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Liao Q, Tang P, Song Y, Liu B, Huang H, Liang J, Lin M, Shao Y, Liu S, Pan D, Huang D, Qiu X. Association of single and multiple prefluoroalkyl substances exposure with preterm birth: Results from a Chinese birth cohort study. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 307:135741. [PMID: 35863418 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are persistent organic pollutants that may lead the adverse birth outcomes, including preterm birth (PTB). However, previous studies have reported inconsistent results on the association between PFASs and PTB, and lack of the epidemiological evidence regarding the effect of PFASs mixture on PTB. This study aimed to explore association of individual and multiple exposure to PFASs with PTB. METHODS The study subjects were consisted of 1341 pregnant women from Guangxi Zhuang Birth Cohort in Guangxi, China, from June 2015 to April 2019. Nine PFASs concentrations in the maternal serum were examined by ultrahigh liquid performance chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and the gestational weeks were obtained from medical records. We applied binary logistics regression model to explore correlation between individual PFAS and PTB and inspected the combined effect of PFASs mixture on PTB by applying Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) and weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression models. RESULTS In adjusted logistics regression model, perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), perfluoroheptanoic acid (PFHpA), perfluorobutanesulfonic acid (PFBS), ∑perfluorinated sulfonic acids (PFSA), and ∑PFASs were positively associated with the risk of PTB. In contrast, perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnA), perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS), and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) were negatively associated with the risk of PTB. These associations of n PFOS and PFHpA with PTB were found to be more pronounced in male infants. Restricted cubic splines (RCSs) showed an inverse U-shaped relationship between PFBS and PTB. Analysis from BKMR model showed a positive association between PFASs mixture and PTB, and no evidence of interactions among the nine PFASs were detected. Additionally, PFHpA, PFOS, and PFBS were identified as the main contributors for the effect of PFASs mixture on increasing the risk of PTB by BKMR and WQS models. CONCLUSION Prenatal exposure to higher levels of PFASs mixture was associated with higher risk of PTB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Peng Tang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Yanye Song
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530031, Guangxi, China
| | - Bihu Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Huishen Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Jun Liang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Mengrui Lin
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Yantao Shao
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530031, Guangxi, China
| | - Shun Liu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Dongxiang Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
| | - Dongping Huang
- Department of Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
| | - Xiaoqiang Qiu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
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Peng C, He Y, Zhang K, Zhang Y, Wan X, Wang M, Chen W. Estimating accumulation rates and health risks of PAHs in residential soils of metropolitan cities. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 319:115699. [PMID: 35841779 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Predicting temporal changes in PAH concentrations in urban soils and their corresponding health risk is essential for developing appropriate management measures to prevent those risks. Concentrations of PAHs in soils of residential areas with different building ages in three metropolitan cities were determined to estimate the accumulation rates of PAHs in soil. The mean concentrations of total PAHs (∑PAHs) were 1297 ng/g in Shanghai, 865 ng/g in Beijing, and 228 ng/g in Shenzhen. The primary sources of the PAHs were traffic and coal combustion for industrial activity and space heating. The high PAH concentrations in Shanghai were attributed to the relatively high average building age of the sampled residential areas and the low annual temperature in the city. The overall annual accumulation rates of PAHs in the soils were estimated from linear regressions between the PAH concentrations and building age of the residential areas. The annual accumulation rate of PAHs in the soils was 64.7 ng/g in Beijing, 24.2 ng/g in Shanghai, and 3.3 ng/g in Shenzhen. The higher rate in Beijing was due to the higher intensity of PAH emissions and the lower temperature. The regression estimations suggest that health risks posed by PAHs in residential soils of the metropolitan cities increase considerably with time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Peng
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China.
| | - Yalei He
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Xinxing Wan
- Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Meie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China
| | - Weiping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China
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Zhang Y, Lim D, Cai Z, Peng J, Jia B, Chu G, Zhang F, Dong C, Feng Z. Valproic acid counteracts polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)-induced tumorigenic effects by regulating the polarization of macrophages. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 241:113779. [PMID: 35751934 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are common persistent organic pollutants that are carcinogenic, teratogenic and mutagenic, causing a variety of harm to human health. In this study, we investigated the mechanism of how valproic acid (VPA) interferes with the carcinogenesis of PAHs protect normal tissues via the regulation of macrophages' function. Using the established model of transformed malignant breast cancer by 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA), a representative PAH carcinogen, we discovered VPA induces the polarization of macrophages toward the M1 phenotype in the tumor tissues, facilitates the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IFN-γ, IL-12 and TNF-α, activates CD8+ T cells to secret Granzyme B thus to promote the apoptosis of tumor cells and suppresses the viability of vascular endothelial cells in tissue stroma of tumor. Surprisingly, VPA selectively induces macrophages to polarize towards the M2 phenotype in normal tissues and promotes the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-10 to enhance cell proliferation. Additionally, at the cellular level, VPA can directly regulate the polarization of macrophages to affect the growth of vascular endothelial cells by simulating the living conditions of tumor and normal cells. Collectively, VPA exerts an interventional effect on tumor growth and a protective effect on normal tissues by regulation of selective macrophages' polarization in their microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yisha Zhang
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - David Lim
- Translational Health Research Institute, School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, New South Wales, Australia; College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Zuchao Cai
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Junxuan Peng
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Beidi Jia
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Guoliang Chu
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Fengmei Zhang
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Chao Dong
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China.
| | - Zhihui Feng
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China.
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Cui M, Xu S, Song W, Ye H, Huang J, Liu B, Dong B, Xu Z. Trace metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and polychlorinated biphenyls in the surface sediments from Sanya River, China: Distribution, sources and ecological risk. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 294:118614. [PMID: 34863889 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The urban inland river ecosystems are now facing comprehensive pollution and governance pressures. Up to now, few works related to the multiple pollution assessment of trace metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) for the urban inland river sediments have been reported in China. Our study investigated the spatial distribution, ecological risk and potential sources of trace metals, PAHs and PCBs in surface sediment collected from 20 sampling sites of Sanya River, Hainan Province, China. The pollution status and potential ecological risk of trace metals were evaluated using the contamination indexes including geoaccumulation index (Igeo), individual potential ecological risk (Eri), potential ecological risk index (RI) and pollution load index (PLI). Considering the carcinogenicity and toxicity of PAHs and PCBs to human health and the ecological environment, we also analyzed the distributions, sources and adverse biological effects of PAHs and PCBs according to the sediment quality guidelines (SQGs), principal component analysis (PCA) and other source analysis. This study revealed that the surface sediments in Sanya River were extremely slight pollution and showed a very low ecological risk according to Igeo, Eri, PLI and RI results for trace metals. Besides, PAHs and PCBs pollution detected may not pose considerable adverse biological effect to ecological environment in a foreseeable period on the basis of comprehensive research results. The overall surface sediments quality of the Sanya River not seem to pose a serious pollution and ecological risk based on the evaluation results of multiple pollution factors. The study provided detailed information on the multiple pollution status and location of surface sediments, one of the key environmental indicators of international tourism cities, in the Sanya River, which would be useful for the water quality improvement of Sanya River and the environmental remediation of the other coastal ecosystems from different regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengke Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Shiliang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China; Shanghai Municipal Engineering Design Institute (Group) Co., Ltd., Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Wenqing Song
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China; Shanghai Municipal Engineering Design Institute (Group) Co., Ltd., Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Huibin Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Jialiang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China; YANGTZE Eco-Environment Engineering Research Center, China Three Gorges Corporation, Beijing, 100038, PR China
| | - Binhan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Bin Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China; YANGTZE Eco-Environment Engineering Research Center, China Three Gorges Corporation, Beijing, 100038, PR China.
| | - Zuxin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
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Ambade B, Kumar A, Sahu LK. Characterization and health risk assessment of particulate bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in indoor and outdoor atmosphere of Central East India. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:56269-56280. [PMID: 34050507 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14606-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The selected 16 high-priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were characterized in PM2.5 in the indoor and outdoor air samples collected at the urban slum and rural sites in the Central East India. At the urban slum site, the indoor and outdoor concentrations of PAHs were 466.03± 11.94 ng/m3 and 321.71± 34.87 ng/m3, respectively. At the rural location, the indoor and outdoor concentrations were 294.85± 20.53 ng/m3 and 241.74± 29.04 ng/m3, respectively. Three-four and five-ring PAHs were found to be dominant in both urban slum and rural sites. Diagnostic ratio (DR) analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) conclude that diesel exhaust, gasoline, biomass, and coal combustion were the significant sources of 16 PAHs in indoor and outdoor environments, the urban slum and rural sites. Lifetime average daily dose (LADD) and incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) values were calculated for health risk assessment for 6-year-old children and 24-year-old adults. The ELCR values in the urban slum site and the rural location were calculated 43.24 × 10-6 and 28.3 × 10-6. The ELCR values were observed between the acceptable limit 10-6-10-4 given by regulatory agency USEPA United States Environmental Protection Agency (1989).
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Affiliation(s)
- Balram Ambade
- Atmospheric Chemistry Lab, Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, 831014, India.
| | - Amit Kumar
- Atmospheric Chemistry Lab, Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, 831014, India
| | - Lokesh Kumar Sahu
- Physical Research Laboratory (PRL), Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, 380009, India
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Zhang Q, Meng J, Su G, Liu Z, Shi B, Wang T. Source apportionment and risk assessment for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soils at a typical coking plant. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 222:112509. [PMID: 34265535 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are widely present in the environment. The coking industry is an important industrial source of PAHs. Coke production in China accounts for 67.44% of total global coke production. Tangshan, a coastal city on the Bohai Rim, contains the largest cluster of coking plants in China. Extremely high PAH emissions in Tangshan may cause long-distance cross-border pollution problems. In this study, the concentrations and sources of 16 priority PAHs in soil at a coking plant in Tangshan were determined and the risks posed by the PAHs were assessed. The PAH concentrations were generally higher in surface soil than subsurface soil, particularly near the coke oven, crude benzol, and coal blending areas. The dibenz[a,h]anthracene (DBA) concentrations were higher than the risk screening value (1500 ngg-1) but lower than the control value (15,000 ngg-1) for type II land defined in Chinese standard (GB36600-2018). The main sources of PAHs were coal combustion, the coke oven, and traffic. The PAH concentrations were higher in the ammonium sulfate, boiler room, coal blending, and coke oven areas than in the other areas. Toxic equivalent concentrations were calculated to assess the toxic and carcinogenic risks posed by PAHs. The toxic equivalent concentrations were relatively high in the boiler, crude benzol, and coal blending areas, where the toxic equivalent concentrations for the sums of seven highly carcinogenic PAHs contributed 95% of the toxic equivalent concentrations for the sums of the 16 PAHs that were analyzed. The carcinogenic risks posed to humans were therefore assessed using the concentrations of the seven highly carcinogenic PAHs. Dermal contact was found to be an important exposure pathway leading to carcinogenic risks. The carcinogenic risk posed by DBA was > 1 × 10-6 but < 5 × 10-6, indicating that DBA concentrations at the study site monitored closely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qifan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environment Nanotechnology and Health Effects, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jing Meng
- Key Laboratory of Environment Nanotechnology and Health Effects, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guijin Su
- Key Laboratory of Environment Nanotechnology and Health Effects, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhelun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environment Nanotechnology and Health Effects, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bin Shi
- Key Laboratory of Environment Nanotechnology and Health Effects, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tieyu Wang
- Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China.
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Zhai Y, Zheng F, Zhao X, Xia X, Teng Y. Identification of hydrochemical genesis and screening of typical groundwater pollutants impacting human health: A case study in Northeast China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 252:1202-1215. [PMID: 31252118 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.05.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Concentrations of common pollutants in groundwater continue to increase, and emerging pollutants are also increasingly found worldwide, thereby increasingly impacting human activities. In this new situation, it is necessary, albeit more difficult, to once again recognize the hydrochemical genesis of groundwater and to subsequently screen the typical pollutants. Taking the groundwater of the Songnen Plain of Northeast China as an example, the hydrochemical genesis was identified using space interpolation, characteristic element ratio and factor analysis methods based on 368 groundwater samples. Subsequently, the typical pollutants with potential impacts on the health of the local residents were screened by the index system method newly established. All the measured hydrochemical compositions show an obvious spatial variation, with a uniform hydrochemical type of HCO3-Ca in the whole area. Both the major compositions (K, Na, Ca, Mg, HCO3, Cl and SO4) and trace compositions (Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Pb, As, F, I and Se) are mainly protogenetic in an environment impacted by the lixiviation of groundwater in the migration process in the strata, although these compositions have been impacted by human activities to varying degrees. The mass concentration of NO3-N has exceeded most of the major compositions except for HCO3 and Ca, which means the nitrogen pollution problem is already very serious; and this problem is mainly caused by the utilization of fertilizers and the discharge of industrial wastewater and domestic sewage. Human activities have obviously disrupted the natural dynamic balance of these chemicals between the environment and the groundwater, thereby intensifying the release of F, Fe and Mn from the environment. TDS, total hardness, tri-nitrogen, F, Fe, Mn, Pb and As in some parts are found to exceed the standards of groundwater quality to varying degrees. As, Pb, Fe, NO3-N, NO2-N, Mn, F and NH4-N are finally screened as the typical pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanzheng Zhai
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Hydrological Cycle and Sponge City Technology, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Fuxin Zheng
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Hydrological Cycle and Sponge City Technology, Beijing, 100875, China.
| | - Xiaobing Zhao
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Hydrological Cycle and Sponge City Technology, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Xuelian Xia
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Hydrological Cycle and Sponge City Technology, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Yanguo Teng
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Hydrological Cycle and Sponge City Technology, Beijing, 100875, China
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Wang Z, Liu S, Zhang T. Characteristics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soil horizon from high-altitude mountains in Northeastern China. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 225:93-103. [PMID: 30861387 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have reported that soils from high altitude mountains act as primary reservoirs of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). This study aims to investigate the spatial distribution and illuminate the behaviors of PAHs in soil profiles from Mt. Wangtiane in Northeastern China. Soil samples were collected by different soil genetic horizon rather than by depths at 10 sites, with altitudes from 1000 m to 2022 m. Results showed significantly (p < 0.05) higher concentrations of total PAHs (16 PAHs) in O-horizons (371 ± 32 to 2224 ± 207 ng g-1) than those in A- and B-horizons (362 ± 30 to 666 ± 58 ng-1 and 289 ± 23 to 571 ± 50 ng g-1, respectively). An increasing trend of PAH concentrations with altitude was observed from elevation ca. 1000 m to ca. 1800 m, but no correlation between PAH concentrations and altitude along transect was found. Total organic carbon (TOC) was strongly correlated (p < 0.05) with PAH concentrations in O-horizons but showed no relation with those in A- and B-horizons. Low molecular weight (LMW) PAHs were dominated in each soil horizon, and decreased percentage of high molecular weight (HMW) PAHs with depths in soils profiles was observed. Principle component analysis (PCA) separated O-horizons and A-/B-horizons based on PAH compositions, again suggesting different PAH compositions among soil horizons. These results reflect various processes of PAHs, including deposition, vertical motion, degradation and photolysis. This study suggests it is better to investigate characteristics of PAHs in soils by horizon rather than by depths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zucheng Wang
- Institute for Peat & Mire Research, Key Laboratory of Geographical Processes and Ecological Security in Changbai Mountains, Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Wetland Ecological Processes and Environmental Change in the Changbai Mountains, China.
| | - Shasha Liu
- Institute for Peat & Mire Research, Key Laboratory of Geographical Processes and Ecological Security in Changbai Mountains, Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Wetland Ecological Processes and Environmental Change in the Changbai Mountains, China
| | - Tianyu Zhang
- Institute for Peat & Mire Research, Key Laboratory of Geographical Processes and Ecological Security in Changbai Mountains, Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Wetland Ecological Processes and Environmental Change in the Changbai Mountains, China
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Mitra S, Corsolini S, Pozo K, Audy O, Sarkar SK, Biswas JK. Characterization, source identification and risk associated with polyaromatic and chlorinated organic contaminants (PAHs, PCBs, PCBzs and OCPs) in the surface sediments of Hooghly estuary, India. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 221:154-165. [PMID: 30639811 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.12.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The spatial distribution, source identification and ecotoxicological impact of a group of persistent organic pollutants (POPs: dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs), polychlorobiphenyls (PCBs), polychlorobenzenes (PCBzs)), and polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were investigated in surface sediment samples (0-5 cm, <63 μm grain size) along the ecologically stressed Hooghly River estuary, East India. The results demonstrated a wide range of concentrations (ng/g dry weight) with the following decreasing order: ∑16PAHs (3.3-630) > ∑6DDTs (0.14-18.6) > ∑7PCBs (0.28-7.7) > ∑2PCBzs (0.01-1.3) > ∑5HCH (0.10-0.6), with a dominance of p,p'-DDT and higher molecular weight PAHs. Selected diagnostic ratios indicated a mixture of both pyrolytic and petrogenic sources of PAHs, inputs of weathered DDT and their degradation in oxidizing environment, and a predominance of industrial input over the agricultural wastes. The cumulative impact of the pollutants (effective range medium quotient (ERMq): 0.01-0.16) reflected minimal to low ecotoxicological risk, with highest probability of toxic effects towards surrounding biota at Barrackpore (21%). ∑6DDTs exceeded the effect range low value resulting occasional adverse impact to the sediment dwelling organisms. Among the PAHs, the 4-ringed compounds accounted for 68% of the PAHs. Further, carcinogenic PAHs (BaA, Chry, BbF, BkF, BaP, DahP, Inp) possessed highest cancer risk (CR = 2.09 × 10-3) to the local population when exposed to the sediments from the studied area and ingestion was found to be the primary process of contamination. The study strongly recommends a systematic monitoring of POPs and PAHs, being the Hooghly River water used by local people for their livelihood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumita Mitra
- Department of Marine Science, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Calcutta 700019, India
| | - Simonetta Corsolini
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, I-53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - Karla Pozo
- Research Center for Toxic Compound in the Environment (RECETOX), Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; Facultad de Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad San Sebastián, Lientur 1457 Concepción, Chile
| | - Ondrej Audy
- Research Center for Toxic Compound in the Environment (RECETOX), Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Santosh Kumar Sarkar
- Department of Marine Science, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Calcutta 700019, India
| | - Jayanta Kumar Biswas
- Department of Ecological Studies and International Centre for Ecological Engineering, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia 741235, India
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Sun J, Pan L, Tsang DCW, Zhan Y, Zhu L, Li X. Organic contamination and remediation in the agricultural soils of China: A critical review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 615:724-740. [PMID: 29017123 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.09.271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 09/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Soil pollution is a global problem in both developed and developing countries. Countries with rapidly developing economies such as China are faced with significant soil pollution problems due to accelerated industrialization and urbanization over the last decades. This paper provides an overview of published scientific data on soil pollution across China with particular focus on organic contamination in agricultural soils. Based on the related peer-reviewed papers published since 2000 (n=203), we evaluated the priority organic contaminants across China, revealed their spatial and temporal distributions at the national scale, identified their possible sources and fates in soil, assessed their potential environmental risks, and presented the challenges in current remediation technologies regarding the combined organic pollution of agricultural soils. The primary pollutants in Northeast China were polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) due to intensive fossil fuel combustion. The concentrations of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and phthalic acid esters (PAEs) were higher in North and Central China owing to concentrated agricultural activities. The levels of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were higher in East and South China primarily because of past industrial operations and improper electronic waste processing. The co-existence of organic contaminants was severe in the Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, and Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region, which are the most populated and industrialized regions in China. Integrated biological-chemical remediation technologies, such as surfactant-enhanced bioremediation, have potential uses in the remediation of soil contaminated by multiple contaminants. This critical review highlighted several future research directions including combined pollution, interfacial interactions, food safety, bioavailability, ecological effects, and integrated remediation methods for combined organic pollution in soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianteng Sun
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Lili Pan
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Yu Zhan
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Lizhong Zhu
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.
| | - Xiangdong Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
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Liu X, Liu Z, Zhang Y, Jiang B. The Effects of Floods on the Incidence of Bacillary Dysentery in Baise (Guangxi Province, China) from 2004 to 2012. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14020179. [PMID: 28208681 PMCID: PMC5334733 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14020179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Revised: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Research shows potential effects of floods on intestinal infections. Baise, a city in Guangxi Province (China) had experienced several floods between 2004 and 2012 due to heavy and constant precipitation. This study aimed to examine the relationship between floods and the incidence of bacillary dysentery in Baise. A mixed generalized additive model and Spearman correlation were applied to analyze the relationship between monthly incidence of bacillary dysentery and 14 flood events with two severity levels. Data collected from 2004 to 2010 were utilized to estimate the parameters, whereas data from 2011 to 2012 were used to validate the model. There were in total 9255 cases of bacillary dysentery included in our analyses. According to the mixed generalized additive model, the relative risks (RR) of moderate and severe floods on the incidence of bacillary dysentery were 1.40 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.16–1.69) and 1.78 (95% CI: 1.61–1.97), respectively. The regression analysis also indicated that the flood duration was negatively associated with the incidence of bacillary dysentery (with RR: 0.57, 95% CI: 0.40–0.86). Therfore, this research suggests that floods exert a significant part in enhancing the risk of bacillary dysentery in Baise. Moreover, severe floods have a higher proportional contribution to the incidence of bacillary dysentery than moderate floods. In addition, short-term floods may contribute more to the incidence of bacillary dysentery than a long-term flood. The findings from this research will provide more evidence to reduce health risks related to floods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuena Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
- Center for Climate Change and Health, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
| | - Zhidong Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
- Center for Climate Change and Health, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Public Health, China Studies Centre, the University of Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia.
| | - Baofa Jiang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
- Center for Climate Change and Health, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
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Li X, Shang X, Luo T, Du X, Wang Y, Xie Q, Matsuura N, Chen J, Kadokami K. Screening and health risk of organic micropollutants in rural groundwater of Liaodong Peninsula, China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2016; 218:739-748. [PMID: 27521296 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.07.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Revised: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/30/2016] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Groundwater serves as a main drinking water source for rural residents in China. However, little is known regarding the pollution of organic micropollutants in groundwater that may pose health risks. In this study, more than 1300 organic micropollutants were screened in the groundwater samples collected from 13 drinking water wells distributed across five rural regions of Liaodong Peninsula in China. A total of 80 organic micropollutants including 12 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, 11 alkanes, 9 pesticides, 7 substituted phenols, 7 perfluoroalkyl acids, 6 heterocyclic compounds, 5 alcohols, 5 phthalic acid esters, 5 pharmaceutical and personal care products, 3 ketones, 2 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), 2 alkylbenzenes and 2 chlorinated benzenes were detected, with their total concentration of 32-1.5 × 104 ng/L. Noncarcinogenic and carcinogenic risks of a part of pollutants were assessed. Exposure through skin absorption and oral ingestion was considered in the assessment. Generally the risks are within the acceptable limits, except for that the carcinogenic risk at two sites in Jinzhou is higher than 10-6. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on health risks of groundwater micropollutants in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuehua Li
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecological and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Xiaochen Shang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecological and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Tianlie Luo
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecological and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Xu Du
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecological and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Ya Wang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecological and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Qing Xie
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecological and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Naoki Matsuura
- Faculty of Environmental Engineering, The University of Kitakyushu, 1-1 Hibikino, Wakamatsu, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 808-0135, Japan
| | - Jingwen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecological and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Kiwao Kadokami
- Faculty of Environmental Engineering, The University of Kitakyushu, 1-1 Hibikino, Wakamatsu, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 808-0135, Japan.
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Mizwar A, Priatmadi BJ, Abdi C, Trihadiningrum Y. Assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) contamination in surface soil of coal stockpile sites in South Kalimantan, Indonesia. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2016; 188:152. [PMID: 26861742 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-016-5166-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Concentrations, spatial distribution, and sources of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), listed as priority pollutants by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), were investigated in surface soils of three different coal stockpile, agricultural, and residential sites in South Kalimantan Province, Indonesia. Total PAHs concentration ranged from 4.69 to 22.67 mg kg(-1)-dw. PAHs concentrations in soil of coal stockpile sites were higher than those in agricultural and residential soil. A complex of petrogenic origin and pyrolytic sources was found within the study area, as suggested by the isomeric ratios of PAHs. The results of principal component analysis and multiple linear regressions (PCA/MLR) showed that three sources contributed to the PAHs in the study area, including biomass and coal combustion (48.46%), raw coal (35.49%), and vehicular emission (16.05%). The high value of total benzo[a]pyrene equivalent concentration (B[a]Peq) suggests that local residents are exposed to a high carcinogenic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andy Mizwar
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya, Indonesia.
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarmasin, Indonesia.
| | | | - Chairul Abdi
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarmasin, Indonesia
| | - Yulinah Trihadiningrum
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya, Indonesia
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