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Juriaans AF, Kerkhof GF, Garrelfs M, Trueba-Timmermans D, Hokken-Koelega ACS. Schaaf-Yang Syndrome: Clinical Phenotype and Effects of 4 years of Growth Hormone Treatment. Horm Res Paediatr 2023; 97:148-156. [PMID: 37343528 DOI: 10.1159/000531629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Schaaf-Yang syndrome (SYS) is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder caused by truncating mutations of the MAGEL2 gene, located in the Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) region. PWS and SYS have phenotypic overlap. Patients with SYS are often treated with growth hormone (GH), but evidence for the effectiveness of the treatment in patients with SYS is limited. METHODS This study describes 7 children with SYS. We studied their phenotype, genotype, and the effect of GH treatment on height and body mass index (BMI) during 4 years and on body composition during 1 year. RESULTS All patients had a normal birth weight. Most patients had hypotonia and feeding difficulties after birth (86%). Full-scale IQ ranged from <50 to 92. All patients above the age of 2 years had psycho-behavioral problems. There were no apparent correlations between the phenotype and the location of the defect in the MAGEL2 gene. Mean (95% CI) height SDS increased significantly from -1.74 (-3.55; 0.07) at start to -0.05 (-1.87; 1.77) after 4 years of GH treatment. Mean (95% CI) BMI SDS decreased significantly from 2.01 (1.02; 3.00) to 1.22 (0.18; 2.26) after 6 months and remained the same during the rest of the follow-up. Fat mass percentage SDS decreased and lean body mass did not change during 1 year of treatment in 3 patients. CONCLUSION Patients presented with a phenotype of hypotonia, respiratory insufficiency, and feeding difficulties after birth, endocrine disorders, intellectual disability, and behavioral problems. Treatment with GH significantly improved height SDS and BMI over the course of 4 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia F Juriaans
- Dutch Reference Center for Prader-Willi Syndrome/Prader-Willi-like, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Subdivision of Endocrinology, Erasmus University Medical Center-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Dutch Growth Research Foundation, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gerthe F Kerkhof
- Dutch Reference Center for Prader-Willi Syndrome/Prader-Willi-like, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Subdivision of Endocrinology, Erasmus University Medical Center-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mark Garrelfs
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Demi Trueba-Timmermans
- Dutch Reference Center for Prader-Willi Syndrome/Prader-Willi-like, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Subdivision of Endocrinology, Erasmus University Medical Center-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Dutch Growth Research Foundation, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anita C S Hokken-Koelega
- Dutch Reference Center for Prader-Willi Syndrome/Prader-Willi-like, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Subdivision of Endocrinology, Erasmus University Medical Center-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Dutch Growth Research Foundation, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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2
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Castilla-Vallmanya L, Centeno-Pla M, Serrano M, Franco-Valls H, Martínez-Cabrera R, Prat-Planas A, Rojano E, Ranea JAG, Seoane P, Oliva C, Paredes-Fuentes AJ, Marfany G, Artuch R, Grinberg D, Rabionet R, Balcells S, Urreizti R. Advancing in Schaaf-Yang syndrome pathophysiology: from bedside to subcellular analyses of truncated MAGEL2. J Med Genet 2023; 60:406-415. [PMID: 36243518 PMCID: PMC10086475 DOI: 10.1136/jmg-2022-108690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schaaf-Yang syndrome (SYS) is caused by truncating mutations in MAGEL2, mapping to the Prader-Willi region (15q11-q13), with an observed phenotype partially overlapping that of Prader-Willi syndrome. MAGEL2 plays a role in retrograde transport and protein recycling regulation. Our aim is to contribute to the characterisation of SYS pathophysiology at clinical, genetic and molecular levels. METHODS We performed an extensive phenotypic and mutational revision of previously reported patients with SYS. We analysed the secretion levels of amyloid-β 1-40 peptide (Aβ1-40) and performed targeted metabolomic and transcriptomic profiles in fibroblasts of patients with SYS (n=7) compared with controls (n=11). We also transfected cell lines with vectors encoding wild-type (WT) or mutated MAGEL2 to assess stability and subcellular localisation of the truncated protein. RESULTS Functional studies show significantly decreased levels of secreted Aβ1-40 and intracellular glutamine in SYS fibroblasts compared with WT. We also identified 132 differentially expressed genes, including non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) such as HOTAIR, and many of them related to developmental processes and mitotic mechanisms. The truncated form of MAGEL2 displayed a stability similar to the WT but it was significantly switched to the nucleus, compared with a mainly cytoplasmic distribution of the WT MAGEL2. Based on the updated knowledge, we offer guidelines for the clinical management of patients with SYS. CONCLUSION A truncated MAGEL2 protein is stable and localises mainly in the nucleus, where it might exert a pathogenic neomorphic effect. Aβ1-40 secretion levels and HOTAIR mRNA levels might be promising biomarkers for SYS. Our findings may improve SYS understanding and clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Castilla-Vallmanya
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, IBUB, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Espluques de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instiuto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mónica Centeno-Pla
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, IBUB, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Espluques de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mercedes Serrano
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Espluques de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instiuto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Neurology Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Héctor Franco-Valls
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, IBUB, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raúl Martínez-Cabrera
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, IBUB, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aina Prat-Planas
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, IBUB, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Espluques de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instiuto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Rojano
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry; Institute of Biomedical Research in Málaga (IBIMA), University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Juan A G Ranea
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instiuto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry; Institute of Biomedical Research in Málaga (IBIMA), University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Pedro Seoane
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instiuto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry; Institute of Biomedical Research in Málaga (IBIMA), University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Clara Oliva
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Espluques de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Abraham J Paredes-Fuentes
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Espluques de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Marfany
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, IBUB, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Espluques de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instiuto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Artuch
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Espluques de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instiuto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Grinberg
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, IBUB, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Espluques de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instiuto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Rabionet
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, IBUB, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Espluques de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instiuto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Susanna Balcells
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, IBUB, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Espluques de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instiuto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Roser Urreizti
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Espluques de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instiuto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
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3
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Bertoni A, Schaller F, Tyzio R, Gaillard S, Santini F, Xolin M, Diabira D, Vaidyanathan R, Matarazzo V, Medina I, Hammock E, Zhang J, Chini B, Gaiarsa JL, Muscatelli F. Oxytocin administration in neonates shapes hippocampal circuitry and restores social behavior in a mouse model of autism. Mol Psychiatry 2021; 26:7582-7595. [PMID: 34290367 PMCID: PMC8872977 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-021-01227-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Oxytocin is an important regulator of the social brain. In some animal models of autism, notably in Magel2tm1.1Mus-deficient mice, peripheral administration of oxytocin in infancy improves social behaviors until adulthood. However, neither the mechanisms responsible for social deficits nor the mechanisms by which such oxytocin administration has long-term effects are known. Here, we aimed to clarify these oxytocin-dependent mechanisms, focusing on social memory performance. Using in situ hybridization (RNAscope), we have established that Magel2 and oxytocin receptor are co-expressed in the dentate gyrus and CA2/CA3 hippocampal regions involved in the circuitry underlying social memory. Then, we have shown that Magel2tm1.1Mus-deficient mice, evaluated in a three-chamber test, present a deficit in social memory. Next, in hippocampus, we conducted neuroanatomical and functional studies using immunostaining, oxytocin-binding experiments, ex vivo electrophysiological recordings, calcium imaging and biochemical studies. We demonstrated: an increase of the GABAergic activity of CA3-pyramidal cells associated with an increase in the quantity of oxytocin receptors and of somatostatin interneurons in both DG and CA2/CA3 regions. We also revealed a delay in the GABAergic development sequence in Magel2tm1.1Mus-deficient pups, linked to phosphorylation modifications of KCC2. Above all, we demonstrated the positive effects of subcutaneous administration of oxytocin in the mutant neonates, restoring hippocampal alterations and social memory at adulthood. Although clinical trials are debated, this study highlights the mechanisms by which peripheral oxytocin administration in neonates impacts the brain and demonstrates the therapeutic value of oxytocin to treat infants with autism spectrum disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Bertoni
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR 1249, Institut de Neurobiologie de la Méditerranée (INMED), Institut Marseille Maladies Rares (MarMaRa), Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Fabienne Schaller
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR 1249, Institut de Neurobiologie de la Méditerranée (INMED), Institut Marseille Maladies Rares (MarMaRa), Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Roman Tyzio
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR 1249, Institut de Neurobiologie de la Méditerranée (INMED), Institut Marseille Maladies Rares (MarMaRa), Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | | | - Francesca Santini
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council (CNR), Vedano al Lambro, Italy. Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Marion Xolin
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR 1249, Institut de Neurobiologie de la Méditerranée (INMED), Institut Marseille Maladies Rares (MarMaRa), Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Diabé Diabira
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR 1249, Institut de Neurobiologie de la Méditerranée (INMED), Institut Marseille Maladies Rares (MarMaRa), Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | | | - Valery Matarazzo
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR 1249, Institut de Neurobiologie de la Méditerranée (INMED), Institut Marseille Maladies Rares (MarMaRa), Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Igor Medina
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR 1249, Institut de Neurobiologie de la Méditerranée (INMED), Institut Marseille Maladies Rares (MarMaRa), Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | | | - Jinwei Zhang
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine and Health, Hatherly Laboratories, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Bice Chini
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council (CNR), Vedano al Lambro, Italy. NeuroMI Center for Neuroscience, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Jean-Luc Gaiarsa
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR 1249, Institut de Neurobiologie de la Méditerranée (INMED), Institut Marseille Maladies Rares (MarMaRa), Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Françoise Muscatelli
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR 1249, Institut de Neurobiologie de la Méditerranée (INMED), Institut Marseille Maladies Rares (MarMaRa), Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France.
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4
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Bosque Ortiz GM, Santana GM, Dietrich MO. Deficiency of the paternally inherited gene Magel2 alters the development of separation-induced vocalization and maternal behavior in mice. GENES, BRAIN, AND BEHAVIOR 2021; 21:e12776. [PMID: 34812568 PMCID: PMC9744533 DOI: 10.1111/gbb.12776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The behavior of offspring results from the combined expression of maternal and paternal genes. Genomic imprinting silences some genes in a parent-of-origin specific manner, a process that, among all animals, occurs only in mammals. How genomic imprinting affects the behavior of mammalian offspring, however, remains poorly understood. Here, we studied how the loss of the paternally inherited gene Magel2 in mouse pups affects the emission of separation-induced ultrasonic vocalizations (USV). Using quantitative analysis of more than 1000 USVs, we characterized the rate of vocalizations as well as their spectral features from postnatal days 6-12 (P6-P12), a critical phase of mouse development that covers the peak of vocal behavior in pups. Our analyses show that Magel2 deficient offspring emit separation-induced vocalizations at lower rates and with altered spectral features mainly at P8. We also show that dams display altered behavior towards their own Magel2 deficient offspring at this age. In a test to compare the retrieval of two pups, dams retrieve wildtype control pups first and faster than Magel2 deficient offspring. These results suggest that the loss of Magel2 impairs the expression of separation-induced vocalization in pups as well as maternal behavior at a specific age of postnatal development, both of which support the pups' growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela M. Bosque Ortiz
- Laboratory of Physiology of Behavior, Department of Comparative MedicineYale School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA,Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Biological and Biomedical Sciences Program, Graduate School in Arts and SciencesYale UniversityNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Gustavo M. Santana
- Laboratory of Physiology of Behavior, Department of Comparative MedicineYale School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA,Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Biological and Biomedical Sciences Program, Graduate School in Arts and SciencesYale UniversityNew HavenConnecticutUSA,Graduate Program in Biological Sciences‐BiochemistryFederal University of Rio Grande do SulPorto AlegreBrazil
| | - Marcelo O. Dietrich
- Laboratory of Physiology of Behavior, Department of Comparative MedicineYale School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA,Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Biological and Biomedical Sciences Program, Graduate School in Arts and SciencesYale UniversityNew HavenConnecticutUSA,Yale Center for Molecular and Systems MetabolismYale School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA,Department of NeuroscienceYale School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
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5
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Duan Y, Liu L, Zhang X, Jiang X, Xu J, Guan Q. Phenotypic spectrum and mechanism analysis of Schaff Yang syndrome: A case report on new mutation of MAGEL2 gene. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e26309. [PMID: 34128869 PMCID: PMC8213290 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000026309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE The Schaaf-Yang syndrome (SYS) is an autosomal dominant multi-system genetic disease caused by melanoma antigen L2 (MAGEL2) gene mutations imprinted by mothers and expressed by fathers on the 15q11-15q13 chromosomes in the critical region of Prader-Willi. MAGEL2 is a single exon gene and one of the protein-coding genes of the Prader-Willi domain. MAGEL2 is a matrilineal imprinted gene (i.e., the maternal chromosome is methylated). It is only expressed by unmethylated paternal alleles, and the individual is affected only when the variation occurs on the paternal allele. PATIENT CONCERNS We reported a patient with MAGEL2 gene new site mutation who had mild intellectual disability, social fear, small hands and feet, obesity issues, dyskinesia, growth retardation, language lag and sexual development disorder. DIAGNOSIS Whole-exome sequencing showed a heterozygous variation in the MAGEL2 gene, NM_019066.4:c.1687C > T (p.Q563X) and diagnosed as Schaaf-Yang syndrome. INTERVENTIONS Patient was advised to reduce weight, control blood lipids, blood glucose through appropriate strengthening of exercise and diet control in the future. At the same time, the family members were advised to provide mental training to the patient to strengthen the contact and communication with the outside world and improve the autistic symptoms. Because of the patient's bilateral cryptorchidism, it is recommended that the patient should be treated with bilateral cryptorchidism reduction fixation. OUTCOMES After a follow-up of the patient for 2 months, the patient is still walking unsteadily and requires an auxiliary reference material to walk normally. There is no significant change in height compared to before, and the weight has dropped by about 2 kg in the past 2 months. The symptoms of autism have improved slightly. The patient is willing to communicate with outsiders; his intelligence has not improved significantly, and his academic performance in school is still at the middle and lower levels. LESSONS The pathogenesis of SYS is complex, involving multiple pathways such as Leptin-POMC, MAGEL2-USP7-TRIM27 complex and oxytocin. Our study has also found that certain fatal phenotypes such as respiratory distress have a high incidence at individual sites, and early detection and timely intervention may prolong the life span of patients. Therefore, for patients in whom SYS is highly suspected, gene detection should be carried out as soon as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjie Duan
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism
| | - Lu Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism
| | - Xiujuan Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiuyun Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jin Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qingbo Guan
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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6
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Hebach NR, Caro P, Martin-Giacalone BA, Lupo PJ, Marbach F, Choukair D, Schaaf CP. A retrospective analysis of growth hormone therapy in children with Schaaf-Yang syndrome. Clin Genet 2021; 100:298-307. [PMID: 34013972 DOI: 10.1111/cge.14000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Short stature is a common phenotype in children with Schaaf-Yang syndrome (SYS). Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) and SYS share several phenotypic features including short stature, muscular hypotonia and developmental delay/intellectual disability. Evidence exists that similar to PWS, growth hormone (GH) deficiency may also be a feature of SYS. Recombinant human GH (rhGH) therapy has been approved for PWS, but the effects of rhGH therapy in individuals with SYS have not yet been documented. This retrospective, questionnaire-based study analyzes the prevalence of rhGH therapy in children with SYS, the effects of rhGH therapy on anthropometric measures, and parental perception of the treatment. Twenty-six individuals with SYS were sent a clinical questionnaire and a request for growth charts. We found a significant increase in height z-score (p* = 0.04) as well as a significant decrease in body mass index 6 months after rhGH therapy initiation (p* = 0.04). Furthermore, height z-scores of the treated group (mean z-score = -1.00) were significantly higher than those of the untreated group (mean z-score = -3.36, p = 0.01) at time of enrollment. All parents reported an increase in muscle strength and endurance, and several families noted beneficial effects such as improved cognition and motor development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils R Hebach
- Institute of Human Genetics, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Pilar Caro
- Institute of Human Genetics, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bailey A Martin-Giacalone
- Department of Pediatrics Section of Hematology-Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Philip J Lupo
- Department of Pediatrics Section of Hematology-Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Felix Marbach
- Institute of Human Genetics, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daniela Choukair
- Divison of Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, University Children's Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian Patrick Schaaf
- Institute of Human Genetics, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
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7
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Patak J, Gilfert J, Byler M, Neerukonda V, Thiffault I, Cross L, Amudhavalli S, Pacio-Miguez M, Palomares-Bralo M, Garcia-Minaur S, Santos-Simarro F, Powis Z, Alcaraz W, Tang S, Jurgens J, Barry B, England E, Engle E, Hess J, Lebel RR. MAGEL2-related disorders: A study and case series. Clin Genet 2019; 96:493-505. [PMID: 31397880 DOI: 10.1111/cge.13620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Revised: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Pathogenic MAGEL2 variants result in the phenotypes of Chitayat-Hall syndrome (CHS), Schaaf-Yang syndrome (SYS) and Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS). We present five patients with mutations in MAGEL2, including the first patient reported with a missense variant, adding to the limited literature. Further, we performed a systematic review of the CHS and SYS literature, assess the overlap between CHS, SYS and PWS, and analyze genotype-phenotype correlations among them. We conclude that there is neither a clinical nor etiological difference between CHS and SYS, and propose that the two syndromes simply be referred to as MAGEL2-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jameson Patak
- Division of Development, Behavior and Genetics, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York.,Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York.,MD Program, College of Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York
| | - James Gilfert
- Division of Development, Behavior and Genetics, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York
| | - Melissa Byler
- Division of Development, Behavior and Genetics, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York
| | - Vamsee Neerukonda
- Division of Development, Behavior and Genetics, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York
| | - Isabelle Thiffault
- Center for Pediatric Genomic Medicine, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri.,Department of Pathology & Genetics, Children's Mercy Hospitals, Kansas City, Missouri.,Kansas City School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Laura Cross
- Department of Pathology & Genetics, Children's Mercy Hospitals, Kansas City, Missouri.,Kansas City School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Shivarajan Amudhavalli
- Department of Pathology & Genetics, Children's Mercy Hospitals, Kansas City, Missouri.,Kansas City School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Marta Pacio-Miguez
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), Hospital Universitario La Paz, IdiPaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Palomares-Bralo
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), Hospital Universitario La Paz, IdiPaz, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos II (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sixto Garcia-Minaur
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), Hospital Universitario La Paz, IdiPaz, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos II (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Santos-Simarro
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), Hospital Universitario La Paz, IdiPaz, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos II (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Zoe Powis
- Ambry Genetics Corporation, Aliso Viejo, California
| | | | - Sha Tang
- Ambry Genetics Corporation, Aliso Viejo, California
| | - Julie Jurgens
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,FM Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland
| | - Brenda Barry
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,FM Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland
| | - Eleina England
- Center for Mendelian Genomics and Medical and Population Genetics Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Elizabeth Engle
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,FM Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland.,Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jonathon Hess
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York
| | - Robert R Lebel
- Division of Development, Behavior and Genetics, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York
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