A modified sampling preparation method for rapid determination of Pb-210 radioactivity in plants in China using crown ether and liquid scintillation counting of beta particles

Radio-sulphur as groundwater residence time tracer - Adapting the 35S extraction approach for water samples rich in sulphate

Cosmogenic radio-sulphur (35S) is applicable as aqueous environmental tracer for investigating sub-yearly groundwater residence times. For the purpose 35SO4 has to be extracted from large-volume water samples (ca. 20 l) and measured by liquid scintillation counting (LSC). Publications that discuss sample preparation approaches focus on waters with low or moderate sulphate concentrations based on sulphate extraction using an ion-exchange resin. However, sulphate extraction by ion-exchange is not feasible for water samples that contain total sulphate loads of over about 1500 mg. Our paper presents an approach for the preparation of water samples with sulphate loads of up to 6000 mg based on BaSO4 precipitation directly from the sample. The key challenge of this approach is the co-precipitation of interfering natural radionuclides (226Ra, short-lived progeny of 222Rn, 210Pb + progeny, 32/33P), which complicates LSC measurement of 35S. Two options are discussed to allow either pre-precipitating the unwanted radionuclides before, or keeping them in solution during Ba35SO4 precipitation.

A review of 210Pb and 210Po in moss

Among environment contaminants, 210Pb and 210Po have gained significant research attention due to their radioactive toxicity. Moss, with its exceptional adsorption capability for these radionuclides, serves as an indicator for environmental 210Pb and 210Po pollution. The paper reviews a total of 138 articles, summarizing the common methods and analytical results of 210Pb and 210Po research in moss. It elucidates the accumulation characteristics of 210Pb and 210Po in moss, discusses current research challenges, potential solutions, and future prospects in this field. Existing literature indicates limitations in common measurement techniques for 210Pb and 210Po in moss, characterized by high detection limits or lengthy sample processing. The concentration of 210Pb and 210Po within moss display substantial variations across different regions worldwide, ranging from Collapse

Key Words

• (210)Pb
• (210)Po
• Environmental contamination
• Measurement method
• Moss bioindication

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MESH Headings

• Lead Radioisotopes/analysis
• Polonium/analysis
• Bryophyta/chemistry
• Radiation Monitoring/methods

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Grants Collapse

Affiliation(s)

Chenlu Ding College of Nuclear Technology and Automation Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, Sichuan, PR China
Qiang Yang College of Nuclear Technology and Automation Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, Sichuan, PR China; Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, PR China.
Xue Zhao Chongqing Radiation Environment Supervision and Management Station, Chongqing, 400015, PR China
Lipeng Xu Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, PR China
Hui Tang College of Nuclear Technology and Automation Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, Sichuan, PR China; Sichuan Management and Monitoring Center Station of Radioactive Environment, Chengdu, 611139, PR China
Zhengshang Liu College of Nuclear Technology and Automation Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, Sichuan, PR China
Juan Zhai College of Nuclear Technology and Automation Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, Sichuan, PR China
Qingxian Zhang College of Nuclear Technology and Automation Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, Sichuan, PR China

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Recent progresses in analytical method development for 210Pb in environmental and biological samples

As a decay product of uranium series, 210Pb spreads widely in the nature and imposes strong radiological and chemical toxicity. It is vital to establish reliable and efficient radioanalytical methods for 210Pb determination to support environment and food radioactivity monitoring programs. This article critically reviews analytical methods developed for determining 210Pb in environmental and biological samples, especially new development in recent years. Techniques applied throughout different analytical steps including sample pretreatment, separation, purification, and detection are summarized and their pros and cons are discussed to provide a holistic overview for 210Pb environmental and biological assay.

A fast strategy to sequentially separate and determine 90Sr, 210Pb and 210Po in water samples using Sr resin

This study presents a rapid and novel sequential separation strategy based on extraction chromatography for determining 90Sr, 210Pb and 210Po in drinking water samples. It involves the use of Sr resin for the separation and then liquid scintillation counting and alpha spectrometry for the determination. The experimental results obtained showed that the proper acidic solution to quantitatively retain the aforementioned radionuclides is 3 M HNO3. The optimum eluents were determined for obtaining quantitative recoveries (70–80%) of 90Sr, 210Pb and 210Po. The method was validated with intercomparison water samples and is satisfactory in terms of minimum detectable activities, which are 50% lower than that established in RD 314/2016.

Simultaneous determination of 210Pb and 210Po in seafood samples using liquid scintillation counting

The measurement of ²¹⁰Pb and ²¹⁰Po in seafood samples has attracted tremendous interest because of their radiotoxicity. In this study, a fast and cost-efficient method for the simultaneous determination of ²¹⁰Pb and ²¹⁰Po in seafood samples by ultralow-level liquid scintillation counting after separation on a Sr•spec column was developed. The recoveries of ²¹⁰Pb and ²¹⁰Po were ~70% and ~85%, respectively. The minimum detectable activity of the proposed method for ²¹⁰Pb and ²¹⁰Po was 3.85 Bq/kg and 1.50 Bq/kg, respectively, which is suitable for the determination of ²¹⁰Pb and ²¹⁰Po in seafood samples. The radiochemical procedure was validated by measuring ²¹⁰Pb and ²¹⁰Po activity concentrations in IAEA-certified reference materials and successfully applied to shrimp and clam samples.