Porphyrin-based cationic conjugated network prepared by Zincke reaction and its adsorption for TcO4−/ReO4−

Construction of hydrophilic-and-cationic metalloporphyrin-based polymers for electrocatalytic small molecule activation

The electrocatalytic activation of small molecules for the production of hydrogen, oxygen, and ammonia represents a novel approach towards achieving environmentally sustainable chemical transformations. Covalent organic polymers have attracted extensive research due to their designable structures and well-defined catalytic sites. Herein, we elaborate on the synthesis, characterization, and electrochemical analyses of a class of hydrophilic and cationic polymers (M-MV) with metalloporphyrins serving as the active central nodes. Owing to the inclusion of cationic viologen units, the as-prepared M-MV exhibited excellent hydrophilicity. When the metal centres vary, three metalloporphyrin-based covalent polymers possess specific catalytic properties for distinct electrocatalytic reactions in aqueous solution. The experimental results show that Co-MV is more favorable for the electrocatalytic HER, Ni-MV is more conducive to the electrocatalytic OER, and Cu-MV exhibits the optimal catalytic activity in the electrocatalytic NO2-RR.

Power Dissipation of Uniaxial Anisotropic/Interacting Polar Molecules with Linear Reaction Dynamics in an Alternating Electric Field

The influence of anisotropic potential energy and interaction between polar molecules on power absorption in chemical reactions with linear reaction dynamics in a weak alternating electric field is studied theoretically according to the reaction-diffusion equation. The expression for transient power loss is derived using two methods, electrodynamic method and equivalent circuit method, based on the electric energy conservation equation. Numerical calculations are carried out, and the results show that both the anisotropic potential energy and the interaction between polar molecules have a strong impact on energy dissipation and storage. For the anisotropic potential energy, when the applied dimensionless anisotropy is equal to 1, the power loss density increases about 32% at a low reaction rate and 27% at a high reaction rate compared to the case without anisotropic potential energy. When the dimensionless anisotropy is equal to -1, the power loss is suppressed and is reduced about 27% and 24% at low and high reaction rates, respectively. On the other hand, for the interaction between polar molecules, the power loss density decreases about 10% and 30% with low and high interaction potential energies, respectively. In addition, if the reaction rate is relatively high, the power loss will quickly decrease due to the end of the reaction process.

Removal of radionuclide 99Tc from aqueous solution by various adsorbents: A review

Technetium isotope 99Tc is a main radioactive waste produced in the process of nuclear reaction, which has the characteristics of long half-life and strong environmental mobility, and can be bio-accumulated in organisms, resulting in serious threat to human health and ecosystem. Adsorption method is widely used in the field of removing radionuclides from water due to the advantages of high treatment rate, simple and mature industrial application. In this review paper, the recent advances in research and application of various adsorption materials for 99Tc pollution treatment were summarized and analyzed for the first time, including inorganic adsorbents, such as activated carbon, zero-valent iron, metallic minerals, clay minerals, layered double hydroxides (LDHs), tin-based materials, and sulfur-based materials; organic adsorbents, such as porous organic polymers (POPs), covalent-organic frameworks (COFs), metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), and ion exchange resin; and biological adsorbents, such as biopolymers (chitosan, cellulose, alginate), and microbial cells. The performance characteristics and the adsorption kinetics and isotherms of various adsorption materials were discussed. This review could deepen the understanding of the adsorptive removal of 99Tc from aqueous solution, and provide a reference for the future research in this field.