
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Fathi AA, Farajzadeh MA, Shahedi A, Afshar Mogaddam MR, Houshyar J, Jouyban A. Development of a hollow fiber-liquid phase microextraction method using tissue culture oil for the extraction of free metoprolol from plasma samples. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2024; 1237:124089. [PMID: 38547699 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2024.124089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
In this research, a method known as a hollow fiber-liquid-phase microextraction was employed to extract and concentrate free metoprolol from plasma samples. The extracted analyte was subsequently determined using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a diode-array detector. Several parameters, including hollow fiber length, sonication time, extraction temperature, and salt addition, were investigated and optimized to enhance extraction efficiency. After extracting the analyte under optimum conditions from plasma samples, the enrichment factor and extraction recovery were 50 and 86 %, respectively. Moreover, the method exhibited detection and quantification limits of 0.41 and 1.30 ng mL-1, respectively. The analysis of real samples demonstrated satisfactory relative recoveries in the range of 91-99 %.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Akbar Fathi
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mir Ali Farajzadeh
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran; Engineering Faculty, Near East University, 99138 Nicosia, North Cyprus, Mersin 10, Turkey
| | - Ali Shahedi
- Food and Drug Safety Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Jalil Houshyar
- Endocrine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Abolghasem Jouyban
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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14
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Bodur SE, Ayan GN, Bodur S, Günkara ÖT, Bakırdere S. Determination of phenytoin at trace levels in domestic wastewater and synthetic urine samples by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry after its preconcentration by simple liquid-phase microextraction. Environ Monit Assess 2024; 196:454. [PMID: 38622372 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-024-12544-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
This work presents a sensitive and accurate analytical method for the determination of phenytoin at trace levels in domestic wastewater and synthetic urine samples by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) after the metal sieve-linked double syringe liquid-phase microextraction (MSLDS-LPME) method. A metal sieve was produced in our laboratory in order to disperse water-immiscible extraction solvents into aqueous media. Univariate optimization studies for the selection of proper extraction solvent, extraction solvent volume, mixing cycle, and initial sample volume were carried out. Under the optimum MSLDS-LPME conditions, mass-based dynamic range, limit of quantitation (LOQ), limit of detection (LOD), and percent relative standard deviation (%RSD) for the lowest concentration in calibration plot were figured out to be 100.5-10964.2 μg kg-1, 150.6 μg kg-1, 45.2 μg kg-1, and 9.4%, respectively. Detection power was improved as 187.7-folds by the developed MSLDS-LPME-GC-MS system while enhancement in calibration sensitivity was recorded as 188.0-folds. In the final step of this study, the accuracy and applicability of the proposed system were tested by matrix matching calibration strategy. Percent recovery results for domestic wastewater and synthetic urine samples were calculated as 95.6-110.3% and 91.7-106.6%, respectively. These results proved the accuracy and applicability of the proposed preconcentration method, and the obtained analytical results showed the efficiency of the lab-made metal sieve apparatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sezin Erarpat Bodur
- Faculty of Art and Science, Department of Chemistry, Yıldız Technical University, 34220, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Gizem Nur Ayan
- Faculty of Art and Science, Department of Chemistry, Yıldız Technical University, 34220, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Süleyman Bodur
- Faculty of Art and Science, Department of Chemistry, Yıldız Technical University, 34220, İstanbul, Türkiye
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, İstinye University, 34010, İstanbul, Türkiye
- Scientific and Technological Research Application and Research Center, İstinye University, 34010, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Ömer Tahir Günkara
- Faculty of Art and Science, Department of Chemistry, Yıldız Technical University, 34220, İstanbul, Türkiye.
| | - Sezgin Bakırdere
- Faculty of Art and Science, Department of Chemistry, Yıldız Technical University, 34220, İstanbul, Türkiye.
- Turkish Academy of Sciences (TÜBA), Vedat Dalokay Street, No: 112, Çankaya, 06670, Ankara, Türkiye.
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15
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Shagaghipour S, Afshar Mogaddam MR, Sorouraddin SM, Farajzadeh MA. Development of a new continuous homogenous liquid phase microextraction procedure based on in-situ preparation of deep eutectic solvent; application in the analysis of aliphatic amines in urine samples by GC-MS. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2024; 1237:124103. [PMID: 38564965 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2024.124103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
In the present work, a new microextraction procedure combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry has been developed for the analysis of several aliphatic amines from urine sample. The sample preparation method was a continuous homogenous liquid phase microextraction that was based on in-situ preparation of 4-chlorophenol: choline chloride deep eutectic solvent. The deep eutectic solvent was prepared by passing the mixture of related compounds through a syringe barrel filled with exothermic salts (calcium chloride and potassium bromide). The released heat by dissolving the salts and increasing the solution ionic strength assists the formation of the deep eutectic solvent. The influence of various factors on the efficiency of the proposed procedure including salts amount, flow rate, pH, salting-out effect, and extraction solvent volume was studied. The calibration curves were linear broadly over the concentration range of 1.2-250 ng mL-1 with coefficient of determinations ≥0.996. The enrichment factors were in the range of 188-246 and the limits of detection and quantification were 0.16-0.37 and 0.56-1.2 ng mL-1, respectively. Based on the results, the offered method was sensitive, rapid, eco-friendly, and efficient for extracting and determining aliphatic amines in urine samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabnam Shagaghipour
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Afshar Mogaddam
- Food and Drug Safety Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | | | - Mir Ali Farajzadeh
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran; Engineering Faculty, Near East University, 99138 Nicosia, North Cyprus, Mersin 10, Turkey
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16
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Alcaraz MR, Espinosa-Mansilla A, Durán-Merás I, Muñoz de la Peña A. An optimized methodology for the determination of multiclass organic ultraviolet sunscreens and metabolites in human milk through chromatographic and chemometric resolution. Talanta 2024; 270:125560. [PMID: 38128275 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Organic UV filters (UVFS) are used to mitigate the dermal effects associated with health risks from UV radiation, making them essential in personal care products. UVFS are frequently identified in environmental samples due to their high lipophilicity and persistence, underscoring the urgency of comprehensive assessments and regulatory measures aimed at safeguarding ecosystems and human health. The present study reports a multiclass analytical method for determining 16 UV sunscreens and metabolites in breast milk based on an ultrasound-assisted-dispersive liquid-liquid micro-extraction (UA-DLLME) with further chromatographic and chemometric resolution. The experimental conditions of the UA-DLLME were optimized through the implementation of the Design of Experiment tools. To model the responses, least-squares and artificial neural network methodologies were implemented. The optimal conditions were found by employing the desirability function. The samples were analyzed through reverse-phase liquid chromatographic separation, UV diode array, and fast-scanning fluorescence detection. The chromatographic analysis enabled the resolution of 16 analytes in a total time of 13.0 min. Multivariate curve resolution-alternating least-square (MCR-ALS) modelling was implemented to resolve analytes that were not fully resolved and to determine analytes that coeluted with endogenous components of the breast milk samples. An enrichment factor of 5-fold concentration was obtained with this methodology, reaching recoveries between 65 % and 105 % for 13 multiclass UV sunscreens and metabolites in breast milk samples with RSD % and REP % lower than 12 %.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirta R Alcaraz
- Laboratorio de Desarrollo Analítico y Quimiometría (LADAQ), Cátedra de Química Analítica I, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Ciudad Universitaria, Santa Fe, S3000ZAA, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2290 CABA, C1425FQB, Argentina; Departamento de Química Analítica, Universidad de Extremadura, Badajoz, 06006, Spain.
| | | | - Isabel Durán-Merás
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Universidad de Extremadura, Badajoz, 06006, Spain
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17
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Zhang K, Guo R, Wang Y, Wang J, Nie Q, Zhu G. Terpenes based hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents for dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction of aliphatic aldehydes in drinking water and alcoholic beverages. Chemosphere 2024; 354:141706. [PMID: 38484993 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Aliphatic aldehydes are a class of organic compounds containing aldehyde groups, which are widespread, and closely related to people's daily life and health. In this work, a series of terpenes based hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents were designed and synthesized using hexafluoroisopropanol as hydrogen bond donor and menthol/thymol as hydrogen bond acceptor. Then they are used as extraction solvent in dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction for extracting and determining seven aliphatic aldehydes from drinking water and alcoholic beverage combined with high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet. Due to the fact that these hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents are liquid at the room temperature, a density greater than that of water, a lower viscosity (≤26.10 mPa s, 25 °C), after extraction and centrifugation, the microvolume DES-rich phase in the bottom is convenient for collection and direct analysis without further dissolution or dilution with organic solvents. Some factors affecting the extraction recovery were optimized by one-variable-at-a-time and response surface methodology. Under the optimal conditions, the enrichment factors for the seven aliphatic aldehydes were 48-56. The method had good performance: linear ranges of 1.0-200, 0.5-200, 0.2-200, 0.4-400, 1.0-400, 0.4-400 and 0.4-400 μg L-1 for seven aliphatic aldehydes (r2 ≥ 0.9949), limits of detection of 0.1-0.5 μg L-1, intra-day and inter-day precisions <4.9%. The recoveries of seven aliphatic aldehydes ranged from 76.0 to 119.0%. The proposed dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction method is simple, rapid, highly efficient, and green, which effectively reduces the amount of toxic chemical reagents used and their impact on the environment. Rapid and efficient detection of aliphatic aldehydes helps ensure a healthy diet and has great application prospects in food safety analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaige Zhang
- School of Environment, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, International Joint Laboratory on Key Techniques in Water Treatment, Henan Province, Henan Engineering Laboratory of Environmental Functional Materials and Pollution Control, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, PR China.
| | - Rong Guo
- School of Environment, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, International Joint Laboratory on Key Techniques in Water Treatment, Henan Province, Henan Engineering Laboratory of Environmental Functional Materials and Pollution Control, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, PR China.
| | - Yunhe Wang
- School of Environment, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, International Joint Laboratory on Key Techniques in Water Treatment, Henan Province, Henan Engineering Laboratory of Environmental Functional Materials and Pollution Control, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, PR China.
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Environment, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, International Joint Laboratory on Key Techniques in Water Treatment, Henan Province, Henan Engineering Laboratory of Environmental Functional Materials and Pollution Control, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, PR China.
| | - Qiujun Nie
- School of Environment, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, International Joint Laboratory on Key Techniques in Water Treatment, Henan Province, Henan Engineering Laboratory of Environmental Functional Materials and Pollution Control, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, PR China.
| | - Guifen Zhu
- School of Environment, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, International Joint Laboratory on Key Techniques in Water Treatment, Henan Province, Henan Engineering Laboratory of Environmental Functional Materials and Pollution Control, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, PR China.
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18
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Nilnit T, Jeenno J, Supharoek SA, Vichapong J, Siriangkhawut W, Ponhong K. Synergy of iron-natural phenolic microparticles and hydrophobic ionic liquid for enrichment of tetracycline residues in honey prior to HPLC-UV detection. Food Chem 2024; 437:137879. [PMID: 37922797 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Iron-natural phenolic microparticles were developed as absorbents for dispersive micro solid phase extraction (D-μSPE) synergistic with hydrophobic ionic liquid (IL) for dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) to enrich tetracycline residues, including tetracycline, doxycycline, oxytetracycline and chlortetracycline. In situ iron microparticles synthesized from betel nut natural reagent were employed as an adsorbent for D-μSPE. The hydrophobic IL [Hmim][PF6] was synergistically utilized as an extraction solvent to extract and accumulate adsorbents bound with tetracyclines before quantitation by HPLC-UV. The synergistic combination of DLLME with D-μSPE provided excellent extraction recovery compared with individual extraction. The developed method was successfully applied to enrich and determine tetracycline residues in honey samples, with recoveries ranging from 80.0 to 121.5% and providing high enrichment factors ranging from 61 to 197. This alternative method is simple and rapid, with high extraction efficiency and a high enrichment factor and is also environmentally friendly for the analysis of tetracyclines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tammanoon Nilnit
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham 44150, Thailand
| | - Janjira Jeenno
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham 44150, Thailand
| | - Sam-Ang Supharoek
- Department of Medical Science, Amnatcharoen Campus, Mahidol University, Amnat Charoen 37000, Thailand; Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
| | - Jitlada Vichapong
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham 44150, Thailand; Multidisciplinary Research Unit of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham 44150, Thailand
| | - Watsaka Siriangkhawut
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham 44150, Thailand
| | - Kraingkrai Ponhong
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham 44150, Thailand; Multidisciplinary Research Unit of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham 44150, Thailand.
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19
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Aladaghlo Z, Javanbakht S, Sahragard A, Fakhari A. Synthesis of MIL-88(Fe) coordinated to carboxymethyl cellulose fibers nanocomposite for dispersive solid phase microextraction of acetanilide herbicides from cereal and agricultural soil samples. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1719:464753. [PMID: 38394784 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2024.464753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
In this study, MIL-88(Fe) coordinated to carboxymethyl cellulose fibers was successfully synthesized, characterized, and utilized as a nanocomposite for the dispersive solid phase microextraction of butachlor and acetochlor. These analytes served as representative analytes for acetanilide herbicides (AHs) present in real samples. Effective parameters on the extraction efficiency were investigated to maximize the analytical performance of the developed method. Under optimized conditions, which encompassed sorbent amount of 12 mg, solution pH of 7.0, 4.0 min of the vortex time, 3.0 min of the extraction time, chloroform as desorption agent and no salt addition, the developed method exhibited remarkable figures of merit, such as high linearity (R2> 0.99), low limits of detection of 0.90 ng mL-1, substantial preconcentration factors (between 213 and 228), relative recoveries in the range of 90.8% to 109%, and good repeatability with relative standard deviations equal or below 7.2%. After validation, the developed method was applied to detect AHs in various cereal and agricultural soil samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zolfaghar Aladaghlo
- Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, 31587-77871, Iran.
| | - Siamak Javanbakht
- Department of Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University G. C., P.O. Box 1983963113, Evin, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Sahragard
- FI-TRACE Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of the Balearic Islands, Carretera de Valldemossa km 7.5, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain
| | - Alireza Fakhari
- Department of Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University G. C., P.O. Box 1983963113, Evin, Tehran, Iran.
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20
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Gösterişli TU, Kublay İZ, Keyf S, Bakırdere S. Development of A Liquid-Phase Microextraction Method for Simultaneous Determination of Parabens in Lipstick Samples at Trace Levels by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography. J Chromatogr Sci 2024; 62:295-300. [PMID: 37309217 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmad040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The endocrine-disrupting potential of parabens, as well as their relation to cancer, has sparked significant discussions over their impact. Consequently, analyses of cosmetic products are an essential necessity, particularly in terms of human health and safety. In this study, a highly accurate and sensitive liquid-phase-based microextraction method was developed to determine the five parabens at trace levels by high-performance liquid chromatography. All prominent parameters of the method such as extraction solvent type and amount (1,2-dichloroethane/250 μL), and dispersive solvent type and amount (isopropyl alcohol/2.0 mL) were optimized to enhance the extraction efficiency of the analytes. The mobile phase consisting of 50 mM ammonium formate aqueous solution (pH 4.0) and acetonitrile (60:40, v/v) was used to elute the analytes at a flow rate of 1.2 mL min-1 in the isocratic mode. Analytical performance of the optimum method for methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl and benzyl parabens were determined and the analytes recorded detection limit values of 0.78, 0.75, 0.34, 0.33 and 0.75 μg kg-1, respectively. Four different lipstick samples were analyzed under optimum conditions of the developed method, and the amount of parabens quantified in the samples using matrix matched calibration standards was in the range of 0.11-1.03%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuğçe U Gösterişli
- Science and Technology Application and Research Center, Yıldız Technical University, 34349 İstanbul, Türkiye
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Yıldız Technical University, 34349 İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - İrem Z Kublay
- Department of Chemistry, Yıldız Technical University, 34349 İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Seyfullah Keyf
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Yıldız Technical University, 34349 İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Sezgin Bakırdere
- Department of Chemistry, Yıldız Technical University, 34349 İstanbul, Türkiye
- Turkish Academy of Sciences (TÜBA), Vedat Dalokay Street, No: 112, Çankaya 06670, Ankara, Türkiye
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21
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Pezhhanfar S, Farajzadeh MA, Hosseini-Yazdi SA, Mogaddam MRA. Extraction and preconcentration of parabens from the human follicular fluid through dispersive micro solid phase extraction using microporous MIL-68 (In) followed by in-situ effervescence-boosted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 240:115926. [PMID: 38142500 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
For the first time in this study, a microextraction method was developed to perform follicular fluid safety assessment analysis. The drastic importance of follicular fluid safety on the proper nourishment and development of oocytes caused the development of the present method. Since women are regularly exposed to parabens through cosmetics, healthcare, and hygienic products, the infection of body fluids is probable in long-term exposures. Also, for the first time, MIL-68 (In) was applied in an analytical method. Moreover, a new method called in-situ effervescence-boosted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction was adopted for the simultaneous derivatization and preconcentration of the target parabens. To perform the method, 25 mg of MIL-68 (In) was dispersed into the solution of follicular fluid by vortexing. Then, 1.0 mL of 2-propanol was used to elute the analytes from the absorbent via vortexing. The analyte-enriched organic phase was mixed with 100 µL of acetic anhydride (derivatization agent) and 27 µL 1,2-dibromoethane (extraction solvent) which was swiftly injected into a sodium carbonate solution. Following the centrifugation, the extraction solvent was sedimented at the bottom of a conical bottom glass test tube and an aliquot of it was injected into a gas chromatograph equipped with a flame ionization detector. Wide linear ranges (120-25000 µg L-1), satisfactory extraction recoveries (31-79%) and enrichment factors (31-79), and appreciable limits of detection (7-36 µg L-1) and quantification (25-120 µg L-1) were recorded. The high surface area of MIL-68 (In) (608.82 m2 g-1) and its significantly low average pore diameter (13.829 A°) provide an ideal platform for the extraction of parabens from the complex matrix of follicular fluid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakha Pezhhanfar
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mir Ali Farajzadeh
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran; Engineering Faculty, Near East University, Mersin 10, Nicosia 99138, North Cyprus, Turkey.
| | | | - Mohammad Reza Afshar Mogaddam
- Food and Drug Safety Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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22
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Mlinarić Z, Turković L, Sertić M. Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction followed by sweeping micellar electrokinetic chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for determination of six breast cancer drugs in human plasma. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1718:464698. [PMID: 38354504 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2024.464698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we have developed a novel method of aqueous-sample dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (AqS-DLLME) followed by sweeping micellar electrokinetic chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (MEKC-MS/MS) for simultaneous determination of breast cancer drugs letrozole, anastrozole, palbociclib, ribociclib, abemaciclib, and fulvestrant in human plasma. Coupling of MEKC to MS was possible due to the use of ammonium perfluorooctanoate (APFO) as a volatile surfactant. The MEKC and MS conditions were optimized to achieve a fast, sensitive, selective, and green analysis enabling full separation of the analytes within 16 min. Electrophoretic buffer was 125 mM APFO at apparent pH 10.5 in 32 % MeOH, while sheath liquid was 70 % MeOH with 0.2 % formic acid, delivered at 10 µL/min. Excellent extraction recoveries from plasma ranging from 89.4 to 104.9 % were obtained with a combination of protein precipitation and DLLME. The developed method was validated according to the ICH guidelines. Remarkable selectivity, accuracy (bias < 6.7 %), precision (RSD < 15.8 %), and stability (bias < 10.4 %) with insignificant matrix effect (RSD < 14.0 %) and no carry-over were obtained over a wide range of concentrations. Linearity with inter-day slope RSD lower than 8.7 % was demonstrated. With this method, very low concentrations could be detected after the injection of only 68.7 nL of the sample. The method was applied to plasma samples from six women currently receiving breast cancer treatment. Determined concentrations of the drugs of interest agreed with concentrations found in clinical studies, thus proving the suitability of the developed method for therapeutic drug monitoring as a superior alternative to published LC-MS methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zvonimir Mlinarić
- University of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Lu Turković
- University of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Miranda Sertić
- University of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
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23
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Zendehdel AA, Sorouraddin SM, Farajzadeh MA. Development of salt-induced homogeneous liquid-liquid extraction using a deep eutectic solvent performed in a narrow-bore tube for the extraction of Zn(II), Cu(II), and Cd(II) ions from honey samples. Anal Methods 2024; 16:1593-1602. [PMID: 38404220 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay02335d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
In this study, a sample preparation procedure based on salt-induced homogeneous liquid-liquid extraction performed in a narrow-bore tube was used for the preconcentration and extraction of Zn(II), Cu(II), and Cd(II) ions from honey samples. To perform the procedure, a mixture of working solution containing sodium chloride, acetonitrile, and a synthesized deep eutectic solvent (as an extraction solvent) was transferred into a narrow tube filled with solid sodium chloride up to a specific level. As the solution flowed through the tube, tiny droplets of the extraction solvent were formed at the boundary between the solution and salt layer. The droplets moved upwards in the tube and eventually collected as a distinct layer on the top of the solution. The separated phase was removed and dispersed into ionized water. After centrifugation, tiny droplets of the extraction solvent containing the analytes were sedimented at the bottom of the tube. The concentrated analytes were measured using flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The linear ranges and extraction recoveries were obtained in the ranges of 1.5-100 μg kg-1 and 89.6-94.8%, respectively. The detection limits ranged from 0.35 to 0.48 μg kg-1. Low relative standard deviations (C = 10 μg L-1, n = 6) of 3.1, 2.8, and 3.4% for Zn(II), Cu(II), and Cd(II), respectively, were obtained. Finally, the optimized method was successfully used in determination of concentration of the selected heavy metal ions in various honey samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Asghar Zendehdel
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
| | | | - Mir Ali Farajzadeh
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
- Engineering Faculty, Near East University, Mersin, 10, 99138 Nicosia, North Cyprus, Turkey
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24
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Bello W, Pezzatti J, Rudaz S, Sadeghipour F. Development of a generic sample preparation method using dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction for the monitoring of leachable compounds in hospital pharmacy-prepared prefilled drug products. Anal Methods 2024; 16:1697-1707. [PMID: 38421023 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay02234j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Performant sample preparation is mandatory in any leachable study to clean and preconcentrate analytes within the sample to offer the best possible extraction recovery as well the best precision for any given substance. The aim consists in developing a sample preparation method for hospital pharmacy-prepared drug products such as long-term storage prefilled syringes, vials and IV bags for the screening of leachable compounds. The Quality Control Laboratory of the Pharmacy of the Lausanne University Hospital (Switzerland) has developed a time- and cost-effective, highly sensitive, robust, and fast method using liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) for the analysis of 205 plastic additives. An innovative setup, based on postcolumn infusion (PCI) using 2% ammonium hydroxide in methanol was used to boost the signal intensity of the analytes in MS detection. A database for extractable and leachable trace assessment (DELTA) was built to assist in the screening process of 205 plastic packaging-related compounds. The development of the sample preparation was based on 33 plastic additive candidates in different hospital pharmacy compounding solutions, and their extraction recovery rates as well as their relative standard deviation were taken into consideration. In conclusion, the developed DLLME was assigned with ultrasound assistance and triple extraction, which brought about extraction recovery rates between 67% and 92%, a good RSD <10%, and a preconcentration factor of 50×. Therefore, DLLME could be considered suitable for the semiquantitative screening of leachable additives in simple hospital pharmacy-prepared prefilled drug products.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Bello
- Pharmacy Department, Lausanne University Hospital, Switzerland.
- Center for Research and Innovation in Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Switzerland
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, CMU-Rue Michel Servet 1, 1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Julian Pezzatti
- Pharmacy Department, Lausanne University Hospital, Switzerland.
| | - Serge Rudaz
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, CMU-Rue Michel Servet 1, 1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Center of Applied Human Toxicology (SCATH), Basel, Switzerland
| | - Farshid Sadeghipour
- Pharmacy Department, Lausanne University Hospital, Switzerland.
- Center for Research and Innovation in Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Switzerland
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, CMU-Rue Michel Servet 1, 1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Switzerland
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25
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Cao J, Shi L, Wang Y, Liu Y, Zeng B, Zhao F. Novel ferrofluid based on water-based deep eutectic solvents: application in dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction of naphthalene-derived plant growth regulators in edible oil. J Hazard Mater 2024; 465:133234. [PMID: 38157818 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
A new ferrofluid extractant (Fe3O4 @SiO2-WDES) was ingeniously prepared by coating magnetic Fe3O4 @SiO2 microspheres with water-based deep eutectic solvent (WDES) and used for dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) and HPLC determination of naphthalene-derived plant growth regulators (PGRs, i.e., 1-naphthylacetic acid, 2-naphthylacetic acid, 1-naphthoxy acetic acid, 2-naphthyloxyacetic acid and 1-naphthylacetamide) in edible oil. Herein, mass transfer of the analytes in DLLME was significantly enhanced via increasing the contact surface by employing the microspheres as the supporter and dispersant of WDES, and phase separation can be efficiently achieved using an external magnet rather than centrifugation in traditional DLLME. Response surface methodology (RSM) based on Box-Behnken design (BBD) was employed for the optimization of core experimental conditions, and Analytical Eco-Scale and Analytical GREEnness Metric Approaches were adopted to evaluate the degree of greenness of the procedure. Under the optimal conditions, satisfactory performances of linearity ranged from 5 to 100 μg/L (R2 ≥ 0.9982), limit of detection (0.58-0.91 μg/L), limit of quantitation (1.9-3.0 μg/L), precision (RSDs ≤ 5.5%), recovery (81.3%-108.1%) and negligible matrix effect were achieved, which introduced a promising alternative route for the determination of naphthalene-derived plant growth regulators in edible oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangping Cao
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Lei Shi
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Yifei Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Yiwei Liu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Baizhao Zeng
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Faqiong Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei Province, PR China.
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26
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Luján CE, Lemos AA, Oviedo MN, Llaver M, Wuilloud RG. Deep eutectic solvents as a green alternative for trace element analysis in food and beverage samples: Recent advances and challenges. Talanta 2024; 269:125451. [PMID: 38048680 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Metals and metalloids have different effects on human health even at trace levels. Some of them are essential for living organisms while others can be toxic. Therefore, the determination of trace elements in food and beverage is highly important to understand their impact in human health. A new generation of solvents named deep eutectic solvents (DES) has emerged as a green alternative for trace element analysis, owing to their low toxicity, biodegradability, and high extraction capacity. In recent years, the application of DES in extraction techniques for trace element analysis in food and beverage samples has increased significantly. This review summarizes recent advances and challenges on the application of DES to develop microextraction techniques useful for the analysis of samples with complex matrices. The importance of the use of biodegradable substances instead of classic organic solvents, which are toxic, volatile, and flammable in methods for elemental analysis with a positive environmental impact is also highlighted. Finally, conclusions and future challenges arising from the use of DES in microextraction techniques are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia E Luján
- Laboratorio de Química Analítica para Investigación y Desarrollo (QUIANID), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo/Instituto Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Básicas (ICB), CONICET UNCUYO, Padre J. Contreras 1300, (5500) Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Aldana A Lemos
- Laboratorio de Química Analítica para Investigación y Desarrollo (QUIANID), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo/Instituto Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Básicas (ICB), CONICET UNCUYO, Padre J. Contreras 1300, (5500) Mendoza, Argentina
| | - María N Oviedo
- Laboratorio de Química Analítica para Investigación y Desarrollo (QUIANID), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo/Instituto Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Básicas (ICB), CONICET UNCUYO, Padre J. Contreras 1300, (5500) Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Mauricio Llaver
- Laboratorio de Química Analítica para Investigación y Desarrollo (QUIANID), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo/Instituto Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Básicas (ICB), CONICET UNCUYO, Padre J. Contreras 1300, (5500) Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Rodolfo G Wuilloud
- Laboratorio de Química Analítica para Investigación y Desarrollo (QUIANID), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo/Instituto Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Básicas (ICB), CONICET UNCUYO, Padre J. Contreras 1300, (5500) Mendoza, Argentina.
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27
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Salamat Q, Soylak M. Novel reusable and switchable deep eutectic solvent for extraction and determination of curcumin in water and food samples. Talanta 2024; 269:125401. [PMID: 37979509 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
For the first time, a fast and easy extraction method based on a unique reusable and switchable deep eutectic solvent (made of octylamine, succinic acid, and water as precursors) was presented and utilized for the microextraction and determination of curcumin as a model analyte. The main factors used to induce a phase transition in the as-prepared deep eutectic solvent were solutions of NaOH and HCl. Among the standout characteristics of the suggested deep eutectic solvent are the removal of toxic organic solvents like THF, the lack of a need for centrifugation, and the ability to be reused in subsequent extractions. The influence of effective parameters (i.e., proportions of deep eutectic solvent structure components, volume of prepared deep eutectic solvent, volume and concertation of NaOH, volume of HCl, and salt effect) on the extraction procedure were investigated. The calibration curve also was linear in the range of 35-500 μg L-1 with coefficients of determination (R2) of 0.9976. Limit of detection (S/N = 3) 10.0 μg L-1, the limit of quantification (LOQ) of 35.0 μg L-1, the relative standard deviations (RSDs %) composed of intra-day RSD (4.7) and inter-day RSD (6.4), preconcentration factor of 40.0, enrichment factor of 38.68, and relative recovery of 92.6%-100.3 % were achieved. The reusable and switchable deep eutectic solvent based-dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction technique was proficiently employed to expedite easy and fast extraction of curcumin from water and food samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qamar Salamat
- Erciyes University, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, 38039 Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Soylak
- Erciyes University, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, 38039 Kayseri, Turkey; Technology Research and Application Center (ERU-TAUM), Erciyes University, 38039 Kayseri, Turkey; Turkish Academy of Sciences (TUBA), Çankaya, Ankara, Turkey.
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28
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Terzi M, Manousi N, Tzanavaras PD, Zacharis CK. Utilization of a pH-switchable hydrophilicity solvent for the microextraction of clomipramine from human urine samples. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2024; 1235:124060. [PMID: 38417274 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2024.124060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Clomipramine (CLP) is a tricyclic antidepressant drug, and its determination in biological samples is of high importance in clinical and forensic evaluations to assure appropriate drug concentrations. In the present study, benzoic acid was employed as a pH-switchable hydrophilicity solvent (SHS) for the microextraction of CLP from authentic human urine samples prior to its determination by high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection (HPLC-UV). The microextraction protocol was based on the phase transition of the SHS through pH alteration that resulted in its rapid dispersion and simultaneous phase separation. The obtained solid was collected in a syringe filter, dissolved in methanol, and analyzed. The main parameters that affected the efficiency of the microextraction procedure were studied and optimized to ensure high extraction efficiency for CLP and the analytical method was validated. Under optimum conditions, good linearity was observed between 0.05 and 5.0 μg mL-1. The limit of detection and limit of quantification were found to be 0.015 and 0.05 μg mL-1, respectively. The RSD values for intra-day repeatability and inter-day precision were 2.4-8.9 % and 1.7-9.1 %, respectively. The relative recovery values were within 90.0 and 110.0 % in all cases, demonstrating good method accuracy. The proposed SHS microextraction showed cost-efficiency, handling simplicity, and rapidity resulting in enhanced sample throughput. Moreover, the proposed method exhibited a green character and good applicability based on its evaluation by Green Analytical Procedure Index and Blue Applicability Grade Index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Terzi
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Department of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Natalia Manousi
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - Paraskevas D Tzanavaras
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - Constantinos K Zacharis
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Department of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
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29
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Guo P, Xu M, Zhong F, Liu C, Cui X, Zhang J, Zhao M, Yang Z, Jia L, Yang C, Xue W, Fan D. Molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction combined with non-ionic hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents dispersed liquid-liquid microextraction for efficient enrichment and determination of the estrogens in serum samples. Talanta 2024; 269:125480. [PMID: 38039681 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Hormonal drugs in biological samples are usually in low concentration and highly intrusive. It is of great significance to enhance the sensitivity and specificity of the detection process of hormone drugs in biological samples by utilizing appropriate sample pretreatment methods for the detection of hormone drugs. In this study, a sample pretreatment method was developed to effectively enrich estrogens in serum samples by combining molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction, which has high specificity, and non-ionic hydrophobic deep eutectic solvent-dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction, which has a high enrichment ability. The theoretical basis for the effective enrichment of estrogens by non-ionic hydrophobic deep eutectic solvent was also computed by simulation. The results showed that the combination of molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction and deep eutectic solvent-dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction could improve the sensitivity of HPLC by 33∼125 folds, and at the same time effectively reduce the interference. In addition, the non-ionic hydrophobic deep eutectic solvent has a relatively low solvation energy for estrogen and possesses a surface charge similar to that of estrogen, and thus can effectively enrich estrogen. The study provides ideas and methods for the extraction and determination of low-concentration drugs in biological samples and also provides a theoretical basis for the application of non-ionic hydrophobic deep eutectic solvent extraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengqi Guo
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Western Resource Innovation Medicine Green Intelligent Manufacturing, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, PR China.
| | - Mingyang Xu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Fanru Zhong
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Chenming Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Xia Cui
- Department of Pharmacy, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Jing Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Min Zhao
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Ziwei Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Liru Jia
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Chuanming Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Weiming Xue
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Western Resource Innovation Medicine Green Intelligent Manufacturing, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, PR China
| | - Daidi Fan
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Western Resource Innovation Medicine Green Intelligent Manufacturing, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, PR China.
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30
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Ye D, Hao J, Zhang R, Zhou Y, Chen S, Zhang W, Zhao L, Xie J, Wang Z. Optimization of ultrasonic-assisted supramolecular solvent microextraction of coumarins from Cortex fraxini using response surface methodology combined with artificial neural network-genetic algorithm. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1717:464692. [PMID: 38320432 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2024.464692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
A simple, fast, and efficient ultrasonic-assisted supramolecular solvent microextraction combined with high performance liquid chromatography method was developed for the determination of coumarins in Cortex fraxini, including esculin, esculetin and fraxetin. In this study, a novel supramolecular solvent was prepared with 1-octanol, tetrahydrofuran and water for the first time, and its composition, viscosity, density, structure, and micromorphology were characterized. The prepared supramolecular solvent exhibited vesicular structures and had the characteristics of low viscosity. Through single-factor experiments, response surface methodology and artificial neural network-genetic algorithm, the optimal extraction conditions were obtained as follows: NaCl concentration of 1 mol mL-1, pH value of 10, solid-liquid ratio of 10:1, vortex time of 30 s, ultrasonic power of 100 W, ultrasonic temperature of 60 °C, ultrasonic time of 15 min, centrifugation speed of 5000 rpm, and centrifugation time of 1 min. The results demonstrated that the artificial neural network model exhibited maximum R-values of 0.98703, 0.97440, 0.99836, and 0.95447 for training, testing, validation, and all dataset, respectively. The minimum mean square errors were 0.75, 10.15, 1.99, and 2.63, respectively. This indicated that the predicted values were almost consistent with the actual values. Under the optimal conditions, the total extraction yields of target analytes reached 2.80 %. The calibration curves for each analyte exhibited excellent linearity within the linear range (r > 0.9993). The limits of detection and quantification ranged from 4.87 to 6.55 ng mL-1 and 16.24 to 21.84 ng mL-1, respectively. The recoveries ranged from 98.71 % to 111.01 % with relative standard deviations of less than 3.6 %. The present method had the advantages of short extraction time (15 min) and less solvent consumption (0.5 mL). The prepared supramolecular solvent was proved to have great potential in extracting coumarins from medicinal plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingli Ye
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Changchun University of Technology, Yan'an Street 2055, Changchun 130012, PR China; Department of Radiology, Jilin Cancer Hospital, Jinhu Road 1066, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Junqiang Hao
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Changchun University of Technology, Yan'an Street 2055, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Rongxu Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Changchun University of Technology, Yan'an Street 2055, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Yangyang Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Changchun University of Technology, Yan'an Street 2055, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Shurong Chen
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Changchun University of Technology, Yan'an Street 2055, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Weijian Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Changchun University of Technology, Yan'an Street 2055, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Lei Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Changchun University of Technology, Yan'an Street 2055, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Jiahan Xie
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Changchun University of Technology, Yan'an Street 2055, Changchun 130012, PR China.
| | - Zhibing Wang
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Changchun University of Technology, Yan'an Street 2055, Changchun 130012, PR China.
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31
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Silva Nascimento LE, da Silva Oliveira W, Mujtaba Abbasi N, Teixeira Godoy H, Anderson JL. Dilute-and-shoot approach combined with in-situ formed metal-containing ionic liquids for extraction of benzophenone and related compounds from açaí-based food products. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1717:464686. [PMID: 38310697 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2024.464686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
For the first time, benzophenone and related compounds were investigated in açaí-based food products. An extraction method based on the dilute-and-shoot approach, combined with the use of in-situ formed metal-containing ionic liquids (MCILs) followed by high-performance liquid chromatography, was developed and validated. A nickel and cobalt-based MCIL, in addition to the ratio of MCIL to lithium bis[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl]imide salt ([Li+][NTf2-]) for the ensuing metathesis reaction, were optimized. Parameters of the in-situ formed MCIL step, namely, the amount of MCIL, centrifugation time, and dilution step, were analyzed using a multivariate optimization approach, including central composite rotatable design and Derringer and Suich's tool. Optimum extraction performance was achieved using 50.98 mg of nickel-based MCIL and a MCIL to ([Li+][NTf2-]) ratio of 1:3 (m/m), a centrifuge time of 22 min, and 10.53 mL of water for the dilution step. This condition was used to perform analytical validation, which yielded satisfactory results with R2 ≥ 0.995, limits of detection (LOD) ranging from 0.0025 to 0.5 mg kg-1, and limits of quantification (LOQ) between 0.008 and 1.5 mg kg-1. The recovery rate ranged from 87 % to 107 % and precision values (as percent relative standard deviation) were equal or lower than 13 %. The validated method was applied to 25 samples of açaí-based food products purchased from Brazil and the United States. None of the samples showed analyte concentration levels above the LOD. The method's suitability was demonstrated for future monitoring of complex samples, such as foodstuffs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Eduardo Silva Nascimento
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Monteiro Lobato 80, 13083-862, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
| | - Wellington da Silva Oliveira
- Reference Laboratory for Physical, Sensory and Statistics Analysis, Science and Food Quality Center, Institute of Food Technology (ITAL), Avenida Brasil 2880, 13070-178, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Helena Teixeira Godoy
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Monteiro Lobato 80, 13083-862, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jared L Anderson
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
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Isabella Cestaro B, Cavalcanti Machado K, Batista M, José Gonçalves da Silva B. Hollow-fiber liquid phase microextraction for determination of fluoxetine in human serum by nano-liquid chromatography coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2024; 1234:124018. [PMID: 38286102 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2024.124018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is a personalized care tool based on the determination of a target drug concentration in human serum. An antidepressant drug of interest for such investigations is fluoxetine (FXT), due to a severe impact of genetic polymorphisms on its metabolism. A bioanalytical method employed for TDM purposes must exhibit satisfactory selectivity and detectability, which becomes more difficult due to highly complex biological matrices. In this study, a highly selective bioanalytical method for the determination of FXT in human serum is proposed, which provides excellent clean-up efficiency based on a low cost hollow fiber liquid-phase microextraction (HF-LPME) sample preparation step and nano-liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry (nano-LC-HRMS). HF-LPME was performed using a two-phase "U" configuration, with 6 cm fiber, 20 µL of 1-octanol acting as supported liquid membrane, and ammonium hydroxide (pH 10) as the donor phase with NaCl (10 % m/v) and methanol (5 % v/v) as additives, requiring only 250 µL of the sample. The procedure was conducted for 30 min under a 750 rpm stirring rate. Gradient elution was carried out employing an acetonitrile-water as mobile phase, the composition of 30:70 to 100:00 (v/v) for 15 min, using formic acid 0.1 % (v/v) as an additive. MS1 was acquired in an Orbitrap mass analyzer, while MS2 was acquired in a linear trap quadrupole. Satisfactory linearity (Pearson's r = 0.99709) was obtained for a concentration range of 0.02 to 2.5 µg mL-1, which is compatible with the therapeutic and toxic range for FXT. The developed method presents adequate precision (1.61 to 7.45 %) and accuracy (95 to 114 %) and allows the dilution of high concentration samples in a 1:4 ratio (v/v), enabling its application for forensic serum samples. To our knowledge, this is the first study reporting a method based on HF-LPME and nano-LC-HRMS with any analytical purpose, especially with a TDM focus.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Michel Batista
- Mass Spectrometry Facility RPT02H, Carlos Chagas Institute, Fiocruz, Curitiba 81350-010, Brazil
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Mohebbi A, Fathi AA, Afshar Mogaddam MR, Farajzadeh MA, Yaripour S, Fattahi N. Application of magnetic dispersive solid phase extraction combined with solidification of floating organic droplet-based dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and GC-MS in the extraction and determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in honey. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2024; 41:175-187. [PMID: 38252747 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2023.2301664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
A magnetic dispersive solid phase extraction method combined with solidification of floating organic droplet-based dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction has been validated for the extraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from honey samples. For this purpose, a carbonised cellulose-ferromagnetic nanocomposite was used as a sorbent through the magnetic dispersive solid phase extraction. For preparation of the sorbent, first, carbonised cellulose nanoparticles were created by treating cellulose filter paper with concentrated solution of sulfuric acid. Then, the prepared nanoparticles were loaded onto Fe3O4 nanoparticles through coprecipitation. In the extraction process, first, a few mg of the sorbent was added to the diluted honey solution and dispersed in it using vortex agitation. The particles were then separated and the adsorbed analytes were eluted with an organic solvent. The eluent was taken and after mixing with a water-immiscible extraction solvent was used in the following solidification of floating organic droplet-based dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction procedure. By performing the extraction process under the obtained optimum conditions, low limits of detection (0.08-0.17 ng g-1) and quantification (0.27-0.57 ng g-1), satisfactory precision (relative standard deviations ≤ 5.0%), and wide linear range (0.57-500 ng g-1) with great coefficients of determination (r2≥ 0.9986) were obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Mohebbi
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Fathi
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Afshar Mogaddam
- Food and Drug Safety Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mir Ali Farajzadeh
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
- Engineering Faculty, Near East University, Nicosia, Turkey
| | - Saeid Yaripour
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Nazir Fattahi
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Xiong J, Tian L, Shen X, Huang C. Comparison of the applicability of electromembrane extraction and liquid-phase microextraction for extraction of non-polar basic drugs from different biological samples: Using clozapine as the model analyte. J Sep Sci 2024; 47:e2300745. [PMID: 38356226 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202300745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Understanding and comparing the applicability of electromembrane extraction (EME) and liquid-phase microextraction (LPME) is crucial for selecting an appropriate microextraction approach. In this work, EME and LPME based on supported liquid membranes were compared using biological samples, including whole blood, urine, saliva, and liver tissue. After optimization, efficient EME and LPME of clozapine from four biological samples were achieved. EME provided higher recovery and faster mass transfer for blood and liver tissue than LPME. These advantages were attributed to the electric field disrupting clozapine binding to interfering substances. For urine and saliva, EME demonstrated similar recoveries while achieving faster mass transfer rates. Finally, efficient EME and LPME were validated and evaluated combined with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The coefficient of determination of all methods was greater than 0.999, and all methods showed acceptable reproducibility (≤14%), accuracy (90%-110%), and matrix effect (85%-112%). For liver and blood with high viscosity and complex matrices, EME-LC-MS/MS provided better sensitivity than LPME-LC-MS/MS. The above results indicated that both EME and LPME could be used to isolate non-polar basic drugs from different biological samples, although EME demonstrated higher recovery rates for liver tissue and blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Xiong
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Linxin Tian
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiantao Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chuixiu Huang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Chormey DS, Zaman BT, Kustanto TB, Erarpat Bodur S, Bodur S, Er EÖ, Bakırdere S. Deep eutectic solvents for the determination of endocrine disrupting chemicals. Talanta 2024; 268:125340. [PMID: 37948953 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
The harmful effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) to humans and other organisms in the environment have been well established over the years, and more studies are ongoing to classify other chemicals that have the potential to alter or disrupt the regular function of the endocrine system. In addition to toxicological studies, analytical detection systems are progressively being improved to facilitate accurate determination of EDCs in biological, environmental and food samples. Recent microextraction methods have focused on the use of green chemicals that are safe for analytical applications, and present very low or no toxicity upon disposal. Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have emerged as one of the viable alternatives to the conventional hazardous solvents, and their unique properties make them very useful in different applications. Notably, the use of renewable sources to prepare DESs leads to highly biodegradable products that mitigate negative ecological impacts. This review presents an overview of both organic and inorganic EDCs and their ramifications on human health. It also presents the fundamental principles of liquid phase and solid phase microextraction methods, and gives a comprehensive account of the use of DESs for the determination of EDCs in various samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dotse Selali Chormey
- Yıldız Technical University, Department of Chemistry, 34220, İstanbul, Turkiye; Neutec Pharmaceutical, Yıldız Technical University Teknopark, 34220, İstanbul, Turkiye.
| | - Buse Tuğba Zaman
- Yıldız Technical University, Department of Chemistry, 34220, İstanbul, Turkiye
| | - Tülay Borahan Kustanto
- Yıldız Technical University, Department of Chemistry, 34220, İstanbul, Turkiye; Neutec Pharmaceutical, Yıldız Technical University Teknopark, 34220, İstanbul, Turkiye
| | - Sezin Erarpat Bodur
- Yıldız Technical University, Department of Chemistry, 34220, İstanbul, Turkiye
| | - Süleyman Bodur
- Yıldız Technical University, Department of Chemistry, 34220, İstanbul, Turkiye; İstinye University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, 34010, İstanbul, Turkiye; İstinye University, Scientific and Technological Research Application and Research Center, 34010, İstanbul, Turkiye
| | - Elif Özturk Er
- İstanbul Technical University, Department of Chemical Engineering, 34469, İstanbul, Turkiye
| | - Sezgin Bakırdere
- Yıldız Technical University, Department of Chemistry, 34220, İstanbul, Turkiye; Turkish Academy of Sciences (TÜBA), Vedat Dalokay Street, No: 112, 06670, Çankaya, 06670, Ankara, Turkiye.
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Zaman BT, Bozyiğit GD, Şaylan M, Koçoğlu ES, Kartoğlu B, Aydın ES, Girgin A, Borahan T, Oflu S, Kılınç Y, Bakırdere EG, Bakırdere S. Implementation of simple and effective fine droplet formation-based spray-assisted liquid phase microextraction for the simultaneous determination of twenty-nine endocrine disruptor compounds and pesticides in rock, soil, water, moss, and feces samples from antarctica using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2024; 31:10920-10933. [PMID: 38216815 PMCID: PMC10850215 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31750-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
This study established the simultaneous determination of the selected endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) and pesticides in rock, soil, water, moss, and feces samples collected from the Antarctic region. The spray-assisted droplet formation-based liquid phase microextraction (SADF-LPME) coupled to GC-MS system was developed and validated for the screening and monitoring of 29 selected EDCs and pesticides. Binary solvent system, 1:1 (v/v) dichlormethane: 1,2-dichloroethane mixture was employed as an extraction solvent and sprayed onto sample or standard solutions using a straightforward and practical spray apparatus. The factors affecting the extraction process such as extraction solvent type and ratio, extraction solvent volume (spray repetition), vortexing period, and sample pH were properly optimized. Analytical figures of the merit of the method were recorded under the optimal extraction/chromatographic conditions. The LOD, LOQ, and enhancement factor were in the range of 1.0 to 6.6 ng/g, 3.2 to 22.1 ng/g, and 3.7 to 158.9, respectively. The method demonstrated a good linear working range for all the selected analytes with proper coefficients of determination. The usability and reliability of the microextraction strategy was confirmed using seawater, moss, and soil samples, and the %recoveries were within an acceptable range (> 70%) for all examined samples. The environmental samples collected from the Horseshoe and Faure Islands of the Antarctica region were analyzed to assess the potential pollution of EDCs and pesticides. This method has the potential to be employed for the analysis of EDCs in routine analytical laboratories and for controlling and screening the organic pollutant content of different environmental samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buse Tuğba Zaman
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Art and Science, Yildiz Technical University, 34220, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Gamze Dalgıç Bozyiğit
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, 34220, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Meltem Şaylan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Art and Science, Yildiz Technical University, 34220, İstanbul, Türkiye
- Department of Pharmacy, İstanbul Health and Technology University, Seyitnizam Street, No.: 85, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Elif Seda Koçoğlu
- Yildiz Technical University Central Research Laboratory, 34220, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Bedrihan Kartoğlu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Art and Science, Yildiz Technical University, 34220, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Efe Sinan Aydın
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry and Metallurgy, Yildiz Technical University, 34220, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Ayça Girgin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Art and Science, Yildiz Technical University, 34220, İstanbul, Türkiye
- Neutec Pharmaceuticals, Yildiz Technical University Technopark, 34220, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Tülay Borahan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Art and Science, Yildiz Technical University, 34220, İstanbul, Türkiye
- Neutec Pharmaceuticals, Yildiz Technical University Technopark, 34220, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Sude Oflu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Art and Science, Yildiz Technical University, 34220, İstanbul, Türkiye
- Neutec Pharmaceuticals, Yildiz Technical University Technopark, 34220, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Yağmur Kılınç
- Neutec Pharmaceuticals, Yildiz Technical University Technopark, 34220, Istanbul, Türkiye
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Institute of Science, Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University, 67100, Zonguldak, Türkiye
| | - Emine Gülhan Bakırdere
- Department of Science Education, Faculty of Education, Yildiz Technical University, 34220, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Sezgin Bakırdere
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Art and Science, Yildiz Technical University, 34220, İstanbul, Türkiye.
- Turkish Academy of Sciences (TÜBA), Vedat Dalokay Street, No. 112, Çankaya, 06670, Ankara, Türkiye.
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Yıldırım S, Karabulut SN, Çiçek M, Horstkotte B. Deep eutectic solvent-based ferrofluid for vortex-assisted liquid-liquid microextraction of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs from environmental waters. Talanta 2024; 268:125372. [PMID: 37952315 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
A novel ferrofluid of Fe3O4 nanoparticles and a deep eutectic solvent (DES) composed of menthol and pentanoic acid was introduced as a green microextraction medium. The ferrofluid was successfully used as an extractant for vortex-assisted liquid-liquid microextraction (VALLME) of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in environmental waters prior to their determination by HPLC-DAD. Once the ferrofluid was dispersed in the sample by vortex agitation, phase separation could be easily achieved by placing a neodymium magnet next to the tube, which eliminated the centrifugation step and simplified the operational procedure. As a result, the sample pretreatment took only ≈2 min. The experimental parameters, including pH, nanoparticle amount, ferrofluid volume, vortex time, salt amount, and disruptive solvent type and its volume, were optimized stepwise. The method showed linear behavior for all NSAIDs from 5 to 100 μg/L, with limit of detection values and enrichment factors in the ranges of 1.68-2.05 μg/L and 38.9-50.6, respectively. Intra- and Inter-day accuracies obtained from the analysis of spiked river, lake, and tap water samples at low and high-quality control levels (20 and 80 μg/L) ranged from 90.3% to 108.0%, with relative standard deviations less than <12.3%. The results of this study demonstrate that the use of DES-based ferrofluid in VALLME can be considered a simple, environmentally friendly, and reliable alternative for the determination of NSAIDs in environmental waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sercan Yıldırım
- Karadeniz Technical University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Farabi Street, 61080, Trabzon, Turkey.
| | - Sema Nur Karabulut
- Karadeniz Technical University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Farabi Street, 61080, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Mükafat Çiçek
- Karadeniz Technical University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Farabi Street, 61080, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Burkhard Horstkotte
- Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
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Osiecka D, Vakh C, Makoś-Chełstowska P, Kubica P. Plant-based meat substitute analysis using microextraction with deep eutectic solvent followed by LC-MS/MS to determine acrylamide, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and furaneol. Anal Bioanal Chem 2024; 416:1117-1126. [PMID: 38123751 PMCID: PMC10850178 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-05107-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
For the analysis of plant-based meat substitutes and the determination of Maillard reaction products such as acrylamide, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and furaneol, a novel and effective procedure based on hydrophobic natural deep eutectic solvent and liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry was developed for the first time. The 49 compositions of the deep eutectic solvents were designed and screened to select the most suitable option. The terpenoids eugenol and thymol in a molar ratio of 2:1 were selected as precursors for solvent formation, allowing effective extraction of the target analytes. The developed procedure comprised two main steps: extraction - in which the analytes are isolated from the solid sample due to the salting-out effect and pre-concentrated in the deep eutectic solvent, and back-extraction - in which the analytes are re-extracted into the formic acid solution for subsequent mass spectrometric detection. As the density of the aqueous phases changed during the extraction and back-extraction steps, the phenomenon of inversion of the coalesced organic phase was observed, which simplified the withdrawing of the phases. The linear range was 1-50 ng/mL for acrylamide, 10-1000 ng/mL for 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and 200-1000 ng/mL for furaneol with coefficients of determination above 0.9952. The developed method was fully validated and found recoveries were in the range 83-120%, with CVs not exceeding 4.9%. The method was applied to real sample analysis of pea-based meat substitutes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Osiecka
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 G. Narutowicza Street, 80-233, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Christina Vakh
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 G. Narutowicza Street, 80-233, Gdańsk, Poland
- EcoTech Center, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 G. Narutowicza Street, 80-233, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Patrycja Makoś-Chełstowska
- Department of Process Engineering and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 G. Narutowicza Street, 80-233, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Paweł Kubica
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 G. Narutowicza Street, 80-233, Gdańsk, Poland.
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39
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Berlato DG, Bezerra Pacheco AL, Ugalde GA, Reginato FZ, Saldanha GDA, Oliveira TFD, Eller S, Bairros AVD. Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) for determination of tricyclic antidepressants in whole blood and plasma samples and analysis by liquid chromatography with diode array detector (LC-DAD). Toxicol Mech Methods 2024; 34:189-202. [PMID: 37830174 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2023.2269236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Microextractions have been developed for the tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) analysis in biological matrices, including dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME). The proposed DLLME employed 490 µL of biological sample (whole blood or plasma), which were added 15 mg of NaCl, 10 µL of medazepam as internal standard (10 µg/mL) and 100 µL of 2 M NaOH. This mixture was homogenized by vortex (2800 rpm/10 s) and 400 µL of hexane (extractor solvent) with 600 µL of methanol (dispersing solvent) were added to the sample. After the vortex step (2800 rpm/5 s), an ultrasonic bath for 300 s was employed. Then, this content was centrifuged (10 min/10000 rpm), organic phase was collected and dried under air flow. After, 30 µL of the mobile phase was used for resuspension and 20 µL is injected into LC-DAD. This method was optimized and fully validated according to UNODC and SWGTOX guidelines, reaching limits of detection equivalent to analytical methodologies that employ mass spectrometry (MS). Also, it was applied in real cases involving suspected exposure to TCAs. So, the developed DLLME for the determination of TCAs in whole blood and plasma samples proved to be a simple, reliable, robust and reproducible method that can be used in toxicology and clinical laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dener Gomes Berlato
- Nucleous Applied to Toxicology (NAT), Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - André Lucas Bezerra Pacheco
- Nucleous Applied to Toxicology (NAT), Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Andrade Ugalde
- Nucleous Applied to Toxicology (NAT), Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Ziegler Reginato
- Nucleous Applied to Toxicology (NAT), Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Geovane de Almeida Saldanha
- Nucleous Applied to Toxicology (NAT), Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Tiago Franco de Oliveira
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Sarah Eller
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - André Valle de Bairros
- Nucleous Applied to Toxicology (NAT), Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
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Fattahi N, Heidari R, Ghazanfaripoor B, Masoudipour E, Gharehdaghi J, Nejad KS. Standardization of the analytical procedure based on deep eutectic solvent for the extraction and measurement of tricyclic antidepressants drugs in post-mortem blood samples. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 238:115811. [PMID: 37879218 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Measuring drugs in post-mortem blood samples is one of the most important challenges in forensic medicine. The development of sensitive analytical techniques for the measurement of drugs in biological samples is of great use in forensic medicine. In this research an easy, safe and environmental friendly vortex-assisted liquid phase microextraction (VA-LPME) based on deep eutectic solvent (DES) followed by high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detector (HPLC-UV) was developed for the extraction, preconcentration and analysis of tricyclic antidepressants drugs (TCAs) in post-mortem blood samples. DES synthesized from thymol as hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA) and ethylene glycol (EG) as hydrogen bond donor (HBD) with a molar ratio of 2:1 was used as an extractant. After adding DES to the sample solution, the resulting mixture was vortexed in order to increase the contact surface and increase the extraction efficiency. Next, phase separation was done using centrifugation. Some effective parameters on the extraction were studied and optimized. Under the optimum conditions, intra- and inter-day %RSDs of the method based on 7 replicate measurements of 100 μg L-1 of TCAs in blood samples were in the range of 2.4-5.1 and 3.7-6.8 %, respectively. The analytical performance of the method showed linearity over the concentration of 3-500 μg L-1 with the detection limits ranging from 1.0-2.0 μg L-1. The trueness of the method was confirmed by spiking different concentrations of TCAs in real blood samples and obtaining relative recoveries in the range of 91.2-108 %.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazir Fattahi
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Islamic Republic of Iran.
| | - Rohollah Heidari
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Behzad Ghazanfaripoor
- Legal Medicine Research Center, Legal Medicine Organization, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Elham Masoudipour
- Legal Medicine Research Center, Legal Medicine Organization, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Jaber Gharehdaghi
- Legal Medicine Research Center, Legal Medicine Organization, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Kambiz Soltani Nejad
- Legal Medicine Research Center, Legal Medicine Organization, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
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41
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Li J, Sun Y, Man Y, Zhang T, Feng X, Yang Z, Zhao H, Zhao R, He L. A Novel and Highly Efficient Microextraction Method for the Determination of Aflatoxin Precursor Averantin in Fatty Grain Samples. J Agric Food Chem 2024; 72:1330-1338. [PMID: 38173280 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c06572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Averantin (AVN) is an important aflatoxin biosynthetic precursor and has been listed in the screening range of mycotoxins. Herein, a novel ionic liquid-based one-, two-, and three-phase transition microextraction (IL-OTTPTME) method was combined with high-performance liquid chromatography for the extraction and determination of AVN in fatty grain samples. The formation of a homogeneous solution and three-phase system during the IL-OTTPTME process allowed both efficient extraction and coextracted lipid cleanup. Density functional theory calculations and distribution coefficient determination results demonstrated that AVN extraction by IL mainly occurred through hydrogen-bond and π-π interactions. Under optimized conditions, the LOD and LOQ of the proposed method were 0.5 and 1.5 ng/g, respectively. Finally, the method was used to determine AVN in several grains with different fat contents, achieving satisfactory relative recoveries (86.0-107.8%) and RSDs (1.2-6.2%, n = 3).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingna Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yaming Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yong Man
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xiaxing Feng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Hailiang Zhao
- School of Environmental Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Renyong Zhao
- School of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Lijun He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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42
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García-Atienza P, Martínez-Pérez-Cejuela H, Manuel Herrero-Martínez J, Armenta S. Liquid phase microextraction based on natural deep eutectic solvents of psychoactive substances from biological fluids and natural waters. Talanta 2024; 267:125277. [PMID: 37813012 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES)-based for liquid phase microextraction (LPME) is proposed for the isolation of different psychoactive substances in water and biological fluids followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The NADES composition was optimized (L-menthol:octanoic acid, 1:2 M ratio) prior to the study of the extraction conditions such as sample and elution volumes, obtaining up to 16-fold preconcentration factor. Next, the quality parameters were studied including linearity from LOQs (0.0006-0.05 μg L-1) to 100 μg L-1, precision values (expressed as relative standard deviation, RSD≤8 %) and recoveries above 70 % in most cases. Certified saliva and serum samples were analyzed by the proposed method to assess the accuracy of the developed procedure, providing values statistically comparable to the certified ones. In addition, the proposed methodology was evaluated by applying green metrics (AGREEprep tool) and the obtained values were compared with those reported for a similar procedure using LPME with common organic solvents such as chloroform or dichloromethane, outperforming them in both cases, which points out the potential of this method from the sustainability point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia García-Atienza
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Valencia, Dr Moliner 50, 46100, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | | | | | - Sergio Armenta
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Valencia, Dr Moliner 50, 46100, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
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43
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Mastellone G, Marengo A, Sgorbini B, Rubiolo P, Anderson JL, Cagliero C. Ultrasound-assisted dispersive solid-liquid microextraction with eutectic solvents for the determination of cannabinoids in different hemp products. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2024; 1232:123967. [PMID: 38113724 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2023.123967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
The wide range of applications of hemp products, together with the environmental benefits that come from hemp cultivation are driving up the market demand for Cannabis sativa L. plant. One of the main restrictions for hemp cultivation and marketing concerns the content of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabidiol (Δ9-THC), which is known to have psychotomimetic effect. If the recent growing of hemp market is beneficial by an economic and environmental point of view, it is necessary to develop reliable analytical methods for the chemical characterization of hemp products, to guarantee the safety of use for the customers. This study aimed to develop a simple ultrasound-assisted dispersive solid-liquid microextraction (UA-DSLME) method for the extraction of cannabinoids in hemp products, using eutectic solvents (ESs) as extraction material. Two types of ESs were compared: one prepared with a [Ch+][Br-]-modified salts as hydrogen bond acceptor and one based on natural terpenoids. The ultrasound-assisted dispersive solid-liquid microextraction method was optimized to be applied for the analysis of aerial parts of hemp collected before flowering, hemp inflorescences and a commercial sample called CBD oil, and proved to be robust and versatile. Under optimal conditions, only 100 µL of ES and 2 mL of water as co-solvent were used in the US-assisted extraction, before the analysis in the UHPLC-PDA system. The developed approach allowed to obtain the same chemical profile of conventional methods, while improving the greenness of the method and the enrichment of the marker analytes. To overcome the strong matrix effect for cannabinoids, a matrix-matched calibration was used. Blank matrices of the samples under study were easily obtained by performing an exhaustive extraction of the marker analytes in the hemp samples. These matrices were successfully used for validation, achieving accuracy values between 82% and 118%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Mastellone
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Arianna Marengo
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Barbara Sgorbini
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Patrizia Rubiolo
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Jared L Anderson
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Cecilia Cagliero
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy.
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Nascimento MM, Dos Anjos JP, Nascimento ML, Assis Felix CS, da Rocha GO, de Andrade JB. Development of a green liquid-phase microextraction procedure using a customized device for the comprehensive determination of legacy and current pesticides in distinct types of wine samples. Talanta 2024; 266:124914. [PMID: 37524042 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we reported the development of a novel, simple, and green liquid-phase microextraction (LPME) procedure based on the use of a customized device for the determination of 47 multiclass pesticides in red, white, and rosè wine samples by GC-MS. The main parameters that affect the LPME were optimized using multivariate statistical techniques such as centroid-simplex mixture design and Doehlert design. The optimal conditions were: 70 μL of toluene as extractor solvent; concentration of NaCl (2.7%, m v-1); pH 4; and an extraction time of 30 min, under vortex-assisted agitation (at 500 rpm). After validation, it was possible to obtain LOQ values as low as 7.63 ng L-1 and extraction recoveries ranging from 81.7% to 119% for most of the target pesticides. The application of exploratory analysis, specifically Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA), provided evidence indicating contamination in the different types of wine samples, primarily by systemic fungicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madson M Nascimento
- Centro Universitário SENAI-CIMATEC, Av. Orlando Gomes, 1845 - Piatã, 41650-010, Salvador, BA, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Em Energia e Ambiente - INCT E&A, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115, Salvador, BA, Brazil; Centro Interdisciplinar de Energia e Ambiente - CIEnAm, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Jeancarlo P Dos Anjos
- Centro Universitário SENAI-CIMATEC, Av. Orlando Gomes, 1845 - Piatã, 41650-010, Salvador, BA, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Em Energia e Ambiente - INCT E&A, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Melise L Nascimento
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Em Energia e Ambiente - INCT E&A, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115, Salvador, BA, Brazil; Centro Interdisciplinar de Energia e Ambiente - CIEnAm, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Caio Silva Assis Felix
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Em Energia e Ambiente - INCT E&A, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115, Salvador, BA, Brazil; Centro Interdisciplinar de Energia e Ambiente - CIEnAm, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Gisele O da Rocha
- Centro Universitário SENAI-CIMATEC, Av. Orlando Gomes, 1845 - Piatã, 41650-010, Salvador, BA, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Em Energia e Ambiente - INCT E&A, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115, Salvador, BA, Brazil; Centro Interdisciplinar de Energia e Ambiente - CIEnAm, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115, Salvador, BA, Brazil; Universidade Federal da Bahia, Instituto de Química, Campus de Ondina, 40170-115, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Jailson B de Andrade
- Centro Universitário SENAI-CIMATEC, Av. Orlando Gomes, 1845 - Piatã, 41650-010, Salvador, BA, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Em Energia e Ambiente - INCT E&A, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115, Salvador, BA, Brazil; Centro Interdisciplinar de Energia e Ambiente - CIEnAm, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
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45
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Alves Rocha B, Gallimberti M, Paulo Bianchi Ximenez J, Giovana Basso C, Joel Martino-Andrade A, Martin Koch H, Augusto Calixto L, Barbosa F. An eco-friendly sample preparation procedure based on air-assisted liquid-liquid microextraction for the rapid determination of phthalate metabolites in urine samples by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Talanta 2024; 266:124974. [PMID: 37494769 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Urinary phthalate metabolite (mPAEs) analysis is a reliable tool for assessing human exposure to phthalates. With growing interest in urinary biomonitoring of these metabolites, there is a need for fast and sensitive analytical methods. Therefore, a simple, rapid procedure for simultaneous determination of fifteen phthalate metabolites in human urine samples by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was developed. The novelty of the present procedure is based on the use of diethyl carbonate as a green biobased extraction solvent and air-assisted liquid-liquid microextraction (AALLME) as a sample preparation step. A Plackett-Burman design was used for screening the factors that influence the AALLME extraction efficiency of mPAEs. The effective factors were then optimized by response surface methodology using a central composite rotatable design. Under the optimized conditions, good linearity can be achieved in a concentration range of 1.0-20.0 ng mL-1 with correlation coefficients higher than 0.99. The repeatability and reproducibility precision were in the range of 2-12% and 1-10% respectively. Recoveries ranging from 90% to 110%. This, and the low limits of detection, ranging from 0.01 to 0.05 ng mL-1, make the proposed procedure sensitive and suitable for human biomonitoring of phthalate exposures. For proof-of-principle, the new method was used to measure the urinary concentrations of mPAEs in 20 urine samples from Brazilian women. The high frequency of detections and in part high concentrations of mPAEs indicate to widespread exposure to several phthalates among Brazilian women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Alves Rocha
- Analytical and System Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Avenida do Cafe s/nº, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, 14040-903, Brazil.
| | - Matheus Gallimberti
- Analytical and System Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Avenida do Cafe s/nº, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, 14040-903, Brazil
| | - João Paulo Bianchi Ximenez
- Analytical and System Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Avenida do Cafe s/nº, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, 14040-903, Brazil
| | - Carla Giovana Basso
- Department of Physiology, Animal Endocrine and Reproductive Physiology Laboratory, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Parana, Brazil
| | - Anderson Joel Martino-Andrade
- Department of Physiology, Animal Endocrine and Reproductive Physiology Laboratory, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Parana, Brazil
| | - Holger Martin Koch
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Germany
| | - Leandro Augusto Calixto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Environmental, Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 099972-270, Brazil
| | - Fernando Barbosa
- Analytical and System Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Avenida do Cafe s/nº, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, 14040-903, Brazil
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46
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Rodríguez-Ramos R, Herrera-Herrera AV, Díaz-Romero C, Socas-Rodríguez B, Rodríguez-Delgado MÁ. Eco-friendly approach developed for the microextraction of xenobiotic contaminants from tropical beverages using a camphor-based natural hydrophobic deep eutectic solvent. Talanta 2024; 266:124932. [PMID: 37499359 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
In this work, an innovative green strategy has been developed for the analysis of twenty-seven endocrine disruptors, including bisphenols, alkylphenols and alkylphenol ethoxylates, phthalic acid esters and one adipate in tropical beverages. For this purpose, nine natural hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents based on the terpenoids camphor, thymol and menthol at different molar ratios were investigated for the first time as extractants for the liquid-liquid microextraction of the target analytes from coconut waters and Aloe Vera drinks. A mixture of camphor:thymol at molar ratio 1:2 (n/n) was selected as extraction solvent. Determination of the target analytes was carried out by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. After optimisation of the determination and extraction conditions, the methodology was validated achieving good results in terms of linearity, as well as recovery values in the range 75-111% and limits of quantification from 0.137 to 10.08 μg/L. Finally, the developed methodology was applied to the analysis of commercially available samples, finding the presence of diethyl phthalate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Rodríguez-Ramos
- Departamento de Química, Unidad Departamental de Química Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, s/nº, 38206, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, España
| | - Antonio V Herrera-Herrera
- Departamento de Química, Unidad Departamental de Química Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, s/nº, 38206, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, España; Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, 2, 38206, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, España
| | - Carlos Díaz-Romero
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Tecnología Farmacéutica, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, España
| | - Bárbara Socas-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Química, Unidad Departamental de Química Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, s/nº, 38206, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, España.
| | - Miguel Ángel Rodríguez-Delgado
- Departamento de Química, Unidad Departamental de Química Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, s/nº, 38206, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, España.
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47
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Ago KA, Kitte SA, Chirfa G, Gure A. Ternary solvent based homogeneous liquid-liquid microextraction for the preconcentration of organochlorine pesticides from water and apple juice samples. Anal Methods 2023; 16:128-139. [PMID: 38088042 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay01751f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the optimal experimental conditions were determined by optimizing the effect of extraction solvent types and volume, salt types and concentration, centrifugation speed and time using one variable at a time. Under optimal experimental conditions, calibration curves were constructed separately using water and apple juice samples as representative matrices, and good linearities were achieved over a wide concentration range of 0.2-1600 ng L-1 with a coefficient of determination (r2) ≥ 0.998. The limits of detection (LOD) and limits of quantification (LOQ), determined to be 3 and 10 times the signal-to-noise ratios (S/N), were between 0.07-3.9 and 0.2-12.0 ng L-1 for water samples and 2.6-10.0 and 8.0-30.0 ng L-1 for the apple juice sample respectively. The precisions study showed %RSD values of ≤6% for both matrices, indicating satisfactory precisions. The enrichment factors and recoveries of the proposed method ranged from 41.4-74.5 and 86-109% respectively. The proposed method could be used as a simple and environmentally friendly alternative for the analysis of OCPs from environmental and food matrices. This method potentially offers a more sustainable and effective approach to monitoring OCPs in environmental and food products. Its use in the analysis of apple juice samples is particularly novel and can provide valuable insights into pesticide contamination in fruit juices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kero Assefa Ago
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Jimma University, P. O. Box 378, Jimma, Ethiopia.
| | - Shimeles Addisu Kitte
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Jimma University, P. O. Box 378, Jimma, Ethiopia.
| | - Gadisa Chirfa
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Jimma University, P. O. Box 378, Jimma, Ethiopia.
| | - Abera Gure
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Jimma University, P. O. Box 378, Jimma, Ethiopia.
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48
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Jin F, Yin X, Wan Y, Zhang J, Wang J, Fu X, Fu T, Liu B, Chen Y, Tian B, Feng Z. Ultrasonic-microwave synergistic supramolecular solvent liquid-liquid microextraction of trace biogenic amines in fish and beer based on solidification of floating organic droplet. Food Chem 2023; 429:136965. [PMID: 37516607 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
It is important to detect the presence of biogenic amines (BAs) as indicators of food freshness. The purpose of this study was to develop a novel ultrasonic-microwave synergistic supramolecular solvent liquid-liquid microextraction based on solidification of floating organic droplet (UMS-SUPRAS-SFO-LLME) combined with high-performance liquid chromatography for the determination of BAs. The physical properties and microstructure of SUPRAS based on 1-dodecanol and tetrahydrofuran were studied, and the extraction conditions such as the SUPRAS volume, the UMS process, and the centrifugal conditions were optimized. The results for the extraction kinetics and thermodynamics showed that UMS-SUPRAS-SFO-LLME is a spontaneous, endothermic diffusion process. The linear ranges of this method are 0.1-2.0 × 105 ng·mL-1 (R2 > 0.994), the limits of detection are 4.0 × 10-3-6.0 × 10-2 ng·mL-1, and the recoveries were 96.28-103.15%. Compared with existing analysis methods, UMS-SUPRAS-SFO-LLME is a sensitive, green and economical sample pretreatment method for analyzing the enrichment of BAs in beer and fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Furong Jin
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xinyue Yin
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yang Wan
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Jiukai Zhang
- Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing 100176, China
| | - Jindi Wang
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xiangbo Fu
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Tianxin Fu
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Buwei Liu
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yongshi Chen
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Bo Tian
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Zhibiao Feng
- Department of Chemistry, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
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49
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Ayyıldız MF, Karaman DN, Kartoğlu B, Şaylan M, Chormey DS, Bakırdere S. A simple microwave-assisted synthesis of cobalt ferrite nanoparticles and its application for the determination of lead ions in rooibos (Aspalathus linearis) tea. Food Chem 2023; 429:136862. [PMID: 37478598 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a magnetic sorbent assisted dispersive solid phase extraction (DSPE) method was used to preconcentrate lead ions from rooibos tea samples for determination by slotted quartz tube-flame atomic absorption spectrometry (SQT-FAAS). Cobalt ferrite magnetic nanoparticles (CoFe2O4 MNPs) were synthesized by microwave assisted digestion. Limits of detection and quantification were calculated as 5.3 and 17.6 µg/L, respectively, in a linear dynamic range of 20-800 µg/L. The enhancement factor of the developed method was found to be 80-folds when compared to the detection limit of the regular FAAS system. The percent recoveries obtained for rooibos tea samples spiked at different concentrations were in the range of 77 - 125%, with high repeatability as indicated by low standard deviations. The findings of the study demonstrated that the CoFe2O4 MNPs-based extraction method is a straightforward, fast, affordable, safe, and eco-friendly approach to qualifying/quantifying lead with high precision in the selected beverage sample.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Devrim Nur Karaman
- Yıldız Technical University, Chemistry Department, 34220 İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Bedrihan Kartoğlu
- Yıldız Technical University, Chemistry Department, 34220 İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Meltem Şaylan
- Yıldız Technical University, Chemistry Department, 34220 İstanbul, Türkiye; İstanbul Health and Technology University, Department of Pharmacy Seyitnizam Street, No: 85, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Dotse Selali Chormey
- Yıldız Technical University, Chemistry Department, 34220 İstanbul, Türkiye; Neutec Pharmaceutical, Yıldız Technical University Teknopark, 34220 İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Sezgin Bakırdere
- Yıldız Technical University, Chemistry Department, 34220 İstanbul, Türkiye; Turkish Academy of Sciences (TÜBA), Vedat Dalokay Street, No: 112, Çankaya 06670, Ankara, Türkiye.
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Pradanas-González F, Aragoneses-Cazorla R, Merino-Sierra MÁ, Andrade-Bartolomé E, Navarro-Villoslada F, Benito-Peña E, Moreno-Bondi MC. Extracting mycotoxins from edible vegetable oils by using green, ecofriendly deep eutectic solvents. Food Chem 2023; 429:136846. [PMID: 37467670 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we developed an environmentally friendly liquid-liquid microextraction method using a natural deep eutectic solvent in combination with liquid chromatography for the simultaneous determination of four mycotoxins (deoxynivalenol, alternariol, ochratoxin A and zearalenone) in edible vegetable oils. A chemometric approach assessed the effect of the operational parameters on the mycotoxin extraction efficiency. The extracts were analyzed by HPLC coupled with a diode array and fluorescence detector. The optimum NADES composition resulted in the highest extraction recoveries, and it was applied to coextract the target mycotoxins in several types of edible vegetable oils without using hazardous solvents or requiring further clean-up. The limits of detection ranged from 0.07 to 300 µg kg-1, and recoveries were close to 100%, except for zearalenone (viz. 35%), with relative standard deviations below 9% in all cases. The proposed method was validated following the European Commission 2002/657/EC and 2006/401/EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Pradanas-González
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de CC. Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rubén Aragoneses-Cazorla
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de CC. Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Merino-Sierra
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de CC. Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Andrade-Bartolomé
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de CC. Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Navarro-Villoslada
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de CC. Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Elena Benito-Peña
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de CC. Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - María Cruz Moreno-Bondi
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de CC. Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
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