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Imran M, Nguyen A, Sultanbawa Y. Quantification of rare earth elements in Australian and imported rice samples from different origins using ICP-MS. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 895:164865. [PMID: 37356757 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Rare earth elements (REEs) are also known as lanthanides and are comprised of seventeen elements including lanthanum to lutetium in the periodic table. Despite their increased utilization, little attention is given to them as emerging environmental contaminants and their associated health risks. The concentration of these elements in urban and agronomic soil may trigger bioaccumulation in plants and may enter the food chain. Also, the consumption of fertilizers in agricultural practices on a larger scale is a significant challenge. The REEs enriched fertilizers are a risk factor for contamination in soil and food. However, there is very limited data in the literature regarding the occurrence of these elements in a staple food such as rice. Thus, this study is aimed at quantification of rare earth elements in Australian and imported rice samples from different countries by using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). The developed analytical method was validated by using two certified reference materials (CRMs) for precision and accuracy. The method was applied for analysing rice samples (including polished, brown, and parboiled) imported from different countries and sourced locally and consumed by the Australian population. The average concentration of REEs in Australian, Thailand and Vietnamese rice samples were quantified as 0.013-2.974 μg/kg, 0.012-3.113 μg/kg, 0.009-0.919 μg/kg respectively and were lower than other countries. The highest average concentrations of REEs were found in Pakistan (0.299-128.2 μg/kg), India (0.063-20.574 μg/kg), and Sri Lankan (0.022-11.522 μg/kg) rice samples imported to Australia. Scandium and yttrium were found in the range of 107.463-85.961 μg/kg. The pattern of Light rare earth elements (LREE) was more abundant than heavy rare earth elements (HREE). This study did not include field experiments to find the translocation factors of REEs from soil to different parts of plant bodies, thus cannot establish the correlation between fertilizers and REEs concentration in rice grains. However, this study presented the general interpretation of REEs quantification in rice grains from different Countries. The outcome of this study includes filling the subsequent knowledge gaps in analysing REEs in rice. This study indicated the need to establish a monitoring program for this type of staple cereals, aiming at promoting public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Imran
- ARC Industrial Transformation Training Centre for Uniquely Australian Foods, Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), The University of Queensland, Indooroopilly, QLD 4068, Australia.
| | - Ai Nguyen
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4067, Australia
| | - Yasmina Sultanbawa
- ARC Industrial Transformation Training Centre for Uniquely Australian Foods, Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), The University of Queensland, Indooroopilly, QLD 4068, Australia
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R. JB, S. B, J.A. A, C. PDLR, J. GP, M. S, F.J. GN. Occurrence of some rare earth elements in vineyard soils under semiarid Mediterranean environment. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 194:341. [PMID: 35389127 PMCID: PMC8989820 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-09956-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A comprehensive investigation has been carried out into the concentrations of a range of REEs (neodymium Nd, cerium Ce, lanthanum La, yttrium Y, scandium Sc) in soils of vineyards belonging to the protected denomination of origin (PDO) Valdepeñas (Central Spain). The mean concentrations (expressed in mg kg-1) are Ce 70.6, Nd 32.9, La 36.2, Y 21.6, and Sc 13.7 in surface horizons (Ap), while in subsurface horizons (Bt or Bw and some Ck), the values are Ce 67.6, Nd 31.8, La 34.4, Y 19.6, and Sc 13.9. The relative abundance in these soils is Ce > La > Nd > Y > Sc in both the surface and subsurface horizons. These values are close to, or slightly higher than, the regional levels but similar to national and global averages, although relatively high values have been detected at certain sampling points. Another aim was to explain the spatial variations in these elements within the territory under study. It was found that the spatial variations are due to the nature of the parent materials and the pedogenetic processes, although the sparse spatial distribution patterns with prominent anomalies are interpreted arising from anthropogenic sources (fertilization). However, these anomalies did not present any environmental risk in the studied zone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiménez-Ballesta R.
- Deparment of Geology and Geochemistry, Autónoma University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Bravo S.
- Higher Technical School Agricultural Engineers of Ciudad Real, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Amorós J.A.
- Higher Technical School Agricultural Engineers of Ciudad Real, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Pérez-de-los-Reyes C.
- Higher Technical School Agricultural Engineers of Ciudad Real, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - García-Pradas J.
- Higher Technical School Agricultural Engineers of Ciudad Real, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Sanchez M.
- Higher Technical School Agricultural Engineers of Ciudad Real, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - García-Navarro F.J.
- Higher Technical School Agricultural Engineers of Ciudad Real, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
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El-Sweify FH, Abdel-Fattah AA, Ghamry MA, Aly SM, El-Shahat MF. Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis of Egyptian Phosphate Samples and Adsorption Studies of Their Elemental Contents. RADIOCHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1066362220050112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Ghamry MA, El-Sweify FH, Abdel-Fattah AEDA, Aly SM, El-Shahat MF. Instrumental neutron activation analysis of lanthanides and coexisting elements in monazite samples and group separation using synthesized inorganic ion exchangers. RADIOCHIM ACTA 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/ract-2019-3192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Samples of Egyptian monazite ore obtained from black sand of Abu-Khashaba, Rashied (Rosetta) area on the Mediterranean Sea coast were analyzed for some lanthanides and coexisting elements using instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA). The analyses were carried out qualitatively and quantitatively for the elements Ce, Nd, Eu, Gd, Tb, Yb and Sc, La as well as the accompanying elements Co, Cr, Fe, Hf, Nb, Zn, Zr in addition to the actinides Th and U; whereas after relatively longer decay time the following lanthanide elements were analyzed: Ce, Nd, Eu, Gd, Tb, Yb and Sc, beside the accompanying elements Co, Cr, Fe, Hf, Nb, Zn, Zr and Th. Two certified reference materials (CRM) were used in this study. For sorption studies, radioactive isotopes 141Ce, 160Tb, 169Yb, 95Zr, 181Hf, and 95Nb were prepared by neutron irradiation to trace the adsorption behaviors of their corresponding elements under certain conditions. Furthermore, radiochemical separation of the analyzed elements in the irradiated monazite samples in sulfuric acid solutions was carried out. Ion exchange technique was applied under static and dynamic conditions and the employed inorganic ion exchangers were locally synthesized and characterized using FT-IR and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) tools. Good group separation of the analyzed lanthanide elements from the accompanying elements was achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A. Ghamry
- Hot Laboratories Center, Atomic Energy Authority , P.O. Box 13759, Inshas , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Fatma H. El-Sweify
- Hot Laboratories Center, Atomic Energy Authority , P.O. Box 13759, Inshas , Cairo , Egypt
| | | | - Shorouk M. Aly
- Hot Laboratories Center, Atomic Energy Authority , P.O. Box 13759, Inshas , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Mohamed F. El-Shahat
- Chemistry Department , Faculty of Science, Ain Shames University , Cairo , Egypt
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Moreira CG, Carvalho TSD, de Oliveira C, Abreu LBD, Castro ACSD, Ribeiro PG, Bispo FHA, Boutin C, Guilherme LRG. Ecological risk assessment of cerium for tropical agroecosystems. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 221:124-131. [PMID: 30639808 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.12.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Cerium (Ce) is present in high technology materials and in mineral P fertilizers and the use and discharge of such resources may change the natural status of Ce in the soil environment. Brazilian soils in farming areas are significantly exposed to increased levels of unintentionally-added Ce through intensive input of phosphate fertilizers. The aims of this study were to evaluate the ecotoxicological risk to plants growing in tropical soils contaminated with Ce, as well as to create a database to support future legislation regulating the limits of this element in Brazilian and conceivably other tropical soils. Eight crop species (corn, sorghum, rice, wheat, soybeans, sunflower, radish, and beans) were exposed to a Ce concentration gradient in two typical tropical soils (Oxisol and Inceptsol), and an artificial soil. Our findings showed that among the endpoints measured, Ce phytotoxicity was more pronounced on shoot dry matter than on percent germination and germination speed index. Sensitivity of plants is species specific and our data showed that sunflower and radish exposed to Ce were the most sensitive crop species. Soil properties such as pH, cation exchange capacity, and organic carbon may have influenced the severity of Ce phytotoxicity. Because of that, the Oxisol contaminated with this element caused higher phytotoxicity than the other soils tested. Our risk assessment results (hazardous concentration, HC5 = 281.6 mg Ce kg-1) support the idea that unintentional Ce input through P fertilizers does not pose a risk to soils of Brazilian agroecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Cynthia de Oliveira
- Department of Soil Science, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, MG, CEP: 37200-000, Brazil
| | - Lívia Botelho de Abreu
- Department of Soil Science, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, MG, CEP: 37200-000, Brazil
| | | | - Paula Godinho Ribeiro
- Department of Soil Science, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, MG, CEP: 37200-000, Brazil
| | | | - Céline Boutin
- Science & Technology Branch, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0H3, Canada
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Silva FBV, Nascimento CWA, Alvarez AM, Araújo PRM. Inputs of rare earth elements in Brazilian agricultural soils via P-containing fertilizers and soil correctives. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 232:90-96. [PMID: 30468961 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The mineral exploration of rare earth elements (REEs) and their entry into the soil via fertilizers has generated concern about environmental impacts and human health risks. We evaluated 60 samples of limestone, gypsum and phosphate fertilizers marketed in Brazil in order to characterize their contents, signature and solubility of REEs. The fertilizers from igneous origin presented the largest accumulation of REEs. Accumulation of the light REEs Ce, La, Nd, Pr, Sm and Eu were larger than the heavy REEs (Y, Dy, Gd, Er, Yb, Ho, Tb and Lu). The solubility of fertilizers produced from sedimentary sources was greater than that of igneous sources. The mean annual REEs contribution of SSP and organo-mineral + phosphate rock (both of igneous origin) to soils was > 4000 t year-1, with highest additions for Ce, La, Nd and Y. Thus, phosphate fertilization and liming were considered to be significant sources of REEs and soils receiving continuously high doses of these inputs are likely to be enriched in REEs. Risk assessment studies are necessary to evaluate the impact of these REEs additions to soils on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- F B V Silva
- Department of Agronomy, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Dom Manuel de Medeiros street, s/n - Dois Irmãos, 52171-900, Recife, PE, Brazil.
| | - C W A Nascimento
- Department of Agronomy, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Dom Manuel de Medeiros street, s/n - Dois Irmãos, 52171-900, Recife, PE, Brazil.
| | - A M Alvarez
- Department of Agronomy, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Dom Manuel de Medeiros street, s/n - Dois Irmãos, 52171-900, Recife, PE, Brazil.
| | - P R M Araújo
- Department of Agronomy, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Dom Manuel de Medeiros street, s/n - Dois Irmãos, 52171-900, Recife, PE, Brazil.
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Rahman MS, Hossain SM, Rahman MT, Kabir M. Analysis of Iron, Scandium, Samarium, and Zinc in Commercial Fertilizers and the Chemistry behind the Stability of These Metals in the Fertilizers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.4236/jacen.2019.83013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Trace element content of phosphorite reference materials (BCR-RM-032, PRH and IAEA-434). J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-011-1426-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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