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Woerner J, Chadwick SB, Antebi-Gruszka N, Siegel K, Schrimshaw EW. Negative Sexual Experiences Among Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who Have Sex with Men Using GPS-Enabled Hook-Up Apps and Websites. JOURNAL OF SEX RESEARCH 2023:1-16. [PMID: 38016029 PMCID: PMC11130079 DOI: 10.1080/00224499.2023.2269930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM) often use GPS-enabled dating apps and websites to facilitate in-person sexual encounters. Many of these encounters are positive and enjoyable. However, there is limited research on GBMSM's negative experiences with partners from hookup and dating apps/websites, especially those characterized by threats to GBMSM's sexual, physical, and/or psychological safety. In this report, we investigated this matter. We analyzed data from interviews with GBMSM (N = 60) and identified four categories of negative sexual experiences, each of which were comprised by sub-categories: 1) sexual violence (physical sexual assault, verbal sexual coercion, intoxicated assault/coercion), 2) sexual health risk behaviors (condom use resistance and coercion, deception related to HIV/STI status), 3) non-negotiated behaviors (undiscussed/unexpected sex acts, rough sex, sexualized racism, undesired substance use by the partner), and 4) threats to physical safety beyond sexual violence (being blocked from leaving, stalked, robbed, drugged). These results can inform future research and interventions that aim to promote safety on dating apps/websites within the GBMSM community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Woerner
- Departments of Sociology and Psychology, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL
| | - Sara B. Chadwick
- Department of Gender & Women’s Studies, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | | | - Karolynn Siegel
- Department of Sociomedical Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Eric W. Schrimshaw
- Department of Population Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL
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Skakoon-Sparling S, Card KG, Novick JR, Berlin GW, Lachowsky NJ, Adam B, Brennan DJ, Sang JM, Noor SW, Cox J, Moore DM, Grace D, Grey C, Daroya E, Hart TA. The relevance of communal altruism for sexual minority men in contemporary contexts. JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2023; 51:1461-1478. [PMID: 35932490 DOI: 10.1002/jcop.22923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
There are many reasons why individuals engage in prosocial behavior; communal sexual altruism is based on the notion that some practice safer sex in the interest of promoting the well-being of their community/in-group. Given that definitions of what constitutes "safer sex" have changed with advances in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention, we investigated the importance of communal sexual altruism (herein "altruism") among urban gay, bisexual, and other sexual minority men (GBM) in the contemporary context. Using a sample of 2449 GBM we examined the association of both safer-sex-related attitudes (e.g., HIV treatment optimism-skepticism) and behaviors (e.g., condomless anal sex [CAS]) with altruism scores. Higher altruism scores were associated with a lower likelihood of CAS and a greater frequency of discussing HIV status with new partners. These findings demonstrate that many GBM are motivated to engage in several kinds of behaviors that improve the well-being of their in-group (i.e., the GBM community).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shayna Skakoon-Sparling
- Department of Psychology, Toronto Metropolitan University (formerly Ryerson), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kiffer G Card
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jake R Novick
- Department of Psychology, Toronto Metropolitan University (formerly Ryerson), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Graham W Berlin
- Department of Psychology, Toronto Metropolitan University (formerly Ryerson), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nathan J Lachowsky
- School of Public Health and Social Policy, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
- British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Barry Adam
- Department of Sociology, Anthropology, and Criminology, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada
| | - David J Brennan
- Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jordan M Sang
- British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Syed W Noor
- Department of Kinesiology & Health Science, Louisiana State University Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA
| | - Joseph Cox
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics & Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Direction régionale de santé publique de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - David M Moore
- British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Daniel Grace
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cornel Grey
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Emerich Daroya
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Trevor A Hart
- Department of Psychology, Toronto Metropolitan University (formerly Ryerson), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Psychopathic traits predict lower adherence to COVID-19 containment measures. CURRENT RESEARCH IN BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES 2022. [PMID: 37521505 PMCID: PMC9365514 DOI: 10.1016/j.crbeha.2022.100082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Countries worldwide have implemented measures to contain the spread of COVID-19, and it is vital to understand which factors influence compliance to these measures. This study investigated whether psychopathic traits predict adherence to containment measures imposed by the UK government. 156 university students (Mage=21 years) completed an online survey measuring psychopathic traits (the Triarchic Psychopathy Measure), demographic variables, and participants’ living situations, underlying health risks, contact with vulnerable people and fear of COVID-19. Hierarchical multiple regression indicated that higher psychopathic traits (particularly disinhibition) predicted lower adherence to containment measures when controlling for other variables. A mixed-model ANOVA analysing longitudinal data, collected during the second (n=156) and third (n=118) lockdowns, showed that this relationship was stable over time. Additionally, fear of COVID-19 predicted adherence and mediated the relationship between psychopathic traits and adherence. These findings highlight the relevance of psychopathic traits for understanding COVID-19-related behaviours, with implications for public health communication.
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Blagov PS. Adaptive and Dark Personality in the COVID-19 Pandemic: Predicting Health-Behavior Endorsement and the Appeal of Public-Health Messages. SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PERSONALITY SCIENCE 2021; 12:697-707. [PMID: 38602980 PMCID: PMC7342937 DOI: 10.1177/1948550620936439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Who embraces directions to socially distance, boost hygiene, and protect others during a pandemic of contagious respiratory disease? Do differently phrased public-health messages appeal to different people? I based predictions on the five-factor, triarchic psychopathy, and Dark Triad models of normal-range and dark traits; the extended parallel process model (EPPM); and schema-congruence theory. In a survey of 502 online participants, normal-range traits (esp agreeableness and conscientiousness) predicted endorsement of social distancing and hygiene, as well as the appeal of health messages in general. Consistent with the EPPM, conscientiousness and neuroticism had an interaction. Dark traits (esp psychopathy, meanness, and disinhibition) predicted low endorsement of health behaviors and the intent to knowingly expose others to risk. Most participants preferred a message appealing to compassion ("Help protect the vulnerable…"), but dark traits predicted lower appeal of that message. Personality appears relevant to epidemiology and public-health communication in a contagious-disease context.
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Caballero-Suárez NP, Candela Iglesias M, Rodríguez Estrada E, Reyes Terán G, Riveros Rosas A. Effects of cognitive-behavioural therapy on anxiety, depression and condom use in people with HIV in Mexico City: a pilot study. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2018; 24:115-125. [PMID: 30092711 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2018.1503694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Anxiety and depression in people living with HIV (PLWH) are negatively associated with healthy sexual behaviours. We pilot-tested a Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy (CBT)-based intervention to reduce anxiety and depression, aimed to increase serostatus disclosure to sexual partners, quality of sexual life (QoSL) and condom use. The study had a single-case experimental design (AB) with follow-up measures. Eleven PLWH with moderate/severe anxiety/depression received six-module CBT intervention delivered in ten one-hour individual weekly sessions. Anxiety, depression, consistent/correct condom use and QoSL were measured. Depression and anxiety decreased after the intervention (depression baseline [BL] Mdn = 21, final [F] Mdn = 3, z = -2.934, p = .003; anxiety BL Mdn = 30, F Mdn = 4, z = -2.941, p = .003). QoSL improved (BL Mdn = 28, F Mdn = 13, z = -2.625, p = .009), along with participants' ability to use condoms (57.14 vs.100, z = -2.937, p = .003). Effect size was large, changes were maintained at follow-up measurements. The CBT intervention had positive effects in reducing anxiety and depression, which could facilitate the acquisition of healthy sexual behaviours. Further studies are important to clarify the benefits of targeting emotional variables to improve wellbeing and prevention behaviours in PLWH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Patricia Caballero-Suárez
- a Departamento de Investigación en Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIENI) , Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias (INER) , Mexico City , Mexico
| | - María Candela Iglesias
- a Departamento de Investigación en Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIENI) , Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias (INER) , Mexico City , Mexico
| | - Evelyn Rodríguez Estrada
- a Departamento de Investigación en Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIENI) , Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias (INER) , Mexico City , Mexico
| | - Gustavo Reyes Terán
- a Departamento de Investigación en Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIENI) , Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias (INER) , Mexico City , Mexico
| | - Angélica Riveros Rosas
- b Facultad de Contaduría y Administración , Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) , Mexico City , Mexico
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Benotsch EG, Sawyer AN, Martin AM, Allen ES, Nettles CD, Richardson D, Rietmeijer CA. Dependency Traits, Relationship Power, and Health Risks in Women Receiving Sexually-Transmitted Infection Clinic Services. Behav Med 2017; 43:176-183. [PMID: 28767015 DOI: 10.1080/08964289.2017.1297291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
In prior research, having traits consistent with a personality disorder has been shown to be related to substance use and high-risk sexual activity; however, few studies have examined relationships between dependency traits and health-jeopardizing behaviors. Individuals with traits consistent with dependent personality disorder may be more likely to be in a primary relationship characterized by unhealthy conditions, including physical abuse from a partner, low assertiveness in sexual situations, and partner infidelity. In addition, dependency traits may be associated with unhealthy coping (e.g., through substance use). To examine associations between dependent personality traits and these types of health-related behaviors, 198 women seeking sexually transmitted infection clinic services completed a computer-assisted assessment of dependent personality traits, substance use, unhealthy conditions in primary relationships, perceived sexual and relationship power, and sexual risk related to condom use. Dependency trait scores were correlated with the use of cocaine, heroin, and methamphetamine. Participants high in dependency traits reported low perceived power within their relationships and less say in sexual behaviors, including condom use. In a series of multivariate analyses, dependency traits significantly predicted having been hit by a partner, staying with a partner after he cheated, having sex because of threats, and fear of asking a partner to use a condom. Dependency traits were also associated with lower past condom use and lower future condom use intentions. Results suggest that dependent personality traits may place women at higher risk for physical abuse and harmful health behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric G Benotsch
- a Department of Psychology , Virginia Commonwealth University
| | - Ashlee N Sawyer
- a Department of Psychology , Virginia Commonwealth University
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Chenneville T, Lynn V, Peacock B, Turner D, Marhefka SL. Disclosure of HIV Status Among Female Youth With HIV. ETHICS & BEHAVIOR 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/10508422.2014.934371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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O'Byrne P, Holmes D, Roy M. Counselling about HIV serological status disclosure: nursing practice or law enforcement? a Foucauldian reflection. Nurs Inq 2014; 22:134-46. [PMID: 25053169 DOI: 10.1111/nin.12075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Recently, focus groups and qualitative interviews with nurses who provide frontline care for persons living with HIV highlighted the contentiousness surrounding the seemingly innocuous activity of counselling clients about HIV-status disclosure, hereafter disclosure counselling. These empirical studies highlighted that while some nurses felt they should instruct clients to disclose their HIV-positive status if HIV transmission were possible, other nurses were equally adamant that such counselling was outside the nursing scope of practice. A review of these opposing perceptions about disclosure counselling, including an examination of the empirical evidence which supports each point, revealed that the dichotomous arguments needed to be nuanced. The empirical evidence about serostatus disclosure neither supported nor refuted either of these assertions; rather, it substantiated parts of each. To create this understanding, both empirical and theoretical works are used. First, the results of empirical studies about serostatus disclosure, or lack thereof and HIV transmission is presented; as part of this, Marks and Crepaz's HIV disclosure and exposure framework is examined. Second, the work of Michel Foucault on disciplinary and pastoral power is drawn from. The outcome is a nuanced understanding about the interrelationships between disclosure counselling and nursing practice and a final interpretation about what this understanding means for public health practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick O'Byrne
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Nursing, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Dave Holmes
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Nursing, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Marie Roy
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Nursing, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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