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Yalcin SS, Savcı RG, Yalcin S, Eryurt MA. Accuracy of Syrain Refugee Mothers' Perceptions of Newborn's Birth Size: Insights from a National Survey in Turkey. J Immigr Minor Health 2023; 25:1363-1373. [PMID: 37402934 DOI: 10.1007/s10903-023-01519-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to assess the accuracy of maternally perceived birth size and its associated factors among the Syrian refugees in Turkey, using the data from 2018 Turkey Demographic and Health Survey Syrian Migrant Sample (TDHS-SM-18). The study includes information on the last-born child, singleton pregnancies, births in healthcare facilities, children under 5 living with their mothers, with recorded birth weight (n = 969). The study categorizes the mother's perception of size into three groups : compatible, overestimated, and underestimated. Various factors, including sociodemographic characteristics, financial aspects, maternal characteristics, and child characteristics, are considered as explanatory variables. The analysis employs a complex sample multiple logistic regression model. The findings reveal that the majority of mothers accurately perceive the birth size, but 17.1% of them do not. Maternal factors such as region of residence, literacy, occupation, age at birth, and child factors such as birth order, birth interval, gender, and birth weight are identified as associated factors with maternal misperception. This study provides valuable insights into the accuracy of maternally perceived birth size and sheds light on the factors influencing this perception among Syrian refugee mothers in Turkey.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddika Songül Yalcin
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Refia Gözdenur Savcı
- Departmant of Social Pediatrics, Institute of Child Health, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Suzan Yalcin
- Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Selçuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Ali Eryurt
- Institute of Population Studies, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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Roldán-Aguilar EE, Vergara-Ramos G, Jaramillo-Osorno AF. Investigaciones realizadas en Colombia relacionadas con actividad física y obesidad 2010-2020. REVISTA POLITÉCNICA 2022. [DOI: 10.33571/rpolitec.v18n36a5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Introducción: La obesidad es un problema de salud pública mundial. La actividad física es una herramienta importante de promoción y prevención de este problema. Se desconoce las investigaciones realizadas en Colombia al respecto, lo cual es necesario para implementar políticas públicas eficientes. Objetivo: analizar las investigaciones colombianas encontradas en bases de datos científicas sobre la actividad física y obesidad. Metodología: revisión sistemática de artículos de investigación realizados en Colombia del año 2010 al 2020, en las bases de datos PubMed y SciELO. Resultados: de 87 artículos encontrados, 23 cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. El 91,3 % publicados en revistas indexadas internacionalmente. 69,5% estudios observacionales, 17,4% ensayos clínicos y 8,7% revisiones sistemáticas. Conclusiones: poca producción en Colombia. La mayoría en revistas indexadas, tuvieron diseño observacional y encontraron asociación entre poca actividad física con sobrepeso/obesidad. Alta prevalencia de sobrepeso/obesidad. Pocos autores fueron profesionales en el área del deporte y el entrenamiento.
Introduction: Obesity is a global public health problem. Physical activity and exercise are important tools for promoting and preventing. The research carried out in Colombia in this regard is unknown, which is necessary to implement efficient public policies. Objective: to analyze Colombian research found in scientific databases on physical activity or exercise in overweight and obesity. Methodology: literary review of research articles carried out in Colombia from 2010 to 2020, in the PubMed and SciELO databases. Results: Of 87 articles found, 23 met the inclusion criteria. 91.3% published in internationally indexed journals. 69.5% observational studies, 17.4% clinical trials and 8.7% systematic reviews. Conclusions: little production in Colombia. Most of the indexed journals had an observational design and found an association between little physical activity and overweight/obesity. High prevalence of overweight/obesity. Few authors were professionals in the area of training.
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Bryce E, Munos M, Lama TP, Khatry SK, LeClerq S, Katz J. Validation of Maternal Report of Receipt of Iron-Folic Acid Supplementation during Antenatal Care in Rural Southern Nepal. J Nutr 2022; 152:310-318. [PMID: 34549300 PMCID: PMC8754516 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxab336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coverage of iron-folic acid (IFA) supplementation is a key indicator for tracking programmatic progress within and across countries. However, the validity of maternal report of this information during household surveys has yet to be determined. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to examine the validity of maternal recall of receipt of IFA supplementation during antenatal care (ANC) and factors associated with accuracy of maternal recall. METHODS A longitudinal cohort design was employed. The direct observation of the IFA received during all ANC visits at the 5 study health posts served as the "gold standard" to the maternal report of IFA received during the postpartum interview. Individual-level validity was assessed by calculating indicator sensitivity, specificity, and AUC. The inflation factor (IF) measured population-level bias. A multivariable log-binomial model was used to assess factors associated with accurate recall. RESULTS The majority (95.8%) of women were observed receiving IFA during pregnancy. Women overreported the number of IFA tablets received compared with what was observed during ANC visits (mean difference: 45 tablets). Maternal report of any IFA receipt was moderate (AUC = 0.60; 95% CI: 0.50, 0.71), and population bias was low (IF = 1.01). However, the individual-level validity was poor across the 7 IFA tablet count categories; the AUC for categories ranged from misleading to moderate. Driven by the trend of maternal overreport, the IF indicated that maternal report drastically underestimated the coverage of lower tablet categories and overestimated the coverage of higher tablet counts. Accuracy of maternal report was not associated with months since last ANC observation nor any maternal characteristics. CONCLUSIONS Maternal report of the amount of IFA supplementation received during pregnancy produced extremely biased population coverage and performed poorly to moderately for individual-level validity. It is imperative to improve this indicator because it is used in global frameworks and national program planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Bryce
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Melinda Munos
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Subarna K Khatry
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Nepal Nutrition Intervention Project–Sarlahi, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Steve LeClerq
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Nepal Nutrition Intervention Project–Sarlahi, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Joanne Katz
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Pereyra I, López-Arana S, Horta BL. Undernutrition and suboptimal growth during the first year are associated with glycemia but not with insulin resistance in adulthood. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2021; 37:e00120320. [PMID: 34346980 DOI: 10.1590/0102-311x00120320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to assess whether weight, length, and conditional growth during the first year are associated with glycemia and insulin resistance among young adults. A non-concurrent longitudinal design was used in the study. This is a population-based cohort study, composed of people aged from 22 to 28 years. We estimated z-scores from birth to the first year and the infants were classified as stunted, underweight, overweight, obese, wasted, and at risk of wasting, using cut-offs proposed by the World Health Organization (Child Growth Standards, 2006). Conditional weight and length gain variables were estimated. Glycemia, insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and single point insulin sensitivity estimator (SPISE) were evaluated in adulthood. Multiple linear regressions that includes the variables associated with glycemia and insulin resistance were used. In total, 1,070 subjects were evaluated and glycemia in adulthood was higher among subjects who were wasted or at risk of wasting at 12 months (β coefficient = 2.77; 95%CI: 0.37; 5.21). In relation to normal weight, those subjects who were overweight at 12 months showed the lowest glycemia (β coefficient = -2.39; 95%CI: -4.32; -0.36). Conditional weight gain in the first year was negatively associated with glycemia in adulthood (β coefficient = -0.65; 95%CI: -1.23; -0.08). SPISE was higher among underweight subjects, and negatively associated with conditional relative weight gain and conditional linear growth in the first year. In conclusion, we found that undernutrition and suboptimal growth were associated with higher glycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Pereyra
- Universidad Católica del Uruguay, Canelones, Paraguay.,Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Biks GA, Blencowe H, Hardy VP, Geremew BM, Angaw DA, Wagnew A, Abebe SM, Guadu T, Martins JS, Fisker AB, Imam MA, Nettey OEA, Kasasa S, Di Stefano L, Akuze J, Kwesiga D, Lawn JE. Birthweight data completeness and quality in population-based surveys: EN-INDEPTH study. Popul Health Metr 2021; 19:17. [PMID: 33557859 PMCID: PMC7869202 DOI: 10.1186/s12963-020-00229-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low birthweight (< 2500 g) is an important marker of maternal health and is associated with neonatal mortality, long-term development and chronic diseases. Household surveys remain an important source of population-based birthweight information, notably Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) and UNICEF's Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS); however, data quality concerns remain. Few studies have addressed how to close these gaps in surveys. METHODS The EN-INDEPTH population-based survey of 69,176 women was undertaken in five Health and Demographic Surveillance System sites (Matlab-Bangladesh, Dabat-Ethiopia, Kintampo-Ghana, Bandim-Guinea-Bissau, IgangaMayuge-Uganda). Responses to existing DHS/MICS birthweight questions on 14,411 livebirths were analysed and estimated adjusted odds ratios (aORs) associated with reporting weighing, birthweight and heaping reported. Twenty-eight focus group discussions with women and interviewers explored barriers and enablers to reporting birthweight. RESULTS Almost all women provided responses to birthweight survey questions, taking on average 0.2 min to answer. Of all babies, 62.4% were weighed at birth, 53.8% reported birthweight and 21.1% provided health cards with recorded birthweight. High levels of heterogeneity were observed between sites. Home births and neonatal deaths were less likely to be weighed at birth (home births aOR 0.03(95%CI 0.02-0.03), neonatal deaths (aOR 0.19(95%CI 0.16-0.24)), and when weighed, actual birthweight was less likely to be known (aOR 0.44(95%CI 0.33-0.58), aOR 0.30(95%CI 0.22-0.41)) compared to facility births and post-neonatal survivors. Increased levels of maternal education were associated with increases in reporting weighing and knowing birthweight. Half of recorded birthweights were heaped on multiples of 500 g. Heaping was more common in IgangaMayuge (aOR 14.91(95%CI 11.37-19.55) and Dabat (aOR 14.25(95%CI 10.13-20.3) compared to Bandim. Recalled birthweights were more heaped than those recorded by card (aOR 2.59(95%CI 2.11-3.19)). A gap analysis showed large missed opportunity between facility birth and known birthweight, especially for neonatal deaths. Qualitative data suggested that knowing their baby's weight was perceived as valuable by women in all sites, but lack of measurement and poor communication, alongside social perceptions and spiritual beliefs surrounding birthweight, impacted women's ability to report birthweight. CONCLUSIONS Substantial data gaps remain for birthweight data in household surveys, even amongst facility births. Improving the accuracy and recording of birthweights, and better communication with women, for example using health cards, could improve survey birthweight data availability and quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gashaw Andargie Biks
- Dabat Research Centre Health and Demographic Surveillance System, Dabat, Ethiopia
- Department of Health Systems and Policy, Institute of Public Health, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Hannah Blencowe
- Maternal, Adolescent, Reproductive & Child Health (MARCH) Centre, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Victoria Ponce Hardy
- Maternal, Adolescent, Reproductive & Child Health (MARCH) Centre, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Bisrat Misganaw Geremew
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Dessie Abebaw Angaw
- Dabat Research Centre Health and Demographic Surveillance System, Dabat, Ethiopia
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Alemakef Wagnew
- Dabat Research Centre Health and Demographic Surveillance System, Dabat, Ethiopia
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Solomon Mekonnen Abebe
- Dabat Research Centre Health and Demographic Surveillance System, Dabat, Ethiopia
- Department of Human Nutrition, Institute of Public Health, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Tadesse Guadu
- Dabat Research Centre Health and Demographic Surveillance System, Dabat, Ethiopia
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, Institute of Public Health, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | | | - Ane Baerent Fisker
- Bandim Health Project, Bissau, Guinea-Bissau
- Research Centre for Vitamins and Vaccines, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research Open Patient data Explorative Network (OPEN), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Md. Ali Imam
- Health Systems and Population Studies Division, icddr,b, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Simon Kasasa
- IgangaMayuge Health and Demographic Surveillance System, Iganga, Uganda
- Makerere University Centre for Health and Population Research, Makerere, Uganda
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Makerere University School of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Lydia Di Stefano
- Maternal, Adolescent, Reproductive & Child Health (MARCH) Centre, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
- Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Joseph Akuze
- Maternal, Adolescent, Reproductive & Child Health (MARCH) Centre, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
- Dept. of Health Policy, Planning and Management, Makerere University School of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda
- Centre of Excellence for Maternal Newborn and Child Health Research, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Doris Kwesiga
- Dept. of Health Policy, Planning and Management, Makerere University School of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda
- Centre of Excellence for Maternal Newborn and Child Health Research, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
- Department of Women and Children’s Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Joy E. Lawn
- Maternal, Adolescent, Reproductive & Child Health (MARCH) Centre, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
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Valdebenito S, Murray A, Hughes C, Băban A, Fernando AD, Madrid BJ, Ward C, Osafo J, Dunne M, Sikander S, Walker SP, Thang VV, Tomlinson M, Fearon P, Shenderovich Y, Marlow M, Chathurika D, Taut D, Eisner M. Evidence for Better Lives Study: a comparative birth-cohort study on child exposure to violence and other adversities in eight low- and middle-income countries - foundational research (study protocol). BMJ Open 2020; 10:e034986. [PMID: 33039982 PMCID: PMC7552842 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-034986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Violence against children is a health, human rights and social problem affecting approximately half of the world's children. Its effects begin at prenatal stages with long-lasting impacts on later health and well-being. The Evidence for Better Lives Study (EBLS) aims to produce high-quality longitudinal data from cities in eight low- and middle-income countries-Ghana, Jamaica, Pakistan, the Philippines, Romania, South Africa, Sri Lanka and Vietnam-to support effective intervention to reduce violence against children. EBLS-Foundational Research (EBLS-FR) tests critical aspects of the planned EBLS, including participant recruitment and retention, data collection and analysis. Alongside epidemiological estimates of levels and predictors of exposure to violence and adversity during pregnancy, we plan to explore mechanisms that may link exposure to violence to mothers' biological stress markers and subjective well-being. METHODS AND ANALYSES EBLS-FR is a short longitudinal study with a sample of 1200 pregnant women. Data are collected during the last trimester of pregnancy and 2 to 6 months after birth. The questionnaire for participating women has been translated into nine languages. Measures obtained from mothers will include, among others, mental and physical health, attitudes to corporal punishment, adverse childhood experiences, prenatal intimate partner violence, substance use and social/community support. Hair and dry blood spot samples are collected from the pregnant women to measure stress markers. To explore research participation among fathers, EBLS-FR is recruiting 300 fathers in the Philippines and Sri Lanka. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The study received ethical approvals at all recruiting sites and universities in the project. Results will be disseminated through journal publications, conferences and seminar presentations involving local communities, health services and other stakeholders. Findings from this work will help to adjust the subsequent stages of the EBLS project.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Valdebenito
- Institute of Criminology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Aja Murray
- Department of Psychology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Claire Hughes
- Centre for Family Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | - Adriana Băban
- Department of Psychology, Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | | | - Bernadette J Madrid
- Child Protection Unit, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - Catherine Ward
- Department of Psychology, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa
| | - Joseph Osafo
- Department of Psychology, University of Ghana, Legon, Greater Accra, Ghana
| | - Michael Dunne
- School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia
| | - Siham Sikander
- Global Health Department, Health Services Academy, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Susan P Walker
- Caribbean Institute for Health Research, University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Vo Van Thang
- Institute for Community Health Research, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue, Thừa Thiên-Huế, Viet Nam
| | - Mark Tomlinson
- Institute for Life Course Health Research, Department of Global Health, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Pasco Fearon
- Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Yulia Shenderovich
- Department of Social Policy and Intervention, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Marguerite Marlow
- Department of Psychology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, Western Cape, South Africa
| | | | - Diana Taut
- Department of Psychology, Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Manuel Eisner
- Institute of Criminology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Nigatu D, Haile D, Gebremichael B, M Tiruneh Y. Predictive accuracy of perceived baby birth size for birth weight: a cross-sectional study from the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e031986. [PMID: 31831541 PMCID: PMC6924872 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-031986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The study was designed to evaluate the accuracy of maternally perceived baby birth size assessments as a measure of birth weight and examine factors influencing the accuracy of maternal size assessments. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING The study is based on national data from the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey. PARTICIPANTS We included 1455 children who had both birth size and birth weight data. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Predictive accuracy of baby birth size for low birth weight. Level of discordance between maternally perceived birth size and birth weight including factors influencing discordance. RESULTS Mother-reported baby birth size had low sensitivity (57%) and positive predictive value (41%) to indicate low birth weight but had high specificity (89%) and negative predictive values (94%). The per cent of agreement between birth weight (<2500 g vs ≥2500 g) and maternally perceived birth size (small size vs average or above) was 86% and kappa statistics indicated a moderate level of agreement (kappa=0.41, p<0.001). Maternal age, wealth index quintile, marital status and maternal education were significant predictors of the discordance between birth size and birth weight. CONCLUSIONS Maternal assessment of baby size at birth is an inaccurate proxy indicator of low birth weight in Ethiopia. Therefore, a mother's recall of birth size should be used as a proxy indicator for low birth weight with caution and should take maternal characteristics into consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dabere Nigatu
- Department of Reproductive Health and Population Studies, Bahir Dar University College of Medical and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar, Amhara, Ethiopia
| | - Demewoz Haile
- School of Public Health, Addis Ababa University College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Bereket Gebremichael
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Allied School of Health Science, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Yordanos M Tiruneh
- Department of Community Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas, USA
- Department of Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
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Cammack AL, Hogue CJ, Drews-Botsch CD, Kramer MR, Pearce BD, Knight B, Stowe ZN, Newport DJ. An exploratory study of whether pregnancy outcomes influence maternal self-reported history of child maltreatment. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2018; 85:145-155. [PMID: 29478731 PMCID: PMC6529201 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2018.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Childhood maltreatment is common and has been increasingly studied in relation to perinatal outcomes. While retrospective self-report is convenient to use in studies assessing the impact of maltreatment on perinatal outcomes, it may be vulnerable to bias. We assessed bias in reporting of maltreatment with respect to women's experiences of adverse perinatal outcomes in a cohort of 230 women enrolled in studies of maternal mental illness. Each woman provided a self-reported history of childhood maltreatment via the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire at two time points: 1) the preconception or prenatal period and 2) the postpartum period. While most women's reports of maltreatment agreed, there was less agreement for physical neglect among women experiencing adverse perinatal outcomes. Further, among women who discrepantly reported maltreatment, those experiencing adverse pregnancy outcomes tended to report physical neglect after delivery but not before, and associations between physical neglect measured after delivery and adverse pregnancy outcomes were larger than associations that assessed physical neglect before delivery. There were larger associations between post-delivery measured maltreatment and perinatal outcomes among women who had not previously been pregnant and in those with higher postpartum depressive symptoms. Although additional larger studies in the general population are necessary to replicate these findings, they suggest retrospective reporting of childhood maltreatment, namely physical neglect, may be prone to systematic differential recall bias with respect to perinatal outcomes. Measures of childhood maltreatment reported before delivery may be needed to validly estimate associations between maternal exposure to childhood physical neglect and perinatal outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison L Cammack
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
| | - Carol J Hogue
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Carolyn D Drews-Botsch
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Michael R Kramer
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Brad D Pearce
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Bettina Knight
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W. Markham St., Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Zachary N Stowe
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 6001 Research Park Blvd, Madison, WI 53719, USA
| | - D Jeffrey Newport
- Departments of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences and Obstetrics & Gynecology, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14 Street, Suite 1446, Miami, FL 33136, USA
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Chang KT, Mullany LC, Khatry SK, LeClerq SC, Munos MK, Katz J. Why some mothers overestimate birth size and length of pregnancy in rural Nepal. J Glob Health 2018; 8:020801. [PMID: 30206478 PMCID: PMC6122007 DOI: 10.7189/jogh.08.020801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Quantitative validation studies alone may not be able to distinguish between instances when participants did not accurately report an event vs when participants did not understand a question. We used an explanatory qualitative study design to acquire an in-depth understanding of why some mothers in rural Nepal overestimate birth size of their newborn and their length of pregnancy. Methods We conducted two focus group discussions (FGDs) with study staff who administered a quantitative questionnaire and 12 in-depth interviews (IDIs) with mothers who had participated in a quantitative validation study. Transcripts were coded and analyzed for themes in patterns of meaning within and across FGDs and IDIs. Using this thematic map, we synthesized our data into common and divergent responses from participants to facilitate our interpretation of the quantitative findings. Results We identified five themes specific to this analysis: difficulties with the length of pregnancy question, challenges in administering the birth size question, the perceived effect of time since birth on mothers' ability to remember information, the language and style differences specific to this setting, and the study context shaping the relationship between study staff and mothers who participated and how this may have influenced mothers' responses. Visual aids may help to scale the question about birth size within a cultural frame of reference for maternal reports to be more interpretable. Among both study staff and mothers, a longer period of time since the birth of a child was thought to be associated with diminished accuracy of maternal reports, a perception not supported by our previously published quantitative findings. Conclusions Poor validity of low birth weight (LBW) and preterm birth indicators based on maternal reports may be partly attributed to challenges in maternal understanding of questions assessing birth size and length of pregnancy. Additional research is needed to confirm these findings regarding maternal comprehension and to further evaluate the utility of visual aids developed for this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen T Chang
- Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of International Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Luke C Mullany
- Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of International Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Subarna K Khatry
- The Nepal Nutrition Intervention Project-Sarlahi, Lalitpur, Nepal
| | - Steven C LeClerq
- Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of International Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,The Nepal Nutrition Intervention Project-Sarlahi, Lalitpur, Nepal
| | - Melinda K Munos
- Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of International Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Joanne Katz
- Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of International Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Chang KT, Mullany LC, Khatry SK, LeClerq SC, Munos MK, Katz J. Validation of maternal reports for low birthweight and preterm birth indicators in rural Nepal. J Glob Health 2018; 8:010604. [PMID: 29899981 PMCID: PMC5997365 DOI: 10.7189/jogh.08.010604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Tracking progress towards global newborn health targets depends largely on maternal reported data collected through large, nationally representative surveys. We evaluated the validity, across a range of recall period lengths (1 to 24 months post-delivery), of maternal report of birthweight, birth size and length of pregnancy. Methods We compared maternal reports to reference standards of birthweights measured within 72 hours of delivery and gestational age generated from reported first day of the last menstrual period (LMP) prospectively collected as part of a population-based study (n = 1502). We calculated sensitivity, specificity, area the under the receiver operating curve (AUC) as a measure of individual-level accuracy, and the inflation factor (IF) to quantify population-level bias for each indicator. We assessed if length of recall period modified accuracy by stratifying measurements across time bins and using a modified Poisson regression with robust error variance to estimate the relative risk (RR) of correctly classifying newborns as low birthweight (LBW) or preterm, adjusting for child sex, place of delivery, maternal age, maternal education, parity, and ethnicity. Results The LBW indicator using maternally reported birthweight in grams had low individual-level accuracy (AUC = 0.69) and high population-level bias (inflation factor IF = 0.62). LBW using maternally reported birth size and the preterm birth indicator had lower individual-level accuracy (AUC = 0.58 and 0.56, respectively) and higher population-level bias (IF = 0.28 and 0.35, respectively) up to 24 months following birth. Length of recall time did not affect accuracy of LBW indicators. For the preterm birth indicator, accuracy did not change with length of recall up to 20 months after birth and improved slightly beyond 20 months. Conclusions The use of maternal reports may underestimate and bias indicators for LBW and preterm birth. In settings with high prevalence of LBW and preterm births, these indicators generated from maternal reports may be more vulnerable to misclassification. In populations where an important proportion of births occur at home or where weight is not routinely measured, mothers perhaps place less importance on remembering size at birth. Further work is needed to explore whether these conclusions on the validity of maternal reports hold in similar rural and low-income settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen T Chang
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Luke C Mullany
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Steven C LeClerq
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Nepal Nutrition Intervention Project-Sarlahi, Lalitpur, Nepal
| | - Melinda K Munos
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Joanne Katz
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Noronha GAD, Kale PL, Torres TZGD, Costa AJL, Cavalcanti MDLT, Szklo M. Validade da informação sobre o peso ao nascer para estudos fundamentados na programação fetal. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2017; 33:e00051816. [DOI: 10.1590/0102-311x00051816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Peso ao nascer é uma informação essencial nos estudos de programação fetal e, em geral, obtida retrospectivamente. No Sistema de Informações sobre Nascidos Vivos (SINASC), peso ao nascer é uma informação válida, mas nem sempre acessível. Objetivou-se estabelecer um algoritmo para seleção da fonte de dados de maior confiabilidade do peso ao nascer na ausência da informação do SINASC. No estudo seccional de estudantes de 6-14 anos, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, 2010, peso ao nascer foi coletado por meio de questionário de autopreenchimento, entrevista, prontuários do Programa Médico de Família (PMF), além do SINASC. Foram calculados coeficientes de correlação intraclasse (CCI) e diferenças das médias de peso ao nascer. CCIs variaram de 0,90 a 0,99. Todas as fontes apresentaram médias de peso ao nascer maiores do que SINASC, considerando-se aceitáveis diferenças até 100g. O peso ao nascer é registrado no nascimento (SINASC) ou próximo deste (PMF) e, na ausência dessas fontes, a lembrança do peso ao nascer de 6-14 anos após o nascimento é uma opção confiável. Para complementar a informação sobre peso ao nascer na ausência do SINASC, recomenda-se a seguinte ordenação: PMF, entrevista e questionário.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pauline Lorena Kale
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Antonio Jose Leal Costa
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Moyses Szklo
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Tanz LJ, Stuart JJ, Williams PL, Rimm EB, Missmer SA, Rexrode KM, Mukamal KJ, Rich-Edwards JW. Preterm Delivery and Maternal Cardiovascular Disease in Young and Middle-Aged Adult Women. Circulation 2017; 135:578-589. [PMID: 28153993 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.116.025954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preterm delivery has been shown to be associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), but it is unknown whether this risk remains after adjustment for prepregnancy lifestyle and CVD risk factors. METHODS We examined the association between history of having delivered an infant preterm (<37 weeks) and CVD in 70 182 parous women in the Nurses' Health Study II. Multivariable Cox proportional-hazards models were used to estimate hazards ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for CVD events (myocardial infarction and stroke, n=949); we also adjusted for intermediates to determine the proportion of the association between preterm and CVD accounted for by postpartum development of CVD risk factors. RESULTS After adjusting for age, race, parental education, and prepregnancy lifestyle and CVD risk factors, preterm delivery in the first pregnancy was associated with an increased risk of CVD (HR, 1.42; 95% CI, 1.16-1.72) in comparison with women with a term delivery (≥37 weeks) in the first pregnancy. When preterm delivery was split into moderate preterm (≥32 to <37 weeks) and very preterm (<32 weeks), the HRs were 1.22 (95% CI, 0.96-1.54) and 2.01 (95% CI, 1.47-2.75), respectively. The increased rate of CVD in the very preterm group persisted even among women whose first pregnancy was not complicated by hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HR, 2.01; 95% CI, 1.38-2.93). In comparison with women with at least 2 pregnancies, all of which were delivered at term, women with a preterm first birth and at least 1 later preterm birth had a HR of CVD of 1.65 (95% CI, 1.20-2.28). The association between moderate preterm first birth and CVD was accounted for in part by the development of postpartum chronic hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and changes in body mass index (proportion accounted for, 14.5%; 95% CI, 4.0-41.1), as was the very-preterm-CVD relationship (13.1%; 95% CI, 9.0-18.7). CONCLUSIONS Preterm delivery is independently predictive of CVD and may be useful for CVD prevention efforts. Because only a modest proportion of the preterm-CVD association was accounted for by development of conventional CVD risk factors, further research may identify additional pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren J Tanz
- From Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA (L.J.T., J.J.S., P.L.W., E.B.R., S.A.M., J.W.R.-E.); Connors Center for Women's Health and Gender Biology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (L.J.T., J.J.S., J.W.R.-E.); Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA (P.L.W.); Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA (E.B.R., K.J.M.); Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, MA (S.A.M.); Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (E.B.R., S.A.M., J.W.R.-E.); Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids (S.A.M.); Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (K.M.R.); and Division of General Medicine and Primary Care, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA (K.J.M.).
| | - Jennifer J Stuart
- From Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA (L.J.T., J.J.S., P.L.W., E.B.R., S.A.M., J.W.R.-E.); Connors Center for Women's Health and Gender Biology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (L.J.T., J.J.S., J.W.R.-E.); Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA (P.L.W.); Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA (E.B.R., K.J.M.); Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, MA (S.A.M.); Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (E.B.R., S.A.M., J.W.R.-E.); Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids (S.A.M.); Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (K.M.R.); and Division of General Medicine and Primary Care, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA (K.J.M.)
| | - Paige L Williams
- From Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA (L.J.T., J.J.S., P.L.W., E.B.R., S.A.M., J.W.R.-E.); Connors Center for Women's Health and Gender Biology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (L.J.T., J.J.S., J.W.R.-E.); Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA (P.L.W.); Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA (E.B.R., K.J.M.); Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, MA (S.A.M.); Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (E.B.R., S.A.M., J.W.R.-E.); Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids (S.A.M.); Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (K.M.R.); and Division of General Medicine and Primary Care, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA (K.J.M.)
| | - Eric B Rimm
- From Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA (L.J.T., J.J.S., P.L.W., E.B.R., S.A.M., J.W.R.-E.); Connors Center for Women's Health and Gender Biology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (L.J.T., J.J.S., J.W.R.-E.); Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA (P.L.W.); Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA (E.B.R., K.J.M.); Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, MA (S.A.M.); Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (E.B.R., S.A.M., J.W.R.-E.); Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids (S.A.M.); Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (K.M.R.); and Division of General Medicine and Primary Care, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA (K.J.M.)
| | - Stacey A Missmer
- From Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA (L.J.T., J.J.S., P.L.W., E.B.R., S.A.M., J.W.R.-E.); Connors Center for Women's Health and Gender Biology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (L.J.T., J.J.S., J.W.R.-E.); Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA (P.L.W.); Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA (E.B.R., K.J.M.); Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, MA (S.A.M.); Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (E.B.R., S.A.M., J.W.R.-E.); Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids (S.A.M.); Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (K.M.R.); and Division of General Medicine and Primary Care, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA (K.J.M.)
| | - Kathryn M Rexrode
- From Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA (L.J.T., J.J.S., P.L.W., E.B.R., S.A.M., J.W.R.-E.); Connors Center for Women's Health and Gender Biology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (L.J.T., J.J.S., J.W.R.-E.); Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA (P.L.W.); Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA (E.B.R., K.J.M.); Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, MA (S.A.M.); Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (E.B.R., S.A.M., J.W.R.-E.); Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids (S.A.M.); Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (K.M.R.); and Division of General Medicine and Primary Care, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA (K.J.M.)
| | - Kenneth J Mukamal
- From Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA (L.J.T., J.J.S., P.L.W., E.B.R., S.A.M., J.W.R.-E.); Connors Center for Women's Health and Gender Biology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (L.J.T., J.J.S., J.W.R.-E.); Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA (P.L.W.); Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA (E.B.R., K.J.M.); Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, MA (S.A.M.); Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (E.B.R., S.A.M., J.W.R.-E.); Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids (S.A.M.); Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (K.M.R.); and Division of General Medicine and Primary Care, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA (K.J.M.)
| | - Janet W Rich-Edwards
- From Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA (L.J.T., J.J.S., P.L.W., E.B.R., S.A.M., J.W.R.-E.); Connors Center for Women's Health and Gender Biology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (L.J.T., J.J.S., J.W.R.-E.); Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA (P.L.W.); Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA (E.B.R., K.J.M.); Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, MA (S.A.M.); Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (E.B.R., S.A.M., J.W.R.-E.); Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids (S.A.M.); Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (K.M.R.); and Division of General Medicine and Primary Care, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA (K.J.M.)
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Validity of recalled v. recorded birth weight: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2016; 8:137-148. [DOI: 10.1017/s2040174416000581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Low birth weight is associated with adverse health outcomes. If birth weight records are not available, studies may use recalled birth weight. It is unclear whether this is reliable. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies comparing recalled with recorded birth weights. We followed the Meta-Analyses of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) statement and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) to May 2015. We included studies that reported recalled birth weight and recorded birth weight. We excluded studies investigating a clinical population. Two reviewers independently reviewed citations, extracted data, assessed risk of bias. Data were pooled in a random effects meta-analysis for correlation and mean difference. In total, 40 studies were eligible for qualitative synthesis (n=78,997 births from 78,196 parents). Agreement between recalled and recorded birth weight was high: pooled estimate of correlation in 23 samples from 19 studies (n=7406) was 0.90 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.87–0.93]. The difference between recalled and recorded birth weight in 29 samples from 26 studies (n=29,293) was small [range −86–129 g; random effects estimate 1.4 g (95% CI −4.0–6.9 g)]. Studies were heterogeneous, with no evidence for an effect of time since birth, person reporting, recall bias, or birth order. In post-hoc subgroup analysis, recall was higher than recorded birth weight by 80 g (95% CI 57–103 g) in low and middle income countries. In conclusion, there is high agreement between recalled and recorded birth weight. If birth weight is recalled, it is suitable for use in epidemiological studies, at least in high income countries.
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Bell S, Prata N, Lahiff M, Eskenazi B. Civil unrest and birthweight: an exploratory analysis of the 2007/2008 Kenyan Crisis. Soc Sci Med 2012; 74:1324-30. [PMID: 22410269 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2012.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2011] [Revised: 12/16/2011] [Accepted: 01/26/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
For decades, Africa has been plagued by political and ethnic conflict, the health ramifications of which are often not investigated. A crisis occurred recently in Kenya following the 2007 presidential election. Ethnic violence ensued, targeting the incumbent President Kibaki's Kikuyu people. The violence occurred primarily in Nairobi and the Rift Valley of Kenya. We sought to examine the association between exposure to the 2007/2008 Kenyan Crisis and birthweight. Using the 2008/2009 Kenyan Demographic and Health Survey (KDHS), we compared birthweights of infants in utero or not yet conceived during the 15 months after the political turmoil following the 2007 presidential election (exposed) to those who were born before the crisis (unexposed). There were 663 "exposed" and 687 "unexposed" infants. Multivariate regression was used. We examined the possibility of two-way and three-way interactions between exposure status, ethnicity (Kikuyu versus non-Kikuyu), and region (violent region versus not). Overall, exposure to the Kenyan Crisis was associated with lower birthweight. Kikuyu women living in a violent region who were exposed during their 2nd trimester had the greatest difference in birthweight in comparison to all unexposed infants: 564.4g lower (95% CI 285.1, 843.6). Infants of Kikuyu exposed during the 2nd trimester and living in a violent region weighed 603.6g less (95% CI 333.6, 873.6) than Kikuyu infants born during the unexposed period. Political unrest may have implications for the birthweight of infants, particularly among targeted populations. Given the adverse sequelae associated with lowered birthweight, these results suggest that particular attention should be paid to pregnant women and targeted ethnic groups following such events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne Bell
- Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, USA
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