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Silva EFDA, Lopes KS, Alves R, Carreira LMM, Silva DFDA, Romeiro LA, Batista Júnior WF, Rodrigues TM, Secco RS, Guimarães JTF. Late Quaternary hydroclimate and vegetation changes in an upland lake in southeastern Amazonia. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2023; 95:e20230173. [PMID: 38055564 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202320230173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
An integrated approach considering facies, isotopic, and palynological analyses of lake sediments from the Serra Norte de Carajás, southeastern Amazonia, is presented in this work to refine paleoclimate and paleohydrological changes based on upland lake sediments during the late Quaternary. The sediments have a fining-upward deposition cycle typical of upland swamps/lakes. The origin of organic matter is autochthonous mainly related to C3 terrestrial plants, macrophytes and algae. The pollen records of Hedyosmum during the Early Pleistocene suggest lower temperatures than those observed along Holocene. In the transitional period between the Pleistocene and the Holocene, rainfall decreased, causing the retraction of the flooded area, favoring the development of marshy conditions. The Late and Middle Holocene were marked by higher temperatures and lower humidity. Afterward, the increased pollen concentration from canga and forest vegetation, macrophytes, palms, and algae suggested increased humidity in the Early Holocene. The relative contribution of forest pollen along the records indicated that drier conditions were not strong enough for an extensive expansion of canga over forested areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edilson F DA Silva
- Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Programa de Pós-graduação em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia da Rede BIONORTE, Coordenação de Botânica, Av. Perimetral, 1901, Terra Firme, 66077-830 Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Karen S Lopes
- Instituto Tecnológico Vale, Rua Boaventura da Silva, 955, Nazaré 66055-090 Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Ronnie Alves
- Instituto Tecnológico Vale, Rua Boaventura da Silva, 955, Nazaré 66055-090 Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Léa Maria M Carreira
- Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Coordenação de Botânica, Av. Perimetral, 1901, Terra Firme, 66077-830 Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Delmo F DA Silva
- Gerência de Meio Ambiente, Minas de Carajás, Departamento de Ferrosos Norte, Estrada Raymundo Mascarenhas, s/n, Mina de N4, 68516-000 Parauapebas, PA, Brazil
| | - Luiza A Romeiro
- Instituto Tecnológico Vale, Rua Boaventura da Silva, 955, Nazaré 66055-090 Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Wilson F Batista Júnior
- Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Coordenação de Botânica, Av. Perimetral, 1901, Terra Firme, 66077-830 Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Tarcísio M Rodrigues
- Gerência de Meio Ambiente, Minas de Carajás, Departamento de Ferrosos Norte, Estrada Raymundo Mascarenhas, s/n, Mina de N4, 68516-000 Parauapebas, PA, Brazil
| | - Ricardo S Secco
- Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Programa de Pós-graduação em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia da Rede BIONORTE, Coordenação de Botânica, Av. Perimetral, 1901, Terra Firme, 66077-830 Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - José Tasso F Guimarães
- Instituto Tecnológico Vale, Rua Boaventura da Silva, 955, Nazaré 66055-090 Belém, PA, Brazil
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Romeiro-Brito M, Khan G, Perez MF, Zappi DC, Taylor NP, Olsthoorn G, Franco FF, Moraes EM. Revisiting phylogeny, systematics, and biogeography of a Pleistocene radiation. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY 2023; 110:1-17. [PMID: 36708517 DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.16134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE Pilosocereus (Cactaceae) is an important dry forest element in all subregions and transitional zones of the neotropics, with the highest diversity in eastern Brazil. The genus is subdivided into informal taxonomic groups; however, most of these are not supported by recent molecular phylogenetic inferences. This lack of confidence is probably due to the use of an insufficient number of loci and the complexity of cactus diversification. Here, we explored the species relationships in Pilosocereus in more detail, integrating multilocus phylogenetic approaches with the assessment of the ancestral range and the effect of geography on diversification shifts. METHODS We used 28 nuclear, plastid, and mitochondrial loci from 54 plant samples of 31 Pilosocereus species for phylogenetic analyses. We used concatenated and coalescent phylogenetic trees and Bayesian models to estimate the most likely ancestral range and diversification shifts. RESULTS All Pilosocereus species were clustered in the same branch, except P. bohlei. The phylogenetic relationships were more associated with the geographic distribution than taxonomic affinities among taxa. The genus began diversifying during the Plio-Pleistocene transition in the Caatinga domain and experienced an increased diversification rate during the Calabrian age. CONCLUSIONS We recovered a well-supported multispecies coalescent phylogeny. Our results refine the pattern of rapid diversification of Pilosocereus species across neotropical drylands during the Pleistocene and highlight the need for taxonomic rearrangements in the genus. We recovered a pulse of diversification during the Pleistocene that was likely driven by multiple dispersal and vicariance events within and among the Caatinga, Cerrado, and Atlantic Forest domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monique Romeiro-Brito
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Sorocaba, SP, 18052-780, Brazil
| | - Gulzar Khan
- Institute for Biology and Environmental Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky-University Oldenburg, Carl von Ossietzky-Str. 9-11, 26111, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Manolo F Perez
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Daniela C Zappi
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasília (UNB), PO Box 04457, Brasília, DF, 70910-970, Brazil
| | - Nigel P Taylor
- University of Gibraltar, Gibraltar Botanic Gardens Campus, The Alameda, PO Box 843, GX11 1AA, Gibraltar
| | | | - Fernando F Franco
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Sorocaba, SP, 18052-780, Brazil
| | - Evandro M Moraes
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Sorocaba, SP, 18052-780, Brazil
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Franco-Estrada D, Barrios D, Cervantes CR, Granados-Aguilar X, Arias S. Phylogenetic and morphological analyses of Pilosocereus leucocephalus group s.s. (Cactaceae) reveal new taxonomical implications. JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2022; 135:423-442. [PMID: 35305187 PMCID: PMC9081079 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-022-01384-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Pilosocereus is one of the Cactaceae family's most relevant genera in terms of the number of species and its wide geographical range in the Americas. Within Pilosocereus, five informal taxonomic groups have been recognized, one of which is P. leucocephalus group s.s., whose phylogenetic relationships remain unresolved. Therefore, our objectives are to recognize the circumscriptions of the species in P. leucocephalus group s.s. and to corroborate the monophyly and phylogenetic relationships of this group through a set of morphological and molecular characters. This study is based on representative sampling along the broad distribution of this group in Mexico and Central America using multivariate and phylogenetic analyses. The morphological characters identified to contribute to species recognition and group formation are branch diameter, areole length, the areole length-width ratio, the distance between areoles, the length of the longest radial spine, and branch and spines colors. The chloroplast markers rpl16, trnL-trnF, and petL-psbE and the nuclear marker AT1G18270 support the monophyly of the P. leucocephalus group s.s., and two probable synapomorphies are suggested, including one transversion in rpl16 and another in petL-psbE. Together, our results demonstrate that sampled species of P. leucocephalus group s.s. encompass six species distributed in Mexico and Central America: P. alensis and P. purpusii in the western region, P. chrysacanthus and P. collinsii in the central region, and P. gaumeri and P. leucocephalus in the eastern region. A taxonomic key to recognized species is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Franco-Estrada
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico.
- Jardín Botánico, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tercer Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Duniel Barrios
- Grupo de Ecología y Conservación, Jardín Botánico Nacional, Universidad de La Habana, Carretera El Rocío km 3½, Calabazar, Boyeros, 19 230, Havana, Cuba
| | - Cristian R Cervantes
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
- Jardín Botánico, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tercer Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Xochitl Granados-Aguilar
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
- Jardín Botánico, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tercer Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Salvador Arias
- Jardín Botánico, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tercer Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico.
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Franco FF, Amaral DT, Bonatelli IAS, Romeiro-Brito M, Telhe MC, Moraes EM. Evolutionary Genetics of Cacti: Research Biases, Advances and Prospects. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:452. [PMID: 35328006 PMCID: PMC8952820 DOI: 10.3390/genes13030452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, we present a review of the studies of evolutionary genetics (phylogenetics, population genetics, and phylogeography) using genetic data as well as genome scale assemblies in Cactaceae (Caryophyllales, Angiosperms), a major lineage of succulent plants with astonishing diversity on the American continent. To this end, we performed a literature survey (1992-2021) to obtain detailed information regarding key aspects of studies investigating cactus evolution. Specifically, we summarize the advances in the following aspects: molecular markers, species delimitation, phylogenetics, hybridization, biogeography, and genome assemblies. In brief, we observed substantial growth in the studies conducted with molecular markers in the past two decades. However, we found biases in taxonomic/geographic sampling and the use of traditional markers and statistical approaches. We discuss some methodological and social challenges for engaging the cactus community in genomic research. We also stressed the importance of integrative approaches, coalescent methods, and international collaboration to advance the understanding of cactus evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Faria Franco
- Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciências Humanas e Biológicas, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Sorocaba 18052-780, Brazil; (F.F.F.); (D.T.A.); (M.R.-B.); (M.C.T.)
| | - Danilo Trabuco Amaral
- Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciências Humanas e Biológicas, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Sorocaba 18052-780, Brazil; (F.F.F.); (D.T.A.); (M.R.-B.); (M.C.T.)
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Comparada, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, Brazil
| | - Isabel A. S. Bonatelli
- Departamento de Ecologia e Biologia Evolutiva, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Diadema, São Paulo 04021-001, Brazil;
| | - Monique Romeiro-Brito
- Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciências Humanas e Biológicas, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Sorocaba 18052-780, Brazil; (F.F.F.); (D.T.A.); (M.R.-B.); (M.C.T.)
| | - Milena Cardoso Telhe
- Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciências Humanas e Biológicas, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Sorocaba 18052-780, Brazil; (F.F.F.); (D.T.A.); (M.R.-B.); (M.C.T.)
| | - Evandro Marsola Moraes
- Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciências Humanas e Biológicas, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Sorocaba 18052-780, Brazil; (F.F.F.); (D.T.A.); (M.R.-B.); (M.C.T.)
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Fraga DA, Carvalho AFD, Ribeiro CJB, Santana RS, Machado MC, Lacorte GA. Establishing population boundaries and conservation proposals for Coleocephalocereus purpureus, a critically endangered cactus species microendemic from Caatinga biome. J Nat Conserv 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2020.125823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Fava WS, Gomes VGN, Lorenz AP, Paggi GM. Cross-amplification of microsatellite loci in the cacti species from Brazilian Chaco. Mol Biol Rep 2019; 47:1535-1542. [PMID: 31848917 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-019-05064-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Cactaceae species are an important component of the Brazilian Chaco landscape. Sixteen species are reported to this region, including 13 genera representing three Cactaceae subfamilies. All these species are native and have been locally threatened by the advance of the deforestation, which can negatively impact their genetic diversity. In order to test genetic markers that can potentially be used to screen the population diversity of these species, we checked the cross-amplification performance of 27 nuclear and 23 plastid microsatellite loci in all 16 cacti species from Brazilian Chaco. We tested the cross-amplification of the 50 microsatellite (SSR) loci in one specimen of each cacti species and considered it successful when at least one band of the expected size was generated. Thirteen species (81%) had at least 18 nuclear microsatellite loci amplified, while seven species (43%) had at least 11 chloroplast microsatellite loci amplified. We also reviewed current knowledge of SSR studies with Cactaceae in 50 studies available in the Web of Science®, and found that only five cacti species that occur in the Brazilian Chaco have representatives of the same genus with described SSR loci. The high cross-amplification rates indicated that these microsatellites markers can be helpful for future population genetic studies with cacti species from the Brazilian Chaco. Since their diversity levels and gene flow patterns are still poorly known, analyses with universal and transferable markers provide important tools to guide conservation efforts on this highly neglected region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wellington Santos Fava
- Laboratory of Genetics, Campus of Pantanal, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Corumbá, Mato Grosso do Sul, 79304-902, Brazil. .,Laboratory of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Biosciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, 79070-900, Brazil.
| | - Vanessa G Nóbrega Gomes
- Ecology and Conservation Graduate Program, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, 79070-900, Brazil.,National Institute of the Semiarid (INSA), Avenida Francisco Lopes de Almeida, S/N, Serrotão, Campina Grande, Paraíba, 58434-700, Brazil
| | - Aline Pedroso Lorenz
- Laboratory of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Biosciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Gecele Matos Paggi
- Laboratory of Genetics, Campus of Pantanal, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Corumbá, Mato Grosso do Sul, 79304-902, Brazil.,Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Food and Nutrition, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, 79070-900, Brazil
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Weak population structure and no genetic erosion in Pilosocereus aureispinus: A microendemic and threatened cactus species from eastern Brazil. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0195475. [PMID: 29630653 PMCID: PMC5890996 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0195475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Succulent cacti (Cactaceae) are among the most threatened taxonomic groups assessed to date. Here we evaluated the genetic diversity and population structure of a narrow endemic columnar cactus Pilosocereus aureispinus. This species is only found in a small area of c. 300 km2 of rocky savanna from eastern Brazil and it is currently classified as vulnerable (VU) on the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) red list. Eight microsatellite loci were genotyped for 91 individuals from four localities of the known P. aureispinus range. In contrast with expectations for narrow endemic species, we found relatively high levels of genetic diversity (e.g., HE = 0.390 to 0.525; HO = 0.394 to 0.572) and very low population structure based on the variation of six loci. All the analyzed individuals were clustered in one unique genetic group in assignment tests. We also generated the sequences of two plastid markers (trnT-trnL and psbD-trnT) and found no variation on a subsample of 39 individuals. We used Landsat 8 images and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index to estimate a potential extent of occurrence of c. 750 km2 for this species. Our results showed that P. aureispinus is not suffering from erosion of nuclear genetic variability due to its narrow distribution. However, we advocate that because of the extremely limited extent of occurrence, the ongoing anthropogenic disturbances in its habitat, and phylogenetic distinctiveness of P. aureispinus, this species should be classified as endangered (EN) on the IUCN Red List.
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Khan G, Godoy MO, Franco FF, Perez MF, Taylor NP, Zappi DC, Machado MC, Moraes EM. Extreme population subdivision or cryptic speciation in the cactus Pilosocereus jauruensis? A taxonomic challenge posed by a naturally fragmented system. SYST BIODIVERS 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/14772000.2017.1359215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gulzar Khan
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia João Leme dos Santos km 110, 18052780 Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana O. Godoy
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia João Leme dos Santos km 110, 18052780 Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernando F. Franco
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia João Leme dos Santos km 110, 18052780 Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Manolo F. Perez
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia João Leme dos Santos km 110, 18052780 Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nigel P. Taylor
- Singapore Botanic Gardens, 1 Cluny Road, Singapore 259569, Singapore
| | - Daniela C. Zappi
- Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Av. Perimetral, 1901, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Marlon C. Machado
- Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Rodovia BR 116, km 03, 44031-460 Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Evandro M. Moraes
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia João Leme dos Santos km 110, 18052780 Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil
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Fernandes VNDA, das Neves AF, Martin PG, Mangolin CA, Machado MDFP. Genetic structure and molecular divergence among samples of mandacaru (Cereus spp.; Cactaceae) as revealed by microsatellite markers. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2015.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Bonatelli IAS, Perez MF, Peterson AT, Taylor NP, Zappi DC, Machado MC, Koch I, Pires AHC, Moraes EM. Interglacial microrefugia and diversification of a cactus species complex: phylogeography and palaeodistributional reconstructions forPilosocereus aurisetusand allies. Mol Ecol 2014; 23:3044-63. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.12780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2013] [Revised: 04/21/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Isabel A. S. Bonatelli
- Departamento de Biologia; Universidade Federal de São Carlos; Rodovia João Leme dos Santos km 110 18052780 Sorocaba São Paulo Brazil
| | - Manolo F. Perez
- Departamento de Biologia; Universidade Federal de São Carlos; Rodovia João Leme dos Santos km 110 18052780 Sorocaba São Paulo Brazil
| | | | - Nigel P. Taylor
- National Parks Board; Singapore Botanic Gardens; 1 Cluny Road Singapore 259569 Singapore
- Royal Botanic Gardens; Kew Richmond Surrey TW9 3AB UK
| | - Daniela C. Zappi
- Royal Botanic Gardens; Kew Richmond Surrey TW9 3AB UK
- Gardens by the Bay; 18 Marina Gardens Drive Singapore Singapore
| | - Marlon C. Machado
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas; Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana; Rodovia BR 116 km 03 44031-460 Feira de Santana Bahia Brazil
| | - Ingrid Koch
- Departamento de Biologia; Universidade Federal de São Carlos; Rodovia João Leme dos Santos km 110 18052780 Sorocaba São Paulo Brazil
| | - Adriana H. C. Pires
- Departamento de Biologia; Universidade Federal de São Carlos; Rodovia João Leme dos Santos km 110 18052780 Sorocaba São Paulo Brazil
| | - Evandro M. Moraes
- Departamento de Biologia; Universidade Federal de São Carlos; Rodovia João Leme dos Santos km 110 18052780 Sorocaba São Paulo Brazil
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