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Marom Haham L, Aizer A, Arad A, Haas J, Lebovitz O, Zilberberg E, Nahum R, Orvieto R. The outcomes of blastocyst versus cleavage stage embryo biopsy for preimplantation genetic testing for monogenic diseases. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2025; 16:1518760. [PMID: 40248147 PMCID: PMC12003119 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2025.1518760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2025] [Indexed: 04/19/2025] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the application of blastocyst biopsy in PGT has been gradually rising, mainly due to the assumed detrimental effect of blastomere biopsy on the embryo implantation potential and the widespread application of PGT for aneuploidy. In contrast to complete chromosomal testing (CCT) cycles, for which trophectoderm (TE) biopsy has become the well-established preferred method due to higher diagnostic reliability, evidences for the purpose of PGT-M are still lacking. Therefore, we conducted a retrospective cohort study including 147 PGT-M cycles with at least eight high quality embryos (HQE) suitable for biopsy at the cleavage stage, 83 and 64 in the blastocyst and cleavage stage biopsy groups, respectively. Our results showed no significant differences in implantation rates (32.8% vs. 33.6%, p=0.9), clinical pregnancy rates (CPR) per transfer (30.3% vs. 33.0%, p=0.7), as well as cumulative CPR (46.2% vs. 38.3%, p=0.4). This study is the largest so far, demonstrating that blastocyst biopsy has higher cost-effectiveness over cleavage stage biopsy in good prognosis patient population. Moreover, our data is the first to show that blastomere biopsy does not compromise the reproductive outcomes, which merits further investigation regarding its cost-effectiveness in the poor prognosis patient population, having a small number of embryos for biopsy and transfer. Further large prospective randomized studies are needed to elucidate the preferred biopsy strategy in specific patient populations in order to provide a tailored treatment that will ensure the best prognosis for each patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilach Marom Haham
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Adva Aizer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Almog Arad
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Jigal Haas
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Oshrit Lebovitz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Eran Zilberberg
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Ravit Nahum
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Raoul Orvieto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- The Tarnesby-Tarnowski Chair for Family Planning and Fertility Regulation, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Claffey A, Ngo A, McIntire D, Doody K, Doody K. Unveiling clinic variation in utilization of ICSI, PGT, and blastocyst transfer: a comprehensive study using the SART database (2014-2020). J Assist Reprod Genet 2025; 42:799-807. [PMID: 39910000 PMCID: PMC11950454 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-025-03413-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2025] [Indexed: 02/07/2025] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Many national recommendations have been made regarding practice patterns of assisted reproductive technology utilization (intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), preimplantation genetic testing (PGT), and blastocyst stage embryo transfer). This study seeks to assess individual clinic changes in practice behaviors from 2014 to 2020 in response to national guidelines. METHODS This retrospective cohort study examined data from individual clinics using the Society of Assisted Reproductive Technology Clinical Outcome Reporting System (SART-CORS) database. Each clinic was weighed individually and equally regardless of clinic volume to avoid skewing national data with larger-volume clinics. The trends of ICSI, PGT, and blastocyst stage embryo transfer were examined across five age groups (< 35, 35-37, 38-40, 40-42, and > 42). RESULTS ICSI usage from 2014 to 2020 increased in all age groups (p < 0.001). In 2020, more than half the clinics in this study utilized ICSI in ≥ 90% of IVF cycles (per oocyte retrieval). Utilization of prolonged embryo culture increased in all age groups across the seven years of this study, with a more extensive adoption of this practice in patients ≤ 40 years (p < 0.001). Between 2014 and 2020, PGT usage increased by 3-4 times across all age groups (p < 0.001). By 2020, PGT was performed after egg retrievals in approximately 40 to 50% (mean) of patients < 42 years old. CONCLUSIONS Nationally, the application of all three reproductive technologies (ICSI, PGT, and blastocyst stage transfer) has drastically increased. The authors suspect that these technology expansions are interrelated and may be associated with the rise of rates of PGT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Claffey
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.
| | - Anh Ngo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Donald McIntire
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Kathleen Doody
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
- Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Care Fertility, Bedford, TX, USA
| | - Kevin Doody
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
- Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Care Fertility, Bedford, TX, USA
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Somigliana E, Barbara G, Micci LG, Di Stefano G, Paffoni A, Vigano P. ICSI for non-male infertility: from ineffectiveness to gender bias? Reprod Biomed Online 2025; 50:104706. [PMID: 39955215 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2024.104706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2024] [Revised: 10/15/2024] [Accepted: 11/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2025]
Abstract
Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is currently being abused as it is also frequently employed in the absence of a frank male cause of infertility. There is growing and robust evidence showing that the use of ICSI should be limited to couples with male infertility. For all other causes of infertility, the procedure does not increase the chance of live birth, may increase malformations in newborns and requires more resources than conventional IVF. In addition, the use of ICSI may impact the sex ratio at birth, favouring female infants. Even if this effect may not be targeted as a gender biased procedure, it should be seen as a wake-up and warning call. It reminds us that ICSI is a 'non-natural' invasive technique that circumvents natural sperm selection mechanisms. Overall, a policy of indiscriminate use of ICSI is not justified and a plea is made for a return to a higher use of conventional IVF. Fear about failed fertilization or the use of preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidies may represent barriers to the need to lower ICSI use and should be overcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgardo Somigliana
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.; Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, ART Unit, Milan, Italy..
| | - Giussy Barbara
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.; Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, ART Unit, Milan, Italy
| | - Laila G Micci
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, ART Unit, Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgia Di Stefano
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, ART Unit, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Paola Vigano
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, ART Unit, Milan, Italy
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Poulton A, Menezes M, Hardy T, Lewis S, Hui L. Clinical outcomes following preimplantation genetic testing for monogenic conditions: a systematic review of observational studies. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2025; 232:150-163. [PMID: 39362513 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2024.09.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2024] [Revised: 09/13/2024] [Accepted: 09/27/2024] [Indexed: 10/05/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to report a summary of clinical outcomes following preimplantation genetic testing for monogenic conditions, by performing a systematic review of published literature on clinical pregnancy and live birth rates following preimplantation genetic testing due to a monogenic indication. Additionally, we aimed to undertake a subgroup analysis of clinical outcomes of concurrent monogenic and aneuploidy screening. DATA SOURCES Three electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PubMed) were searched from inception to May 2024. STUDY ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA Quantitative data audits, observational studies, and case series reporting clinical outcomes for individuals undergoing preimplantation genetic testing for a monogenic indication were included. Only studies using blastocyst biopsies with polymerase chain reaction-based or genome-wide haplotyping methods for molecular analysis were eligible to reflect current laboratory practice. METHODS Quality assessment was performed following data extraction using an adaptation of the Joanna Briggs critical appraisal tool for case series. Results were extracted, and pooled mean clinical pregnancy rates and birth rates were calculated with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). We compared outcomes between those with and without concurrent preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy. RESULTS Our search identified 1372 publications; 51 were eligible for inclusion. Pooled data on 5305 cycles and 5229 embryo transfers yielded 1806 clinical pregnancies and 1577 births. This translated to clinical pregnancy and birth rates of 34.0% [95% CI: 32.8%-35.3%] and 29.7% [95% CI: 28.5%-31.0%] per cycle and 24.8% [95% CI: 23.6%-26.0%] and 21.7% [95% CI: 20.8%-23.1%] per embryo transfer. In studies with concurrent aneuploidy screening, clinical pregnancy and birth rates were 43.3% [95% CI: 40.2%-46.5%] and 37.6% [95% CI: 34.6%-40.8%] per cycle and 37.0% [95% CI: 33.9%-40.3%] and 31.8% [95% CI: 28.8%-35.0%] per embryo transfer. Studies without aneuploidy screening reported clinical pregnancy and birth rates of 32.5% [95% CI: 31.0%-34.1%] and 28.1% [95% CI: 26.6%-29.7%] per cycle and 21.2% [95% CI: 19.8%-22.6%] and 18.6% [95% CI: 17.3%-20.0%] per embryo transfer. CONCLUSION This systematic review reveals promising clinical outcome figures for this indication group. Additionally, synthesizing the published scientific literature on clinical outcomes from preimplantation genetic testing for monogenic conditions provides a rigorous, noncommercial evidence base for counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Poulton
- Genetics, Monash IVF Group Ltd, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Newborn health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Reproductive Epidemiology, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
| | - Melody Menezes
- Genetics, Monash IVF Group Ltd, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Victorian Clinical Genetics Service, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Tristan Hardy
- Genetics, Monash IVF Group Ltd, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Sharon Lewis
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Reproductive Epidemiology, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Lisa Hui
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Newborn health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Reproductive Epidemiology, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Mercy Perinatal, Mercy Hospital for Women, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia; The Northern Hospital, Epping, VIC, Australia
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Wen X, Li Z, Cheng L, Huo J, Yu W, Ou Z, Liu N, Li J, Fang X, Lin X. Feasibility of preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy on frozen-thawed embryos following conventional IVF insemination. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1441014. [PMID: 39411311 PMCID: PMC11473338 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1441014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 10/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is commonly employed in preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) to minimize the risk of foreign sperm DNA contamination. Cryopreserved embryos from patients with recurrent miscarriage or repeated implantation failure, who have undergone conventional in vitro fertilization (IVF), can be thawed and biopsied for PGT. Therefore, we aimed to assess the accuracy and effectiveness of preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A) on frozen embryos using conventional IVF (c-IVF) insemination methods. Methods From January 2021 to November 2023, our center conducted 107 thawed cryopreserved embryo biopsy cycles to screen for PGT-A. Among them, 58 cycles used c-IVF insemination, and 49 used ICSI insemination. Basic patient clinical information, laboratory data, PGT test results, and clinical outcome data were collected. To minimize the confounding effects of patient characteristics and embryo quality on PGT-A outcomes, clinical outcomes, and contamination assessment, these variables were included in the analysis. We then evaluated the blastocyst euploidy rate, clinical outcomes, and accuracy of PGT-A results between the two groups and analyzed potential contamination in the c-IVF insemination group. Results A total of 320 blastocysts underwent PGT-A testing, with 179 blastocysts from c-IVF insemination and 141 from ICSI insemination. Considering participants' baseline characteristics and embryological outcomes, no significant differences were found between the two groups regarding infertility type, average age, body mass index, percentage of PGT-A indications, or quality of embryonic development. Regarding PGT-A results, all 320 biopsy samples were successfully analyzed, showing no statistical variance in chromosomal euploidy, abnormality, or mosaicism rates between the two insemination methods. No parental contamination was detected in the c-IVF insemination group. When assessing clinical outcomes, parameters such as biochemical pregnancy, clinical pregnancy, and miscarriage rates did not exhibit significant discrepancies between the two groups, and no misdiagnoses were reported during the study period. Conclusion Embryo transfer and PGT-A results are not affected by potential parental contamination in frozen-thawed embryos conceived via c-IVF. PGT-A guided embryo transfer in thawed embryos conceived by c-IVF is a viable and clinically effective approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Wen
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Boai Hospital of Zhongshan Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Zhongshan, China
| | - Zhiming Li
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Boai Hospital of Zhongshan Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Zhongshan, China
| | - Lizi Cheng
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Boai Hospital of Zhongshan Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Zhongshan, China
| | - Junye Huo
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Boai Hospital of Zhongshan Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Zhongshan, China
| | - Wenjuan Yu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Boai Hospital of Zhongshan Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Zhongshan, China
| | - Zhanhui Ou
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Boai Hospital of Zhongshan Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Zhongshan, China
| | - Nengqing Liu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Boai Hospital of Zhongshan Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Zhongshan, China
| | - Jieliang Li
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Boai Hospital of Zhongshan Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Zhongshan, China
| | - Xiaowu Fang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Boai Hospital of Zhongshan Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Zhongshan, China
| | - Xiufeng Lin
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Boai Hospital of Zhongshan Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Zhongshan, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Lebovitz O, Noach-Hirsh M, Taieb S, Haas J, Zilberberg E, Nahum R, Orvieto R, Aizer A. Embryos derived from single pronucleus are suitable for preimplantation genetic testing. Fertil Steril 2024; 122:598-606. [PMID: 38788891 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2024.05.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study and compare the preimplantation genetic testing for monogenic disorders (PGT-M) results, and to evaluate the treatment cycle outcomes of embryos derived from a single pronucleus (1PN) vs. two pronuclei (2PN). DESIGN A retrospective cohort study from January 2018 to December 2022 involving in vitro fertilization (IVF)-PGT-M treatment cycles. SETTING Single, academically affiliated fertility center. PATIENTS A total of 244 patients underwent 351 IVF-PGT-M treatment cycles. INTERVENTION Embryo biopsy with molecular testing for a monogenic disorder. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The molecular diagnosis results and clinical outcomes after the transfer of embryos derived from 1PN and 2PN in IVF-PGT-M treatment cycles. RESULTS Embryos derived from 1PN have a significantly low developmental potential with a lower rate of embryos that underwent biopsy compared with 2PN-derived embryos; 1PN-derived embryos demonstrated a significantly lower number of blastocysts (24% vs. 37.9%) and top-quality blastocysts (22.3% vs. 48.1%) compared with 2PN-derived embryos. Lower successfully completed and unaffected PGT-M results were achieved in 1PN compared with 2PN-derived embryos (47.1% vs. 65.5% and 18.7% vs. 31.6%, respectively), with significantly higher abnormal molecular results (39.6% vs. 22.7%). The embryo transfer of 24 1PN-derived embryos with no affected genetic disorder resulted in 5 (20.8%) clinical pregnancies and 4 (16.7%) live births (LBs). CONCLUSIONS Within the limits of fewer embryos derived from 1PN that yielded unaffected embryos suitable for transfer, the clinical pregnancy and LB rate of 1PN embryos undergoing PGT-M are reassuring. We, therefore, suggest applying PGT-M to embryos derived from 1PN embryos to improve the cumulative clinical pregnancy and LB rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oshrit Lebovitz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IVF Unit, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel- Hashomer, Israel; Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - Meirav Noach-Hirsh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IVF Unit, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel- Hashomer, Israel; Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Sarah Taieb
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IVF Unit, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel- Hashomer, Israel; Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Jigal Haas
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IVF Unit, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel- Hashomer, Israel; Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Eran Zilberberg
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IVF Unit, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel- Hashomer, Israel; Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ravit Nahum
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IVF Unit, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel- Hashomer, Israel; Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Raoul Orvieto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IVF Unit, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel- Hashomer, Israel; Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; The Tarnesby-Tarnowski Chair for Family Planning and Fertility Regulation at the Tel Aviv Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Adva Aizer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IVF Unit, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel- Hashomer, Israel; Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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The use of preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy: a committee opinion. Fertil Steril 2024; 122:421-434. [PMID: 38762806 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2024.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
The use of preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A) in the United States has been increasing steadily. Moreover, the underlying technology used for 24-chromosome analysis continues to evolve rapidly. The value of PGT-A as a routine screening test for all patients undergoing in vitro fertilization has not been demonstrated. Although some earlier single-center studies reported higher live-birth rates after PGT-A in favorable-prognosis patients, recent multicenter, randomized control trials in women with available blastocysts concluded that the overall pregnancy outcomes via frozen embryo transfer were similar between PGT-A and conventional in vitro fertilization. The value of PGT-A to lower the risk of clinical miscarriage is also unclear, although these studies have important limitations. This document replaces the document of the same name, last published in 2018.
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Mapari SA, Shrivastava D, Bedi GN, Pradeep U, Gupta A, Kasat PR, Sachani P. Revolutionizing Reproduction: The Impact of Robotics and Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Assisted Reproductive Technology: A Comprehensive Review. Cureus 2024; 16:e63072. [PMID: 39055478 PMCID: PMC11272147 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.63072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Assisted reproductive technology (ART) has revolutionized the field of reproductive medicine, offering hope to millions of individuals and couples facing infertility challenges. In recent years, integrating robotics and artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a promising avenue for advancing ART. This comprehensive review explores the transformative impact of robotics and AI on ART, examining recent advancements, technological applications, clinical implications, and ethical considerations. Robotics enables precise and minimally invasive procedures, enhancing the efficiency and accuracy of various reproductive techniques such as sperm retrieval, embryo handling, and surgical interventions. Meanwhile, AI offers predictive analytics, personalized treatment protocols, and decision support systems tailored to individual patient needs, optimizing treatment outcomes and expanding access to reproductive care. Key findings highlight the significant advancements made possible by robotics and AI in ART, including improved success rates, reduced risks, and enhanced patient experience. However, challenges such as regulatory considerations, adoption barriers, and ethical dilemmas must be addressed to realize the full potential of these technologies. The transformative impact of robotics and AI on ART is profound, shaping the future of fertility treatment and family-building worldwide. Continued research, interdisciplinary collaboration, and investment are essential to further harness the potential of robotics and AI in advancing reproductive medicine and ensuring accessible, equitable, and effective care for all individuals and couples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smruti A Mapari
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Deepti Shrivastava
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Gautam N Bedi
- Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Utkarsh Pradeep
- Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Aman Gupta
- Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Paschyanti R Kasat
- Radiodiagnosis, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Pratiksha Sachani
- Radiodiagnosis, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
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Sengupta P, Dutta S, Jegasothy R, Slama P, Cho CL, Roychoudhury S. 'Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) paradox' and 'andrological ignorance': AI in the era of fourth industrial revolution to navigate the blind spots. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2024; 22:22. [PMID: 38350931 PMCID: PMC10863146 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-024-01193-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The quandary known as the Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) paradox is found at the juncture of Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) and 'andrological ignorance' - a term coined to denote the undervalued treatment and comprehension of male infertility. The prevalent use of ICSI as a solution for severe male infertility, despite its potential to propagate genetically defective sperm, consequently posing a threat to progeny health, illuminates this paradox. We posit that the meteoric rise in Industrial Revolution 4.0 (IR 4.0) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies holds the potential for a transformative shift in addressing male infertility, specifically by mitigating the limitations engendered by 'andrological ignorance.' We advocate for the urgent need to transcend andrological ignorance, envisaging AI as a cornerstone in the precise diagnosis and treatment of the root causes of male infertility. This approach also incorporates the identification of potential genetic defects in descendants, the establishment of knowledge platforms dedicated to male reproductive health, and the optimization of therapeutic outcomes. Our hypothesis suggests that the assimilation of AI could streamline ICSI implementation, leading to an overall enhancement in the realm of male fertility treatments. However, it is essential to conduct further investigations to substantiate the efficacy of AI applications in a clinical setting. This article emphasizes the significance of harnessing AI technologies to optimize patient outcomes in the fast-paced domain of reproductive medicine, thereby fostering the well-being of upcoming generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallav Sengupta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Gulf Medical University (GMU), Ajman, UAE.
| | - Sulagna Dutta
- Basic Medical Sciences Department, College of Medicine, Ajman University, Ajman, UAE
| | - Ravindran Jegasothy
- Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience and Nursing, MAHSA University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Petr Slama
- Laboratory of Animal Immunology and Biotechnology, Department of Animal Morphology, Physiology and Genetics, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Chak-Lam Cho
- S. H. Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Weizel I, Shavit T, Shuli Y, Adler Lazarovich C, Halevi R, Ben Ari T, Yaacobi-Artzi S, Bentov Y, Feldman B, Hershko Klement A. Outcomes of BRCA pre-implantation genetic testing according to the parental mutation origin: a cohort study. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2024; 22:8. [PMID: 38172815 PMCID: PMC10762833 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-023-01180-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The process of gamete formation and early embryonic development involves rapid DNA replication, chromosome segregation and cell division. These processes may be affected by mutations in the BRCA1/2 genes. The aim of this study was to evaluate BRCA mutation inheritance and its effect on early embryonic development according to the parental origin of the mutation. The study question was approached by analyzing in vitro fertilization cycles (IVF) that included pre-implantation testing (PGT-M) for a BRCA gene mutation. METHODS This retrospective cohort study compared cycles of pre-implantation genetic testing for mutations (PGT-M) between male and female patients diagnosed with BRCA 1/2 mutations (cases), to a control group of two other mutations with dominant inheritance (myotonic dystrophy (MD) and polycystic kidney disease (PKD)). Results were compared according to mutation type and through a generalized linear model analysis. RESULTS The cohort included 88 PGT-M cycles (47 BRCA and 41 non-BRCA) among 50 patients. Maternal and paternal ages at oocyte retrieval were comparable between groups. When tested per cycle, FSH dose, maximum estradiol level, oocytes retrieved, number of zygotes, and number of embryos available for biopsy and affected embryos, were not significantly different among mutation types. All together 444 embryos were biopsied: the rate of affected embryos was comparable between groups. Among BRCA patients, the proportion of affected embryos was similar between maternal and paternal mutation origin (p = 0.24). In a generalized linear model analysis, the relative oocyte yield in maternal BRCA patients was significantly lower (0.7, as related to the non BRCA group)(p < 0.001). Zygote formation and blastulation were not affected by the BRCA gene among paternal cases (P = 0.176 and P = 0.293 respectively), nor by paternal versus maternal BRCA carriage (P = 0.904 and P = 0.149, respectively). CONCLUSIONS BRCA PGT-M cycles performed similarly compared to non-BRCA cycles. Inheritance rate and cycle parameters were not affected by the parental origin of the mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilana Weizel
- The IVF Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hadassah Mount Scopus- Hebrew University Medical Center, Mt Scopus, Jerusalem, 9112001, Israel
| | - Tal Shavit
- The IVF unit, Assuta Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Yulia Shuli
- The Unit for Medical Genetics, Assuta Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Chana Adler Lazarovich
- The IVF Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hadassah Mount Scopus- Hebrew University Medical Center, Mt Scopus, Jerusalem, 9112001, Israel
| | - Rivka Halevi
- The Unit for Medical Genetics, Assuta Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Tal Ben Ari
- The IVF unit, Assuta Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | - Yaakov Bentov
- The IVF Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hadassah Mount Scopus- Hebrew University Medical Center, Mt Scopus, Jerusalem, 9112001, Israel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Baruch Feldman
- The Unit for Medical Genetics, Assuta Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Anat Hershko Klement
- The IVF Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hadassah Mount Scopus- Hebrew University Medical Center, Mt Scopus, Jerusalem, 9112001, Israel.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
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11
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Lynch C, Armstrong E, Charitou M, Gordon T, Griffin D. Investigation of the risk of paternal cell contamination in PGT and the necessity of intracytoplasmic sperm injection. HUM FERTIL 2023; 26:958-963. [PMID: 35535579 DOI: 10.1080/14647273.2022.2026498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
ICSI is widely recommended for patients undergoing preimplantation genetic testing (PGT), but are sperm a potential source of paternal cell contamination in PGT? Semen samples were obtained from five normozoospermic men consenting to research. From each sample 1, 2, 4, 8 and 10 sperm were collected in PCR tubes and whole genome amplification according to PGT-A and PGT-SR processing protocols was undertaken. None of the 25 samples submitted (a total of 125 sperm) showed evidence of DNA amplification. Thus, paternal cell contamination resulting from using conventional in vitro fertilization (IVF) as the insemination method, carries a low risk of an adverse event or misdiagnosis in PGT-A. Due to the higher risk incurred with PGT-SR, clinics may wish to exercise increased caution and continue using ICSI, while PGT-M involves different processing protocols, presenting a different risk profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colleen Lynch
- CooperSugical Fertility Solutions, London, UK
- School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK
| | | | | | - Tony Gordon
- CooperSugical Fertility Solutions, London, UK
| | - Darren Griffin
- School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK
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12
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Zhang S, Xie P, Lan F, Yao Y, Ma S, Hu L, Tan Y, Jiang B, Wan A, Zhao D, Gong F, Lu S, Lin G. Conventional IVF is feasible in preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy. J Assist Reprod Genet 2023; 40:2333-2342. [PMID: 37656381 PMCID: PMC10504148 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-023-02916-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the feasibility of the application of conventional in vitro fertilization (cIVF) for couples undergoing preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidies (PGT-A) with non-male factor infertility. METHODS To evaluate the efficiency of sperm whole-genome amplification (WGA), spermatozoa were subjected to three WGA protocols: Picoplex, ChromInst, and multiple displacement amplification (MDA). In the clinical studies, 641 couples who underwent PGT-A treatment for frozen embryos between January 2016 and December 2021 were included to retrospectively compare the chromosomal and clinical outcomes of cIVF and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Twenty-six couples were prospectively recruited for cIVF and PGT-A treatment between April 2021 and April 2022; parental contamination was analyzed in biopsied samples; and 12 aneuploid embryos were donated to validate the PGT-A results. RESULTS Sperm DNA failed to amplify under Picoplex and ChromInst conditions but could be amplified using MDA. In frozen PGT-A cycles, no significant differences in the average rates of euploid, mosaic, and aneuploid embryos per cycle between the cIVF-PGT-A and ICSI-PGT-A groups were observed. The results of the prospective study that recruited couples for cIVF-PGT-A treatment showed no paternal contamination and one case of maternal contamination in 150 biopsied trophectoderm samples. Among the 12 donated embryos with whole-chromosome aneuploidy, 11 (91.7%) presented uniform chromosomal aberrations, which were in agreement with the original biopsy results. CONCLUSIONS Under the Picoplex and ChromInst WGA protocols, the risk of parental contamination in the cIVF-PGT-A cycles was low. Therefore, applying cIVF to couples with non-male factor infertility who are undergoing PGT-A is feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuoping Zhang
- Clinical Research Center for Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province, Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, No. 567, Tongzipo West Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Pingyuan Xie
- Hospital of Hunan Guangxiu, Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, Changsha, China
- National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cells, Changsha, China
| | - Fang Lan
- Hospital of Hunan Guangxiu, Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Yaxin Yao
- Department of Clinical Research, Yikon Genomics Company, Ltd., 218 Xinghu Street, Unit 301, Building A3, BioBay, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, 215000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shujuan Ma
- Clinical Research Center for Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province, Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, No. 567, Tongzipo West Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Liang Hu
- Clinical Research Center for Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province, Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, No. 567, Tongzipo West Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cells, Changsha, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Stem Cell and Reproductive Engineering, Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yueqiu Tan
- Clinical Research Center for Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province, Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, No. 567, Tongzipo West Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cells, Changsha, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Stem Cell and Reproductive Engineering, Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bo Jiang
- National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cells, Changsha, China
| | - Anqi Wan
- Department of Clinical Research, Yikon Genomics Company, Ltd., 218 Xinghu Street, Unit 301, Building A3, BioBay, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, 215000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dunmei Zhao
- Department of Clinical Research, Yikon Genomics Company, Ltd., 218 Xinghu Street, Unit 301, Building A3, BioBay, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, 215000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fei Gong
- Clinical Research Center for Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province, Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, No. 567, Tongzipo West Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cells, Changsha, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Stem Cell and Reproductive Engineering, Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Sijia Lu
- Department of Clinical Research, Yikon Genomics Company, Ltd., 218 Xinghu Street, Unit 301, Building A3, BioBay, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, 215000, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Ge Lin
- Clinical Research Center for Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province, Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, No. 567, Tongzipo West Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
- National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cells, Changsha, China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Stem Cell and Reproductive Engineering, Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China.
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Cimadomo D, Rienzi L, Conforti A, Forman E, Canosa S, Innocenti F, Poli M, Hynes J, Gemmell L, Vaiarelli A, Alviggi C, Ubaldi FM, Capalbo A. Opening the black box: why do euploid blastocysts fail to implant? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Hum Reprod Update 2023; 29:570-633. [PMID: 37192834 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmad010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A normal chromosomal constitution defined through PGT-A assessing all chromosomes on trophectoderm (TE) biopsies represents the strongest predictor of embryo implantation. Yet, its positive predictive value is not higher than 50-60%. This gap of knowledge on the causes of euploid blastocysts' reproductive failure is known as 'the black box of implantation'. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE Several embryonic, maternal, paternal, clinical, and IVF laboratory features were scrutinized for their putative association with reproductive success or implantation failure of euploid blastocysts. SEARCH METHODS A systematic bibliographical search was conducted without temporal limits up to August 2021. The keywords were '(blastocyst OR day5 embryo OR day6 embryo OR day7 embryo) AND (euploid OR chromosomally normal OR preimplantation genetic testing) AND (implantation OR implantation failure OR miscarriage OR abortion OR live birth OR biochemical pregnancy OR recurrent implantation failure)'. Overall, 1608 items were identified and screened. We included all prospective or retrospective clinical studies and randomized-controlled-trials (RCTs) that assessed any feature associated with live-birth rates (LBR) and/or miscarriage rates (MR) among non-mosaic euploid blastocyst transfer after TE biopsy and PGT-A. In total, 41 reviews and 372 papers were selected, clustered according to a common focus, and thoroughly reviewed. The PRISMA guideline was followed, the PICO model was adopted, and ROBINS-I and ROB 2.0 scoring were used to assess putative bias. Bias across studies regarding the LBR was also assessed using visual inspection of funnel plots and the trim and fill method. Categorical data were combined with a pooled-OR. The random-effect model was used to conduct the meta-analysis. Between-study heterogeneity was addressed using I2. Whenever not suitable for the meta-analysis, the included studies were simply described for their results. The study protocol was registered at http://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/ (registration number CRD42021275329). OUTCOMES We included 372 original papers (335 retrospective studies, 30 prospective studies and 7 RCTs) and 41 reviews. However, most of the studies were retrospective, or characterized by small sample sizes, thus prone to bias, which reduces the quality of the evidence to low or very low. Reduced inner cell mass (7 studies, OR: 0.37, 95% CI: 0.27-0.52, I2 = 53%), or TE quality (9 studies, OR: 0.53, 95% CI: 0.43-0.67, I2 = 70%), overall blastocyst quality worse than Gardner's BB-grade (8 studies, OR: 0.40, 95% CI: 0.24-0.67, I2 = 83%), developmental delay (18 studies, OR: 0.56, 95% CI: 0.49-0.63, I2 = 47%), and (by qualitative analysis) some morphodynamic abnormalities pinpointed through time-lapse microscopy (abnormal cleavage patterns, spontaneous blastocyst collapse, longer time of morula formation I, time of blastulation (tB), and duration of blastulation) were all associated with poorer reproductive outcomes. Slightly lower LBR, even in the context of PGT-A, was reported among women ≥38 years (7 studies, OR: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.75-1.00, I2 = 31%), while obesity was associated with both lower LBR (2 studies, OR: 0.66, 95% CI: 0.55-0.79, I2 = 0%) and higher MR (2 studies, OR: 1.8, 95% CI: 1.08-2.99, I2 = 52%). The experience of previous repeated implantation failures (RIF) was also associated with lower LBR (3 studies, OR: 0.72, 95% CI: 0.55-0.93, I2 = 0%). By qualitative analysis, among hormonal assessments, only abnormal progesterone levels prior to transfer were associated with LBR and MR after PGT-A. Among the clinical protocols used, vitrified-warmed embryo transfer was more effective than fresh transfer (2 studies, OR: 1.56, 95% CI: 1.05-2.33, I2 = 23%) after PGT-A. Lastly, multiple vitrification-warming cycles (2 studies, OR: 0.41, 95% CI: 0.22-0.77, I2 = 50%) or (by qualitative analysis) a high number of cells biopsied may slightly reduce the LBR, while simultaneous zona-pellucida opening and TE biopsy allowed better results than the Day 3 hatching-based protocol (3 studies, OR: 1.41, 95% CI: 1.18-1.69, I2 = 0%). WIDER IMPLICATIONS Embryo selection aims at shortening the time-to-pregnancy, while minimizing the reproductive risks. Knowing which features are associated with the reproductive competence of euploid blastocysts is therefore critical to define, implement, and validate safer and more efficient clinical workflows. Future research should be directed towards: (i) systematic investigations of the mechanisms involved in reproductive aging beyond de novo chromosomal abnormalities, and how lifestyle and nutrition may accelerate or exacerbate their consequences; (ii) improved evaluation of the uterine and blastocyst-endometrial dialogue, both of which represent black boxes themselves; (iii) standardization/automation of embryo assessment and IVF protocols; (iv) additional invasive or preferably non-invasive tools for embryo selection. Only by filling these gaps we may finally crack the riddle behind 'the black box of implantation'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo Cimadomo
- IVIRMA Global Research Alliance, GENERA, Clinica Valle Giulia, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Rienzi
- IVIRMA Global Research Alliance, GENERA, Clinica Valle Giulia, Rome, Italy
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", Urbino, Italy
| | - Alessandro Conforti
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Odontostomatology, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Eric Forman
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Irving Medical Centre, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Federica Innocenti
- IVIRMA Global Research Alliance, GENERA, Clinica Valle Giulia, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Poli
- Centrum voor Kinderwens, Dijklander Hospital, Purmerend, The Netherlands
- Juno Genetics, Rome, Italy
| | - Jenna Hynes
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Irving Medical Centre, New York, NY, USA
| | - Laura Gemmell
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Irving Medical Centre, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alberto Vaiarelli
- IVIRMA Global Research Alliance, GENERA, Clinica Valle Giulia, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Alviggi
- Department of Public Health, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
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Kim JW, Lee SY, Hur CY, Lim JH, Park CK. Comparison of clinical and preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy outcomes between in vitro fertilization and intracytoplasmic sperm injection in sibling mature oocytes from high-risk patients: A retrospective study. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2023; 49:2343-2350. [PMID: 37365000 DOI: 10.1111/jog.15731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the influence of insemination methods on clinical outcomes by assessing preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A) outcomes in embryos obtained using in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) in sibling mature oocytes from high-risk patients. METHODS This retrospective study involved 108 couples with nonmale or mild male factor infertility who underwent split insemination cycles from January 2018 to December 2021. PGT-A was performed using trophectoderm biopsy, array comparative genome hybridization, or next-generation sequencing with 24-chromosome screening. RESULTS Mature oocytes were divided into IVF (n = 660) and ICSI (n = 1028) groups. The normal fertilization incidence was similar between the groups (81.1% vs. 84.6%). The total number of blastocysts biopsied was significantly higher in the IVF group than in the ICSI group (59.3% vs. 52.6%; p = 0.018). However, euploidy (34.4% vs. 31.9%) and aneuploidy (63.4% vs. 66.2%) rates per biopsy and clinical pregnancy rates (60.0% vs. 58.8%) were similar between the groups. Implantation (45.6% vs. 50.8%) and live birth or ongoing pregnancy (52.0% vs 58.8%) rates were slightly higher in the ICSI group than in the IVF group and miscarriage rate per transfer was slightly higher in the IVF group than in the ICSI group (12.0% vs 5.9%); however no significant difference was observed. CONCLUSIONS IVF and ICSI using sibling mature oocytes had similar clinical outcomes, and euploidy and aneuploidy rates in couples with nonmale and mild male factor infertility. These results suggest that IVF is a useful option, along with ICSI, as an insemination method in PGT-A cycles, especially in high-risk patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Woo Kim
- In Vitro Fertilization Center, Maria S Fertility Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Applied Animal Science, College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Young Lee
- In Vitro Fertilization Center, Maria S Fertility Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Young Hur
- In Vitro Fertilization Center, Maria S Fertility Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Ho Lim
- In Vitro Fertilization Center, Maria S Fertility Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Choon-Keun Park
- Department of Applied Animal Science, College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
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15
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Bolton VN, Perez MJ, Hughes G, Moodley T, Dean M, Fernandez-Ponce A, Southall-Brown G, Kasraie J. The use of ICSI in ART: evidence for practice. HUM FERTIL 2023; 26:414-432. [PMID: 37609991 DOI: 10.1080/14647273.2023.2243071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
This article reviews the evidence regarding the safety and efficacy of intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). It provides evidence-based clinical and laboratory guidelines and recommendations for use of ICSI within an assisted reproductive technology (ART) service. The guidelines address the evidence for the use of ICSI rather than conventional IVF (cIVF); the use of ART techniques supplementary to ICSI; and risks associated with ICSI. This article is not intended to be the only approved standard of practice or to dictate an exclusive course of treatment. Other plans of management may be appropriate, taking into account the needs and medical history of the patient, available resources, and institutional or clinical practice limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - George Hughes
- Assisted Conception Unit, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, UK
| | - Therishnee Moodley
- The Centre for Reproductive Medicine, St. Bartholomew's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Morven Dean
- Assisted Conception Unit, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, UK
| | | | | | - Jason Kasraie
- University of Chester and University Centre Shrewsbury, Chester, UK
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16
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Serrano-Novillo C, Uroz L, Márquez C. Novel Time-Lapse Parameters Correlate with Embryo Ploidy and Suggest an Improvement in Non-Invasive Embryo Selection. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12082983. [PMID: 37109319 PMCID: PMC10146271 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12082983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Selecting the best embryo for transfer is key to success in assisted reproduction. The use of algorithms or artificial intelligence can already predict blastulation or implantation with good results. However, ploidy predictions still rely on invasive techniques. Embryologists are still essential, and improving their evaluation tools can enhance clinical outcomes. This study analyzed 374 blastocysts from preimplantation genetic testing cycles. Embryos were cultured in time-lapse incubators and tested for aneuploidies; images were then studied for morphokinetic parameters. We present a new parameter, "st2, start of t2", detected at the beginning of the first cell cleavage, as strongly implicated in ploidy status. We describe specific cytoplasmic movement patterns associated with ploidy status. Aneuploid embryos also present slower developmental rates (t3, t5, tSB, tB, cc3, and t5-t2). Our analysis demonstrates a positive correlation among them for euploid embryos, while aneuploids present non-sequential behaviors. A logistic regression study confirmed the implications of the described parameters, showing a ROC value of 0.69 for ploidy prediction (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.62 to 0.76). Our results show that optimizing the relevant indicators to select the most suitable blastocyst, such as by including st2, could reduce the time until the pregnancy of a euploid baby while avoiding invasive and expensive methods.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laia Uroz
- Gravida, Hospital de Barcelona, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
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17
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Huang Q, Lin Y, Mao L, Liu Y. Application of conventional IVF during preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidies: a feasibility study. Reprod Biomed Online 2023; 46:502-510. [PMID: 36681555 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2022.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
RESEARCH QUESTION Is it feasible to apply conventional IVF to couples undergoing preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidies (PGT-A) with non-severe male infertility? DESIGN The last wash fluid of biopsied trophectoderm (TE) cells was collected for whole genome amplification (WGA). A method was developed to determine parental contamination. Using single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis, two standard curves were established; further mixtures were used for verification. Finally, 29 WGA products from couples undergoing conventional IVF were used to evaluate parental contamination. RESULTS The WGA results of the last wash fluid of biopsied TE cells revealed almost no free DNA. By adopting two strategies based on maternally and paternally biased SNP in the mixture, data from bioinformatics analysis were analysed to determine the relationship between maternal (Index M) and paternal (Index F) bias statistics. Two standard curves were successfully established based on these indices that allowed the prediction of maternal and parental contamination, which correlated well with actual ratios of known composition mixtures during validation. The average contamination level was 10.6% determined from 10 WGA products that featured maternal contamination, whereas that of the other 19 products that featured paternal contamination was less than 10%. CONCLUSIONS This study confirmed the feasibility of applying conventional IVF to couples undergoing PGT-A with non-severe male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuxiang Huang
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 900th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Yulin Lin
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 900th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Lihua Mao
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 900th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Liu
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 900th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China.
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18
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Dong Y, Liu D, Zou Y, Wan C, Chen C, Dong M, Huang Y, Huang C, Weng H, Zhu X, Wang F, Jiao S, Liu N, Lu S, Zhang X, Liu F. Preimplantation genetic testing for human blastocysts with potential parental contamination using a quantitative parental contamination test (qPCT): an evidence-based study. Reprod Biomed Online 2023; 46:69-79. [PMID: 36257886 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2022.08.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
RESEARCH QUESTION Is it possible to develop a quantitative method for detecting parental DNA contamination in conventional IVF using preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A)? DESIGN In this study, a quantification method was established for the parental contamination test (qPCT), which ensured more reliable results, and then verified its effectiveness for vitrified conventional IVF embryos. A total of 120 surplus vitrified blastocysts from patients who underwent prior routine IVF cycles were available for study. RESULTS The results of the prospective clinical study of qPCT-PGT-A showed that the maternal contamination rate was 0.83% (1/120) and that the risk of paternal contamination was negligible. The 24 frozen embryo transfer cycles resulted in 16 clinical pregnancies, including 13 live births, one late inevitable miscarriage and two ongoing pregnancies. CONCLUSIONS The risk of PGT in embryos with potential parental contamination is relatively low, and PGT-A is applicable for vitrified conventional IVF embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunqiao Dong
- Reproductive Medical Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou Guangdong Province 511400, China; Joint first authors
| | - Dun Liu
- Reproductive Medical Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou Guangdong Province 511400, China; Joint first authors
| | - Yangyun Zou
- Yikon Genomics Company, Ltd., Shanghai 201499, China; Joint first authors
| | - Cheng Wan
- Yikon Genomics Company, Ltd., Shanghai 201499, China; Joint first authors
| | - Chuangqi Chen
- Reproductive Medical Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou Guangdong Province 511400, China
| | - Mei Dong
- Reproductive Medical Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou Guangdong Province 511400, China
| | - Yuqiang Huang
- Reproductive Medical Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou Guangdong Province 511400, China
| | - Cuiyu Huang
- Reproductive Medical Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou Guangdong Province 511400, China
| | - Huinan Weng
- Reproductive Medical Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou Guangdong Province 511400, China
| | - Xiulan Zhu
- Reproductive Medical Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou Guangdong Province 511400, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Reproductive Medical Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou Guangdong Province 511400, China
| | - Shujing Jiao
- Yikon Genomics Company, Ltd., Shanghai 201499, China
| | - Na Liu
- Yikon Genomics Company, Ltd., Shanghai 201499, China
| | - Sijia Lu
- Yikon Genomics Company, Ltd., Shanghai 201499, China
| | - Xiqian Zhang
- Reproductive Medical Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou Guangdong Province 511400, China
| | - Fenghua Liu
- Reproductive Medical Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou Guangdong Province 511400, China.
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Balli M, Cecchele A, Pisaturo V, Makieva S, Carullo G, Somigliana E, Paffoni A, Vigano’ P. Opportunities and Limits of Conventional IVF versus ICSI: It Is Time to Come off the Fence. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11195722. [PMID: 36233589 PMCID: PMC9572455 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11195722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventional IVF (c-IVF) is one of the most practiced assisted reproductive technology (ART) approaches used worldwide. However, in the last years, the number of c-IVF procedures has dropped dramatically in favor of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) in cases of non-male-related infertility. In this review, we have outlined advantages and disadvantages associated with c-IVF, highlighting the essential steps governing its success, its limitations, the methodology differences among laboratories and the technical progress. In addition, we have debated recent insights into fundamental questions, including indications regarding maternal age, decreased ovarian reserve, endometriosis, autoimmunity, single oocyte retrieval-cases as well as preimplantation genetic testing cycles. The “overuse” of ICSI procedures in several clinical situations of ART has been critically discussed. These insights will provide a framework for a better understanding of opportunities associated with human c-IVF and for best practice guidelines applicability in the reproductive medicine field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Balli
- Infertility Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milano, Italy
| | - Anna Cecchele
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milano, Italy
| | - Valerio Pisaturo
- Infertility Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milano, Italy
| | - Sofia Makieva
- Kinderwunschzentrum, Klinik für Reproduktions-Endokrinologie, Universitätsspital Zürich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Giorgia Carullo
- Infertility Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milano, Italy
| | - Edgardo Somigliana
- Infertility Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milano, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milano, Italy
| | | | - Paola Vigano’
- Infertility Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milano, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Factors influencing mosaicism: A retrospective analysis. Reprod Biomed Online 2022; 45:491-500. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2022.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Marginal differences in preimplantation morphokinetics between conventional IVF and ICSI in patients with preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A): A sibling oocyte study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0267241. [PMID: 35468159 PMCID: PMC9037924 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0267241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to analyze the morphokinetic behaviour between conventional IVF and ICSI, in cycles with preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidies (PGT-A). Materials A randomized controlled trial (NCT03708991) was conducted in a private fertility center. Thirty couples with non-male factor infertility were recruited between November 2018 and April 2019. A total of 568 sibling cumulus oocyte complexes were randomly inseminated with conventional IVF and ICSI and cultured in an Embryoscope time-lapse system. The morphokinetic behaviour of IVF/ICSI sibling oocytes was analysed as primary endpoint. As secondary endpoints, morphokinetic parameters that predict blastocysts that will be biopsied, the day of biopsy, gender and euploid outcome was assessed. Results When comparing IVF to ICSI, only the time to reach the 2-cell stage (t2) was significantly delayed for IVF embryos: OR: 1.282 [1.020–1.612], p = 0.033. After standardizing for tPNf (ct parameters), only Blast(tStartBlastulation-t2) remained significant: OR: 0.803 [0.648–0.994], p = 0.044. For the analysis of zygotes that will be biopsied on day 5/6 versus zygotes without biopsy, only early morphokinetic parameters were considered. All parameters were different in the multivariate model: ct2: OR: 0.840 [0.709–0.996], p = 0.045; ct6: OR: 0.943 [0.890–0.998], p = 0.043; cc2(t3-t2): OR: 1.148 [1.044–1.263], p = 0.004; cc3(t5-t3): OR: 1.177 [1.107–1.251], p<0.0001. When comparing the development between blastocysts biopsied on day 5 versus day 6, only three morphokinetic parameters were significant: cc2(t3-t2): OR: 1.394 [1.010–1.926], p = 0.044; ctBlastocyst: OR: 0.613 [0.489–0.768], p<0.0001 and ctExpandedBlastocyst: OR: 0.913 [0.868–0.960], p = 0.0004. Multivariate analysis of gender and ploidy did not reveal differences in morphokinetic behaviour. Conclusion Minor morphokinetic differences are observed between IVF and ICSI. Early in the development, distinct cleavage patterns are observed between embryos that will be biopsied or not.
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Franasiak JM, Polyzos NP, Neves AR, Yovich JL, Ho TM, Vuong LN, Norman RJ. Intracytoplasmic sperm injection for all or for a few? Fertil Steril 2022; 117:270-284. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2021.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Aizer A, Harel-Inbar N, Shani H, Orvieto R. Can expelled cells/debris from a developing embryo be used for PGT? J Ovarian Res 2021; 14:104. [PMID: 34380524 PMCID: PMC8356461 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-021-00853-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) is offered to a wide range of structural and numerical chromosomal imbalances, with PGT- polymerase chain reaction (PCR), as the method of choice for amplifying the small DNA content achieved from the blastomere biopsy or trophectoderm (TE) biopsy, that might have a detrimental impact on embryonic implantation potential. Since human embryos cultured until Day-5-6 were noticed to expel cell debris/ fragments within the zona pellucida, we aimed to examine whether these cell debris/ fragments might be used for PGT, as an alternative to embryo biopsy. METHODS Blastocysts, which their Day-3 blastomere biopsy revealed an affected embryo with single-gene defect, and following hatching leaved cell debris/fragments within the zona pellucida were analyzed. Each blastocyst and its corresponding cell debris/fragments were separated and underwent the same molecular analysis, based on multiplex PCR programs designed for haplotyping using informative microsatellites markers. The main outcome measure was the intra-embryo congruity of Day-3 blastomere biopsy and its corresponding blastocyst and cell debris/fragments. RESULTS Fourteen affected embryos from 9 women were included. Only 8/14 (57.2%) of embryos demonstrated congruent molecular genetic results between Day-3 embryo and its corresponding blastocyst and cell debris/fragments. In additional 6/14 (42.8%) embryos, molecular results of the Day-3 embryos and their corresponding blastocysts were congruent, while the cell debris/fragments yielded no molecular diagnoses (incomplete diagnoses). CONCLUSIONS It might be therefore concluded, that in PGT cycles, examining the cell debris/fragments on Day-4, instead of Day-3 blastomere or Day-5 TE biopsies, is feasible and might avoid embryo biopsy with its consequent detrimental effect on embryos' implantation potential. Whenever the latter results in incomplete diagnosis, TE biopsy should be carried out on Day-5 for final genetic results. Further large well-designed studies are required to validate the aforementioned PGT platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adva Aizer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, Israel. .,Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - Noa Harel-Inbar
- Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Hagit Shani
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Raoul Orvieto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, Israel.,Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,The Tarnesby-Tarnowski Chair for Family Planning and Fertility Regulation, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Sindiani AM, Zayed F, Alshdaifat EH, Rawashdeh HM, Al-Woshah W, Zayed N. Pre-Implantation Gender Selection: Family Balancing in Jordan. Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2021; 14:2797-2801. [PMID: 34239335 PMCID: PMC8259936 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s306124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To find out whether couples with predominant female offspring have more chances to produce more female embryos during non-medical pre-implantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) for male sex selection. Methods A total of 125 couples who had three or more female offspring and underwent non-medical PGD for male sex selection between 2015 and 2019 were included. Nuclear DNA was analyzed by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). Two-chromosome (X, Y), 3-chromosome (21, X, Y), and 5-chromosome (13, 18, 21, X, Y) probes were used for FISH. The standard protocol was followed for sperm processing and embryo culture for IVF and PGD. Results In 83.2% of the couples, the ratio of female embryos was higher than male embryos. Independent sample t-test showed that there is no significant difference between equal and unequal embryonic groups in patients' age, husbands' age, sperm count, sperm motility, total male embryos, total female embryos, normal male embryos, and normal female embryos. For patients with positive pregnancy outcome, 84.6% had unequal embryonic ratio while 15.4% had equal embryonic ratio. Similarly, patients who were treated by short protocol had 85% of unequal embryonic ratio and 15% had equal ratio. Conclusion A greater variability in the female to male embryonic ratio is produced in couples having predominantly female offspring and seeking non-medical PGD for male sex selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amer Mahmoud Sindiani
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Faheem Zayed
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Irbid Speciality Hospital, Irbid, Jordan
| | | | - Hasan M Rawashdeh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Wesam Al-Woshah
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IBN Al-Nafis Hospital, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Nada Zayed
- Department of Dermatology, Albalqa Applied University, Salt, Jordan
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De Munck N, El Khatib I, Abdala A, El-Damen A, Bayram A, Arnanz A, Melado L, Lawrenz B, Fatemi HM. Intracytoplasmic sperm injection is not superior to conventional IVF in couples with non-male factor infertility and preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidies (PGT-A). Hum Reprod 2021; 35:317-327. [PMID: 32086522 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deaa002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Revised: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Does the insemination method impact the euploidy outcome in couples with non-male factor infertility? SUMMARY ANSWER Conventional IVF can be applied in cycles with preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidies (PGT-A), as both IVF and ICSI generate equal numbers of euploid blastocysts. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Ever since its introduction, the popularity of ICSI has increased tremendously, even in couples with non-male factor infertility. The use of conventional IVF is a contraindication for couples undergoing PGT to ensure monospermic fertilisation and to eliminate potential paternal contamination from extraneous sperm attached to the zona pellucida. Despite this, it has recently been shown that sperm DNA fails to amplify under the conditions used for trophectoderm biopsy samples. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION This single-centre prospective pilot study included 30 couples between November 2018 and April 2019. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHOD Arab couples, with a female age between 18-40 years, body mass index ≤30 kg/m2, at least 10 cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs) following oocyte retrieval (OR) and normal semen concentration and motility (WHO) in the fresh ejaculate on the day of OR, were eligible for the study. Half of the sibling oocytes were assigned to conventional IVF, and the other half were assigned to ICSI. All embryos were cultured in a time-lapse imaging system in Global Total LP media. Blastocysts were subjected to trophectoderm biopsy on Day 5, 6 or 7 and next-generation sequencing (NGS) to determine blastocyst ploidy status. The primary objective was to determine the euploid rate in blastocysts from sibling oocytes. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE A total of 568 COCs were randomly allocated between IVF (n = 283; 9.4 ± 4.0) and ICSI (n = 285; 9.5 ± 4.1). While the incidence of normal fertilisation per cycle (6.1 ± 3.8 (64.0%) vs 6.3 ± 3.5 (65.4%); P = 0.609) was distributed equally between IVF and ICSI, the degeneration rate (0.1 ± 0.3 vs 0.7 ± 0.8; P = 0.0003) was significantly higher after ICSI and the incidence of abnormal fertilisation (≥3 pronuclei) was significantly higher after IVF (0.9 ± 1.2 vs 0.2 ± 0.4; P = 0.005). For all fertilised oocytes, there were no differences in the number of good-quality embryos on Day 3 (74% vs 78%; P = 0.467), nor in the blastulation rate on Day 5 (80.4% vs 70.8%; P = 0.076). The total number of blastocysts biopsied per cycle on Days 5, 6 and 7 was not significantly different between IVF or ICSI (4.0 ± 2.8 vs 3.9 ± 2.5; P = 0.774). With euploid rates of 49.8 and 44.1% (P = 0.755; OR: 1.05664 [0.75188-1.48494), respectively, there was no significant difference identified between IVF and ICSI (2.0 ± 1.8 vs 1.9 ± 1.7; P = 0.808) and all couples had at least one euploid blastocyst available for transfer. When considering only euploid blastocysts, the male/female ratio was 61/39 in IVF and 43/57 in ICSI (P = 0.063). LIMITATIONS, REASON FOR CAUTION This is a pilot study with a limited patient population of 30 couples (and 568 COCs) with a normal ovarian response. The results of our study should not be extrapolated to other patient populations. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS It is safe to apply conventional IVF in couples with non-male factor infertility undergoing PGT-A. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) No funding was obtained. There are no competing interests. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT03708991.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neelke De Munck
- IVIRMA Middle East Fertility Clinic, IVF laboratory, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ibrahim El Khatib
- IVIRMA Middle East Fertility Clinic, IVF laboratory, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Andrea Abdala
- IVIRMA Middle East Fertility Clinic, IVF laboratory, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ahmed El-Damen
- IVIRMA Middle East Fertility Clinic, IVF laboratory, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Aşina Bayram
- IVIRMA Middle East Fertility Clinic, IVF laboratory, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ana Arnanz
- IVIRMA Middle East Fertility Clinic, IVF laboratory, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Laura Melado
- IVIRMA Middle East Fertility Clinic, IVF laboratory, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Barbara Lawrenz
- IVIRMA Middle East Fertility Clinic, IVF laboratory, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.,Obstetrical Department, Women's University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Human M Fatemi
- IVIRMA Middle East Fertility Clinic, IVF laboratory, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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Comparison of aneuploidy rates between conventional in vitro fertilization and intracytoplasmic sperm injection in in vitro fertilization-intracytoplasmic sperm injection split insemination cycles. F S Rep 2020; 1:277-281. [PMID: 34223256 PMCID: PMC8244346 DOI: 10.1016/j.xfre.2020.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the influence of insemination methods on outcomes of preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A) by assessing PGT-A results in embryos that derived from conventional in vitro fertilization (IVF) versus intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) in sibling oocytes. Design Retrospective cohort study. Setting Single academic IVF center. Patient(s) A total of 118 couples who underwent 131 split insemination cycles from July 2016–July 2019. Intervention(s) In all cycles, sibling oocytes were allocated randomly to conventional IVF or ICSI prior to stripping. Preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy was performed via trophectoderm biopsy and next-generation sequencing with 24-chromosome screening. Main Outcome Measure(s) Rates of euploid, aneuploid, and mosaic embryos per biopsy. Result(s) A total of 2,129 oocytes were randomized to conventional IVF (n = 1,026) and ICSI (n = 1,103). No difference was observed in the aneuploidy rates (50.3% vs. 45.2%) and percentages of mosaic embryos (1.7% vs. 2.4%) per biopsy between conventional IVF and ICSI sibling oocytes. Percentages of different aneuploidy types and aneuploidies that involved sex chromosome abnormalities (6.2% vs. 7.2%) were similar between the two groups. In the end, the overall chance to have an euploid embryo per allocated oocyte in the two groups was similar (13.2% vs. 15.5%). Conclusion(s) Blastocysts created with conventional IVF and ICSI using sibling oocytes had similar rates of aneuploidy and mosaicism as examined using 24-chromosome screening. It is unlikely that conventional IVF caused significant contamination during PGT-A. We recommend conventional IVF as the preferred insemination method in PGT-A cycles, and ICSI should be indicated only in cases of male-factor infertility.
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Obstetric and Perinatal Outcomes in Pregnancies Conceived After Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Monogenetic Diseases. Obstet Gynecol 2020; 136:782-791. [PMID: 32925631 DOI: 10.1097/aog.0000000000004062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether the addition of embryo biopsy performed during preimplantation genetic testing for monogenic diseases is associated with a higher risk of obstetric and neonatal complications compared with in vitro fertilization (IVF) without preimplantation genetic testing or spontaneously conceived pregnancies. METHODS This is a cohort study of all pregnancies conceived after preimplantation genetic testing for monogenic diseases (PGT-M group) from 2006 to 2018 at Sheba Medical Center, Israel. The control groups included patients who had conceived spontaneously (spontaneous conception group) or by IVF without preimplantation genetic testing (IVF group) and delivered at Sheba Medical Center. The obstetrics outcomes were compared among the groups. Multivariable regression modeling was performed, focusing on the relationship between preimplantation genetic testing and adverse outcomes. RESULTS Final analysis included 345 singleton and 76 twin deliveries in the PGT-M group. The spontaneous conception group included 5,290 singleton and 92 twin deliveries. The IVF group included 422 singleton and 101 twin deliveries. Among singleton pregnancies, patients in the PGT-M group had a higher rate of hypertensive disorders (6.9%) compared with those in the spontaneous conception group (2.3%; odds ratio [OR] 3.3; 95% CI 1.9-4.8; adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 14.8; 95% CI 7.4-29.8) and the IVF group (4.7%; OR 1.5; 95% CI 0.8-2.7; aOR 5.9; 95% CI 1.9-18.2). Likewise, patients in the PGT-M group had a higher rate of small-for-gestational age neonates (12.4%) compared with those in the spontaneous conception group (3.9%; OR 3.4; 95% CI 2.4-4.9; aOR 2.3; 95% CI 1.5-3.4) and the IVF group (4.5%; OR 3; 95% CI 1.7-5.2; aOR 2.5; 95% CI 1.7-5.2). Among twin pregnancies, patients in the PGT-M group also had an increased rate of hypertensive disorders compared with those in the spontaneous conception group (4.3%; OR 4.1; 95% CI 1.2-13.3; aOR 10.9; 95% CI 2.3-50) and the IVF group (4%; OR 4.5; 95% CI 1.4-14.7; aOR 3.7; 95% CI 1.1-12.8). CONCLUSION Pregnancies conceived after preimplantation genetic testing for monogenic disorders were associated with an increased risk of obstetric complications compared with pregnancies conceived spontaneously or by IVF without preimplantation genetic testing.
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Orvieto R, Feldman B, Wiesel M, Shani H, Aizer A. Is Day-4 morula biopsy a feasible alternative for preimplantation genetic testing? PLoS One 2020; 15:e0238599. [PMID: 32916690 PMCID: PMC7486131 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0238599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To assess the efficacy and clinical outcome of PGT-M undertaken on Day-3, Day-4 and Day-4 “delayed” embryos that were unsuitable for biopsy on Day-3. Design and setting Cohort-historical study of all consecutive patients admitted to the IVF-PGT-M program in a large tertiary center. Main outcome measure(s) The pregnancy rates and the percentages of complete, incomplete diagnosis, PCR failure, abnormal embryos in PGT of Day-3 cleavage-stage, Day-4 and Day-4 “delayed” embryos. Patients and methods We reviewed the medical files of all consecutive patients admitted to our IVF for a fresh IVF-PGT-M cycle. Patients were divided into 3 groups according to the day of blastomere biopsy: Day 3 cleavage-stage, Day-4 morula and Day-4 “delayed” embryos. The laboratory data, genetic diagnostic and clinical results were collected and compared between the different study groups. Results Nine hundred and six patients underwent PGT-M cycles in our PGT program: 747, 127 and 32 in the Day-3, Day- 4 and Day-4 “delayed” groups, respectively. Ongoing pregnancy rates per transfer and per patient (15.8% and 9.4%, respectively) were non-significantly lower in the Day-4 “delayed”, compared to Day-3 (21.4% and 17.5%, respectively) and Day-4 (24.3% and 19.7%, respectively). When comparing ALL morulas (Day-4 and Day-4 “delayed”) to ALL cleavage-stage embryos (Day-3, Day-4 and Day-4 “delayed”), a significantly higher ongoing pregnancy rate was demonstrated following the transfer of embryos derived from morula biopsy, as compared to biopsy at the cleavage-stage (33.3% vs 20.5%, p<0.03, respectively). Conclusion Day-4 embryo biopsy is feasible and yields comparable and even higher ongoing pregnancy rate if undertaken at the morula stage. Further studies evaluating the cumulative live-birth rate per started cycles in Day-3 vs Day-4 embryo biopsy for PGT-M are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raoul Orvieto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- The Tarnesby-Tarnowski Chair for Family Planning and Fertility Regulation, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- * E-mail:
| | - Baruch Feldman
- Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Marine Wiesel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Hagit Shani
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Adva Aizer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, Israel
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Bosch E, Espinós JJ, Fabregues F, Fontes J, García-Velasco J, Llácer J, Requena A, Checa MA, Bellver J. ALWAYS ICSI? A SWOT analysis. J Assist Reprod Genet 2020; 37:2081-2092. [PMID: 32578032 PMCID: PMC7492350 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-020-01836-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Intracytroplasmatic sperm injection (ICSI) is a common procedure used to improve reproductive results, even among couples without male factor infertility. However, the evidence available is still uncertain on the possible advantages and deficiencies that this procedure may have in patients with no formal indication for ICSI. METHODS A SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats) analysis examines the possible advantages and deficiencies of performing ICSI in these patients with no formal indication. RESULTS The evidence suggests that ICSI is not justified for non-male factor infertile couples requiring in vitro conception. One of the major strengths associated to the procedure is the virtual elimination of cases further complicated by total fertilization failure and a combination between IVF and ICSI on sibling oocytes has been advised in the literature. Greater technical difficulties, higher costs and performing an unnecessary invasive technique in some cases represent some of the weaknesses of the procedure, and questions regarding safety issues should not be ruled out. CONCLUSION Despite the widespread use of ICSI in patients without a formal diagnosis of male factor infertility, evidence demonstrating its effectiveness in this population is still lacking. Additional large and well-designed randomized controlled trials are needed to clarify definitive indications for ICSI in non-male factor infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Bosch
- IVI RMA Valencia, Plaza de la Policía Local, 3, 46015, Valencia, Spain.
| | - J J Espinós
- Fertty, Ausiàs March 25, 08010, Barcelona, Spain
- Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Campus de la UAB, Plaza Cívica, s/n, 08193, Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - F Fabregues
- Institut Clinic Gynecology, Obstetrics and Neonatology (ICGON), Hospital Clinic, C/Villarroel 160, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Fontes
- Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Avd Fuerzas Armadas s/n, 18014, Granada, Spain
| | | | - J Llácer
- Instituto Bernabeu Alicante, Av. Albufereta, 31, 03540, Alacant (Alicante), Spain
| | - A Requena
- IVI RMA Madrid, Avda. del Talgo 68, 28023, Madrid, Spain
| | - M A Checa
- Hospital del Mar-Parc de Salut Mar, Paseo Maritimo 25-29, 08005, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Bellver
- IVI RMA Valencia, Plaza de la Policía Local, 3, 46015, Valencia, Spain
- Departamento de Pediatría, Obstetricia y Ginecología. Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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Aizer A, Shimon C, Dratviman-Storobinsky O, Shani H, Harel Inbar N, Maman E, Orvieto R. Timing day-3 vitrification for PGT-M embryos: pre- or post-blastomere biopsy? J Assist Reprod Genet 2020; 37:2413-2418. [PMID: 32772269 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-020-01914-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the efficacy and clinical outcomes of preimplantation genetic testing for monogenic diseases (PGT-M), following blastomere biopsy prior or following vitrification. METHODS A cohort-historical study of all consecutive patients admitted to IVF in a large tertiary center for PGT-M and PCR cycle from September 2016 to March 2020. Patients were divided into 4 groups: Group A1 consisted of patients undergoing day-3 embryos biopsy followed by a fresh transfer of unaffected embryos. Group A2 consisted of Group A1 patients that their surplus unaffected embryos were vitrified, thawed, and transferred in a subsequent FET cycle. Group B1 consisted of patients that their day-3 embryos were vitrified intact (without biopsy) for a subsequent FET cycle. Later embryos were thawed and underwent blastomere biopsies, and the unaffected embryos were transferred, while the surplus unaffected embryos were re-vitrified for a subsequent FET cycle. Group B2 consisted of Group B1 patients that their surplus unaffected embryos were re-vitrified, thawed, and transferred in a subsequent FET cycle. The laboratory data and clinical results were collected and compared between groups. RESULTS A total of 368 patients underwent 529 PGT-M cycles in our center: 347 with day-3 embryos biopsied before undergoing vitrification (Group A1) and 182 following vitrification and thawing (Group B1). There were no between group differences in embryo survival rate post-thawing, nor the ongoing implantation and pregnancy rates. CONCLUSION In PGT-M cycles, the timing of embryos vitrification, whether prior or following blastomere biopsy, has no detrimental effect on post-thawing embryo survival rate, nor their potential ongoing implantation and pregnancy rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adva Aizer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Infertility and IVF Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel. .,Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - Chen Shimon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Infertility and IVF Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Olga Dratviman-Storobinsky
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Infertility and IVF Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.,Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Hagit Shani
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Noa Harel Inbar
- Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Ettie Maman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Infertility and IVF Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.,Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Raoul Orvieto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Infertility and IVF Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.,Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,The Tarnesby-Tarnowski Chair for Family Planning and Fertility Regulation, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Abstract
The process of embryonic development is crucial and radically influences preimplantation embryo competence. It involves oocyte maturation, fertilization, cell division and blastulation and is characterized by different key phases that have major influences on embryo quality. Each stage of the process of preimplantation embryonic development is led by important signalling pathways that include very many regulatory molecules, such as primary and secondary messengers. Many studies, both in vivo and in vitro, have shown the importance of the contribution of reactive oxygen species (ROS) as important second messengers in embryo development. ROS may originate from embryo metabolism and/or oocyte/embryo surroundings, and their effect on embryonic development is highly variable, depending on the needs of the embryo at each stage of development and on their environment (in vivo or under in vitro culture conditions). Other studies have also shown the deleterious effects of ROS in embryo development, when cellular tissue production overwhelms antioxidant production, leading to oxidative stress. This stress is known to be the cause of many cellular alterations, such as protein, lipid, and DNA damage. Considering that the same ROS level can have a deleterious effect on the fertilizing oocyte or embryo at certain stages, and a positive effect at another stage of the development process, further studies need to be carried out to determine the rate of ROS that benefits the embryo and from what rate it starts to be harmful, this measured at each key phase of embryonic development.
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Stimpfel M, Jancar N, Vrtacnik-Bokal E, Virant-Klun I. Conventional IVF improves blastocyst rate and quality compared to ICSI when used in patients with mild or moderate teratozoospermia. Syst Biol Reprod Med 2019; 65:458-464. [PMID: 31522570 DOI: 10.1080/19396368.2019.1666436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The ICSI procedure was invented to treat severe male infertility but is often used even if the sperm quality parameters are normal. This practice has recently been called into question, but there is still no clear answer especially in terms of sperm morphology, regarding when it is necessary to perform ICSI and when conventional IVF is indeed more beneficial. In borderline cases it seems logical to fertilize oocytes using ICSI and conventional IVF at the same time. Since we also use this approach we performed a retrospective analysis of such cycles to elucidate, which procedure results in a better clinical outcome in terms of fertilization rate, the quality of day 3 and day 5 embryos, and the pregnancy rate. The data from fifty-one couples who were treated with ART and whose male factor of infertility was defined as teratozoospermia were included. The fertilization rates were similar between ICSI and conventional IVF groups (per COCs: 54.5% vs. 58.2%, P = 0.322; per MII oocytes: 63.9% vs. 67.2%; P = 0.399), but more oocytes degenerated after ICSI (11.7% vs. 4.3%; P = 0.0003). The quality of cleaved embryos was similar between the groups, but more embryos reached the blastocyst stage after conventional IVF (43.7% vs. 55.0%; P = 0.032) and furthermore, more of them were of good quality (19.8% vs. 29.2%; P = 0.037). The pregnancy rate did not significantly differ between the groups (21.4% vs. 45.5%; P = 0.175), although there was a trend in favor of conventional IVF. This retrospective analysis suggests that when sperm morphology is not severely impaired and sperm concentration and motility are normal, it is better to use conventional IVF to fertilize oocytes and not ICSI. The main advantage of conventional IVF is reflected in improved blastocyst rate and quality.Abbreviations: ICSI: intracytoplasmic sperm injection; IVF: in vitro fertilization; COC: cumulus-oocyte complex; COH: controlled ovarian hyperstimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Stimpfel
- Department of Human Reproduction, Division of Gynaecology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Nina Jancar
- Department of Human Reproduction, Division of Gynaecology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Eda Vrtacnik-Bokal
- Department of Human Reproduction, Division of Gynaecology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Irma Virant-Klun
- Department of Human Reproduction, Division of Gynaecology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Kirshenbaum M, Feldman B, Aizer A, Haas J, Orvieto R. Preimplantation embryos sex ratios in couples with four or more children of same sex, what should be expected from a preimplantation genetic diagnosis cycle? Gynecol Endocrinol 2019; 35:515-517. [PMID: 30741052 DOI: 10.1080/09513590.2018.1563886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Our aim was to assess the preimplantation embryos' sex ratios in couples with four or more children of same sex, undergoing sex selection for nonmedical reasons. We conducted a cohort-historical study of all consecutive patients admitted to the IVF-PGD program in a large tertiary center. We reviewed the computerized files of all consecutive women admitted to our IVF for sex selection for nonmedical reasons. Patients and their PGD cycle characteristics were compared according to the desired sex of their embryo and the mode of fertilization. Nine patients underwent a total of 19 PGD cycle attempts during the study period. Of the 77 embryos with complete molecular diagnosis, 41 revealed a male embryo and 36 a female embryo. Thirty-five percent of all the diagnosed embryos were of the desired sex. For couples desiring a boy, IVF cycles achieved a higher ratio of the desired embryonal sex compared to ICSI (52% vs 18.7%, p = .03). For couples desiring a girl, ICSI cycles had a higher percentage of the desired embryonal sex compared to IVF cycles (38% vs 23%). Moreover, 29.7% of ICSI and 40% of IVF embryos achieved the desired sex. In conclusion, PGD for sex selection results in a relatively low percentage (35%) of embryos demonstrating the desired sex. Nonetheless, selecting the mode of fertilization (ICSI/IVF) might improve the success rate. Further studies are required to explore the appropriate and cost-effective method for sex selection for nonmedical reasons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Kirshenbaum
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Sheba Medical Center , Ramat-Gan , Israel
- b Sackler School of Medicine , Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv , Israel
| | - Baruch Feldman
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Sheba Medical Center , Ramat-Gan , Israel
- b Sackler School of Medicine , Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv , Israel
- c Sheba Medical Center , Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics , Ramat-Gan , Israel
| | - Adva Aizer
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Sheba Medical Center , Ramat-Gan , Israel
| | - Jigal Haas
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Sheba Medical Center , Ramat-Gan , Israel
- b Sackler School of Medicine , Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv , Israel
| | - Raoul Orvieto
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Sheba Medical Center , Ramat-Gan , Israel
- b Sackler School of Medicine , Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv , Israel
- d The Tarnesby-Tarnowski Chair for Family Planning and Fertility Regulation, Sackler Faculty of Medicine , Tel-Aviv University , Israel
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Haham LM, Avrahami I, Domniz N, Ries-Levavi L, Berkenstadt M, Orvieto R, Cohen Y, Elizur SE. Preimplantation genetic diagnosis versus prenatal diagnosis-decision-making among pregnant FMR1 premutation carriers. J Assist Reprod Genet 2018; 35:2071-2075. [PMID: 30136016 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-018-1293-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To detect which factors influence decision-making among pregnant FMR1 premutation carriers regarding the preferred mode of genetic diagnosis: IVF-PGT-M (in vitro fertilization with preimplantation genetic testing for monogenic gene diseases), or CVS (chorionic villus sampling), or AC (amniocentesis) after spontaneous conception. METHODS In Israel FMR1 premutation preconception genetic screening is offered, free of charge, to every woman in her reproductive years. FMR1 premutation carriers with ≥ 70 CGG repeats, or a history of FXS offspring, are offered IVF-PGT-M. This is a historical cohort study including all pregnant FMR1 premutation carriers who underwent prenatal diagnosis between the years 2011 and 2016 at a tertiary medical center. Data were collected from electronic charts and through phone interviews. RESULTS One hundred seventy-five women with high-risk pregnancies who were offered IVF-PGT-M were evaluated. In 37 pregnancies (21%), the women decided to undergo IVF-PGT-M. Using the generalized estimating equations (GEE) statistical method including seven parameters, we found that previous termination of pregnancy due to FXS and advanced woman's age were significantly associated with making the decision to undergo IVF-PGT-M. Previously failed IVF was the most significant parameter in a woman's decision not to undergo IVF-PGT-M. CONCLUSION The most dominant factor affecting the decision of FMR1 premutation carriers to choose spontaneous conception with prenatal diagnosis versus IVF-PGT-M is a previous experience of failed IVF treatments. Women whose IVF treatments failed in the past tended to try to conceive naturally and later, during the course of the pregnancy, perform CVS or AC. Conversely, women who previously experienced a termination of pregnancy (TOP) due to an affected fetus, and older women, preferred to undergo IVF-PGT-M procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Noam Domniz
- IVF Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Liat Ries-Levavi
- The Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Michal Berkenstadt
- The Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Raoul Orvieto
- IVF Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yoram Cohen
- IVF Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Shai E Elizur
- IVF Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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