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Vijayakumar N, Youssef G, Bereznicki H, Dehestani N, Silk TJ, Whittle S. The Social Determinants of Emotional and Behavioral Problems in Adolescents Experiencing Early Puberty. J Adolesc Health 2024; 74:674-681. [PMID: 37665306 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2023.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Earlier pubertal timing is an important predictor of emotional and behavioral problems during adolescence. The current study undertook a comprehensive investigation of whether the social environment can buffer or amplify the associations between pubertal timing and emotional and behavioral problems. METHODS Research questions were examined in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study, a large population representative sample in the United States. We examined interactions between pubertal timing and the shared effects of a range of proximal and distal social environmental influences (i.e., parents, peers, schools, neighborhoods, socioeconomic status) in 10- to 13-year-olds. RESULTS Results revealed significant interaction between timing and proximal social influences (i.e., the "microsystem") in predicting emotional and behavioral problems. In general, adolescents with earlier pubertal timing and unfavorable (high levels of negative and low levels of positive) influences in the microsystem exhibited greater problems. Both males and females exhibited such associations for rule-breaking problems, while females alone exhibited associations for depressive problems. Results also illustrate the relative strength of each social context at moderating risk for emotional and behavioral problems in earlier versus later pubertal maturers. DISCUSSION These findings highlight the importance of proximal social influences in buffering vulnerability for emotional and behavioral problems related to earlier puberty. Findings also illustrate the broad implications of latent environmental factors, reflecting common variance of multiple social influences that typically covary with one another.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nandita Vijayakumar
- Faculty of Health, School of Psychology, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia; Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
| | - George Youssef
- Faculty of Health, School of Psychology, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hannah Bereznicki
- Faculty of Health, School of Psychology, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Niousha Dehestani
- Faculty of Health, School of Psychology, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia; Department of Psychiatry, Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Victoria, Australia
| | - Timothy J Silk
- Faculty of Health, School of Psychology, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia; Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sarah Whittle
- Department of Psychiatry, Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Victoria, Australia
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Dehestani N, Vijayakumar N, Ball G, Mansour L S, Whittle S, Silk TJ. "Puberty age gap": new method of assessing pubertal timing and its association with mental health problems. Mol Psychiatry 2024; 29:221-228. [PMID: 38052980 PMCID: PMC11116096 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02316-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Puberty is linked to mental health problems during adolescence, and in particular, the timing of puberty is thought to be an important risk factor. This study developed a new measure of pubertal timing that was built upon multiple pubertal features and their nonlinear changes over time (i.e., with age), and investigated its association with mental health problems. Using the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) cohort (N ~ 9900, aged 9-13 years), we employed three different models to assess pubertal timing. These models aimed to predict chronological age based on: (i) observed physical development, (ii) hormone levels (testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone [DHEA]), and (iii) a combination of both physical development and hormones. To achieve this, we utilized a supervised machine learning approach, which allowed us to train the models using the available data and make age predictions based on the input pubertal features. The accuracy of these three models was evaluated, and their associations with mental health problems were examined. The new pubertal timing model performed better at capturing age variance compared to the more commonly used linear regression method. Further, the model based on physical features accounted for the most variance in mental health, such that earlier pubertal timing was associated with higher symptoms. This study demonstrates the utility of our new model of pubertal timing and suggests that, relative to hormonal measures, physical measures of pubertal maturation have a stronger association with mental health problems in early adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niousha Dehestani
- Deakin University, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Geelong, VIC, Australia.
- Department of Psychiatry, Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Nandita Vijayakumar
- Deakin University, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Geelong, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Gareth Ball
- Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sina Mansour L
- Department of Psychiatry, Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Sarah Whittle
- Department of Psychiatry, Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Timothy J Silk
- Deakin University, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Geelong, VIC, Australia.
- Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
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van Rijn R, Lee NC, Hollarek M, Sijtsma H, Walsh RJ, van Buuren M, Braams BR, Krabbendam L. The Effect of Relative Pubertal Maturation and Perceived Popularity on Symptoms of Depression and Social Anxiety in Adolescent Boys and Girls. J Youth Adolesc 2023; 52:2384-2403. [PMID: 37592196 PMCID: PMC10495507 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-023-01836-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Research has shown that adolescents - particularly girls - who mature relatively early often experience more internalizing problems. This effect is thought to be partially driven by psychosocial mechanisms, but previous research based relative pubertal maturation on complete samples or population standards, instead of considering the adolescents' direct peer environment. In the current study the level of adolescents' pubertal development was assessed relative to their classmates in order to examine relative pubertal maturation. The effects of adolescents' relative pubertal status, and their perceived popularity, on symptoms of social anxiety and depression in adolescents were studied. All analyses were also performed for absolute pubertal maturation. Participants were 397 young adolescents (Mage = 13.06, SD = 0.36, 49.9% girls) at timepoint 1, and 307 (Mage = 14.08, SD = 0.36, 50.5% girls) at timepoint 2. A significant positive relationship was found between relative pubertal timing and symptoms of depression for girls but not boys. Social anxiety symptoms were not significantly related to relative pubertal timing in either sex. Relative pubertal maturation had no effect on change in or persistence of depressive and social anxiety symptoms one year later. The effects of the comparison with the immediate peer environment, did not seem to explain more variance in internalizing symptoms than the effects of early maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca van Rijn
- Section of Clinical Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Research Institute LEARN!, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Institute of Brain and Behavior Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Nikki C Lee
- Section of Clinical Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Miriam Hollarek
- Section of Clinical Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Research Institute LEARN!, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Institute of Brain and Behavior Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hester Sijtsma
- Section of Clinical Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Research Institute LEARN!, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Institute of Brain and Behavior Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Reubs J Walsh
- Section of Clinical Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Research Institute LEARN!, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Institute of Brain and Behavior Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mariët van Buuren
- Section of Clinical Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Research Institute LEARN!, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Institute of Brain and Behavior Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Barbara R Braams
- Section of Clinical Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Research Institute LEARN!, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Institute of Brain and Behavior Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lydia Krabbendam
- Section of Clinical Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Research Institute LEARN!, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Institute of Brain and Behavior Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Vijayakumar N, Whittle S. A systematic review into the role of pubertal timing and the social environment in adolescent mental health problems. Clin Psychol Rev 2023; 102:102282. [PMID: 37094393 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2023.102282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nandita Vijayakumar
- Deakin University, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Geelong, Australia; Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
| | - Sarah Whittle
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Victoria, Australia
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Street ME, Ponzi D, Renati R, Petraroli M, D’Alvano T, Lattanzi C, Ferrari V, Rollo D, Stagi S. Precocious puberty under stressful conditions: new understanding and insights from the lessons learnt from international adoptions and the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1149417. [PMID: 37201098 PMCID: PMC10187034 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1149417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuro-biological variations in the timing of sexual maturation within a species are part of an evolved strategy that depend on internal and external environmental conditions. An increased incidence of central precocious puberty (CPP) has been described in both adopted and "covid-19 pandemic" children. Until recently, it was hypothesised that the triggers for CPP in internationally adopted children were likely to be better nutrition, greater environmental stability, and improved psychological wellbeing. However, following data collected during and after the coronavirus (COVID-19) global pandemic, other possibilities must be considered. In a society with high levels of child wellbeing, the threat to life presented by an unknown and potentially serious disease and the stressful environment created by lockdowns and other public health measures could trigger earlier pubertal maturation as an evolutionary response to favour early reproduction. The main driver for increased rates of precocious and rapidly progressive puberty during the pandemic could have been the environment of "fear and stress" in schools and households. In many children, CPP may have been triggered by the psychological effects of living without normal social contact, using PPE, being near adults concerned about financial and other issues and the fear of getting ill. The features and time of progression of CPP in children during the pandemic are similar to those observed in adopted children. This review considers the mechanisms regulating puberty with a focus on neurobiological and evolutionary mechanisms, and analyses precocious puberty both during the pandemic and in internationally adopted children searching for common yet unconsidered factors in an attempt to identify the factors which may have acted as triggers. In particular, we focus on stress as a potential factor in the early activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis and its correlation with rapid sexual maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Elisabeth Street
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Unit of Paediatrics, P. Barilla Children’s Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Parma, Parma, Italy
- *Correspondence: Maria Elisabeth Street,
| | - Davide Ponzi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Roberta Renati
- Department of Pedagogy, Psychology and Philosophy, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Maddalena Petraroli
- Unit of Paediatrics, P. Barilla Children’s Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Tiziana D’Alvano
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Unit of Paediatrics, P. Barilla Children’s Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Claudia Lattanzi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Unit of Paediatrics, P. Barilla Children’s Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Vittorio Ferrari
- Health Sciences Department, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Dolores Rollo
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Stefano Stagi
- Health Sciences Department, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Azienda Ospedaliero Univesitaria Meyer IRCCS, Florence, Italy
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Hirtz R, Hars C, Naaresh R, Laabs BH, Antel J, Grasemann C, Hinney A, Hebebrand J, Peters T. Causal Effect of Age at Menarche on the Risk for Depression: Results From a Two-Sample Multivariable Mendelian Randomization Study. Front Genet 2022; 13:918584. [PMID: 35903354 PMCID: PMC9315288 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.918584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A fair number of epidemiological studies suggest that age at menarche (AAM) is associated with depression, but the reported effect sizes are small, and there is evidence of residual confounding. Moreover, previous Mendelian randomization (MR) studies to avoid inferential problems inherent to epidemiological studies have provided mixed findings. To clarify the causal relationship between age at menarche and broadly defined depression risk, we used 360 genome-wide significantly AAM-related single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as instrumental variable and data from the latest GWAS for the broadly defined depression risk on 807,553 individuals (246,363 cases and 561,190 controls). Multiple methods to account for heterogeneity of the instrumental variable (penalized weighted median, MR Lasso, and contamination mixture method), systematic and idiosyncratic pleiotropy (MR RAPS), and horizontal pleiotropy (MR PRESSO and multivariable MR using three methods) were used. Body mass index, education attainment, and total white blood count were considered pleiotropic phenotypes in the multivariable MR analysis. In the univariable [inverse-variance weighted (IVW): OR = 0.96, 95% confidence interval = 0.94–0.98, p = 0.0003] and multivariable MR analysis (IVW: OR = 0.96, 95% confidence interval = 0.94–0.99, p = 0.007), there was a significant causal effect of AAM on depression risk. Thus, the present study supports conclusions from previous epidemiological studies implicating AAM in depression without the pitfalls of residual confounding and reverse causation. Considering the adverse consequences of an earlier AAM on mental health, this finding should foster efforts to address risk factors that promote an earlier AAM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael Hirtz
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Pediatrics II, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- *Correspondence: Raphael Hirtz, , orcid.org/0000-0003-1162-4305
| | - Christine Hars
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Pediatrics II, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Roaa Naaresh
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Björn-Hergen Laabs
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein—Campus Lübeck, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Jochen Antel
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Corinna Grasemann
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Rare Diseases and CeSER, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Anke Hinney
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Johannes Hebebrand
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Triinu Peters
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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Pu Y, Tang Y, Shi Q, Wang H. The association between pubertal timing and quality of life among children and adolescents: a cross-sectional study in Chongqing, China. Environ Health Prev Med 2022; 27:49. [PMID: 36529504 PMCID: PMC9792678 DOI: 10.1265/ehpm.22-00159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To determine the relationship between pubertal timing and quality of life (QOL) in children and adolescents and to provide a basis for QOL intervention in pubertal children in the future to promote good adaptation and healthy physical and mental development of children. METHODS The survey was conducted in one county using a stratified cluster sampling method. The five physiological change items of the Puberty Development Scale (PDS) were used to assess the timing of puberty in students. Compared to students of the same age and the same sex, students who scored higher than the mean + standard deviation (SD) of individual developmental scores were defined as an early pubertal timing group. A 39-item QOL Scale for Children in Puberty was used to assess the QOL of the respondents. Multiple linear regression models were fitted separately for boys and girls. RESULTS Of the 7223 students, 3754 (51.97%) were boys and 3469 (48.03%) were girls. The prevalence of early pubertal periods was 16.07%. The total QOL score in the early pubertal timing group (137.16 ± 18.67) was significantly lower than in the normal (on time) group (142.02 ± 17.98) and the late group (142.76 ± 18.35) (F = 37.311, P < 0.001). A multiple linear regression model showed that early pubertal timing was a risk factor for QOL (P < 0.0014), compared with normal and late pubertal timing. CONCLUSIONS The early pubertal timing was associated with poorer QOL in children and adolescents. More attention should be paid to children with early pubertal timing in intervening children's QOL during pubertal development. Future longitudinal studies are needed to confirm the association between pubertal timing and QOL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Pu
- School of Public Health, Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yinshuang Tang
- School of Public Health, Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiuling Shi
- School of Public Health, Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China,State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hong Wang
- School of Public Health, Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Chahal R, Kirshenbaum JS, Miller JG, Ho TC, Gotlib IH. Higher Executive Control Network Coherence Buffers Against Puberty-Related Increases in Internalizing Symptoms During the COVID-19 Pandemic. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY: COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2020; 6:79-88. [PMID: 33097469 PMCID: PMC7455201 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2020.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early pubertal maturation has been posited to be a biopsychosocial risk factor for the onset of internalizing psychopathology in adolescence; further, early-maturing youths exhibit heightened reactivity to stressful events. School closures and enforced social distancing, as well as health and financial uncertainties, during the COVID-19 pandemic are expected to adversely affect mental health in youths, particularly adolescents who are already at risk for experiencing emotional difficulties. The executive control network (ECN) supports cognitive processes required to successfully navigate novel challenges and regulate emotions in stressful contexts. METHODS We examined whether functional coherence of the ECN, measured using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging 5 years before the pandemic (T1), is a neurobiological marker of resilience to increases in the severity of internalizing symptoms during COVID-19 in adolescents who were in more advanced stages of puberty at T1 relative to their same-age peers (N = 85, 49 female). RESULTS On average, participants reported an increase in symptoms from the 3 months before pandemic to the 2 most recent weeks during the pandemic. We found that early-maturing youths exhibited greater increases in internalizing symptoms during the pandemic if their ECN coherence was low; in contrast, relative pubertal stage was not associated with changes in internalizing symptoms in adolescents with higher ECN coherence at T1. CONCLUSIONS These findings highlight the role of the functional architecture of the brain that supports executive functioning in protecting against risk factors that may exacerbate symptoms of internalizing psychopathology during periods of stress and uncertainty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajpreet Chahal
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, California.
| | | | - Jonas G Miller
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Tiffany C Ho
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Ian H Gotlib
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, California.
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9
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Hamlat EJ, Snyder HR, Young JF, Hankin BL. Pubertal Timing as a Transdiagnostic Risk for Psychopathology in Youth. Clin Psychol Sci 2018; 7:411-429. [PMID: 31179165 DOI: 10.1177/2167702618810518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Evidence suggests that early pubertal timing may operate as a transdiagnostic risk factor (i.e., shared across syndromes of psychopathology) for both genders. The current study examined associations between pubertal timing and dimensional psychopathology, structured across different levels of three organizational models: 1) DSM-based syndrome model, 2) traditional model of internalizing and externalizing factors, and 3) bifactor (p-factor) model, which includes a general psychopathology factor as well as internalizing- and externalizing- specific factors. For study analyses, 567 youth-parent pairs completed psychopathology measures when youth (55.5% female) were 13.58 (SD = 2.37, range = 9-17). Findings across all models revealed that early pubertal timing served as a transdiagnostic risk factor and also displayed some syndrome specific associations. Gender did not moderate any relationships between pubertal timing and psychopathology. Study findings reinforce the importance of examining risk across different levels of psychopathology conceptualization and analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jami F Young
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine
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10
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Barbosa C, Simmons JG, Vijayakumar N, Dudgeon P, Patton GC, Mundy LK, Allen NB, Whittle S. Interaction Between Parenting Styles and Adrenarcheal Timing Associated With Affective Brain Function in Late Childhood. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2018; 57:678-686.e4. [PMID: 30196871 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2018.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 05/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Parenting and pubertal timing have consistently been associated with internalizing and externalizing symptoms in childhood and adolescence, and there is some evidence that the interaction between these factors may be important in conferring risk. However, few studies have investigated whether neurobiological factors mediate these relationships. The current study examined whether interactions between adrenarcheal timing and parenting styles were associated with affective brain function and, in turn, mental health difficulties. METHOD Participants were 88 healthy children (46 female and 42 male, mean age 9.42 years, SD = 1.08 years), with 45 classified as relatively early and 43 as relatively late in adrenarcheal development based upon adrenal hormone levels. Participants completed an affective face functional magnetic resonance imaging task, and parents reported on 5 parenting styles and on child internalizing and externalizing symptoms. RESULTS Negative parenting styles (corporal punishment and poor monitoring) were associated with brain hemodynamic response while viewing affective faces in several subcortical and lateral prefrontal regions, and adrenarcheal timing and/or sex moderated most of these relationships. Sex differences in associations between corporal punishment and brain activation to affective faces indicated that late females might show less adaptive affective neural function when more exposed to this parenting style. CONCLUSION Findings suggest that the interaction between parenting styles and adrenarcheal timing is associated with affective brain function in late childhood, with marked sex differences. Further longitudinal research with larger samples is needed to corroborate and expand upon these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Barbosa
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Julian G Simmons
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Australia; Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Australia
| | | | - Paul Dudgeon
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - George C Patton
- The University of Melbourne, the Murdoch Children's Research Institute, and the Centre for Adolescent Health, Royal Children's Hospital, Australia
| | - Lisa K Mundy
- The University of Melbourne, the Murdoch Children's Research Institute, and the Centre for Adolescent Health, Royal Children's Hospital, Australia
| | | | - Sarah Whittle
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Australia; Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Australia
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11
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Turnier LK, Modi AC. JPP Student Journal Club Commentary: Interpersonal Stressors and Resources as Predictors of Adolescent Adjustment Following Traumatic Brain Injury. J Pediatr Psychol 2018; 43:713-715. [DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsy033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Luke K Turnier
- Xavier University
- Division of Behavioral Medicine, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center
| | - Avani C Modi
- Division of Behavioral Medicine, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center
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12
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Winer JP, Powers SI, Pietromonaco PR. Early Pubertal Timing and Childhood Family Adversity Interact to Predict Newlywed Women's Anxiety Symptoms. JOURNAL OF CHILD AND FAMILY STUDIES 2017; 26:591-602. [PMID: 28458501 PMCID: PMC5409100 DOI: 10.1007/s10826-016-0575-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The contextual amplification hypothesis posits that girls' early pubertal timing will predict anxiety and depression symptoms most strongly when early puberty occurs under adverse conditions. Research supporting this hypothesis has consistently linked early pubertal timing occurring in adverse contexts to symptoms during adolescence, but little is known about the link to adult symptoms. The present study examined the extent to which women's reports of early pubertal timing and childhood family adversity interact to predict symptoms of anxiety and depression during the first two years of marriage. Married women (N = 226) completed questionnaires within 7 months into their first marriage (Time 1) and approximately 19 months later (Time 2). Analyses indicated that at both Time 1 and 2, women's reports of earlier pubertal timing predicted anxiety symptoms only when women reported a history of greater childhood family adversity. Additional analyses indicated that the interaction of earlier pubertal timing and greater childhood family adversity predicted symptoms of traumatic intrusions and panic, but not social anxiety, at Time 1, and panic symptoms at Times 1 and 2. These findings expand our understanding of the relation of early pubertal timing to adult emotional health and the family conditions that moderate this relation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey P Winer
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Tobin Hall, 135 Hicks Way, Amherst, MA, 01003
| | - Sally I Powers
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Tobin Hall, 135 Hicks Way, Amherst, MA, 01003
| | - Paula R Pietromonaco
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Tobin Hall, 135 Hicks Way, Amherst, MA, 01003
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Harding KA, Willey B, Ahles J, Mezulis A. Disentangling vulnerabilities from outcomes: Distinctions between trait affect and depressive symptoms in adolescent and adult samples. J Affect Disord 2016; 199:42-53. [PMID: 27085163 PMCID: PMC4862942 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2016.02.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Accepted: 02/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trait negative affect and trait positive affect are affective vulnerabilities to depressive symptoms in adolescence and adulthood. While trait affect and the state affect characteristic of depressive symptoms are proposed to be theoretically distinct, no studies have established that these constructs are statistically distinct. Therefore, the purpose of the current study was to determine whether the trait affect (e.g. temperament dimensions) that predicts depressive symptoms and the state affect characteristic of depressive symptoms are statistically distinct among early adolescents and adults. We hypothesized that trait negative affect, trait positive affect, and depressive symptoms would represent largely distinct factors in both samples. METHOD Participants were 268 early adolescents (53.73% female) and 321 young adults (70.09% female) who completed self-report measures of demographic information, trait affect, and depressive symptoms. RESULTS Principal axis factoring with oblique rotation for both samples indicated distinct adolescent factor loadings and overlapping adult factor loadings. Confirmatory factor analyses in both samples supported distinct but related relationships between trait NA, trait PA, and depressive symptoms. LIMITATIONS Study limitations include our cross-sectional design that prevented examination of self-reported fluctuations in trait affect and depressive symptoms and the unknown potential effects of self-report biases among adolescents and adults. CONCLUSIONS Findings support existing theoretical distinctions between adolescent constructs but highlight a need to revise or remove items to distinguish measurements of adult trait affect and depressive symptoms. Adolescent trait affect and depressive symptoms are statistically distinct, but adult trait affect and depressive symptoms statistically overlap and warrant further consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlin A Harding
- Seattle Pacific University, Marston 107, 3307 3rd Ave West, Suite 107, Seattle, WA 98119, United States.
| | - Brittany Willey
- Seattle Pacific University, Marston 107, 3307 3rd Ave West, Suite 107, Seattle, WA 98119, United States
| | - Joshua Ahles
- Seattle Pacific University, Marston 107, 3307 3rd Ave West, Suite 107, Seattle, WA 98119, United States
| | - Amy Mezulis
- Seattle Pacific University, Marston 107, 3307 3rd Ave West, Suite 107, Seattle, WA 98119, United States
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