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Pagliaccio D, Bitran A, Kirshenbaum JS, Alqueza KL, Durham K, Chernick LS, Joyce K, Lan R, Porta G, Brent DA, Allen NB, Auerbach RP. Testing the interpersonal theory of suicide in adolescents: A multi-wave longitudinal study. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2024; 65:668-679. [PMID: 37474206 PMCID: PMC10799188 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suicide is a major public health crisis among youth. Several prominent theories, including the Interpersonal Theory of Suicide (IPTS), aim to characterize the factors leading from suicide ideation to action. These theories are largely based on findings in adults and require testing and elaboration in adolescents. METHODS Data were examined from high-risk 13-18-year-old adolescents (N = 167) participating in a multi-wave, longitudinal study; 63% of the sample exhibited current suicidal thoughts or recent behaviors (n = 105). The study included a 6-month follow-up period with clinical interviews and self-report measures at each of the four assessments as well as weekly smartphone-based assessments of suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Regression and structural equation models were used to probe hypotheses related to the core tenets of the IPTS. RESULTS Feelings of perceived burdensomeness were associated with more severe self-reported suicidal ideation (b = 0.58, t(158) = 7.64, p < .001). Similarly, burdensomeness was associated with more frequent ideation based on weekly smartphone ratings (b = 0.11, t(1460) = 3.41, p < .001). Contrary to IPTS hypotheses, neither feelings of thwarted belongingness, nor interactions between burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness were significantly associated with ideation (ps > .05). Only elevated depression severity was associated with greater odds of suicide events (i.e., suicide attempts, psychiatric hospitalizations, and/or emergency department visits for suicide concerns) during the follow-up period (OR = 1.83, t(158) = 2.44, p = .01). No effect of acquired capability was found. CONCLUSIONS Perceptions of burdensomeness to others reflect a critical risk factor for suicidal ideation among high-risk adolescents. Null findings with other IPTS constructs may suggest a need to adopt more developmentally sensitive models or measures of interpersonal and acquired capability risk factors for youth. Refining methods and theoretical models of suicide risk may help improve the identification of high-risk cases and inform clinical intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Pagliaccio
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY
- Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Alma Bitran
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY
- Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Jaclyn S. Kirshenbaum
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY
- Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Kira L. Alqueza
- School of Special Education, School Psychology, and Early Childhood Studies, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Katherine Durham
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY
- Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Lauren S. Chernick
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Karla Joyce
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ranqing Lan
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY
- Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Giovanna Porta
- UPMC Western Psychiatric Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - David A. Brent
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Randy P. Auerbach
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY
- Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY
- Sackler Institute for Developmental Psychobiology at Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
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Aitchison AH, Allen NB, Shaffrey IR, O’Neill CN, Abar B, Anastasio AT, Adams SB. Fabrication of a Novel 3D Extrusion Bioink Containing Processed Human Articular Cartilage Matrix for Cartilage Tissue Engineering. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:329. [PMID: 38671751 PMCID: PMC11048018 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11040329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cartilage damage presents a significant clinical challenge due to its intrinsic avascular nature which limits self-repair. Addressing this, our study focuses on an alginate-based bioink, integrating human articular cartilage, for cartilage tissue engineering. This novel bioink was formulated by encapsulating C20A4 human articular chondrocytes in sodium alginate, polyvinyl alcohol, gum arabic, and cartilage extracellular matrix powder sourced from allograft femoral condyle shavings. Using a 3D bioprinter, constructs were biofabricated and cross-linked, followed by culture in standard medium. Evaluations were conducted on cellular viability and gene expression at various stages. Results indicated that the printed constructs maintained a porous structure conducive to cell growth. Cellular viability was 87% post printing, which decreased to 76% after seven days, and significantly recovered to 86% by day 14. There was also a notable upregulation of chondrogenic genes, COL2A1 (p = 0.008) and SOX9 (p = 0.021), suggesting an enhancement in cartilage formation. This study concludes that the innovative bioink shows promise for cartilage regeneration, demonstrating substantial viability and gene expression conducive to repair and suggesting its potential for future therapeutic applications in cartilage repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Hunter Aitchison
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Health System, Durham, NC 27710, USA; (N.B.A.); (I.R.S.); (C.N.O.); (B.A.); (A.T.A.)
| | - Nicholas B. Allen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Health System, Durham, NC 27710, USA; (N.B.A.); (I.R.S.); (C.N.O.); (B.A.); (A.T.A.)
| | - Isabel R. Shaffrey
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Health System, Durham, NC 27710, USA; (N.B.A.); (I.R.S.); (C.N.O.); (B.A.); (A.T.A.)
| | - Conor N. O’Neill
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Health System, Durham, NC 27710, USA; (N.B.A.); (I.R.S.); (C.N.O.); (B.A.); (A.T.A.)
| | - Bijan Abar
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Health System, Durham, NC 27710, USA; (N.B.A.); (I.R.S.); (C.N.O.); (B.A.); (A.T.A.)
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Albert T. Anastasio
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Health System, Durham, NC 27710, USA; (N.B.A.); (I.R.S.); (C.N.O.); (B.A.); (A.T.A.)
| | - Samuel B. Adams
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Health System, Durham, NC 27710, USA; (N.B.A.); (I.R.S.); (C.N.O.); (B.A.); (A.T.A.)
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Barendse MEA, Allen NB, Sheeber L, Pfeifer JH. Associations Between Parenting Behavior and Neural Processing of Adolescent Faces in Mothers With and Without Depression. Biol Psychiatry Cogn Neurosci Neuroimaging 2024; 9:41-49. [PMID: 35724852 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2022.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study first examined how mothers with and without depression differ in neural activation in response to adolescents' affective faces. Second, it examined the extent to which these neural activation patterns are related to observed positive and aggressive parenting behavior. METHODS Mothers with and without depression (based on self-reported symptoms and treatment history; n = 77 and n = 64, respectively; meanage = 40 years) from low-income families completed an interaction task with their adolescents (meanage = 12.8 years), which was coded for parents' aggressive and positive affective behavior. During functional magnetic resonance imaging, mothers viewed blurry, happy, sad, and angry faces of unfamiliar adolescents, with an instruction to either label the emotion or determine the clarity of the image. RESULTS The depression group showed less activation in the posterior midcingulate than the control subject group while labeling happy faces. Higher activation in the insula and dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (PFC) was related to less positive parenting behavior. Ventrolateral PFC activation was most pronounced when labeling negative emotions, but stronger ventrolateral PFC response to happy faces was associated with more aggressive parenting behavior. CONCLUSIONS This demonstrates the association between parents' neural responses to adolescent faces and their behavior during interactions with their own adolescents, with relatively low insula and dorsomedial PFC activation supporting positive parenting and affect-dependent response in the ventrolateral PFC as being important to limit aggressive behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjolein E A Barendse
- Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, California.
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Abar B, Vail E, Mathey E, Park E, Allen NB, Adams SB, Gall K. A bending model for assessing relative stiffness and strength of orthopaedic fixation constructs. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) 2024; 111:106135. [PMID: 37948989 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2023.106135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study is to develop a simple and reproducible bending model that is compatible with a wide range of orthopaedic fixation devices and 3D printed spacers. METHODS A robust 4-point bending model was constructed by securing sawbones blocks with different orthopaedic fixation device constructs. Stress strain curves derived from a fundamental mechanics model were used to assess the effect of bone density, type of hardware (staple vs intramedullary beam), the use of dynamic compression, orientation of staples (dorsal vs plantar), and the use of 3D printed titanium spacers. FINDINGS The high throughput 4-point bending model is simple enough that the methods can be easily repeated to assess a wide range of fixation methods, while complex enough to provide clinically relevant information. INTERPRETATIONS It is recommended that this model is used to assess a large initial set of fixation methods in direct and straightforward comparisons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijan Abar
- Duke University, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Material Sciences, USA; Duke University, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, USA
| | - Elijah Vail
- Duke University, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Material Sciences, USA
| | - Elizabeth Mathey
- University of Colorado Denver, Department of Mechanical Engineering, USA
| | - Ella Park
- Duke University, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Material Sciences, USA
| | | | | | - Ken Gall
- Duke University, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Material Sciences, USA.
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Li LY, Trivedi E, Helgren F, Allison GO, Zhang E, Buchanan SN, Pagliaccio D, Durham K, Allen NB, Auerbach RP, Shankman SA. Capturing mood dynamics through adolescent smartphone social communication. J Psychopathol Clin Sci 2023; 132:1072-1084. [PMID: 37498714 PMCID: PMC10818010 DOI: 10.1037/abn0000855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Most adolescents with depression remain undiagnosed and untreated-missed opportunities that are costly from both personal and public health perspectives. A promising approach to detecting adolescent depression in real-time and at a large scale is through their social communication on the smartphone (e.g., text messages, social media posts). Past research has shown that language from online social communication reliably indicates interindividual differences in depression. To move toward detecting the emergence of depression symptoms intraindividually, the present study tested whether sentiment (i.e., words connoting positive and negative affect) from smartphone social communication prospectively predicted daily mood fluctuations in 83 adolescents (Mage = 16.49, 73.5% female) with a wide range of depression severity. Participants completed daily mood ratings across a 90-day period, during which 354,278 messages were passively collected from social communication apps. Greater positive sentiment (i.e., more positive weighted composite valence score and a greater proportion of words expressing positive sentiment) predicted more positive next-day mood, controlling for previous-day mood. Moreover, greater proportions of positive and negative sentiment were, respectively, associated with lower anhedonia and greater dysphoria symptoms measured at baseline. Exploratory analyses of nonaffective linguistic features showed that greater use of social engagement words (e.g., friends and affiliation) and emojis (primarily consisting of hearts) predicted more positive changes in mood. Collectively, findings suggest that language from smartphone social communication can detect mood fluctuations in adolescents, laying the foundation for language-based tools to identify periods of heightened depression risk. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian Y. Li
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University
| | - Esha Trivedi
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute
| | - Fiona Helgren
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University
| | | | - Emily Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute
| | | | - David Pagliaccio
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute
| | - Katherine Durham
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute
| | | | - Randy P. Auerbach
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute
- Division of Clinical Developmental Neuroscience, Sackler Institute
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McNeilly EA, Mills KL, Kahn LE, Crowley R, Pfeifer JH, Allen NB. Adolescent Social Communication Through Smartphones: Linguistic Features of Internalizing Symptoms and Daily Mood. Clin Psychol Sci 2023; 11:1090-1107. [PMID: 38149299 PMCID: PMC10750975 DOI: 10.1177/21677026221125180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
The increasing use of smartphone technology by adolescents has led to unprecedented opportunities to identify early indicators of shifting mental health. This intensive longitudinal study examined the extent to which differences in mental health and daily mood are associated with digital social communication in adolescence. In a sample of 30 adolescents (ages 11-15 years), we analyzed 22,152 messages from social media, email, and texting across one month. Lower daily mood was associated with linguistic features reflecting self-focus and reduced temporal distance. Adolescents with lower daily mood tended to send fewer positive emotion words on a daily basis, and more total words on low mood days. Adolescents with lower daily mood and higher depression symptoms tended to use more future focus words. Dynamic linguistic features of digital social communication that relate to changes in mental states may represent a novel target for passive detection of risk and early intervention in adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kathryn L. Mills
- Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, Eugene, USA
- PROMENTA Research Center, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Lauren E. Kahn
- Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, Eugene, USA
| | - Ryann Crowley
- Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, Eugene, USA
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Meyer LE, Danilkowicz RM, Hinton ZW, Crook BS, Abar B, Allen NB, Negus M, Hurley ET, Toth AP, Amendola A, Adams SB. Microdrilling Resulted in Less Subchondral Bone Destruction Than a Traditional Microfracture Awl for Articular Cartilage Defect Bone Marrow Stimulation. Arthrosc Sports Med Rehabil 2023; 5:100786. [PMID: 37746320 PMCID: PMC10511330 DOI: 10.1016/j.asmr.2023.100786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to compare bone marrow stimulation using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) analysis of an abrasion arthroplasty technique, drilling k-wire technique, traditional microfacture awl, or a microdrill instrument for subchondral bone defects. Methods Eleven cadaveric distal femoral specimens were obtained and divided into 3 common areas of osteochondral defect: trochlea and weightbearing portions of the medial and lateral femoral condyles. Each area of interest was then denuded of cartilage using a PoweRasp and divided into quadrants. Each quadrant was assigned either a 1.6 mm Kirschner wire (k-wire), 1.25 mm microfracture awl, 1.5 mm fluted microdrill, PowerPick, or a curette (abrasion arthroplasty) to create 4 channels into the subchondral bone sing the same instrument. Subchondral bone and adjacent tissue areas were then evaluated using micro-CT to analyze adjacent bone destruction and extension into the bone marrow. Results Overall, there was a significantly decreased area of bone destruction or compression using the microdrill (0.030 mm) as compared to the microfracture awl (0.072 mm) and k-wire (0.062 mm) (P < .05). Within the trochlea and the medial femoral condyle, there was significantly decreased bony compression with the microdrill as compared to the awl and k-wire (P < .05); however, when stratified, this was not significant among the lateral femoral condylar samples (P = .08). Conclusion Bone marrow stimulation causes bony compression that may negatively impact subchondral bone and trabecular alignment. It is important to understand which tools used for bone marrow stimulation cause the least amount of damage to the subchondral bone. Clinical Relevance This study demonstrates the decreased subchondral bony defects seen with the microdrill versus the traditional microfracture awl indicating that when performing bone marrow stimulation, the microdrill may be a less harmful tool to the subchondral bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy E. Meyer
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, U.S.A
| | - Richard M. Danilkowicz
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, U.S.A
| | - Zoe W. Hinton
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, U.S.A
| | - Bryan S. Crook
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, U.S.A
| | - Bijan Abar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Material Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, U.S.A
| | - Nicholas B. Allen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Material Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, U.S.A
| | - Mitchell Negus
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Material Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, U.S.A
| | - Eoghan T. Hurley
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, U.S.A
| | - Alison P. Toth
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, U.S.A
| | - Annunziato Amendola
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, U.S.A
| | - Samuel B. Adams
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, U.S.A
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Cunningham DJ, Kwon NF, Allen NB, Hanselman AM, Adams SB. Time and State Legislation Have Decreased Opioid Prescribing in Elective Foot and Ankle Surgery in the United States. Foot Ankle Spec 2023; 16:485-496. [PMID: 34612756 DOI: 10.1177/19386400211043361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Legislation in the United States has been enacted to reduce opioid overuse and abuse in the setting of the opioid epidemic, and a notable target has been opioid overprescription. However, the impact of this legislation on elective foot and ankle surgery is largely unknown. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of opioid-limiting legislation on opioid prescribing in elective foot and ankle surgery. METHODS The 90-day perioperative opioid prescription filling in oxycodone 5-mg equivalents was identified in all patients 18 years of age and older undergoing nontrauma, nonarthroplasty foot and ankle surgery from 2010 to 2019 using a commercial database. States with and without legislation were identified, and opioid prescription filling before and after the legislation were tabulated. Unadjusted and adjusted analyses were performed to evaluate the impact of time and state legislation on perioperative opioid prescribing in this patient population. RESULTS Initial and cumulative opioid prescribing decreased significantly from 2010 to 2019 (39 vs 35.7 initial and 98.1 vs 55.7 cumulative). States with legislation had larger and more significant reductions in initial and cumulative opioid prescribing compared with states without legislation over similar time frames (41.6 to 35.1 with legislation vs 40.6 to 39.1 without legislation initial prescription filling volume and 87.7 to 62.8 vs 88.6 to 74.1 cumulative prescription filling volume). CONCLUSION State legislation and time have been associated with large, clinically relevant reductions in 90-day perioperative cumulative opioid prescription filling, although reductions in initial opioid prescription filing have remained low. These results encourage states without legislation to enact restraints to reduce the opioid epidemic. LEVELS OF EVIDENCE Level III: Retrospective, prognostic cohort study.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicholas F Kwon
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Nicholas B Allen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Andrew M Hanselman
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Samuel B Adams
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
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Auerbach RP, Lan R, Galfalvy H, Alqueza KL, Cohn JF, Crowley RN, Durham K, Joyce KJ, Kahn LE, Kamath RA, Morency LP, Porta G, Srinivasan A, Zelazny J, Brent DA, Allen NB. Intensive Longitudinal Assessment of Adolescents to Predict Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2023; 62:1010-1020. [PMID: 37182586 PMCID: PMC10524866 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2023.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Suicide is a leading cause of death among adolescents. However, there are no clinical tools to detect proximal risk for suicide. METHOD Participants included 13- to 18-year-old adolescents (N = 103) reporting a current depressive, anxiety, and/or substance use disorder who owned a smartphone; 62% reported current suicidal ideation, with 25% indicating a past-year attempt. At baseline, participants were administered clinical interviews to assess lifetime disorders and suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs). Self-reports assessing symptoms and suicide risk factors also were obtained. In addition, the Effortless Assessment of Risk States (EARS) app was installed on adolescent smartphones to acquire daily mood and weekly suicidal ideation severity during the 6-month follow-up period. Adolescents completed STB and psychiatric service use interviews at the 1-, 3-, and 6-month follow-up assessments. RESULTS K-means clustering based on aggregates of weekly suicidal ideation scores resulted in a 3-group solution reflecting high-risk (n = 26), medium-risk (n = 47), and low-risk (n = 30) groups. Of the high-risk group, 58% reported suicidal events (ie, suicide attempts, psychiatric hospitalizations, emergency department visits, ideation severity requiring an intervention) during the 6-month follow-up period. For participants in the high-risk and medium-risk groups (n = 73), mood disturbances in the preceding 7 days predicted clinically significant ideation, with a 1-SD decrease in mood doubling participants' likelihood of reporting clinically significant ideation on a given week. CONCLUSION Intensive longitudinal assessment through use of personal smartphones offers a feasible method to assess variability in adolescents' emotional experiences and suicide risk. Translating these tools into clinical practice may help to reduce the needless loss of life among adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randy P Auerbach
- Columbia University, New York, and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York; Sackler Institute, New York.
| | - Ranqing Lan
- Columbia University, New York, and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York
| | - Hanga Galfalvy
- Columbia University, New York, and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York
| | - Kira L Alqueza
- Columbia University, New York, and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York
| | | | | | - Katherine Durham
- Columbia University, New York, and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York
| | - Karla J Joyce
- University Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Rahil A Kamath
- Columbia University, New York, and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York
| | | | - Giovanna Porta
- University Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Apoorva Srinivasan
- Columbia University, New York, and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York
| | - Jamie Zelazny
- University Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - David A Brent
- University Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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Mudiam KR, Sheeber LB, Leve C, Pfeifer JH, Allen NB. Maternal depression, parental attributions, and adolescent psychopathology: An evaluation using observational and video-mediated recall methods. J Res Adolesc 2023; 33:1023-1037. [PMID: 37165702 DOI: 10.1111/jora.12855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Parenting styles associated with maternal depression are a risk factor for adolescent psychopathology, and maternal attributional styles may be a key mechanism in this relationship. Mother-adolescent dyads (N = 180; 96 male; ages 10-15) completed in-person interactions and then the mothers participated in a video-mediated recall procedure to assess maternal attributions. Maternal depression was associated with negative attributions. Negative attributions were associated with low parental acceptance, aggressive parenting, and low positive parenting. Positive maternal attributions were associated with less aggressive parenting, and more positive parenting during one interaction task. Adolescent externalizing behaviors were associated with negative attributions. Future research should evaluate whether maternal attributions mediate the association between maternal depression and both parenting behaviors and adolescent mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavya R Mudiam
- Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA
| | | | - Craig Leve
- Oregon Research Institute, Eugene, Oregon, USA
| | | | - Nicholas B Allen
- Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA
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Allen NB, Aitchison AH, Bagheri K, Guardino NJ, Abar B, Adams SB. Exposure of Tissue-Engineered Cartilage Analogs to Synovial Fluid Hematoma After Ankle Fracture Is Associated With Chondrocyte Death and Altered Cartilage Maintenance Gene Expression. Foot Ankle Int 2023; 44:922-930. [PMID: 37329280 DOI: 10.1177/10711007231178829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The first stage of fracture healing consists of hematoma formation with recruitment of proinflammatory cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases. Unfortunately, when there is an intra-articular fracture, these inflammatory mediators are not retained at the fracture site, but instead, envelop the healthy cartilage of the entire joint via the synovial fluid fracture hematoma (SFFH). These inflammatory cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases are known factors in the progression of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Despite the known inflammatory contents of the SFFH, little research has been done on the effects of the SFFH on healthy cartilage with regard to cell death and alteration in gene expression that could lead to posttraumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA). METHODS SFFH was collected from 12 patients with intraarticular ankle fracture at the time of surgery. Separately, C20A4 immortalized human chondrocytes were 3-dimensionally cultured to create scaffold-free cartilage tissue analogs (CTAs) to simulate healthy cartilage. Experimental CTAs (n = 12) were exposed to 100% SFFH for 3 days, washed, and transferred to complete media for 3 days. Control CTAs (n = 12) were simultaneously cultured in complete medium without exposure to SFFH. Subsequently, CTAs were harvested and underwent biochemical, histological, and gene expression analysis. RESULTS Exposure of CTAs to ankle SFFH for 3 days significantly decreased chondrocyte viability by 34% (P = .027). Gene expression of both COL2A1 and SOX9 were significantly decreased after exposure to SFFH (P = .012 and P = .0013 respectively), while there was no difference in COL1A1, RUNX2, and MMP13 gene expression. Quantitative analysis of Picrosirius red staining demonstrated increased collagen I deposition with poor ultrastructural organization in SFFH-exposed CTAs. CONCLUSION Exposure of an organoid model of healthy cartilage tissue to SFFH after intraarticular ankle fracture resulted in decreased chondrocyte viability, decreased expression of genes regulating normal chondrocyte phenotype, and altered matrix ultrastructure indicating differentiation toward an osteoarthritis phenotype. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The majority of ankle fracture open reduction and internal fixation does not occur immediately after fracture. In fact, typically these fractures are treated several days to weeks later in order to let the swelling subside. This means that the healthy innocent bystander cartilage not involved in the fracture is exposed to SFFH during this time. In this study, the SFFH caused decreased chondrocyte viability and specific altered gene expression that might have the potential to induce osteoarthritis. These data suggest that early intervention after intraarticular ankle fracture could possibly mitigate progression toward PTOA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas B Allen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Kian Bagheri
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Nicholas J Guardino
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Bijan Abar
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Material Science, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Samuel B Adams
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
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12
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Maggioni E, Rossetti MG, Allen NB, Batalla A, Bellani M, Chye Y, Cousijn J, Goudriaan AE, Hester R, Hutchison K, Li CSR, Martin-Santos R, Momenan R, Sinha R, Schmaal L, Solowij N, Suo C, van Holst RJ, Veltman DJ, Yücel M, Thompson PM, Conrod P, Mackey S, Garavan H, Brambilla P, Lorenzetti V. Brain volumes in alcohol use disorder: Do females and males differ? A whole-brain magnetic resonance imaging mega-analysis. Hum Brain Mapp 2023; 44:4652-4666. [PMID: 37436103 PMCID: PMC10400785 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests distinct neurobiological correlates of alcohol use disorder (AUD) between sexes, which however remain largely unexplored. This work from ENIGMA Addiction Working Group aimed to characterize the sex differences in gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) correlates of AUD using a whole-brain, voxel-based, multi-tissue mega-analytic approach, thereby extending our recent surface-based region of interest findings on a nearly matching sample using a complementary methodological approach. T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data from 653 people with AUD and 326 controls was analyzed using voxel-based morphometry. The effects of group, sex, group-by-sex, and substance use severity in AUD on brain volumes were assessed using General Linear Models. Individuals with AUD relative to controls had lower GM volume in striatal, thalamic, cerebellar, and widespread cortical clusters. Group-by-sex effects were found in cerebellar GM and WM volumes, which were more affected by AUD in females than males. Smaller group-by-sex effects were also found in frontotemporal WM tracts, which were more affected in AUD females, and in temporo-occipital and midcingulate GM volumes, which were more affected in AUD males. AUD females but not males showed a negative association between monthly drinks and precentral GM volume. Our results suggest that AUD is associated with both shared and distinct widespread effects on GM and WM volumes in females and males. This evidence advances our previous region of interest knowledge, supporting the usefulness of adopting an exploratory perspective and the need to include sex as a relevant moderator variable in AUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Maggioni
- Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria G Rossetti
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca'Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Nicholas B Allen
- Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA
| | - Albert Batalla
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Marcella Bellani
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Yann Chye
- BrainPark, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Melbourne, Australia
- Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Janna Cousijn
- Neuroscience of Addiction Lab, Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anna E Goudriaan
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Institute for Addiction Research, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Robert Hester
- School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Kent Hutchison
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Chiang-Shan R Li
- Department of Psychiatry and of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Rocio Martin-Santos
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM and Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Reza Momenan
- Clinical NeuroImaging Research Core, Office of the Clinical Director, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Rajita Sinha
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Lianne Schmaal
- Orygen, Parkville, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Nadia Solowij
- School of Psychology and Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Chao Suo
- Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Australian Characterisation Commons at Scale (ACCS) Project, Monash eResearch Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ruth J van Holst
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Institute for Addiction Research, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Dick J Veltman
- Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Murat Yücel
- BrainPark, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Melbourne, Australia
- Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Paul M Thompson
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Patricia Conrod
- Department of Psychiatry, Universite de Montreal, CHU Ste Justine Hospital, Montreal, Canada
| | - Scott Mackey
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Hugh Garavan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Paolo Brambilla
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca'Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Lorenzetti
- Neuroscience of Addiction and Mental Health Program, Healthy Brain and Mind Research Centre, School of Behavioral and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
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13
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Uhlhaas PJ, Davey CG, Mehta UM, Shah J, Torous J, Allen NB, Avenevoli S, Bella-Awusah T, Chanen A, Chen EYH, Correll CU, Do KQ, Fisher HL, Frangou S, Hickie IB, Keshavan MS, Konrad K, Lee FS, Liu CH, Luna B, McGorry PD, Meyer-Lindenberg A, Nordentoft M, Öngür D, Patton GC, Paus T, Reininghaus U, Sawa A, Schoenbaum M, Schumann G, Srihari VH, Susser E, Verma SK, Woo TW, Yang LH, Yung AR, Wood SJ. Towards a youth mental health paradigm: a perspective and roadmap. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:3171-3181. [PMID: 37580524 PMCID: PMC10618105 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02202-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Most mental disorders have a typical onset between 12 and 25 years of age, highlighting the importance of this period for the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of mental ill-health. This perspective addresses interactions between risk and protective factors and brain development as key pillars accounting for the emergence of psychopathology in youth. Moreover, we propose that novel approaches towards early diagnosis and interventions are required that reflect the evolution of emerging psychopathology, the importance of novel service models, and knowledge exchange between science and practitioners. Taken together, we propose a transformative early intervention paradigm for research and clinical care that could significantly enhance mental health in young people and initiate a shift towards the prevention of severe mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Uhlhaas
- Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Christopher G Davey
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, VIC, Australia
| | - Urvakhsh Meherwan Mehta
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Jai Shah
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - John Torous
- Division of Digital Psychiatry and Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Shelli Avenevoli
- Office of the Director, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Tolulope Bella-Awusah
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Andrew Chanen
- Orygen: National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Eric Y H Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Christoph U Correll
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Departments of Psychiatry and Molecular Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hostra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, NY, USA
| | - Kim Q Do
- Centre for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Helen L Fisher
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- ESRC Centre for Society and Mental Health, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Sophia Frangou
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Ian B Hickie
- Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Matcheri S Keshavan
- Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kerstin Konrad
- Child Neuropsychology Section, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, RWTH, Aachen, Germany
- JARA-Brain Institute II, Molecular Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, Research Center Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Francis S Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Cornell Medicall College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Cindy H Liu
- Departments of Pediatrics and Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Beatriz Luna
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Patrick D McGorry
- Orygen: National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Merete Nordentoft
- CORE-Copenhagen Research Centre for Mental Health, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Department of Clinical Medicine, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Dost Öngür
- McLean Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - George C Patton
- Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Tomáš Paus
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte Justine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Psychology and Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ulrich Reininghaus
- Department of Public Mental Health, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
- Centre for Epidemiology and Public Health, Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Akira Sawa
- The John Hopkins Schizophrenia Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michael Schoenbaum
- Division of Service and Intervention Research, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Gunter Schumann
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Stratified Medicine, ISTBI, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Vinod H Srihari
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Program for Specialized Treatment Early in Psychosis (STEP), New Haven, VIC, USA
| | - Ezra Susser
- Departments of Epidemiology and Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Swapna K Verma
- Department of Psychosis, Institute of Mental Health, Buangkok, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - T Wilson Woo
- Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Laboratory for Cellular Neuropathology, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lawrence H Yang
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, New York University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alison R Yung
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Stephen J Wood
- Orygen: National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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14
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Byrne ML, Vijayakumar N, Chavez SJ, Flournoy JC, Cheng TW, Mills KL, Barendse MEA, Mobasser A, Flannery JE, Nelson BW, Wang W, Shirtcliff EA, Allen NB, Pfeifer JH. Associations between multi-method latent factors of puberty and brain structure in adolescent girls. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2023; 60:101228. [PMID: 36934604 PMCID: PMC10031110 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2023.101228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Pubertal processes are associated with structural brain development, but studies have produced inconsistent findings that may relate to different measurements of puberty. Measuring both hormones and physical characteristics is important for capturing variation in neurobiological development. The current study explored associations between cortical thickness and latent factors from multi-method pubertal data in 174 early adolescent girls aged 10-13 years in the Transitions in Adolescent Girls (TAG) Study. Our multi-method approach used self-reported physical characteristics and hormone levels (dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), testosterone (T), and estradiol (E2) from saliva) to estimate an overall pubertal factor and for each process of adrenarche and gonadarche. There were negative associations between the overall puberty factor representing later stage and thickness in the posterior cortex, including the occipital cortices and extending laterally to the parietal lobe. However, the multi-method latent factor had weaker cortical associations when examining the adnearcheal process alone, suggesting physical characteristics and hormones capture different aspects of neurobiological development during adrenarche. Controlling for age weakened some of these associations. These findings show that associations between pubertal stage and cortical thickness differ depending on the measurement method and the pubertal process, and both should be considered in future confirmatory studies on the developing brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle L Byrne
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton VIC, Australia; Department of Psychology, the University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA.
| | - Nandita Vijayakumar
- Deakin University, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Geelong, VIC, Australia; Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | | | - John C Flournoy
- Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Theresa W Cheng
- Psychiatric & Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kathryn L Mills
- Department of Psychology, the University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA; PROMENTA Research Center, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Marjolein E A Barendse
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of California Davis, CA, USA
| | - Arian Mobasser
- Department of Psychology, the University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
| | | | | | - Wen Wang
- Department of Psychology, the University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
| | | | - Nicholas B Allen
- Department of Psychology, the University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
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15
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Rakesh D, Allen NB, Whittle S. Longitudinal changes in within-salience network functional connectivity mediate the relationship between childhood abuse and neglect, and mental health during adolescence. Psychol Med 2023; 53:1552-1564. [PMID: 34429171 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291721003135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the neurobiological underpinnings of childhood maltreatment is vital given consistent links with poor mental health. Dimensional models of adversity purport that different types of adversity likely have distinct neurobiological consequences. Adolescence is a key developmental period, during which deviations from normative neurodevelopment may have particular relevance for mental health. However, longitudinal work examining links between different forms of maltreatment, neurodevelopment, and mental health is limited. METHODS In the present study, we explored associations between abuse, neglect, and longitudinal development of within-network functional connectivity of the salience (SN), default mode (DMN), and executive control network in 142 community residing adolescents. Resting-state fMRI data were acquired at age 16 (T1; M = 16.46 years, s.d. = 0.52, 66F) and 19 (T2; mean follow-up period: 2.35 years). Mental health data were also collected at T1 and T2. Childhood maltreatment history was assessed prior to T1. RESULTS Abuse and neglect were both found to be associated with increases in within-SN functional connectivity from age 16 to 19. Further, there were sex differences in the association between neglect and changes in within-DMN connectivity. Finally, increases in within-SN connectivity were found to mediate the association between abuse/neglect and lower problematic substance use and higher depressive symptoms at age 19. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that childhood maltreatment is associated with altered neurodevelopmental trajectories, and that changes in salience processing may be linked with risk and resilience for the development of depression and substance use problems during adolescence, respectively. Further work is needed to understand the distinct neurodevelopmental and mental health outcomes of abuse and neglect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divyangana Rakesh
- Department of Psychiatry, Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Nicholas B Allen
- Department of Psychology, The University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
| | - Sarah Whittle
- Department of Psychiatry, Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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16
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Cooper R, Di Biase MA, Bei B, Allen NB, Schwartz O, Whittle S, Cropley V. Development of morning-eveningness in adolescence: implications for brain development and psychopathology. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2023; 64:449-460. [PMID: 36325967 PMCID: PMC10952670 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Morning-evening preference is defined as an individual's preference for a morning- or evening-oriented rhythm. Across adolescence, a preference for eveningness becomes more predominant. Although eveningness is cross-sectionally associated with internalizing and externalizing psychopathology, few studies have examined developmental changes in eveningness and its potential biological substrates. Here, we investigated the longitudinal relationships among the trajectory of eveningness preference, internalizing and externalizing psychopathology and white matter development, across adolescence. METHODS Two-hundred and nine adolescents (49% male) were assessed longitudinally at four separate time points between 12 and 19 years of age. Morning-evening preference and internalizing and externalizing symptoms were assessed at each time point. Diffusion-weighted images were acquired on a subset of participants at the final two time points to estimate changes in global mean fractional anisotropy (FA). Linear mixed models were performed to estimate the change in eveningness over time. A series of linear regression models assessed the influence of change in eveningness on psychopathology and white matter development at age 19. RESULTS Across the sample, a preference for eveningness became more predominant by 19 years of age. Greater individual-level change towards eveningness significantly predicted greater severity in externalizing, but not internalizing, symptoms at 19 years of age. In contrast, change in psychopathology from 12 to 19 years of age was not associated with morning-eveningness at age 19. A change towards eveningness predicted an attenuated increase in FA between 17 and 19 years of age. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that developmental changes in morning-evening preference may predict both neurodevelopmental and psychological outcomes in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Cooper
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry CentreThe University of Melbourne and Melbourne HealthMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Maria A. Di Biase
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry CentreThe University of Melbourne and Melbourne HealthMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Bei Bei
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological SciencesMonash UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | | | - Orli Schwartz
- Orygen Centre for Youth Mental HealthMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Sarah Whittle
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry CentreThe University of Melbourne and Melbourne HealthMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Vanessa Cropley
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry CentreThe University of Melbourne and Melbourne HealthMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
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17
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Chow SM, Nahum-Shani I, Baker JT, Spruijt-Metz D, Allen NB, Auerbach RP, Dunton GF, Friedman NP, Intille SS, Klasnja P, Marlin B, Nock MK, Rauch SL, Pavel M, Vrieze S, Wetter DW, Kleiman EM, Brick TR, Perry H, Wolff-Hughes DL. The ILHBN: challenges, opportunities, and solutions from harmonizing data under heterogeneous study designs, target populations, and measurement protocols. Transl Behav Med 2023; 13:7-16. [PMID: 36416389 PMCID: PMC9853092 DOI: 10.1093/tbm/ibac069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The ILHBN is funded by the National Institutes of Health to collaboratively study the interactive dynamics of behavior, health, and the environment using Intensive Longitudinal Data (ILD) to (a) understand and intervene on behavior and health and (b) develop new analytic methods to innovate behavioral theories and interventions. The heterogenous study designs, populations, and measurement protocols adopted by the seven studies within the ILHBN created practical challenges, but also unprecedented opportunities to capitalize on data harmonization to provide comparable views of data from different studies, enhance the quality and utility of expensive and hard-won ILD, and amplify scientific yield. The purpose of this article is to provide a brief report of the challenges, opportunities, and solutions from some of the ILHBN's cross-study data harmonization efforts. We review the process through which harmonization challenges and opportunities motivated the development of tools and collection of metadata within the ILHBN. A variety of strategies have been adopted within the ILHBN to facilitate harmonization of ecological momentary assessment, location, accelerometer, and participant engagement data while preserving theory-driven heterogeneity and data privacy considerations. Several tools have been developed by the ILHBN to resolve challenges in integrating ILD across multiple data streams and time scales both within and across studies. Harmonization of distinct longitudinal measures, measurement tools, and sampling rates across studies is challenging, but also opens up new opportunities to address cross-cutting scientific themes of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sy-Miin Chow
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Inbal Nahum-Shani
- Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Justin T Baker
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Boson, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boson, MA, USA
| | - Donna Spruijt-Metz
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Center for Economic and Social Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Randy P Auerbach
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Genevieve F Dunton
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Naomi P Friedman
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Stephen S Intille
- Khoury College of Computer Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
- Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Predrag Klasnja
- School of Information, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Benjamin Marlin
- College of Information and Computer Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Matthew K Nock
- Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Franciscan Children’s, Boston, MA, USA
- Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Scott L Rauch
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Boson, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boson, MA, USA
| | - Misha Pavel
- Khoury College of Computer Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
- Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Scott Vrieze
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - David W Wetter
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Evan M Kleiman
- Department of Psychology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Timothy R Brick
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Institute for Computational and Data Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Heather Perry
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
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18
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Johnson LG, Kearney MM, Allen NB, Adams SB. Three-Year Follow-Up of a Traumatic Critical-Sized Tibial Bone Defect Treated with a 3D Printed Titanium Cage: A Case Report. JBJS Case Connect 2023; 13:01709767-202303000-00048. [PMID: 36812355 DOI: 10.2106/jbjs.cc.22.00077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
CASE We report a case involving a 21-year-old woman who sustained a Grade III open pilon fracture of the left ankle during a motor vehicle accident that resulted in a 12-cm critical-sized bone defect (CSD) that was successfully treated with a three-dimensional (3D) printed titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) cage, a tibiotalocalcaneal intramedullary nail, and autogenous and allograft bone. The patient's reported outcome measures were comparable with those reported for non-CSD injuries at 3-year follow-up. The authors conclude that 3D printed titanium cages offers a unique approach to traumatic limb salvage for tibial CSD. CONCLUSIONS 3D printing offers a novel solution to CSDs. To the best of our knowledge, this case report details the largest 3D printed cage, to date, used to treat tibial bone loss. This report describes a unique approach to traumatic limb salvage with favorable patient-reported outcomes and evidence of radiographic fusion at a 3-year follow up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey G Johnson
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,Campbell University School of Osteopathic Medicine, Lillington, North Carolina
| | - Molly M Kearney
- Campbell University School of Osteopathic Medicine, Lillington, North Carolina
| | - Nicholas B Allen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Samuel B Adams
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
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19
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Cunningham DJ, Wixted CM, Allen NB, Hanselman AE, Adams SB. The Impact of Time and State Opioid Legislation on Opioid Prescription Filling in Total Ankle Arthroplasty. J Foot Ankle Surg 2022; 62:156-161. [PMID: 35798644 DOI: 10.1053/j.jfas.2022.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) is an increasingly utilized treatment for ankle arthritis, and opioids are commonly used as part of perioperative pain control. However, many states have enacted opioid-limiting legislation to reduce perioperative opioid prescribing. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of time and state legislation on perioperative opioid prescribing in TAA. This study is a retrospective, observational review of 90-day perioperative opioid prescribing in 1,829 patients undergoing TAA throughout the United States using a large insurance database. Initial and cumulative volumes and rates of opioid prescription filling were recorded along with baseline patient and operative characteristics. Dates of state legislation enactment were also recorded. Student t-tests, analysis of variance, and multivariable linear and logistic regression were utilized to analyze the impact of time and state legislation on opioid prescription filling. In the 90-day perioperative time period, initial and cumulative opioid prescription filling in oxycodone 5-mg equivalents has decreased significantly from 2010 (63.8 initial and 163.3 cumulative) to 2019 (41.1 initial and 67.2 cumulative). States with opioid-limiting legislation saw larger and more significant reductions in initial and cumulative opioid prescription filling preact to postact (63.3-50.6 with legislation vs 61.4-51.9 without legislation initial and 146.4-93.3 with legislation vs 125.1-108.6 without legislation cumulative). This study demonstrates that foot and ankle surgeons in states with opioid-limiting legislation have responded by significantly reducing 90-day perioperative opioid prescribing in TAA. These results encourage states without legislation to enact opioid-specific laws to reduce opioid prescribing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Colleen M Wixted
- Medical Student, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University, Durham, NC
| | - Nicholas B Allen
- Research Assistant, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University, Durham, NC
| | - Andrew E Hanselman
- Assistant Professor, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University, Durham, NC
| | - Samuel B Adams
- Associate Professor, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University, Durham, NC
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20
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Colich NL, Hanford LC, Weissman DG, Allen NB, Shirtcliff EA, Lengua LJ, Sheridan MA, McLaughlin KA. Childhood trauma, earlier pubertal timing, and psychopathology in adolescence: The role of corticolimbic development. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2022; 59:101187. [PMID: 36640624 PMCID: PMC9842860 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2022.101187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Earlier pubertal development appears to be one pathway through which childhood trauma contributes to psychopathology in adolescence. Puberty-related changes in neural networks involved in emotion processing, namely the amygdala-medial prefrontal (mPFC) circuit, may be a potential mechanism linking trauma and adolescent psychopathology. Our participants were 227 youth between 10 and 13 years of age who completed assessments of threat and deprivation-related experiences of adversity, pubertal stage, and internalizing and externalizing symptoms. A subset (n = 149) also underwent a functional MRI scan while passively viewing fearful and calm faces. Potential mechanisms linking childhood trauma with psychopathology, encompassing earlier pubertal timing and neural response to aversive stimuli were explored. Earlier pubertal development was associated with childhood trauma as well as increased externalizing symptoms in boys only. Earlier pubertal timing in males and females was negatively associated with activation in bilateral amygdala, hippocampal, and fusiform regions when comparing fearful and calm faces. However, amygdala-mPFC connectivity showed no association with pubertal timing or psychopathology symptoms. These findings do not support accelerated amygdala-mPFC development as a mechanism linking childhood trauma and psychopathology, but instead provide support for the role of pubertal development in normative decreases in limbic activation across development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie L. Colich
- Department of Psychology, Harvard University, USA,Corresponding author.
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Margaret A. Sheridan
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA
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21
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Whittle S, Pozzi E, Rakesh D, Kim JM, Yap MBH, Schwartz OS, Youssef G, Allen NB, Vijayakumar N. Harsh and Inconsistent Parental Discipline Is Associated With Altered Cortical Development in Children. Biol Psychiatry Cogn Neurosci Neuroimaging 2022; 7:989-997. [PMID: 35158076 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2022.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A growing body of evidence suggests that parenting behaviors may affect child mental health via altering brain development. There is a scarcity of research, however, that has investigated associations between parenting behavior and brain structure using longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging. This study aimed to investigate associations between parenting behaviors and structural brain development across the transition from childhood to adolescence. METHODS Participants were 246 children who provided 436 magnetic resonance imaging datasets covering the age range from 8 to 13 years. Parents (94% mothers) completed self-report measures of parenting behavior, and both children and parents reported on child mental health. Factor analysis was used to identify dimensions of parental behavior. Linear mixed-effects models investigated associations between parenting behaviors and age-related change in cortical thickness and surface area and subcortical volume. Mediation models tested whether brain changes mediated associations between parenting behaviors and changes in internalizing/externalizing symptoms. RESULTS Hypothesized associations between parenting and amygdala, hippocampal, and frontal trajectories were not supported. Rather, higher levels of parent harsh/inconsistent discipline were associated with decreases in surface area in medial parietal and temporal pole regions and reduced cortical thinning in medial parietal regions. Some effects were present in female but not male children. There were no associations between these neurodevelopmental alterations and symptoms. CONCLUSIONS This study provides insight into the links between parenting behavior and child neurodevelopment. Given the functions of implicated regions, findings may suggest that parental harsh/inconsistent discipline affects the development of neural circuits subserving sensorimotor and social functioning in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Whittle
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Elena Pozzi
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Divyangana Rakesh
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Julia Minji Kim
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Marie B H Yap
- School of Psychological Science, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Orli S Schwartz
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Orygen, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - George Youssef
- Department of Psychology, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia
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22
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Richmond S, Beare R, Johnson KA, Bray K, Pozzi E, Allen NB, Seal ML, Whittle S. Maternal warmth is associated with network segregation across late childhood: A longitudinal neuroimaging study. Front Psychol 2022; 13:917189. [PMID: 36176802 PMCID: PMC9514138 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.917189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The negative impact of adverse experiences in childhood on neurodevelopment is well documented. Less attention however has been given to the impact of variations in “normative” parenting behaviors. The influence of these parenting behaviors is likely to be marked during periods of rapid brain reorganization, such as late childhood. The aim of the current study was to investigate associations between normative parenting behaviors and the development of structural brain networks across late childhood. Data were collected from a longitudinal sample of 114 mother-child dyads (54% female children, M age 8.41 years, SD = 0.32 years), recruited from low socioeconomic areas of Melbourne, Australia. At the first assessment parenting behaviors were coded from two lab-based interaction tasks and structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of the children were performed. At the second assessment, approximately 18 months later (M age 9.97 years, SD = 0.37 years) MRI scans were repeated. Cortical thickness (CT) was extracted from T1-weighted images using FreeSurfer. Structural covariance (SC) networks were constructed from partial correlations of CT estimates between brain regions and estimates of network efficiency and modularity were obtained for each time point. The change in these network measures, from Time 1 to Time 2, was also calculated. At Time 2, less positive maternal affective behavior was associated with higher modularity (more segregated networks), while negative maternal affective behavior was not related. No support was found for an association between local or global efficacy and maternal affective behaviors at Time 2. Similarly, no support was demonstrated for associations between maternal affective behaviors and change in network efficiency and modularity, from Time 1 to Time 2. These results indicate that normative variations in parenting may influence the development of structural brain networks in late childhood and extend current knowledge about environmental influences on structural connectivity in a developmental context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally Richmond
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- *Correspondence: Sally Richmond,
| | - Richard Beare
- Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Katherine A. Johnson
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Katherine Bray
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Elena Pozzi
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Nicholas B. Allen
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, United States
| | - Marc L. Seal
- Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Sarah Whittle
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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23
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Smidt AM, Blake MJ, Latham MD, Allen NB. Effects of Automated Diurnal Variation in Electronic Screen Temperature on Sleep Quality in Young Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Behav Sleep Med 2022; 20:513-529. [PMID: 34176370 DOI: 10.1080/15402002.2021.1940183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Determine whether automated changes in electronic screen color temperature of personal electronic devices is associated with changes in objective and self-reported indices of sleep and mental health in young adults, as well as determine feasibility and acceptability of the experimental manipulation. PARTICIPANTS A single-blind randomized controlled trial was conducted at a large public university in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. Fifty-five participants (female=78%, mean age=19.45 years) who reported using a smartphone and/or laptop computer two hours before bedtime were randomized into either an experimental group (EG; n=29) or active control group (ACG; n=26). METHODS Both the EG and ACG had installed on their devices a piece of software that automatically lowers the color temperature of these devices' screens as the day progresses ("f.lux"). However, only the EG had the blue-light-reducing features activated, and participants were blind to condition. Before and after the one-week long experimental manipulation period, participants completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Pediatric Daytime Sleepiness Scale (PDSS), Pre-Sleep Arousal Scale (PSAS), and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ) and wore an actiwatch for seven consecutive nights. RESULTS Participants in the EG did not show greater improvement in objective sleep, self-reported sleep, or mental health compared to participants in the ACG. Participants in the EG rated the software as more distracting and purposely disabled the software more often compared to participants in the ACG. CONCLUSIONS Automated diurnal variation in electronic screen temperature in personal devices did not improve sleep or mental health in young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alec M Smidt
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Matthew J Blake
- Melbourne School of Psychological Science, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Melissa D Latham
- Department of Psychology, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California
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24
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Garfield JB, Cheetham A, Allen NB, Sanfilippo PG, Lubman DI. Startle-elicited Event-Related Potentials to Affective Stimuli are Associated with Recent Illicit Opioid use among Patients Receiving Opioid Agonist Treatment. Clin EEG Neurosci 2022; 53:297-306. [PMID: 34971328 DOI: 10.1177/15500594211070100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Opioid use disorder (OUD) has been linked to exaggerated attentional, affective, and arousal responses to opioid-related stimuli, as well as altered responses to other affective (eg, naturally rewarding or aversive) stimuli, particularly blunted responses to pleasant/rewarding stimuli. Both exaggerated responses to drug-related stimuli and reduced response to pleasant stimuli may influence the course of OUD and its treatment, however interpretation of studies thus far is limited by methodological issues. In the present study, we examined subjective ratings, and attenuation of the P3 component of the acoustic startle-evoked event-related potential (as a measure of attention), while viewing neutral, pleasant, unpleasant, and drug-related images. Participants prescribed opioid agonist treatment (OAT) for OUD (n = 82) were compared to a carefully-matched control group (n = 33) and to recently-abstinent participants with OUD (n = 22). Relative to controls, participants prescribed OAT gave higher positive valence ratings of drug images, and blunted valence responses to other affective images, but groups did not differ in terms of arousal ratings or P3 amplitude. Within the OAT group, linear modeling of associations between frequency of recent illicit opioid use and startle P3 amplitude found an association between increased recent illicit opioid use and reduced attention to pleasant, relative to unpleasant, images. The latter finding may have implications for interventions targeting cognitive biases in people with substance use disorder. In particular, they suggest that enhancing attention to pleasant stimuli may be as, if not more important, than the typical approach of trying to reduce attentional bias to drug-related stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Bb Garfield
- Monash Addiction Research Centre, Eastern Health Clinical School, 2541Monash University, Australia.,Turning Point, 1890Eastern Health, Australia
| | - Ali Cheetham
- Monash Addiction Research Centre, Eastern Health Clinical School, 2541Monash University, Australia.,Turning Point, 1890Eastern Health, Australia
| | | | - Paul G Sanfilippo
- Monash Addiction Research Centre, Eastern Health Clinical School, 2541Monash University, Australia.,Turning Point, 1890Eastern Health, Australia
| | - Dan I Lubman
- Monash Addiction Research Centre, Eastern Health Clinical School, 2541Monash University, Australia.,Turning Point, 1890Eastern Health, Australia
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25
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Takahashi T, Sasabayashi D, Yücel M, Whittle S, Lorenzetti V, Walterfang M, Suzuki M, Pantelis C, Malhi GS, Allen NB. Different Frequency of Heschl’s Gyrus Duplication Patterns in Neuropsychiatric Disorders: An MRI Study in Bipolar and Major Depressive Disorders. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 16:917270. [PMID: 35769254 PMCID: PMC9234751 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.917270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
An increased prevalence of duplicated Heschl’s gyrus (HG) has been repeatedly demonstrated in various stages of schizophrenia as a potential neurodevelopmental marker, but it remains unknown whether other neuropsychiatric disorders also exhibit this macroscopic brain feature. The present magnetic resonance imaging study aimed to examine the disease specificity of the established finding of altered HG patterns in schizophrenia by examining independent cohorts of bipolar disorder (BD) and major depressive disorder (MDD). Twenty-six BD patients had a significantly higher prevalence of HG duplication bilaterally compared to 24 age- and sex-matched controls, while their clinical characteristics (e.g., onset age, number of episodes, and medication) did not relate to HG patterns. No significant difference was found for the HG patterns between 56 MDD patients and 33 age- and sex-matched controls, but the patients with a single HG were characterized by more severe depressive/anxiety symptoms compared to those with a duplicated HG. Thus, in keeping with previous findings, the present study suggests that neurodevelopmental pathology associated with gyral formation of the HG during the late gestation period partly overlaps between schizophrenia and BD, but that HG patterns may make a somewhat distinct contribution to the phenomenology of MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsutomu Takahashi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
- Research Center for Idling Brain Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
- *Correspondence: Tsutomu Takahashi,
| | - Daiki Sasabayashi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
- Research Center for Idling Brain Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Murat Yücel
- Brain Park, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Sarah Whittle
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Valentina Lorenzetti
- Neuroscience of Addiction and Mental Health Program, Healthy Brain and Mind Research Centre, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Mark Walterfang
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Michio Suzuki
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
- Research Center for Idling Brain Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Christos Pantelis
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- North Western Mental Health, Western Hospital Sunshine, St Albans, VIC, Australia
| | - Gin S. Malhi
- Academic Department of Psychiatry, Kolling Institute, Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- CADE Clinic, Royal North Shore Hospital, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | - Nicholas B. Allen
- Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, United States
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26
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Abar B, Kwon N, Allen NB, Lau T, Johnson LG, Gall K, Adams SB. Outcomes of Surgical Reconstruction Using Custom 3D-Printed Porous Titanium Implants for Critical-Sized Bone Defects of the Foot and Ankle. Foot Ankle Int 2022; 43:750-761. [PMID: 35209733 PMCID: PMC9177519 DOI: 10.1177/10711007221077113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Treating critically sized defects (CSDs) of bone remains a significant challenge in foot and ankle surgery. Custom 3D-printed implants are being offered to a small but growing subset of patients as a salvage procedure in lieu of traditional alternates such as structural allografts after the patient has failed prior procedures. The long-term outcomes of 3D-printed implants are still unknown and understudied because of the limited number of cases and short follow-up durations. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of patients who received custom 3D-printed implants to treat CSDs of the foot and ankle in an attempt to aid surgeons in selecting appropriate surgical candidates. METHODS This was a retrospective study to assess surgical outcomes of patients who underwent implantation of a custom 3D-printed implant made with medical-grade titanium alloy powder (Ti-6Al-4V) to treat CSDs of the foot and ankle between June 1, 2014, and September 30, 2019. All patients had failed previous nonoperative or operative management before proceeding with treatment with a custom 3D-printed implant. Univariate and multivariate odds ratios (ORs) of a secondary surgery and implant removal were calculated for perioperative variables. RESULTS There were 39 cases of patients who received a custom 3D-printed implant with at least 1 year of follow-up. The mean follow-up time was 27.0 (12-74) months. Thirteen of 39 cases (33.3%) required a secondary surgery and 10 of 39 (25.6%) required removal of the implant because of septic nonunion (6/10) or aseptic nonunion (4/10). The mean time to secondary surgery was 10 months (1-22). Multivariate logistic regression revealed that patients with neuropathy were more likely to require a secondary surgery with an OR of 5.76 (P = .03). CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that 74% of patients who received a custom 3D-printed implant for CSDs did not require as subsequent surgery (minimum of 1-year follow-up). Neuropathy was significantly associated with the need for a secondary surgery. This is the largest series to date demonstrating the efficacy of 3D-printed custom titanium implants. As the number of cases using patient-specific 3D-printed titanium implant increases, larger cohorts of patients should be studied to identify other high-risk groups and possible interventions to improve surgical outcomes. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level IV, case series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijan Abar
- Dept. of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC,Dept. of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC
| | - Nicholas Kwon
- Dept. of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Nicholas B. Allen
- Dept. of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Trent Lau
- Dept. of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC
| | - Lindsey G. Johnson
- Dept. of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Ken Gall
- Dept. of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC
| | - Samuel B. Adams
- Dept. of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
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27
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Lind MN, Kahn LE, Crowley R, Reed W, Wicks G, Allen NB. Re-introducing EARS: The Effortless Assessment Research System (Preprint). JMIR Ment Health 2022; 10:e38920. [PMID: 37099361 PMCID: PMC10173035 DOI: 10.2196/38920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper reintroduces the Effortless Assessment Research System (EARS), 4 years and 10,000 participants after its initial launch. EARS is a mobile sensing tool that affords researchers the opportunity to collect naturalistic, behavioral data via participants' naturalistic smartphone use. The first section of the paper highlights improvements made to EARS via a tour of EARS's capabilities-the most important of which is the expansion of EARS to the iOS operating system. Other improvements include better keyboard integration for the collection of typed text; full control of survey design and administration for research teams; and the addition of a researcher-facing EARS dashboard, which facilitates survey design, the enrollment of participants, and the tracking of participants. The second section of the paper goes behind the scenes to describe 3 challenges faced by the EARS developers-remote participant enrollment and tracking, keeping EARS running in the background, and continuous attention and effort toward data protection-and how those challenges shaped the design of the app.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika N Lind
- Center for Digital Mental Health, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, United States
| | - Lauren E Kahn
- Center for Digital Mental Health, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, United States
| | - Ryann Crowley
- Center for Digital Mental Health, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, United States
| | - Wyatt Reed
- Center for Digital Mental Health, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, United States
| | - Geordie Wicks
- Center for Digital Mental Health, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, United States
| | - Nicholas B Allen
- Center for Digital Mental Health, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, United States
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28
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Allen NB, Abar B, Danilkowicz RM, Kraus VB, Olson SA, Adams SB. Intra-Articular Synovial Fluid With Hematoma After Ankle Fracture Promotes Cartilage Damage In Vitro Partially Attenuated by Anti-Inflammatory Agents. Foot Ankle Int 2022; 43:426-438. [PMID: 34617803 DOI: 10.1177/10711007211046952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intra-articular ankle fracture (IAF) causes posttraumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA), but the exact mechanism is unknown. Proinflammatory mediators have been shown to be present in the synovial fluid fracture hematoma (SFFH) but have not been linked to cartilage damage. The purpose of this study was to determine if the SFFH causes cartilage damage and whether this damage can be attenuated by commercially available therapeutic agents. METHODS Synovial fluid was obtained from 54 IAFs and cultured with cartilage discs from the dome of fresh allograft human tali and randomly assigned to one of the following groups: (A) control-media only, (B) SFFH from days 0 to 2 after fracture, (C) SFFH from days 3 to 9, (D) SFFH from days 10 to 14, (E) group B + interleukin 1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra), and (F) group B + doxycycline. The cartilage discs underwent histological evaluation for cell survival and cartilage matrix components. The spent media were analyzed for inflammatory mediators. RESULTS Cartilage discs cultured with SFFH in groups B, C, and D demonstrated significantly increased production of cytokines, metalloproteinases (MMPs), and extracellular matrix breakdown products. Safranin O staining was significantly decreased in group B. The negative effects on cartilage were partially attenuated with the addition of either IL-1RA or doxycycline. There was no difference in chondrocyte survival among the groups. CONCLUSION Exposure of uninjured cartilage to IAF SFFH caused activation of cartilage damage pathways evident through cartilage disc secretion of inflammatory cytokines, MMPs, and cartilage matrix fragments. The addition of IL-1Ra or doxycycline to SFFH culture partially attenuated this response. CLINICAL RELEVANCE IAFs create an adverse intra-articular environment consisting of significantly increased levels of inflammatory cytokines and MMPs able to damage cartilage throughout the joint. These data suggest that the acute addition of specific inflammatory inhibitors may decrease the levels of these proinflammatory mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas B Allen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Bijan Abar
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.,Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Richard M Danilkowicz
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Virginia B Kraus
- Department of Medicine, Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Division of Rheumatology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Steven A Olson
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Samuel B Adams
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
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Barendse MEA, Allen NB, Sheeber L, Pfeifer JH. The Impact of Depression on Mothers' Neural Processing of Their Adolescents' Affective Behavior. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2022; 17:744-755. [PMID: 34999900 PMCID: PMC9340103 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsac001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression affects neural processing of emotional stimuli and could, therefore, impact parent–child interactions. However, the neural processes with which mothers with depression process their adolescents’ affective interpersonal signals and how this relates to mothers’ parenting behavior are poorly understood. Mothers with and without depression (N = 64 and N = 51, respectively; Mage = 40 years) from low-income families completed an interaction task with their adolescents (Mage = 12.8 years), which was coded for both individuals’ aggressive, dysphoric, positive and neutral affective behavior. While undergoing fMRI, mothers viewed video clips from this task of affective behavior from their own and an unfamiliar adolescent. Relative to non-depressed mothers, those with depression showed more aggressive and less positive affective behavior during the interaction task and more activation in the bilateral insula, superior temporal gyrus and striatum but less in the lateral prefrontal cortex while viewing aggressive and neutral affect. Findings were comparable for own and unfamiliar adolescents’ affect. Heightened limbic, striatal and sensory responses were associated with more aggressive and dysphoric parenting behavior during the interactions, while reduced lateral prefrontal activation was associated with less positive parenting behavior. These results highlight the importance of depressed mothers’ affective information processing for understanding mothers’ behavior during interactions with their adolescents.
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30
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Barendse MEA, Byrne ML, Flournoy JC, McNeilly EA, Williamson VG, Barrett AM, Chavez SJ, Shirtcliff EA, Allen NB, Pfeifer JH. Multimethod assessment of pubertal timing and associations with internalizing psychopathology in early adolescent girls. J Psychopathol Clin Sci 2022; 131:14-25. [PMID: 34941314 PMCID: PMC9439585 DOI: 10.1037/abn0000721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Early pubertal timing has consistently been associated with internalizing psychopathology in adolescent girls. Here, we aimed to examine whether the association between timing and mental health outcomes varies by measurement of pubertal timing and internalizing psychopathology, differs between adrenarcheal and gonadarcheal processes, and is stronger concurrently or prospectively. We assessed 174 female adolescents (age 10.0-13.0 at Time 1) twice, with an 18-month interval. Participants provided self-reported assessments of depression/anxiety symptoms and pubertal development, subjective pubertal timing, and date of menarche. Their parents/guardians also reported on the adolescent's pubertal development and subjective pubertal timing. We assessed salivary dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), testosterone, and estradiol levels and conducted clinical interviews to determine the presence of case level internalizing disorders. From these data, we computed 11 measures of pubertal timing at both time points, as well as seven measures of internalizing psychopathology, and entered these in a Specification Curve Analysis. Overall, earlier pubertal timing was associated with increased internalizing psychopathology. Associations were stronger prospectively than concurrently, suggesting that timing of early pubertal processes might be especially important for later risk of mental illness. Associations were strongest when pubertal timing was based on the Tanner Stage Line Drawings and when the outcome was case-level Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition (DSM-IV) depression or Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) distress disorders. Timing based on hormone levels was not associated with internalizing psychopathology, suggesting that psychosocial mechanisms, captured by timing measures of visible physical characteristics might be more meaningful determinants of internalizing psychopathology than biological ones in adolescent girls. Future research should precisely examine these psychosocial mechanisms. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michelle L. Byrne
- Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA,Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
| | - John C. Flournoy
- Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Nicholas B. Allen
- Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA,School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Byrne ML, Lind MN, Horn SR, Mills KL, Nelson BW, Barnes ML, Slavich GM, Allen NB. Using mobile sensing data to assess stress: Associations with perceived and lifetime stress, mental health, sleep, and inflammation. Digit Health 2021; 7:20552076211037227. [PMID: 34777852 PMCID: PMC8580497 DOI: 10.1177/20552076211037227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although stress is a risk factor for mental and physical health problems, it
can be difficult to assess, especially on a continual, non-invasive basis.
Mobile sensing data, which are continuously collected from naturalistic
smartphone use, may estimate exposure to acute and chronic stressors that
have health-damaging effects. This initial validation study validated a
mobile-sensing collection tool against assessments of perceived and lifetime
stress, mental health, sleep duration, and inflammation. Methods Participants were 25 well-characterized healthy young adults
(Mage = 20.64 years, SD = 2.74; 13 men, 12
women). We collected affective text language use with a custom smartphone
keyboard. We assessed participants’ perceived and lifetime stress,
depression and anxiety levels, sleep duration, and basal inflammatory
activity (i.e. salivary C-reactive protein and interleukin-1β). Results Three measures of affective language (i.e. total positive words, total
negative words, and total affective words) were strongly associated with
lifetime stress exposure, and total negative words typed was related to
fewer hours slept (all large effect sizes:
r = 0.50 – 0.78). Total positive words, total negative
words, and total affective words typed were also associated with higher
perceived stress and lower salivary C-reactive protein levels (medium effect
sizes; r = 0.22 – 0.32). Conclusions Data from this initial longitudinal validation study suggest that total and
affective text use may be useful mobile sensing measures insofar as they are
associated with several other stress, mental health, behavioral, and
biological outcomes. This tool may thus help identify individuals at
increased risk for stress-related health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle L Byrne
- Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, USA.,Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Australia
| | | | - Sarah R Horn
- Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, USA
| | | | - Benjamin W Nelson
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA
| | | | - George M Slavich
- Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology and Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Nicholas B Allen
- Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, USA.,School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Australia
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Danilkowicz RM, Allen NB, Grimm N, Nettles DL, Nunley JA, Easley ME, Adams SB. Histological and Inflammatory Cytokine Analysis of Osteochondral Lesions of the Talus After Failed Microfracture: Comparison With Fresh Allograft Controls. Orthop J Sports Med 2021; 9:23259671211040535. [PMID: 34734096 PMCID: PMC8558807 DOI: 10.1177/23259671211040535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The most common first-line treatment of osteochondral lesions of the talus (OLTs) is microfracture. Although many patients do well with this procedure, a number fail and require reoperation. The mechanism of failure of microfracture is unknown, and to our knowledge there has been no research characterizing failed microfracture regarding histological and inflammatory makeup of these lesions that may contribute to failure. Purpose: To characterize the structural and biochemical makeup of failed microfracture lesions. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: Specimens from 8 consecutive patients with symptomatic OLTs after microfracture who later underwent fresh osteochondral allograft transplantation were analyzed. For each patient, the failed microfracture specimen and a portion of the fresh allograft replacement tissue were collected. The allograft served as a control. Histology of the failed microfracture and the allograft replacement was scored using the Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) system. Surface roughness was also compared. In addition, tissue culture supernatants were analyzed for 16 secreted cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) responsible for inflammation, pain, cartilage damage, and chondrocyte death. Results: The OARSI grade, stage, and total score as well as surface smoothness were significantly worse in the failed microfracture sample, indicating better cartilage and bone morphology for the allografts compared with the failed microfracture lesions. Analyzed cytokines and MMPs were significantly elevated in the microfracture tissue culture supernatants when compared with fresh osteochondral tissue supernatants. Conclusion: These data demonstrate a significantly rougher cartilage surface, cartilage and subchondral bone histology that more closely resembles osteoarthritis, and elevated inflammatory cytokines and MMPs responsible for pain, inflammation, cartilage damage, and chondrocyte death when compared with fresh osteochondral allografts used as controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard M Danilkowicz
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Nicholas B Allen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Nate Grimm
- Idaho Sports Medicine Institute, Boise, Idaho, USA
| | - Dana L Nettles
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - James A Nunley
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Mark E Easley
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Samuel B Adams
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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33
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Nelson BW, Sheeber L, Pfeifer JH, Allen NB. Affective and Autonomic Reactivity During Parent-Child Interactions in Depressed and Non-Depressed Mothers and Their Adolescent Offspring. Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol 2021; 49:1513-1526. [PMID: 34142271 PMCID: PMC8483768 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-021-00840-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Depression presents risks that are profound and intergenerational, yet research on the association of depression with the physiological processes that might be associated with impaired mental and physical health has only recently been contextualized within the family environment. Participants in this multi-method case-control study were 180 mother-adolescent dyads (50% mothers with a history of depression treatment and current depressive symptoms). In order to examine the association between maternal depression and affective and autonomic reactivity amongst these mothers and their adolescent offspring we collected self-reported measures of positive and negative affect, as well as measures of cardiovascular and electrodermal autonomic activity, during mother-adolescent interaction tasks. Findings indicated that depressed mothers and their adolescent offspring exhibited greater self-reported negative affect reactivity during a problem-solving interaction and blunted (i.e., low) sympathetic activity as measured via skin conductance level across both interaction tasks. These effects remained significant after controlling for a range of potential covariates, including medication use, sex, age, adolescents own mental health symptoms, and behavior of the other interactant, along with correcting for multiple comparisons. Findings indicate that depressed mothers and their adolescent offspring both exhibit patterns of affect and physiology during interactions that are different from those of non-depressed mothers and their offspring, including increased negative affect reactivity during negative interactions and blunted sympathetic activity across both positive and negative interactions. These findings have potential implications for understanding the role of family processes in the intergenerational transmission of risk for depressive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin W Nelson
- Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA.
- Oregon Research Institute, Eugene, OR, USA.
- School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
- Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina At Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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34
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Goddings AL, Viner RM, Mundy L, Romaniuk H, Molesworth C, Carlin JB, Allen NB, Patton GC. Growth and adrenarche: findings from the CATS observational study. Arch Dis Child 2021; 106:967-974. [PMID: 33931399 PMCID: PMC8461445 DOI: 10.1136/archdischild-2020-319341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is increasing evidence that patterns of pubertal maturation are associated with different patterns of health risk. This study aimed to explore the associations between anthropometric measures and salivary androgen concentrations in pre-adolescent children. METHODS We analysed a stratified random sample (N=1151) of pupils aged 8-9 years old from 43 primary schools in Melbourne, Australia from the Childhood to Adolescence Transition Study. Saliva samples were assayed for dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), DHEA-sulfate and testosterone. Anthropometric measures included height, weight, body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference. Associations between (1) anthropometric measures and each androgen, and (2) hormone status with obesity and parental report of pubertal development were investigated using linear regression modelling with general estimating equations. RESULTS Greater height, weight, BMI and waist circumference were positively associated with higher androgen concentrations, after adjusting for sex and socioeconomic status. Being overweight or obese was associated with higher testosterone and DHEA concentrations compared with the normal BMI category. Those who were obese were more likely (OR=2.7, 95% CI 1.61 to 4.43, p<0.001) to be in the top tertile of age-adjusted androgen status in both sexes. CONCLUSION This study provides clear evidence for an association between obesity and higher androgen levels in mid-childhood. The adrenal transition may be a critical time period for weight management intervention strategies in order to manage the risk for metabolic problems in later life for high-risk individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Lise Goddings
- Population, Policy and Practice Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Russell M Viner
- Population, Policy and Practice Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Lisa Mundy
- Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia,Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Helena Romaniuk
- Biostatistics Unit, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia
| | - Charlotte Molesworth
- Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, The Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - John B Carlin
- Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, The Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia,Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nicholas B Allen
- School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia,Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA
| | - George C Patton
- Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia,Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Rakesh D, Cropley V, Zalesky A, Vijayakumar N, Allen NB, Whittle S. Neighborhood disadvantage and longitudinal brain-predicted-age trajectory during adolescence. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2021; 51:101002. [PMID: 34411954 PMCID: PMC8377545 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2021.101002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Neighborhood disadvantage has consistently been linked to alterations in brain structure; however, positive environmental (e.g., positive parenting) and psychological factors (e.g., temperament) may buffer these effects. We aimed to investigate associations between neighborhood disadvantage and deviations from typical neurodevelopmental trajectories during adolescence, and examine the moderating role of positive parenting and temperamental effortful control (EC). Using a large dataset (n = 1313), a normative model of brain morphology was established, which was then used to predict the age of youth from a longitudinal dataset (n = 166, three time-points at age 12, 16, and 19). Using linear mixed models, we investigated whether trajectories of the difference between brain-predicted-age and chronological age (brainAGE) were associated with neighborhood disadvantage, and whether positive parenting (positive behavior during a problem-solving task) and EC moderated these associations. We found that neighborhood disadvantage was associated with positive brainAGE during early adolescence and a deceleration (decreasing brainAGE) thereafter. EC moderated this association such that in disadvantaged adolescents, low EC was associated with delayed development (negative brainAGE) during late adolescence. Findings provide evidence for complex associations between environmental and psychological factors, and brain maturation. They suggest that neighborhood disadvantage may have long-term effects on neurodevelopment during adolescence, but high EC could buffer these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divyangana Rakesh
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Vanessa Cropley
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrew Zalesky
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Victoria, Australia; Melbourne School of Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | | | - Sarah Whittle
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Victoria, Australia.
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36
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Bray KO, Anderson V, Pantelis C, Pozzi E, Schwartz OS, Vijayakumar N, Richmond S, Deane C, Allen NB, Whittle S. Associations between cognitive and affective empathy and internalizing symptoms in late childhood. J Affect Disord 2021; 290:245-253. [PMID: 34010749 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Empathy is a multidimensional construct, which includes cognitive and affective components. Studies in adults have demonstrated that both cognitive and affective empathy are associated with anxious and depressive symptoms. The aim of this study was to examine these associations in childhood. METHODS Participants were 127 9- and 10-year-old children, recruited from the community. Self-report measures of cognitive and affective empathy, and internalizing symptoms were administered, as well as a task-based measure of cognitive empathy. RESULTS Canonical correlation analysis demonstrated that components of affective empathy, specifically affective sharing and empathic distress, were associated with internalizing (particularly social anxiety) symptoms (Rc = 0.63, non-parametric p < .001). Cognitive empathy was not associated with internalizing symptoms. LIMITATIONS Most of our findings were based around self-report measures of empathy, which may not accurately reflect empathy ability. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggests that children who share each other's emotions strongly are more likely to experience anxiety, particularly of a social nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine O Bray
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre (MNC), Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne & Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia; Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Vicki Anderson
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Murdoch Children's Research Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Christos Pantelis
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre (MNC), Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne & Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Elena Pozzi
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre (MNC), Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne & Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia; Orygen, Melbourne Australia, Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Orli S Schwartz
- Orygen, Melbourne Australia, Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Sally Richmond
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Camille Deane
- School of Psychology, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Sarah Whittle
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre (MNC), Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne & Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia
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Dandash O, Cherbuin N, Schwartz O, Allen NB, Whittle S. The long-term associations between parental behaviors, cognitive function and brain activation in adolescence. Sci Rep 2021; 11:11120. [PMID: 34045502 PMCID: PMC8160361 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90474-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Parenting behavior has a vital role in the development of the brain and cognitive abilities of offspring throughout childhood and adolescence. While positive and aggressive parenting behavior have been suggested to impact neurobiology in the form of abnormal brain activation in adolescents, little work has investigated the links between parenting behavior and the neurobiological correlates of cognitive performance during this age period. In the current longitudinal fMRI study, associations between parenting behaviors and cognitive performance and brain activation across mid- and late-adolescence were assessed. Observed measures of maternal aggressive and positive behavior were recorded in early adolescence (12 years) and correlated with fMRI activation and in-scanner behavioral scores on the multi-source interference task (MSIT) during mid- (16 years; 95 participants) and late-adolescence (19 years; 75 participants). There was a significant reduction in inhibitory-control-related brain activation in posterior parietal and cingulate cortices as participants transitioned from mid- to late-adolescence. Positive maternal behavior in early-adolescence was associated with lower activation in the left parietal and DLPFC during the MSIT in mid-adolescence, whereas maternal aggressive behavior was associated with longer reaction time to incongruent trials in late-adolescence. The study supports the notion that maternal behavior may influence subsequent neurocognitive development during adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orwa Dandash
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Level 3, Alan Gilbert Building, 161 Barry St, Carlton, VIC, 3053, Australia. .,Centre for Research on Ageing, Health and Wellbeing, ANU College of Health and Medicine, Acton, ACT, Australia.
| | - Nicolas Cherbuin
- Centre for Research on Ageing, Health and Wellbeing, ANU College of Health and Medicine, Acton, ACT, Australia
| | - Orli Schwartz
- Orygen, Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Nicholas B Allen
- Department of Psychology, The University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
| | - Sarah Whittle
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Level 3, Alan Gilbert Building, 161 Barry St, Carlton, VIC, 3053, Australia
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Rossetti MG, Mackey S, Patalay P, Allen NB, Batalla A, Bellani M, Chye Y, Conrod P, Cousijn J, Garavan H, Goudriaan AE, Hester R, Martin-Santos R, Solowij N, Suo C, Thompson PM, Yücel M, Brambilla P, Lorenzetti V. Sex and dependence related neuroanatomical differences in regular cannabis users: findings from the ENIGMA Addiction Working Group. Transl Psychiatry 2021; 11:272. [PMID: 33958576 PMCID: PMC8102553 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-021-01382-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Males and females show different patterns of cannabis use and related psychosocial outcomes. However, the neuroanatomical substrates underlying such differences are poorly understood. The aim of this study was to map sex differences in the neurobiology (as indexed by brain volumes) of dependent and recreational cannabis use. We compared the volume of a priori regions of interest (i.e., amygdala, hippocampus, nucleus accumbens, insula, orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), anterior cingulate cortex and cerebellum) between 129 regular cannabis users (of whom 70 were recreational users and 59 cannabis dependent) and 114 controls recruited from the ENIGMA Addiction Working Group, accounting for intracranial volume, age, IQ, and alcohol and tobacco use. Dependent cannabis users, particularly females, had (marginally significant) smaller volumes of the lateral OFC and cerebellar white matter than recreational users and controls. In dependent (but not recreational) cannabis users, there was a significant association between female sex and smaller volumes of the cerebellar white matter and OFC. Volume of the OFC was also predicted by monthly standard drinks. No significant effects emerged the other brain regions of interest. Our findings warrant future multimodal studies that examine if sex and cannabis dependence are specific key drivers of neurobiological alterations in cannabis users. This, in turn, could help to identify neural pathways specifically involved in vulnerable cannabis users (e.g., females with cannabis dependence) and inform individually tailored neurobiological targets for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Gloria Rossetti
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Scott Mackey
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Praveetha Patalay
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies and MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, IOE and Population Health Sciences, UCL, London, UK
| | | | - Albert Batalla
- Department of Psychiatry, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marcella Bellani
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Yann Chye
- BrainPark, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences & Monash Biomedical Imaging Facility, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Patricia Conrod
- Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montreal, CHU Ste Justine Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Janna Cousijn
- Department of Developmental Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hugh Garavan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Anna E Goudriaan
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Institute for Addiction Research, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Robert Hester
- School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Rocio Martin-Santos
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM and Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nadia Solowij
- School of Psychology and Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Chao Suo
- BrainPark, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences & Monash Biomedical Imaging Facility, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Paul M Thompson
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
| | - Murat Yücel
- BrainPark, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences & Monash Biomedical Imaging Facility, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Paolo Brambilla
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Lorenzetti
- Neuroscience of Addiction & Mental Health Program, Healthy Brain and Mind Research Centre, School of Behavioural & Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
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Mundy LK, Canterford L, Moreno-Betancur M, Hoq M, Sawyer SM, Allen NB, Patton GC. Social networking and symptoms of depression and anxiety in early adolescence. Depress Anxiety 2021; 38:563-570. [PMID: 33225486 DOI: 10.1002/da.23117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Use of social networking in later childhood and adolescence has risen quickly. The consequences of these changes for mental health are debated but require further empirical evaluation. METHODS Using data from the Childhood to Adolescence Transition Study (n = 1,156), duration of social networking use was measured annually at four time points from 11.9 to 14.8 years of age (≥1 h/day indicating high use). Cross-sectional and prospective relationships between social networking use and depressive and anxiety symptoms were examined. RESULTS In adjusted (age, socioeconomic status, prior mental health history) cross-sectional analyses, females with high social networking use had greater odds of depressive (odds ratio [OR]: 2.15; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.58-2.91) and anxiety symptoms (OR: 1.99; 95% CI: 1.32-3.00) than those that used a few minutes at most, while males with high social networking use had 1.60 greater odds of reporting depressive symptoms (95% CI: 1.09-2.35). For females, an increased odds of depressive symptoms at age 14.8 was observed for high social networking use at one previous wave and at two or three previous waves, even after adjustment (OR: 1.76; 95% CI: 1.11-2.78; OR: 2.06, 95% CI: 1.27-3.37, respectively) compared to no wave of high use. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest weak to moderate increased odds of depression and anxiety in girls and boys with high social networking use versus low/normal use. These findings indicate that prevention programs for early mental health problems might benefit from targeting social networking use in early adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa K Mundy
- Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Louise Canterford
- Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Margarita Moreno-Betancur
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Monsurul Hoq
- Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Susan M Sawyer
- Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nicholas B Allen
- Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA
| | - George C Patton
- Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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40
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Rossetti MG, Patalay P, Mackey S, Allen NB, Batalla A, Bellani M, Chye Y, Cousijn J, Goudriaan AE, Hester R, Hutchison K, Li CSR, Martin-Santos R, Momenan R, Sinha R, Schmaal L, Sjoerds Z, Solowij N, Suo C, van Holst RJ, Veltman DJ, Yücel M, Thompson PM, Conrod P, Garavan H, Brambilla P, Lorenzetti V. Gender-related neuroanatomical differences in alcohol dependence: findings from the ENIGMA Addiction Working Group. Neuroimage Clin 2021; 30:102636. [PMID: 33857771 PMCID: PMC8065340 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2021.102636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
We tested gender differences in brain volumes of alcohol dependent vs control groups. Group differences in brain volumes emerged as gross and widespread. Group-by-gender effects emerged in selected brain regions (cerebellum, amygdala) In dependent users, greater alcohol use predicted smaller amygdala and larger cerebellum GM volume. Our results highlight the need to account for gender differences in MRI studies of alcohol dependence.
Gender-related differences in the susceptibility, progression and clinical outcomes of alcohol dependence are well-known. However, the neurobiological substrates underlying such differences remain unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate gender differences in the neuroanatomy (i.e. regional brain volumes) of alcohol dependence. We examined the volume of a priori regions of interest (i.e., orbitofrontal cortex, hippocampus, amygdala, nucleus accumbens, caudate, putamen, pallidum, thalamus, corpus callosum, cerebellum) and global brain measures (i.e., total grey matter (GM), total white matter (WM) and cerebrospinal fluid). Volumes were compared between 660 people with alcohol dependence (228 women) and 326 controls (99 women) recruited from the ENIGMA Addiction Working Group, accounting for intracranial volume, age and education years. Compared to controls, individuals with alcohol dependence on average had (3–9%) smaller volumes of the hippocampus (bilateral), putamen (left), pallidum (left), thalamus (right), corpus callosum, total GM and WM, and cerebellar GM (bilateral), the latter more prominently in women (right). Alcohol-dependent men showed smaller amygdala volume than control men, but this effect was unclear among women. In people with alcohol dependence, more monthly standard drinks predicted smaller amygdala and larger cerebellum GM volumes. The neuroanatomical differences associated with alcohol dependence emerged as gross and widespread, while those associated with a specific gender may be confined to selected brain regions. These findings warrant future neuroscience research to account for gender differences in alcohol dependence to further understand the neurobiological effects of alcohol dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Gloria Rossetti
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca'Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Praveetha Patalay
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies and MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, IOE and Population Health Sciences, UCL, United Kingdom
| | - Scott Mackey
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Nicholas B Allen
- Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, United States
| | - Albert Batalla
- Department of Psychiatry, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Marcella Bellani
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Yann Chye
- BrainPark, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, & Monash Biomedical Imaging Facility, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Janna Cousijn
- Department of Developmental Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anna E Goudriaan
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Institute for Addiction Research, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Neuroscience Research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Robert Hester
- School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Kent Hutchison
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Chiang-Shan R Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Rocio Martin-Santos
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM and Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Reza Momenan
- Clinical NeuroImaging Research Core, Office of the Clinical Director, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Rajita Sinha
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Lianne Schmaal
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Parkville, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Zsuzsika Sjoerds
- Cognitive Psychology Unit, Institute of Psychology & Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Nadia Solowij
- School of Psychology and Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Chao Suo
- BrainPark, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, & Monash Biomedical Imaging Facility, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ruth J van Holst
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Institute for Addiction Research, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Neuroscience Research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Dick J Veltman
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Murat Yücel
- BrainPark, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, & Monash Biomedical Imaging Facility, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Paul M Thompson
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Patricia Conrod
- Department of Psychiatry, Universite de Montreal, CHU Ste Justine Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Hugh Garavan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Paolo Brambilla
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca'Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy; Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Lorenzetti
- Neuroscience of Addiction and Mental Health Program, Healthy Brain and Mind Research Centre, School of Behavioural & Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
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Richmond S, Beare R, Johnson KA, Allen NB, Seal ML, Whittle S. Towards understanding neurocognitive mechanisms of parenting: Maternal behaviors and structural brain network organization in late childhood. Hum Brain Mapp 2021; 42:1845-1862. [PMID: 33528857 PMCID: PMC7978130 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A substantial body of knowledge suggests that exposure to adverse family environments - including violence and neglect - influences many aspects of brain development. Relatively less attention has been directed toward the influence of "normative" differences in parenting behaviors. Given the rapid brain reorganization during late childhood, parenting behaviors are particularly likely to impact the structure of the brain during this time. This study investigated associations between maternal parenting behaviors and the organization of structural brain networks in late childhood, as measured by structural covariance. One hundred and forty-five typically developing 8-year-olds and their mothers completed questionnaire measures and two observed interaction tasks; magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were obtained from the children. Measures of maternal negative, positive, and communicative behavior were derived from the interaction tasks. Structural covariance networks based on partial correlations between cortical thickness estimates were constructed and estimates of modularity were obtained using graph theoretical analysis. High levels of negative maternal behavior were associated with low modularity. Minimal support was found for an association between positive maternal behaviors and modularity and between maternal communicative behaviors and modularity. Our findings suggest that variation in negative maternal behavior is associated with the structural organization of brain networks in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally Richmond
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Richard Beare
- Department of Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Katherine A Johnson
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nicholas B Allen
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA
| | - Marc L Seal
- Department of Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department for Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sarah Whittle
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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Nelson BW, Sheeber L, Pfeifer J, Allen NB. Psychobiological markers of allostatic load in depressed and nondepressed mothers and their adolescent offspring. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2021; 62:199-211. [PMID: 32438475 PMCID: PMC8489515 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A substantial body of research has emerged suggesting that depression is strongly linked to poor physical health outcomes, which may be partly due to increased allostatic load across stress response systems. Interestingly, health risks associated with depression are also borne by the offspring of depressed persons. Our aim was to simultaneously investigate whether maternal depression is associated not only with increased allostatic load across cardiac control, inflammation, cellular aging, but also if this is transmitted to adolescent children, possibly increasing the risk for early onset of psychiatric conditions and disease in these offspring. METHODS A preregistered, case-control study of 180 low-income mothers (50% mothers depressed, 50% mothers nondepressed) and their adolescent offspring was conducted to determine how depressed mothers and their adolescent offspring systematically differ in terms of autonomic, sympathetic, and parasympathetic cardiac control; inflammation; cellular aging; and behavioral health in offspring, which are indicators suggestive of higher allostatic load. RESULTS Findings indicate that depressed mothers and their adolescent offspring differ in terms of comorbid mental and physical health risk profiles that are suggestive of higher allostatic load. Findings indicate that depressed mothers exhibit elevated resting heart rate and decreased heart rate variability, and adolescent offspring of depressed mothers exhibit greater mental health symptoms, elevated heart rate, and accelerated biological aging (shorter telomeres). These effects persisted after controlling for a range of potential covariates, including medication use, sex, age, and adolescents' own mental health symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Findings indicate that maternal depression is associated with increased allostatic load in depressed women and their adolescent children, possibly increasing risk for early onset of psychiatric conditions and disease in these offspring. Future research is needed to delineate why some biological systems are more impacted than others and to explore how findings might inform preventative programs targeted at adolescent offspring of depressed mothers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin W. Nelson
- Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
- Oregon Research Institute, Eugene, OR, USA
- School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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43
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Cunningham DJ, Steele JR, Allen NB, Nunley JA, Adams SB. The Impact of Preoperative Mental Health and Depression on Outcomes After Total Ankle Arthroplasty. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2021; 103:131-138. [PMID: 33298797 DOI: 10.2106/jbjs.20.00395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preoperative mental health and depression have been shown to negatively impact patient-reported outcome measures after a broad array of orthopaedic procedures including total ankle arthroplasty. The hypothesis for this study was that decreased Short Form (SF)-36 Mental Component Summary (MCS) scores will modulate the impact of depression on patient-reported outcome measures after total ankle arthroplasty. METHODS All patients undergoing primary total ankle arthroplasty between January 2007 and December 2016 who were enrolled into a prospective outcomes study and who had at least 1-year minimum study follow-up were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were separated into 4 groups based on the presence or absence of an SF-36 MCS score of <35 points and diagnosis of depression. SF-36 Physical Component Summary (PCS) and MCS scores, Short Musculoskeletal Function Assessment (SMFA) function and bother components, and visual analog scale (VAS) pain were collected preoperatively and in the 1 to 2-year follow-up. The Wilcoxon rank sum was used to assess differences in outcomes by depression and low preoperative MCS scores. Multivariable models were then constructed to evaluate between-group differences in change scores according to preoperative SF-36 MCS scores and a diagnosis of depression, with adjustment for baseline patient and treatment characteristics. RESULTS Patients with depression and those with low preoperative MCS scores had significantly worse final outcome scores along with reduced improvement in SF-36 PCS and VAS pain scores compared with patients without these risk factors. Among patients with depression, low preoperative MCS scores helped to differentiate patients with poor final outcome scores. Similarly, in patients with low preoperative MCS scores, depression helped to differentiate patients with poor final outcome scores. CONCLUSIONS Although patients achieved significant improvements in functional outcomes regardless of cohort, decreased preoperative mental health modulated the impact of depression on outcomes. Patients with diminished preoperative mental health and depression are at an increased risk for sustaining smaller improvements in outcomes. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Cunningham
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - John R Steele
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | | | - James A Nunley
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Samuel B Adams
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
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44
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Rakesh D, Lv J, Zalesky A, Allen NB, Lubman DI, Yücel M, Whittle S. Altered resting functional connectivity patterns associated with problematic substance use and substance use disorders during adolescence. J Affect Disord 2021; 279:599-608. [PMID: 33190110 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.10.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescence is typified by increasing rates of substance use and the development of substance use disorders (SUD). Aberrant connectivity between cortical regions involved in executive control, and subcortical regions has been suggested to be associated with SUD and problematic substance use among adolescents. Few studies, however, have investigated system-level or whole-brain functional connectivity (FC) in order to test this hypothesis. METHODS In a sample of 114 adolescents (mean age = 17.62 years, SD = 1.23, 61F) from the community, the present study used resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging and independent component analysis to study executive control-subcortical network (ECN-SCN) coupling in adolescent SUD (n=18) and problematic substance use (n=34). In addition, whole-brain FC analyses were also conducted. RESULTS Problematic substance use, but not SUD, was associated with increased negative ECN-SCN coupling (p = 0.026). The whole-brain FC analysis showed insula-associated hypoconnectivity in the SUD group (p = 0.037), which was negatively correlated with frequency of substance use. CONCLUSIONS Findings implicate different neural circuitry underlying adolescent SUD versus problematic use. Greater negative coupling between the SCN and ECN in adolescents with problematic substance use could underlie risk for future development of SUD or other mental health problems. Although we cannot infer directionality, hypoconnectivity within the insula in adolescents with SUD may indicate addiction-related alterations in interoceptive awareness or impairments in decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divyangana Rakesh
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Jinglei Lv
- School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Andrew Zalesky
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Victoria, Australia; Melbourne School of Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Nicholas B Allen
- Department of Psychology, The University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
| | - Dan I Lubman
- Department of Psychology, The University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA; Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Victoria, Australia; Turning Point, Eastern Health, Victoria, Australia
| | - Murat Yücel
- BrainPark, The Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences and Monash Biomedical Imaging Facility, Monash University, Australia
| | - Sarah Whittle
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Victoria, Australia; BrainPark, The Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences and Monash Biomedical Imaging Facility, Monash University, Australia.
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45
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Pfeifer JH, Allen NB. Puberty Initiates Cascading Relationships Between Neurodevelopmental, Social, and Internalizing Processes Across Adolescence. Biol Psychiatry 2021; 89:99-108. [PMID: 33334434 PMCID: PMC8494463 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2020.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Adolescence is a period of dramatic developmental transitions-from puberty-related changes in hormones, bodies, and brains to an increasingly complex social world. The concurrent increase in the onset of many mental disorders has prompted the search for key developmental processes that drive changes in risk for psychopathology during this period of life. Hormonal surges and consequent physical maturation linked to pubertal development in adolescence are thought to affect multiple aspects of brain development, social cognition, and peer relations, each of which have also demonstrated associations with risk for mood and anxiety disorders. These puberty-related effects may combine with other nonpubertal influences on brain maturation to transform adolescents' social perception and experiences, which in turn continue to shape both mental health and brain development through transactional processes. In this review, we focus on pubertal, neural, and social changes across the duration of adolescence that are known or thought to be related to adolescent-emergent disorders, specifically depression, anxiety, and deliberate self-harm (nonsuicidal self-injury). We propose a theoretical model in which social processes (both social cognition and peer relations) are critical to understanding the way in which pubertal development drives neural and psychological changes that produce potential mental health vulnerabilities, particularly (but not exclusively) in adolescent girls.
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Vijayakumar N, Youssef GJ, Allen NB, Anderson V, Efron D, Hazell P, Mundy L, Nicholson JM, Patton G, Seal ML, Simmons JG, Whittle S, Silk T. A longitudinal analysis of puberty-related cortical development. Neuroimage 2020; 228:117684. [PMID: 33385548 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The brain undergoes extensive structural changes during adolescence, concurrent to puberty-related physical and hormonal changes. While animal research suggests these biological processes are related to one another, our knowledge of brain development in humans is largely based on age-related processes. Thus, the current study characterized puberty-related changes in human brain structure, by combining data from two longitudinal neuroimaging cohorts. Beyond normative changes in cortical thickness, we examined whether individual differences in the rate of pubertal maturation (or "pubertal tempo") was associated with variations in cortical trajectories. Participants (N = 192; scans = 366) completed up to three waves of MRI assessments between 8.5 and 14.5 years of age, as well as questionnaire assessments of pubertal stage at each wave. Generalized additive mixture models were used to characterize trajectories of cortical development. Results revealed widespread linear puberty-related changes across much of the cortex. Many of these changes, particularly within the frontal and parietal cortices, were independent of age-related development. Males exhibiting faster pubertal tempo demonstrated greater thinning in the precuneus and frontal cortices than same-aged and -sex peers. Findings suggest that the unique influence of puberty on cortical development may be more extensive than previously identified, and also emphasize important individual differences in the coupling of these developmental processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nicholas B Allen
- Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, Eugene, USA; Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Vicki Anderson
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Clinical Sciences Research, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Australia; Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Daryl Efron
- Health Services, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Philip Hazell
- Discipline of Psychiatry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Lisa Mundy
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Australia
| | - Jan M Nicholson
- Judith Lumley Centre, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - George Patton
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Australia
| | - Marc L Seal
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Australia
| | - Julian G Simmons
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sarah Whittle
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Tim Silk
- School of Psychology, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Australia
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Murray G, Allen NB, Rawlings D, Trinder J. Seasonality and personality: a prospective investigation of Five Factor Model correlates of mood seasonality. Eur J Pers 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/per.462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to explore winter pattern seasonality of mood by investigating its Five Factor Model (FFM) correlates. The study was an advance on existing research in that seasonality was measured not as a retrospective self‐description of mood variation, but as a prospective pattern of current mood states in winter and summer (across two years). Based on contemporary theorizing about the structure and function of mood, Positive Affect (PA) was the mood construct selected for measurement. A seasonality score was calculated for each participant as the difference between summer mood levels and winter mood levels. The NEO‐FFI was administered at all four waves. Three hundred and three respondents from a random community sample in Melbourne, Australia, provided complete data. Regression analyses found that the adaptive trait Openness to Experience (O) was specifically associated with the tendency towards lowered mood in winter relative to summer. The vulnerability trait Neuroticism (N) was not a directional predictor of winter pattern seasonality, but was the sole predictor of absolute seasonality score. Findings are discussed in terms of two affective processes that may be involved in mood variation across the seasonal time frame: adaptive environmental sensitivity and endogenous mood variability. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greg Murray
- School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Australia
| | - Nicholas B. Allen
- Department of Psychology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - David Rawlings
- Department of Psychology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - John Trinder
- Department of Psychology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
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Borschmann R, Mundy LK, Canterford L, Moreno-Betancur M, Moran PA, Allen NB, Viner RM, Degenhardt L, Kosola S, Fedyszyn I, Patton GC. Self-harm in primary school-aged children: Prospective cohort study. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0242802. [PMID: 33253223 PMCID: PMC7703962 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction No prospective studies have examined the prevalence, antecedents or concurrent characteristics associated with self-harm in non-treatment-seeking primary school-aged children. Methods In this cohort study from Melbourne, Australia we assessed 1239 children annually from age 8–9 years (wave 1) to 11–12 years (wave 4) on a range of health, social, educational and family measures. Past-year self-harm was assessed at wave 4. We estimated the prevalence of self-harm and used multivariable logistic regression to examine associations with concurrent and antecedent factors. Results 28 participants (3% of the 1059 with self-harm data; 18 girls [3%], 10 boys [2%]) reported self-harm at age 11–12 years. Antecedent (waves 1–3) predictors of self-harm were: persistent symptoms of depression (sex-age-socioeconomic status adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 7.8; 95% confidence intervals [CI] 2.6 to 24) or anxiety (aOR: 5.1; 95%CI 2.1 to 12), frequent bullying victimisation (aOR: 24.6; 95%CI 3.8 to 158), and recent alcohol consumption (aOR: 2.9; 95%CI 1.2 to 7.1). Concurrent (wave 4) associations with self-harm were: having few friends (aOR: 8.7; 95%CI 3.2 to 24), poor emotional control (aOR: 4.2; 95%CI 1.9 to 9.6), antisocial behaviour (theft—aOR: 3.1; 95%CI 1.2 to 7.9; carrying a weapon—aOR: 6.9; 95%CI 3.1 to 15), and being in mid-puberty (aOR: 6.5; 95%CI 1.5 to 28) or late/post-puberty (aOR: 14.4; 95%CI 2.9 to 70). Conclusions The focus of intervention efforts aimed at preventing and reducing adolescent self-harm should extend to primary school-aged children, with a focus on mental health and peer relationships during the pubertal transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohan Borschmann
- Justice Health Unit, Centre for Health Equity, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - Lisa K. Mundy
- Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Louise Canterford
- Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Margarita Moreno-Betancur
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Global and Population Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Paul A. Moran
- Centre for Academic Mental Health, Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas B. Allen
- Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Russell M. Viner
- Children’s Policy Research Unit, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Louisa Degenhardt
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Silja Kosola
- Pediatric Research Center, Helsinki Children’s Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Izabela Fedyszyn
- Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - George C. Patton
- Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Nelson BW, Pettitt A, Flannery JE, Allen NB. Rapid assessment of psychological and epidemiological correlates of COVID-19 concern, financial strain, and health-related behavior change in a large online sample. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0241990. [PMID: 33175882 PMCID: PMC7657530 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 emerged in November 2019 leading to a global pandemic that has not only resulted in widespread medical complications and loss of life, but has also impacted global economies and transformed daily life. The current rapid response study in a convenience online sample quickly recruited 2,065 participants across the United States, Canada, and Europe in late March and early April 2020. Cross-sectional findings indicated elevated anxiety and depressive symptoms compared to historical norms, which were positively associated with COVID-19 concern more strongly than epidemiological data signifying risk (e.g., world and country confirmed cases). Employment loss was positively associated with greater depressive symptoms and COVID-19 concern, and depressive symptoms and COVID-19 concern were significantly associated with more stringent self-quarantine behavior. The rapid collection of data during the early phase of this pandemic is limited by under-representation of non-White and middle age and older adults. Nevertheless, these findings have implications for interventions to slow the spread of COVID-19 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin W. Nelson
- Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, United States of America
- School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
- Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, Chapel Hills, NC, United States of America
| | - Adam Pettitt
- Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, United States of America
| | - Jessica E. Flannery
- Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, United States of America
- School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
- Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, Chapel Hills, NC, United States of America
| | - Nicholas B. Allen
- Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, United States of America
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Abstract
Stress exposure is central to theories of suicide. To advance understanding of the relation between stress and suicide, we examined whether specific, theoretically-pertinent life stressors were differentially related to suicidal thinking versus suicidal behaviors among hospitalized adolescents. Participants were 197 (144 female) adolescents aged 13 to 19 years old (M = 15.61, SD = 1.48) recruited from an acute residential psychiatric treatment program. Participants were categorized into mutually exclusive groups: psychiatric controls (n = 38) with no lifetime history of suicide ideation or suicide attempts, suicide ideators (n = 99) with current ideation and no lifetime attempts, and suicide attempters (n = 60) with a lifetime history of suicide ideation and at least one attempt in the past month. Adolescents completed the Stress and Adversity Inventory for Adolescents (Adolescent STRAIN), which assessed life events and chronic difficulties occurring in five social-psychological categories: Interpersonal Loss, Physical Danger, Humiliation, Entrapment, and Role Change/Disruption. Additionally, they completed a structured interview and symptom questionnaires to capture concurrent psychopathology. Controlling for demographic and clinical covariates, only Interpersonal Loss events distinguished attempters from psychiatric controls (OR = 2.27) and ideators (OR = 1.49); no events or difficulties differentiated ideators from controls. These effects persisted when analyses were restricted to single attempters and when events following the most recent attempt were excluded. The findings elucidate potential social-environmental triggers of suicide. Ultimately, this may improve the identification of ideators most likely to make an attempt, enabling the deployment of targeted early interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy G Stewart
- Department of Psychology, Queen's University, 62 Arch Street, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada.
| | - Grant S Shields
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Erika C Esposito
- Department of Clinical and Social Sciences in Psychology, University of Rochester, P.O. Box 270266, Rochester, NY, 14627-0266, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Cosby
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, 401 Park Drive, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.,McLean Hospital, 115 Mill Street, Belmont, MA, 02478-9106, USA
| | - Nicholas B Allen
- Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, 1227 University Street, Eugene, OR, 97403, USA
| | - George M Slavich
- Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology and Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, UCLA Medical Plaza 300, Room 3156, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-7076, USA
| | - Randy P Auerbach
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY, 10032, USA.,Division of Clinical Developmental Neuroscience, Sackler Institute, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY, 10032, USA
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