1
|
Liu T, Stradford C, Ambi A, Centeno D, Roca J, Cattabiani T, Drwiega TJ, Li C, Traba C. Plasma-initiated graft polymerization of carbon nanoparticles as nano-based drug delivery systems. BIOFOULING 2022; 38:13-28. [PMID: 34839780 PMCID: PMC9617291 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2021.2008376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Plasma-initiated free radical polymerization was used to engineer carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) with tailored chemical and physical properties. Following surface modification, CNPs were loaded with a highly effective anti-infection agent called metal-free Russian propolis ethanol extract (MFRPEE), thus, creating nano-based drug delivery systems (NBDDSs). The loading of MFRPEE onto grafted CNPs occurred naturally through both electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bonding. When constructed under optimal experimental conditions, the NBDDSs were stable under physiologic conditions, and demonstrated enhanced anti-biofilm activity when compared with free MFRPEE. Mechanistic studies revealed that the enhanced anti-infectious activity of the NBDDSs was attributed to the modified surface chemistry of grafted CNPs. More specifically, the overall positive surface charge on grafted CNPs, which stems from quaternary ammonium polymer brushes covalently bound to the CNPs, provides NBDDSs with the ability to specifically target negatively charged components of biofilms. When studying the release profile of MFRPEE from the modified CNPs, acidic components produced by a biofilm triggered the release of MFRPEE bound to the NBDDS. Once in its free form, the anti-infectious properties of MFRPEE became activated and damaged the extracellular polymeric matrix (EPM) of the biofilm. Once the architecture of the biofilm became compromised, the EPM was no longer capable of protecting the bacteria encapsulated within the biofilm from the anti-infectious agent. Consequently, exposure of bacteria to MFRPEE led to bacterial cell death and biofilm inactivation. The results obtained from this study begin to examine the potential application of NBDDSs for the treatment of healthcare-associated infections (HCAIs).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianchi Liu
- Department of PD Chem ITech, Newcastle, WA 98059, USA
| | | | - Ashwin Ambi
- Department of Fourth State of Matter Technologies Corporation, Bayonne, NJ 07306, USA
| | - Daniel Centeno
- Department of Fourth State of Matter Technologies Corporation, Bayonne, NJ 07306, USA
| | - Jasmine Roca
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics Fairleigh Dickinson University, Teaneck, NJ 07666, USA
| | - Thomas Cattabiani
- Department of Fourth State of Matter Technologies Corporation, Bayonne, NJ 07306, USA
| | - Thomas J. Drwiega
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics Fairleigh Dickinson University, Teaneck, NJ 07666, USA
| | - Clive Li
- Department of STEM, Hudson County Community College, Jersey City, NJ 07306, USA
| | - Christian Traba
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics Fairleigh Dickinson University, Teaneck, NJ 07666, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang Y, Carion TW, Ebrahim AS, Sosne G, Berger EA. Adjunctive Thymosin Beta-4 Treatment Influences MΦ Effector Cell Function to Improve Disease Outcome in Pseudomonas aeruginosa-Induced Keratitis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222011016. [PMID: 34681676 PMCID: PMC8537948 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous work has shown that topical thymosin beta 4 (Tβ4) as an adjunct to ciprofloxacin treatment reduces inflammatory mediators and inflammatory cell infiltrates (neutrophils/PMN and macrophages/MΦ) while enhancing bacterial killing and wound healing pathway activation in an experimental model of P. aeruginosa-induced keratitis. This study aimed to mechanistically examine how Tβ4 influences MΦ function in particular, leading to reduced inflammation and enhanced host defense following P. aeruginosa-induced infection of the cornea. Flow cytometry was conducted to profile the phenotype of infiltrating MΦ after infection, while generation of reactive nitrogen species and markers of efferocytosis were detected to assess functional activity. In vitro studies were performed utilizing RAW 264.7 cells to verify and extend the in vivo findings. Tβ4 treatment decreases MΦ infiltration and regulates the activation state in response to infected corneas. MΦ functional data demonstrated that the adjunctive Tβ4 treatment group significantly downregulated reactive nitrogen species (RNS) production and efferocytotic activity. In addition, the in vitro studies showed that both Tβ4 alone and adjunctive Tβ4 treatment influenced MΦ cellular function following LPS stimulation. Collectively, these data provide further evidence that adjunctive Tβ4 + ciprofloxacin treatment offers a more efficacious option for treating bacterial keratitis. Not only does the adjunctive therapy address both the infectious pathogen and corneal wound healing response, but it also influences MΦ infiltration, activation, and function, as revealed by the current study.
Collapse
|
3
|
Stanciauskaite M, Marksa M, Ivanauskas L, Perminaite K, Ramanauskiene K. Ophthalmic In Situ Gels with Balsam Poplar Buds Extract: Formulation, Rheological Characterization, and Quality Evaluation. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13070953. [PMID: 34202901 PMCID: PMC8308992 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13070953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Balsam poplar buds are a raw material with a high content of polyphenols. Various polyphenols are known for their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. In this study, an aqueous extract of balsam poplar buds was prepared in order to use environmentally friendly and non-aggressive solvents. The aqueous extract was lyophilized, and a 1% aqueous solution of lyophilized balsam poplar buds extract (L1) was prepared. L1 solution was used as a source of polyphenols for the production of ophthalmic in situ gels, so as to develop a product featuring antioxidant properties. Poloxamer 407 (P407) and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) were selected as gelling agents for the in situ gels. In order to select the formulations with the best conditions of use, formulations of different polymer concentrations (P407—10%, 12%, 15%; HPMC—0.5%, 0.75%) were prepared, choosing the same amount of the active polyphenol source L1. The physicochemical properties, rheological parameters, stability, and irritant effect on the rabbit corneal cell line (SIRC) were evaluated. Formulations in which P407 and HMPC concentrations were 10/0.75% and 12%/0.75% reached a gelation point close to the ocular surface temperature; the gels remained stable for 30 days and did not cause an irritant effect on the SIRC cell line.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monika Stanciauskaite
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliai Avenue 13, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania; (K.P.); (K.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +370-679-670-17
| | - Mindaugas Marksa
- Department of Analytical & Toxicological Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliai Avenue 13, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania; (M.M.); (L.I.)
| | - Liudas Ivanauskas
- Department of Analytical & Toxicological Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliai Avenue 13, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania; (M.M.); (L.I.)
| | - Kristina Perminaite
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliai Avenue 13, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania; (K.P.); (K.R.)
| | - Kristina Ramanauskiene
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliai Avenue 13, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania; (K.P.); (K.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tummanapalli SS, Kuppusamy R, Yeo JH, Kumar N, New EJ, Willcox MDP. The role of nitric oxide in ocular surface physiology and pathophysiology. Ocul Surf 2021; 21:37-51. [PMID: 33940170 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2021.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) has a wide array of biological functions including the regulation of vascular tone, neurotransmission, immunomodulation, stimulation of proinflammatory cytokine expression and antimicrobial action. These functions may depend on the type of isoform that is responsible for the synthesis of NO. NO is found in various ocular tissues playing a pivotal role in physiological mechanisms, namely regulating vascular tone in the uvea, retinal blood circulation, aqueous humor dynamics, neurotransmission and phototransduction in retinal layers. Unregulated production of NO in ocular tissues may result in production of toxic superoxide free radicals that participate in ocular diseases such as endotoxin-induced uveitis, ischemic proliferative retinopathy and neurotoxicity of optic nerve head in glaucoma. However, the role of NO on the ocular surface in mediating physiology and pathophysiological processes is not fully understood. Moreover, methods used to measure levels of NO in the biological samples of the ocular surface are not well established due to its rapid oxidation. The purpose of this review is to highlight the role of NO in the physiology and pathophysiology of ocular surface and propose suitable techniques to measure NO levels in ocular surface tissues and tears. This will improve the understanding of NO's role in ocular surface biology and the development of new NO-based therapies to treat various ocular surface diseases. Further, this review summarizes the biochemistry underpinning NO's antimicrobial action.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rajesh Kuppusamy
- School of Optometry & Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Australia; School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jia Hao Yeo
- The University of Sydney, School of Chemistry, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Naresh Kumar
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Australia
| | - Elizabeth J New
- The University of Sydney, School of Chemistry, NSW, 2006, Australia; The University of Sydney Nano Institute (Sydney Nano), The University of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Mark D P Willcox
- School of Optometry & Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Izzularab BM, Megeed M, Yehia M. Propolis nanoparticles modulate the inflammatory and apoptotic pathways in carbon tetrachloride-induced liver fibrosis and nephropathy in rats. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2021; 36:55-66. [PMID: 32840962 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study assessed the use of emulsion-produced propolis nanoparticles for treating carbon tetrachloride (CCl4 )-induced liver fibrosis and nephropathy on albino rat model. The evaluation of hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, and the treatment outcomes involved biochemical investigations of blood samples as well as molecular analysis, and histopathological assessment for liver and kidney tissue samples. CCl4 treatment caused elevated biochemical indicators of hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic effects as detected by liver and kidney functions tests, which improved gradually with propolis nanoparticles treatment. The molecular studies showed an increase in transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), Nephrin, and Caspase-9, while Bcl-2 levels dropped in both liver and kidney tissue samples; such changes were normalized after treatment. The histological findings confirm both biochemical and molecular studies. Our results indicated that propolis nanoparticles had an anti-inflammatory effect as proved by decreased expression of TGF-β in liver tissue and Nephrin in kidney tissue. The propolis nanoparticles showed an anti-apoptotic effect on liver and kidney tissue increasing the expression of Bcl-2 and decreasing the expression of Caspase-9.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Batoul Mohamed Izzularab
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Mervat Megeed
- Biophysics, Medical Equipments Department Faculty of Allied Science, Pharos University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mona Yehia
- Histochemistry and Cell Biology Department, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hamzeh Pour S, Khodavaisy S, Mahmoudi S, Vaziri S, Soltan Dallal MM, Oliya S, Getso M, Rezaie S. The effect of royal jelly and propolis alone and in combination on inhibition of
Aspergillus parasiticus
growth, aflatoxin production, and
aflR
gene expression. J Food Saf 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/jfs.12815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Siavash Hamzeh Pour
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Public HealthTehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Sadegh Khodavaisy
- Zoonoses Research Center, Research Institute for Health DevelopmentKurdistan University of Medical Sciences Sanandaj Iran
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public HealthTehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Shahram Mahmoudi
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of MedicineIran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Samira Vaziri
- Department of BiologyPayame Noor University Tehran PO Box 19395‐4697 Iran
| | | | - Soniya Oliya
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public HealthQazvin University of Medical Sciences Qazvin Iran
| | - Muhammad Getso
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public HealthTehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
- Department of Medical Microbiology and ParasitologyCollege of Health Sciences, Bayero University Kano Nigeria
| | - Sassan Rezaie
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public HealthTehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Profiling of Turkish propolis subtypes: Comparative evaluation of their phytochemical compositions, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2018.04.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
8
|
Ambi A, Vera C, Parikh N, Perez N, Lopez Rojas A, Kumar S, Stradford C, Borbon K, Bryan J, Traba C. Plasma-initiated graft polymerization as an immobilization platform for metal free Russian propolis ethanol extracts designed specifically for biomaterials. BIOFOULING 2018; 34:557-568. [PMID: 29792343 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2018.1471467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The antibacterial and anti-biofilm activities of propolis have been intensively reported. However, the application of this folk remedy as a means to prevent biomedical implant contamination has yet to be completely evaluated. In response to the significant resistant and infectious attributes of biofilms, biomaterials engineered to possess specific chemical and physical properties were immobilized with metal free Russian propolis ethanol extracts (MFRPEE), a known antibacterial agent. The results obtained from this study begin to examine the application of MFRPEE as a novel alternative method for the prevention of medical and biomedical implant infections. When constructed under specific experimental conditions, immobilized biomaterials showed excellent stability when subjected to simulated body fluid and fetal bovine serum. The ability of immobilized biomaterials to specifically target pathogens (both Gram-positive and Gram-negative biofilm forming bacteria), while promoting tissue cell growth, renders these biomaterials as potential candidates for clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashwin Ambi
- a Department of Chemistry , Saint Peter's University , Jersey City , NJ , USA
| | - Carolina Vera
- a Department of Chemistry , Saint Peter's University , Jersey City , NJ , USA
| | - Nisharg Parikh
- a Department of Chemistry , Saint Peter's University , Jersey City , NJ , USA
| | - Naidel Perez
- a Department of Chemistry , Saint Peter's University , Jersey City , NJ , USA
| | - Anthony Lopez Rojas
- a Department of Chemistry , Saint Peter's University , Jersey City , NJ , USA
| | - Sanket Kumar
- a Department of Chemistry , Saint Peter's University , Jersey City , NJ , USA
| | | | - Katherine Borbon
- a Department of Chemistry , Saint Peter's University , Jersey City , NJ , USA
| | - Julia Bryan
- a Department of Chemistry , Saint Peter's University , Jersey City , NJ , USA
| | - Christian Traba
- a Department of Chemistry , Saint Peter's University , Jersey City , NJ , USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ambi A, Bryan J, Borbon K, Centeno D, Liu T, Chen TP, Cattabiani T, Traba C. Are Russian propolis ethanol extracts the future for the prevention of medical and biomedical implant contaminations? PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 30:50-58. [PMID: 28545669 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2017.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Revised: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most studies reveal that the mechanism of action of propolis against bacteria is functional rather than structural and is attributed to a synergism between the compounds in the extracts. HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE Propolis is said to inhibit bacterial adherence, division, inhibition of water-insoluble glucan formation, and protein synthesis. However, it has been shown that the mechanism of action of Russian propolis ethanol extracts is structural rather than functional and may be attributed to the metals found in propolis. If the metals found in propolis are removed, cell lysis still occurs and these modified extracts may be used in the prevention of medical and biomedical implant contaminations. STUDY DESIGN The antibacterial activity of metal-free Russian propolis ethanol extracts (MFRPEE) on two biofilm forming bacteria: penicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli was evaluated using MTT and a Live/Dead staining technique. Toxicity studies were conducted on mouse osteoblast (MC-3T3) cells using the same viability assays. METHODS In the MTT assay, biofilms were incubated with MTT at 37°C for 30min. After washing, the purple formazan formed inside the bacterial cells was dissolved by SDS and then measured using a microplate reader by setting the detecting and reference wavelengths at 570nm and 630nm, respectively. Live and dead distributions of cells were studied by confocal laser scanning microscopy. RESULTS Complete biofilm inactivation was observed when biofilms were treated for 40h with 2µg/ml of MFRPEE. Results indicate that the metals present in propolis possess antibacterial activity, but do not have an essential role in the antibacterial mechanism of action. Additionally, the same concentration of metals found in propolis samples, were toxic to tissue cells. Comparable to samples with metals, metal free samples caused damage to the cell membrane structures of both bacterial species, resulting in cell lysis. CONCLUSION Results suggest that the structural mechanism of action of Russian propolis ethanol extracts stem predominate from the organic compounds. Further studies revealed drastically reduced toxicity to mammalian cells when metals were removed from Russian propolis ethanol extracts, suggesting a potential for medical and biomedical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashwin Ambi
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Peter's University, Jersey City, NJ 07306, USA
| | - Julia Bryan
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Peter's University, Jersey City, NJ 07306, USA
| | - Katherine Borbon
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Peter's University, Jersey City, NJ 07306, USA
| | - Daniel Centeno
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Peter's University, Jersey City, NJ 07306, USA
| | - Tianchi Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chemistry, and Biological Sciences, Charles V. Schaefer School of Engineering and Sciences, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA
| | - Tung Po Chen
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Ocean Engineering, Charles V. Schaefer School of Engineering and Sciences, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA
| | - Thomas Cattabiani
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chemistry, and Biological Sciences, Charles V. Schaefer School of Engineering and Sciences, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA
| | - Christian Traba
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Peter's University, Jersey City, NJ 07306, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Bryan J, Redden P, Traba C. The mechanism of action of Russian propolis ethanol extracts against two antibiotic-resistant biofilm-forming bacteria. Lett Appl Microbiol 2016; 62:192-8. [PMID: 26643709 DOI: 10.1111/lam.12532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Revised: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The interaction between antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and antibiotic-sensitive Escherichia coli biofilm-forming bacteria and Russian propolis ethanol extracts was evaluated. In this study, bacterial cell death occurred when the cell membranes of bacteria interacted specifically with the antibacterial compounds found in propolis. In order to understand the Russian propolis ethanol extract mechanism of action, microscopy and bacterial lysis studies were conducted. Results uncovered from these experiments imply that the mechanism of action of Russian propolis ethanol extracts is structural rather than functional. The results obtained throughout this study demonstrate cell membrane damage, resulting in cell lysis and eventually bacterial death. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Most strains of bacteria and subsequently biofilms, have evolved and have altered their chemical composition in an attempt to protect themselves from antibiotics. The resistant nature of bacteria stems from the chemical rather than the physical means of inactivation of antibiotics. The results uncovered in this work demonstrate the potential application of Russian propolis ethanol extracts as a very efficient and effective method for bacterial and biofilm inactivation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Bryan
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Peter's University, Jersey City, NJ, USA
| | - P Redden
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Peter's University, Jersey City, NJ, USA
| | - C Traba
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Peter's University, Jersey City, NJ, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Yildirim A, Duran GG, Duran N, Jenedi K, Bolgul BS, Miraloglu M, Muz M. Antiviral Activity of Hatay Propolis Against Replication of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 and Type 2. Med Sci Monit 2016; 22:422-30. [PMID: 26856414 PMCID: PMC4750782 DOI: 10.12659/msm.897282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Propolis is a bee product widely used in folk medicine and possessing many pharmacological properties. In this study we aimed to investigate: i) the antiviral activities of Hatay propolis samples against HSV-1 and HSV-2 in HEp-2 cell line, and ii) the presence of the synergistic effects of propolis with acyclovir against these viruses. Material/Methods All experiments were carried out in HEp-2 cell cultures. Proliferation assays were performed in 24-well flat bottom microplates. We inoculated 1×105 cells per ml and RPMI 1640 medium with 10% fetal calf serum into each well. Studies to determine cytotoxic effect were performed. To investigate the presence of antiviral activity of propolis samples, different concentrations of propolis (3200, 1600, 800, 400, 200, 100, 75, 50, and 25 μg/mL) were added into the culture medium. The amplifications of HSV-1 and HSV-2 DNA were performed by real-time PCR method. Acyclovir (Sigma, USA) was chosen as a positive control. Cell morphology was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results The replication of HSV-1 and HSV-2 was significantly suppressed in the presence of 25, 50, and 100 μg/mL of Hatay propolis. We found that propolis began to inhibit HSV-1 replication after 24 h of incubation and propolis activity against HSV-2 was found to start at 48 h following incubation. The activity of propolis against both HSV-1 and HSV-2 was confirmed by a significant decrease in the number of viral copies. Conclusions We determined that Hatay propolis samples have important antiviral effects compared with acyclovir. In particular, the synergy produced by antiviral activity of propolis and acyclovir combined had a stronger effect against HSV-1 and HSV-2 than acyclovir alone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayse Yildirim
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Mustafa Kemal University, Medical Faculty, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Gulay Gulbol Duran
- Department of Medical Biology, Mustafa Kemal University, Medical Faculty, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Nizami Duran
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mustafa Kemal University, Medical Faculty, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Kemal Jenedi
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mustafa Kemal University, Medical Faculty, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Behiye Sezgin Bolgul
- Department of Pedodontics, Mustafa Kemal University, Faculty of Dentistry, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Meral Miraloglu
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Cukurova University, Medical Faculty, Adana, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Muz
- Department of Parasitology, Namık Kemal University, Veterinary Faculty, Tekirdag, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Bankova V, Galabov AS, Antonova D, Vilhelmova N, Di Perri B. Chemical composition of Propolis Extract ACF® and activity against herpes simplex virus. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 21:1432-8. [PMID: 25022206 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2014.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2013] [Revised: 03/12/2014] [Accepted: 04/20/2014] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Propolis Extract ACF(®) (PPE) is a purified extract manufactured from propolis collected in a Canadian region rich in poplar trees, and it is the active substance of a topical ointment used against herpes labialis (cold sores or fever blisters). Aim of this study was to analyze the chemical composition of PPE in order to understand the plant origin and possible relations between compounds and antiviral activity, and to characterize the antiviral activity of the extract against herpes simplex virus in vitro. MATERIAL AND METHODS The analysis of the propolis extract samples was conducted by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The antiviral activity was tested against herpes simplex viruses type 1 and type 2 in MDBK cell cultures by treating the cells with PPE at the time of virus adsorption, and by incubating the virus with the extract before infection (virucidal assay). RESULTS Results from the GC-MS analyses revealed a dual plant origin of PPE, with components derived from resins of two different species of poplar. The chemical composition appeared standardized between extract samples and was also reproduced in the sample of topical ointment. The antiviral studies showed that PPE had a pronounced virucidal effect against herpes simplex viruses type 1 and type 2, and also interfered with virus adsorption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V Bankova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - A S Galabov
- Department of Virology, The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - D Antonova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - N Vilhelmova
- Department of Virology, The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - B Di Perri
- Enzpharma (UK) Ltd, Forum House, Stirling Road, PO19 7DN Chichester, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Animal models of bacterial keratitis. J Biomed Biotechnol 2011; 2011:680642. [PMID: 21274270 PMCID: PMC3022227 DOI: 10.1155/2011/680642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2010] [Revised: 11/29/2010] [Accepted: 12/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial keratitis is a disease of the cornea characterized by pain, redness, inflammation, and opacity. Common causes of this disease are Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. Animal models of keratitis have been used to elucidate both the bacterial factors and the host inflammatory response involved in the disease. Reviewed herein are animal models of bacterial keratitis and some of the key findings in the last several decades.
Collapse
|
14
|
Duran N, Muz M, Culha G, Duran G, Ozer B. GC-MS analysis and antileishmanial activities of two Turkish propolis types. Parasitol Res 2010; 108:95-105. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-010-2039-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2010] [Accepted: 08/26/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
15
|
In vitro antileishmanial activity of Adana propolis samples on Leishmania tropica: a preliminary study. Parasitol Res 2008; 102:1217-25. [PMID: 18264819 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-008-0896-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2007] [Accepted: 01/21/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Propolis (bee glue) is a natural resinous hive product, collected from various plant sources. It has attracted much attention as a useful substance applied in medicine due to its pharmacological activities. It was aimed to investigate the in vitro effects of an ethanolic extract of Adana propolis samples on the growth of Leishmania tropica. Parasite cells were treated with five concentrations (25, 50, 100, 50, 500, and 750 microg/ml) of the propolis. The number of promastigotes in each concentration was calculated using a hemocytometer slide at 24, 48, and 72 h after being harvested. In the experiments, it was determined that the concentrations up to 100 mug/ml of the propolis did not exhibit antileishmanial activity against the parasites cells. At these concentrations, there was no changes in terms of morphologically. In addition, there was no statistically significant difference in terms of cell count between control and these three groups (p > 0.05). However, in culture media containing the propolis samples at 250, 500, and 750-microg/ml concentrations, statistically significant differences in cell counts were observed, as compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Our results demonstrate that ethanolic extracts of Adana propolis samples reduce the proliferation of L. tropica parasites significantly.
Collapse
|
16
|
Onlen Y, Duran N, Atik E, Savas L, Altug E, Yakan S, Aslantas O. Antibacterial activity of propolis against MRSA and synergism with topical mupirocin. J Altern Complement Med 2008; 13:713-8. [PMID: 17931063 DOI: 10.1089/acm.2007.7021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the present study was to investigate the activity of the propolis and its combinations with mupirocin against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in nasal carriage. METHODS This study was carried out between June and August 2005. To infect nares of the rabbits, MRSA (ATCC 33591) strain was used. Minimum inhibitory concentration was determined according to National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. Each inoculum was prepared in the same medium at a density adjusted to a 0.5 McFarland turbidity standard (10(5) colony-forming units [cfu]/mL) and diluted 1:100 for the broth microdilution procedure. Ten microliters (10 microL) (10(5) cfu/mL) of the bacterial suspension containing approximately 1000 cfu of MRSA was administered with sterile microsyringe through both nostrils of each rabbit. Ninety-six (96) hours after inoculation, the presence of infection was confirmed by using bacterial cultures. Twenty-six young New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into 4 groups. Each treatment group (1, 2, and 3) included 7 rabbits and control group (group 4) included 5 rabbits. Group 1 was treated with topical mupirocin + ethanolic extract of propolis drops, group 2 received topical mupirocin, group 3 was administered ethanolic extract of propolis drops, and the control group (group 4) was only treated with phosphate-buffered solution drops for 7 days. At the end of study, nasal cultures and smears were obtained for bacterial count and cytologic examination. RESULTS The colony numbers of bacteria in group 1 were determined to be significantly lower than in group 2 (p = 0.0001), group 3 (p = 0.0001), and group 4 (p = 0.0001). The mean bacterial cell counts of groups 1-4 were 360.2 +/- 52.4 cfu/mL, 4120.6 +/- 860.4 cfu/mL, 5980.8 +/- 1240.6 cfu/mL, and 11500.0 +/- 2568.4 cfu/mL, respectively. Mupirocin + propolis administration (group 1) resulted in a significant reduction in the polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMNL) count in the mucous membranes of rabbits compared with the other treatment groups (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Propolis addition to mupirocin regimen was found to result in more profound reduction in bacterial cell count and inflammatory response compared with the rest of the treatment modalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yusuf Onlen
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Mustafa Kemal University Faculty of Medicine, Hatay, Turkey
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|