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Santos R, Turck P, de Mello Palma V, Visioli F, Ortiz VD, Proença ICT, Fernandes TRG, Fernandes E, Tasca S, Carraro CC, Belló-Klein A, da Rosa Araujo AS, Khaper N, de Castro AL. MELATONIN IMPROVES NITRIC OXIDE BIOAVAILABILITY IN ISOPROTERENOL INDUCED MYOCARDIAL INJURY. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2024:112279. [PMID: 38797355 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2024.112279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Isoproterenol administration is associated with cardiac inflammation and decreased NO availability. Melatonin has been reported to have cardioprotective effect. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of melatonin on NO bioavailability and inflammation in myocardial injury induced by isoproterenol. Isoproterenol was administrated in male Wistar rats for 7 days to induce cardiac injury. The animals were divided into 3 groups: Control, Isoproterenol, Isoproterenol + Melatonin. Animals received melatonin for 7 days. Echocardiographic analysis was performed and the hearts were collected for molecular analysis. Animals that received isoproterenol demonstrated a reduction in left ventricle systolic and diastolic diameter, indicating the presence of concentric hypertrophy. Melatonin was able to attenuate this alteration. Melatonin also improved NO bioavailability and decreased NF-κβ, TNFα and IL-1β expression. In conclusion, melatonin exhibited a cardioprotective effect which was associated with improving NO bioavailability and decreasing the pro-inflammatory proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramison Santos
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Reactive Oxygen Species, Physiology Department, Institute of Basic Health Science (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2600 - Santa Cecília, CEP: 90035-003 - Porto Alegre - RS - Brazil
| | - Patrick Turck
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Reactive Oxygen Species, Physiology Department, Institute of Basic Health Science (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2600 - Santa Cecília, CEP: 90035-003 - Porto Alegre - RS - Brazil
| | - Victor de Mello Palma
- Faculdade de Odontologia. Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2492 - Santa Cecília, CEP: 90035-004 - Porto Alegre - RS - Brazil
| | - Fernanda Visioli
- Faculdade de Odontologia. Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2492 - Santa Cecília, CEP: 90035-004 - Porto Alegre - RS - Brazil
| | - Vanessa Duarte Ortiz
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Reactive Oxygen Species, Physiology Department, Institute of Basic Health Science (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2600 - Santa Cecília, CEP: 90035-003 - Porto Alegre - RS - Brazil
| | - Isabel Cristina Teixeira Proença
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Reactive Oxygen Species, Physiology Department, Institute of Basic Health Science (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2600 - Santa Cecília, CEP: 90035-003 - Porto Alegre - RS - Brazil
| | - Tânia Regina G Fernandes
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Reactive Oxygen Species, Physiology Department, Institute of Basic Health Science (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2600 - Santa Cecília, CEP: 90035-003 - Porto Alegre - RS - Brazil
| | - Elissa Fernandes
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Reactive Oxygen Species, Physiology Department, Institute of Basic Health Science (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2600 - Santa Cecília, CEP: 90035-003 - Porto Alegre - RS - Brazil
| | - Silvio Tasca
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Reactive Oxygen Species, Physiology Department, Institute of Basic Health Science (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2600 - Santa Cecília, CEP: 90035-003 - Porto Alegre - RS - Brazil
| | - Cristina Campos Carraro
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Reactive Oxygen Species, Physiology Department, Institute of Basic Health Science (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2600 - Santa Cecília, CEP: 90035-003 - Porto Alegre - RS - Brazil
| | - Adriane Belló-Klein
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Reactive Oxygen Species, Physiology Department, Institute of Basic Health Science (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2600 - Santa Cecília, CEP: 90035-003 - Porto Alegre - RS - Brazil
| | - Alex Sander da Rosa Araujo
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Reactive Oxygen Species, Physiology Department, Institute of Basic Health Science (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2600 - Santa Cecília, CEP: 90035-003 - Porto Alegre - RS - Brazil
| | - Neelam Khaper
- Northern Ontario School of Medicine University- 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay-ON-Canada
| | - Alexandre Luz de Castro
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Reactive Oxygen Species, Physiology Department, Institute of Basic Health Science (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2600 - Santa Cecília, CEP: 90035-003 - Porto Alegre - RS - Brazil.
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Chin CG, Chen YC, Lin FJ, Lin YK, Lu YY, Cheng TY, Chen SA, Chen YJ. Targeting NLRP3 signaling reduces myocarditis-induced arrhythmogenesis and cardiac remodeling. J Biomed Sci 2024; 31:42. [PMID: 38650023 PMCID: PMC11034044 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-024-01032-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myocarditis substantially increases the risk of ventricular arrhythmia. Approximately 30% of all ventricular arrhythmia cases in patients with myocarditis originate from the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT). However, the role of NLRP3 signaling in RVOT arrhythmogenesis remains unclear. METHODS Rats with myosin peptide-induced myocarditis (experimental group) were treated with an NLRP3 inhibitor (MCC950; 10 mg/kg, daily for 14 days) or left untreated. Then, they were subjected to electrocardiography and echocardiography. Ventricular tissue samples were collected from each rat's RVOT, right ventricular apex (RVA), and left ventricle (LV) and examined through conventional microelectrode and histopathologic analyses. In addition, whole-cell patch-clamp recording, confocal fluorescence microscopy, and Western blotting were performed to evaluate ionic currents, intracellular Ca2+ transients, and Ca2+-modulated protein expression in individual myocytes isolated from the RVOTs. RESULTS The LV ejection fraction was lower and premature ventricular contraction frequency was higher in the experimental group than in the control group (rats not exposed to myosin peptide). Myocarditis increased the infiltration of inflammatory cells into cardiac tissue and upregulated the expression of NLRP3; these observations were more prominent in the RVOT and RVA than in the LV. Furthermore, experimental rats treated with MCC950 (treatment group) improved their LV ejection fraction and reduced the frequency of premature ventricular contraction. Histopathological analysis revealed higher incidence of abnormal automaticity and pacing-induced ventricular tachycardia in the RVOTs of the experimental group than in those of the control and treatment groups. However, the incidences of these conditions in the RVA and LV were similar across the groups. The RVOT myocytes of the experimental group exhibited lower Ca2+ levels in the sarcoplasmic reticulum, smaller intracellular Ca2+ transients, lower L-type Ca2+ currents, larger late Na+ currents, larger Na+-Ca2+ exchanger currents, higher reactive oxygen species levels, and higher Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II levels than did those of the control and treatment groups. CONCLUSION Myocarditis may increase the rate of RVOT arrhythmogenesis, possibly through electrical and structural remodeling. These changes may be mitigated by inhibiting NLRP3 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chye-Gen Chin
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Chang Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fong-Jhih Lin
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Kuo Lin
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Yu Lu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Sijhih Cathay General Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Yu Cheng
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ann Chen
- Heart Rhythm Center and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Jen Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Müller M, Donhauser E, Maske T, Bischof C, Dumitrescu D, Rudolph V, Klinke A. Mitochondrial Integrity Is Critical in Right Heart Failure Development. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11108. [PMID: 37446287 PMCID: PMC10342493 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241311108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular processes underlying right ventricular (RV) dysfunction (RVD) and right heart failure (RHF) need to be understood to develop tailored therapies for the abatement of mortality of a growing patient population. Today, the armament to combat RHF is poor, despite the advancing identification of pathomechanistic processes. Mitochondrial dysfunction implying diminished energy yield, the enhanced release of reactive oxygen species, and inefficient substrate metabolism emerges as a potentially significant cardiomyocyte subcellular protagonist in RHF development. Dependent on the course of the disease, mitochondrial biogenesis, substrate utilization, redox balance, and oxidative phosphorylation are affected. The objective of this review is to comprehensively analyze the current knowledge on mitochondrial dysregulation in preclinical and clinical RVD and RHF and to decipher the relationship between mitochondrial processes and the functional aspects of the right ventricle (RV).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Müller
- Agnes Wittenborg Institute for Translational Cardiovascular Research, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum NRW, University Hospital of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 32545 Bad Oeynhausen, Germany; (M.M.)
- Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology/Angiology, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum NRW, University Hospital of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 32545 Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Elfi Donhauser
- Agnes Wittenborg Institute for Translational Cardiovascular Research, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum NRW, University Hospital of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 32545 Bad Oeynhausen, Germany; (M.M.)
- Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology/Angiology, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum NRW, University Hospital of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 32545 Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Tibor Maske
- Agnes Wittenborg Institute for Translational Cardiovascular Research, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum NRW, University Hospital of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 32545 Bad Oeynhausen, Germany; (M.M.)
- Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology/Angiology, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum NRW, University Hospital of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 32545 Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Cornelius Bischof
- Agnes Wittenborg Institute for Translational Cardiovascular Research, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum NRW, University Hospital of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 32545 Bad Oeynhausen, Germany; (M.M.)
- Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology/Angiology, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum NRW, University Hospital of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 32545 Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Daniel Dumitrescu
- Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology/Angiology, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum NRW, University Hospital of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 32545 Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Volker Rudolph
- Agnes Wittenborg Institute for Translational Cardiovascular Research, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum NRW, University Hospital of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 32545 Bad Oeynhausen, Germany; (M.M.)
- Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology/Angiology, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum NRW, University Hospital of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 32545 Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Anna Klinke
- Agnes Wittenborg Institute for Translational Cardiovascular Research, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum NRW, University Hospital of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 32545 Bad Oeynhausen, Germany; (M.M.)
- Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology/Angiology, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum NRW, University Hospital of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 32545 Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
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Ma Q, Wang M, Li L, Zhang X, Cui L, Mou J, Sun G, Zhang Q. Jiedu Quyu Decoction mitigates monocrotaline-induced right-sided heart failure associated with pulmonary artery hypertension by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome in rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 313:116556. [PMID: 37142147 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Right-side heart failure could accelerate mortality in patients of pulmonary hypertension, Jiedu Quyu Decoction (JDQYF) was used to manage pulmonary hypertension, but its right-sided heart protective effect associated with pulmonary artery hypertension is still unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY Here, we evaluated the therapeutic effect of JDQYF on monocrotaline-induced right-sided heart failure associated with pulmonary arterial hypertension in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats and investigated the potential mechanism of action. MATERIALS AND METHODS The main chemical components of JDQYF were detected and analyzed using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The effects of JDQYF were investigated using a rat model of monocrotaline-induced right-sided heart failure associated with pulmonary arterial hypertension. We assessed the morphology of cardiac tissue using histopathology and the structure and function of the right heart using echocardiography. The biomarkers of heart failure, atrial natriuretic peptide and B-type natriuretic peptide, as well as serum pro-inflammatory markers, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-18, were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Furthermore, the mRNA and protein expression levels of NLRP3 (NOD-, LRR-, and pyrin domain-containing 3), capase-1, IL-1β, and IL-18 in the right heart tissue were examined by real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR and western blotting. RESULTS JDQYF improved ventricular function, alleviated pathological lesions in the right cardiac tissue, reduced the expression levels of biomarkers of heart failure and serum pro-inflammatory factors (IL-1β and IL-18), and downregulated the mRNA and protein expression levels of NLRP3, caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-18 in the right cardiac tissue. CONCLUSIONS JDQYF possesses cardioprotective effect against right heart failure induced by pulmonary arterial hypertension, possibly owing to reduction of cardiac inflammation through the inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuxiao Ma
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China; Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Min Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Lanfang Li
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China.
| | - Lixin Cui
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China.
| | - Junyu Mou
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Guibo Sun
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Qiong Zhang
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China.
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Li X, Zhang X, Hou X, Bing X, Zhu F, Wu X, Guo N, Zhao H, Xu F, Xia M. Obstructive sleep apnea-increased DEC1 regulates systemic inflammation and oxidative stress that promotes development of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Apoptosis 2022; 28:432-446. [PMID: 36484960 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-022-01797-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), characterized by chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH), is a common risk factor for pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). As a hypoxia-induced transcription factor, differentially expressed in chondrocytes (DEC1) negatively regulates the transcription of peroxisome proliferative activated receptor-γ (PPARγ), a recognized protective factor of PAH. However, whether and how DEC1 is associated with PAH pathogenesis remains unclear. In the present study, we found that DEC1 was increased in lungs and pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) of rat models of OSA-associated PAH. Oxidative indicators and inflammatory cytokines were also elevated in the blood of the rats. Similarly, hypoxia-treated PASMCs displayed enhanced DEC1 expression and reduced PPARγ expression in vitro. Functionally, DEC1 overexpression exacerbated reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (such as TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6, and MCP-1) in PASMCs. Conversely, shRNA knockdown of Dec1 increased PPARγ expression but attenuated hypoxia-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in PASMCs. Additionally, DEC1 overexpression promoted PASMC proliferation, which was drastically attenuated by a PPARγ agonist rosiglitazone. Collectively, these results suggest that hypoxia-induced DEC1 inhibits PPARγ, and that this is a predominant mechanism underpinning oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in PASMCs during PAH. DEC1 could be used as a potential target to treat PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, 250021, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaozhi Hou
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, 250021, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xin Bing
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, 250021, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Fangyuan Zhu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, 250021, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xinhao Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, 250021, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Na Guo
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, 250021, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, 250021, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Fenglei Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, 250021, Jinan, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Ming Xia
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, 250021, Jinan, Shandong Province, China.
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Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Therapy for Pulmonary Hypertension: A Comprehensive Review of Preclinical Studies. J Interv Cardiol 2022; 2022:5451947. [PMID: 36419957 PMCID: PMC9652076 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5451947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a type of clinical pathophysiological syndrome characterized by a progressive increase in pulmonary vascular resistance and subsequent progressive failure of the right heart function, and is a common complication of many diseases. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) autonomously home to sites damaged by disease, repair damaged tissues, and participate in the regulation of systemic inflammation and immune responses, which have good clinical application prospects. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), such as exosomes and microvesicles, participate in various biological activities by regulating intercellular communication. Exosomes secreted into the extracellular environment also affect the host immune system. MSC-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs), as a mediator in the paracrine processes of MSCs, carry biologically active substances such as proteins, lipids, mRNA, and micro-RNA. MSC-EVs therapies, safer than cell-based treatments, have been shown to be effective in modulating macrophages to support anti-inflammatory phenotypes, which are strongly related to histological and functional benefits in preclinical models of pulmonary hypertension. The main effects of active substances and their potential medical value have attracted wide attention from researchers. This article reviews the role and relevant mechanisms of MSC-EVs in the treatment of pulmonary hypertension in recent studies and provides a basis for their future clinical applications.
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The Effects of Alpha-Glycerylphosphorylcholine on Heart Rate Variability and Hemodynamic Variables Following Sprint Interval Exercise in Overweight and Obese Women. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14193970. [PMID: 36235623 PMCID: PMC9572742 DOI: 10.3390/nu14193970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study examined the effects of Alpha-Glycerylphosphorylcholine (A-GPC) on heart rate variability (HRV) and hemodynamic responses following a sprint interval exercise (SIE) in women who were overweight or obese. Participants (n = 12, 31.0 ± 4.6 years; 29.4 ± 2.1 kg/m2) consumed 1000 mg of A-GPC or a placebo after eating breakfast in a randomized, double-blind cross-over design. After 60 min, participants performed two bouts of the SIE (30 s Wingate) interspersed with 4 min of active recovery (40 rpm). Hemodynamic variables and HRV domains were measured before and 60 min after the A-GPC consumption, immediately after SIE, and every 15 min up to 120 min during recovery. A-GPC consumption increased resting levels of both the time domain (Standard Deviation of RR wave intervals [SDNN] and percentage of interval differences of adjacent RR intervals greater than 50 ms [pNN50%]) and frequency domain (high frequency [HF] and low frequency [LF]) variables of HRV (p < 0.05). Moreover, HRV variables (except for LF/HF) decreased (p < 0.05) immediately after SIE in the A-GPC and placebo sessions. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure increased (p < 0.05) immediately after SIE in both trials. Both HRV and hemodynamic variables recovered (p < 0.05) faster in the A-GPC compared to the placebo session. We concluded that A-GPC consumption recovers HRV and blood pressure faster following strenuous exercise in overweight and obese women, and that it might favorably modify cardiac autonomic function.
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The Balance between the Left and Right Ventricular Deformation Evaluated by Speckle Tracking Echocardiography Is a Great Predictor of the Major Adverse Cardiac Event in Patients with Pulmonary Hypertension. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12092266. [PMID: 36140667 PMCID: PMC9497475 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12092266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular failure is one of the most relevant causes of death in pulmonary hypertension (PH). With progressive increases of right ventricular (RV) afterload in PH patients, both RV and left ventricular (LV) function impair and RV–LV dyssynchrony develop in parallel. We aimed to analyze the balance between the left and right ventricular deformation to assess the outcome of patients with pulmonary hypertension by means of speckle tracking echocardiography. In this prospective study, 54 patients with invasively diagnosed pulmonary hypertension, and 26 healthy volunteers were included and underwent a broad panel of noninvasive assessment including 2D-echocardiography, 2D speckle tracking, 6-minute walking test and BNP. Patients were followed up for 338.7 ± 131.1 (range 60 to 572) days. There were significant differences in |LVGLS/RVFLS-1| and |LASc/RASc-1| between PH patients and the control group. During the follow up, 13 patients experienced MACEs, which included 7 patients with cardiac death and 6 patients with re-admitted hospital due to right ventricular dysfunction. In the multivariate Cox model analysis, |LVGLS/RVFLS-1| remained independent prognosis of markers (HR = 4.03). Our study findings show that |LVGLS/RVFLS-1| is of high clinical and prognostic relevance in pulmonary hypertension patients and reveal the importance of the balance between the left and right ventricular deformation.
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Al-Shudiefat AAR, Ludke A, Malik A, Jassal DS, Bagchi AK, Singal PK. Olive oil protects against progression of heart failure by inhibiting remodeling of heart subsequent to myocardial infarction in rats. Physiol Rep 2022; 10:e15379. [PMID: 35938295 PMCID: PMC9358399 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
We examined the beneficial effects of olive oil against heart failure post-myocardial infarction (PMI), induced by coronary artery ligation in rats. Animals were divided into sham and ligated groups and fed either regular chow, olive oil (10% wt/wt), or corn oil (10% wt/wt) and were followed up to 16 weeks. On the echocardiography at 3 days (PMI), in the ligated regular chow (LRC), ligated olive oil (LOO), and ligated corn oil (LCO) left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) decrease was 12.14%, 16.42%, and 17.53% from the baseline, respectively. However, only LOO group improved LVEF significantly at 16 weeks PMI and became comparable with all sham groups. Both scar formation and collagen deposition at 16 weeks PMI were less pronounced in the LOO group. Myocardial TNF-α level at 4 weeks of PMI increased by 176%, 11%, and 181% in the LRC, LOO, and LCO groups, respectively. Plasma TNF-α levels in LOO were significantly lower than LRC group after 4 weeks of PMI. Myocardial redox ratio (reduced glutathione/oxidized glutathione) decreased at 4 weeks PMI by 44.4%, 16.4%, and 36.9% in the LRC, LOO, and LCO groups, respectively, compared to the baseline. These changes in the redox ratio at 16 weeks PMI were further exacerbated in the LRC and LCO groups. Lipid hydroperoxides formation increased at 4 weeks PMI by 137.4%, 14.6%, and 97.1% in the LRC, LOO, and LCO groups, respectively. Since coronary artery ligation decreased left ventricular ejection fraction, increased myocardial TNF-α and oxidative stress, and since olive oil was able to inhibit these effects, it is proposed that dietary olive oil modulates cardiac remodeling and heart failure subsequent to myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abd Al-Rahman Al-Shudiefat
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Ana Ludke
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Akshi Malik
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Davinder S Jassal
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Section of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Ashim K Bagchi
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiology Division, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and the Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Pawan K Singal
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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10
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Pei Z, Wang F, Wang K, Wang L. Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide in the Development and Treatment of Cardiac Remodeling and Aging. Mini Rev Med Chem 2022; 22:2310-2317. [DOI: 10.2174/1389557522666220304121917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Recently, the beneficial effects of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) as an antiaging and antioxidant molecule have become a focus of research. However, the mechanisms by which NAD+ supplementation affects the associated metabolites under physiological conditions remain unclear. Specifically, although NAD+ is involved in several processes that are dysregulated in cardiovascular diseases, some effects of NAD+ precursors and NAD+ on cardiac diseases have started to gain recognition only recently.
Objective:
To discuss the influence of NAD+ supplementation on adverse cardiac remodeling and aging.
Results:
Supplementation with NAD+ precursors or nicotinamide riboside, which enhances or supplements the NAD+ metabolome, might have a protective effect on the heart. NAD+ can alleviate chronic heart failure via a mitochondrial oxidation–reduction (redox) state mechanism. Furthermore, NAD+ replenishment can improve the life span of mice.
Conclusion:
NAD+ exerts considerable antiaging and antioxidant effects with promising therapeutic effects. However, its effect in humans and use as a dietary supplement need to be studied further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuowei Pei
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 1 Dahua Road, Dong Dan, Beijing 100730, P. R. China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 1 Dahua Road, Dong Dan, Beijing 100730, P. R. China
| | - Kanglin Wang
- Hefei Knature Bio-pharm Co., Ltd., No. 32 Meichong Lake Road, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- Hefei Knature Bio-pharm Co., Ltd., No. 32 Meichong Lake Road, Hefei, P. R. China
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11
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Türck P, Salvador IS, Campos-Carraro C, Ortiz V, Bahr A, Andrades M, Belló-Klein A, da Rosa Araujo AS. Blueberry extract improves redox balance and functional parameters in the right ventricle from rats with pulmonary arterial hypertension. Eur J Nutr 2022; 61:373-386. [PMID: 34374852 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-021-02642-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a disease characterized by increased pulmonary vascular resistance and right ventricle (RV) failure. In this context, oxidative stress is an essential element contributing to PAH's pathophysiology. Thus, blueberry (BB), which has a high antioxidant capacity, emerges as a natural therapeutic approach in PAH. This work evaluated the effect of BB extract on redox balance in RV in a PAH's animal model. METHODS Male Wistar rats (200 ± 20 g) (n = 72) were randomized into eight groups: control (CTR); monocrotaline (MCT); CTR and MCT treated at doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg BB. PAH was induced by administration of MCT (60 mg/kg, intraperitoneal). Rats were treated with BB orally for 5 weeks (2 weeks before monocrotaline and 3 weeks after monocrotaline injection). On day 35, rats were submitted to echocardiography and catheterization, then euthanasia and RV harvesting for biochemical analyses. RESULTS RV hypertrophy, observed in the MCT groups, was reduced with BB treatment. MCT elevated RV systolic pressure and pressure/time derivatives, while the intervention with BB decreased these parameters. PAH decreased RV output and pulmonary artery outflow acceleration/ejection time ratio, while increased RV diameters, parameters restored by BB treatment. Animals from the MCT group showed elevated lipid peroxidation and NADPH oxidase activity, outcomes attenuated in animals treated with BB, which also led to increased catalase activity. CONCLUSION Treatment with BB partially mitigated PAH, which could be associated with improvement of RV redox state. Such findings constitute an advance in the investigation of the role of BB extract in chronic progressive cardiovascular diseases that involve the redox balance, such as PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Türck
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
- Postgraduate Program in Biological Sciences: Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Isadora Schein Salvador
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Cristina Campos-Carraro
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Biological Sciences: Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Ortiz
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Biological Sciences: Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Alan Bahr
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Biological Sciences: Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Michael Andrades
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Adriane Belló-Klein
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Biological Sciences: Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Alex Sander da Rosa Araujo
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Biological Sciences: Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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12
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Coutinho e Silva RDS, Wiggenhauser LM, Simas R, Zanoni FL, Medeiros G, da Silva FB, Ogata DC, Breithaupt-Faloppa AC, Krenning G, Moreira LFP. Thoracic bilateral sympathectomy attenuates oxidative stress and prevents ventricular remodelling in experimental pulmonary hypertension. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2021; 61:1337-1345. [DOI: 10.1093/ejcts/ezab549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a cardiopulmonary disease that affects the pulmonary vasculature, leading to increased afterload and eventually right ventricular (RV) remodelling and failure. Bilateral sympathectomy (BS) has shown promising results in dampening cardiac remodelling and dysfunction in several heart failure models. In the present study, we investigated whether BS reduces pulmonary arterial remodelling and mitigates RV remodelling and failure.
METHODS
PAH was induced in male Wistar rats by intraperitoneal injection of monocrotaline. Rats were divided into 3 groups, involving untreated PAH (n = 15), BS-treated PAH (n = 13) and non-manipulated control rats (n = 13). Three weeks after PAH induction, the rats were anaesthetized and RV function was assessed via the pressure-volume loop catheter approach. Upon completion of the experiment, the lungs and heart were harvested for further analyses.
RESULTS
BS was found to prevent pulmonary artery remodelling, with a clear reduction in α-smooth muscle actin and endothelin-1 expression. RV end-systolic pressure was reduced in the BS group, and preload recruitable stroke work was preserved. BS, therefore, mitigated RV remodelling and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and diminished oxidative stress.
CONCLUSIONS
We showed that thoracic BS may be an important treatment option for PAH patients. Blockade of the sympathetic pathway can prevent pulmonary remodelling and protect the RV from oxidative stress, myocardial remodelling and function decay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael dos Santos Coutinho e Silva
- Laboratório Cirúrgico de Pesquisa Cardiovascular (LIM-11), Instituto do Coração (Incor), Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucas Moritz Wiggenhauser
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Laboratory for Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Rafael Simas
- The Rolf Luft Research Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fernando Luiz Zanoni
- Laboratório Cirúrgico de Pesquisa Cardiovascular (LIM-11), Instituto do Coração (Incor), Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Geisla Medeiros
- Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, UNIVALI, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | | | | | - Ana Cristina Breithaupt-Faloppa
- Laboratório Cirúrgico de Pesquisa Cardiovascular (LIM-11), Instituto do Coração (Incor), Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Guido Krenning
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Laboratory for Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Luiz Felipe Pinho Moreira
- Laboratório Cirúrgico de Pesquisa Cardiovascular (LIM-11), Instituto do Coração (Incor), Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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13
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Jing H, Xie R, Bai Y, Duan Y, Sun C, Wang Y, Cao R, Ling Z, Qu X. The Mechanism Actions of Astragaloside IV Prevents the Progression of Hypertensive Heart Disease Based on Network Pharmacology and Experimental Pharmacology. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:755653. [PMID: 34803698 PMCID: PMC8602690 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.755653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) has been used to treat cardiovascular disease. However, whether AS-IV exerts a protective effect against hypertensive heart disease has not been investigated. This study aimed to investigate the antihypertensive and cardioprotective effects of AS-IV on L-NAME-induced hypertensive rats via network pharmacology and experimental pharmacology. The network pharmacology and bioinformatics analyses were performed to obtain the potential targets of AS-IV and hypertensive heart disease. The rat hypertension model was established by administrated 50 mg/kg/day of L-NAME for 5 weeks. Meanwhile, hypertension rats were intragastrically administrated with vehicle or AS-IV or fosinopril for 5 weeks. Cardiovascular parameters (systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure, heart rates, and body weight), cardiac function parameters (LVEDd, LVEDs, and fractional shortening), cardiac marker enzymes (creatine kinase, CK-MB, and lactate dehydrogenase), cardiac hypertrophy markers (atrial natriuretic peptide and brain natriuretic peptide), endothelial function biomarkers (nitric oxide and eNOS), inflammation biomarkers (IL-6 and TNF-α) and oxidative stress biomarkers (SOD, MDA, and GSH) were measured and cardiac tissue histology performed. Network pharmacological analysis screened the top 20 key genes in the treatment of hypertensive heart disease treated with AS-IV. Besides, AS-IV exerted a beneficial effect on cardiovascular and cardiac function parameters. Moreover, AS-IV alleviated cardiac hypertrophy via down-regulating the expression of ANP and BNP and improved histopathology changes of cardiac tissue. AS-IV improved endothelial function via the up-regulation of eNOS expression, alleviated oxidative stress via increasing antioxidant enzymes activities, and inhibited cardiac inflammation via down-regulating IL-6 and TNF-α expression. Our findings suggested that AS-IV is a potential therapeutic drug to improve L-NAME-induced hypertensive heart disease partly mediated via modulation of eNOS and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Jing
- Department of Cardiovascular, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Rongsheng Xie
- Department of Cardiovascular, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yu Bai
- Department of Cardiovascular, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yuchen Duan
- Department of Cardiovascular, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Chongyang Sun
- Department of CT, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ye Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Rongyi Cao
- Blood Transfusion Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zaisheng Ling
- Department of CT, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiufen Qu
- Department of Cardiovascular, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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14
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Tran HB, Maiolo S, Harper R, Zalewski PD, Reynolds PN, Hodge S. Dysregulated zinc and sphingosine-1-phosphate signaling in pulmonary hypertension: Potential effects by targeting of bone morphogenetic protein receptor type 2 in pulmonary microvessels. Cell Biol Int 2021; 45:2368-2379. [PMID: 34347342 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Recently identified molecular targets in pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) include sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and zinc transporter ZIP12 signaling. This study sought to determine linkages between these pathways, and with BMPR2 signaling. Lung tissues from a rat model of monocrotaline-induced PAH and therapeutic treatment with bone marrow-derived endothelial-like progenitor cells transduced to overexpress BMPR2 were studied. Multifluorescence quantitative confocal microscopy (MQCM) was applied for analysis of protein expression and localization of markers of vascular remodeling (αSMA and BMPR2), parameters of zinc homeostasis (zinc transporter SLC39A/ZIP family members 1, 10, 12 and 14; and metallothionein MT3) and S1P extracellular signaling (SPHK1, SPNS2, S1P receptor isoforms 1, 2, 3, 5) in 20-200 µm pulmonary microvessels. ZIP12 expression in whole lung tissue lysates was assessed by western blot. Spearman nonparametric correlations between MQCM readouts and hemodynamic parameters, Fulton index (FI), and right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) were measured. In line with PAH status, pulmonary microvessels in monocrotaline-treated animals demonstrated significant (p < .05, n = 6 per group) upregulation of αSMA (twofold) and downregulation of BMPR2 (20%). Upregulated ZIP12 (92%), MT3 (57.7%), S1PR2 (54.8%), and S1PR3 (30.3%) were also observed. Significant positive and negative correlations were demonstrated between parameters of zinc homeostasis (ZIP12, MT3), S1P signaling (S1PRs, SPNS2), and vascular remodeling (αSMA, FI, RVSP). MQCM and western blot analysis showed that monocrotaline-induced ZIP12 upregulation could be partially negated by BMPR2-targeted therapy. Our results indicate that altered zinc transport/storage and S1P signaling in the monocrotaline-induced PAH rat model are linked to each other, and could be alleviated by BMPR2-targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai B Tran
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,School of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Suzanne Maiolo
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,School of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Rebecca Harper
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Peter D Zalewski
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Translational Vascular Function Research Collaborative, Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Paul N Reynolds
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,School of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Sandra Hodge
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,School of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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15
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Saputra F, Uapipatanakul B, Lee JS, Hung SM, Huang JC, Pang YC, Muñoz JER, Macabeo APG, Chen KHC, Hsiao CD. Co-Treatment of Copper Oxide Nanoparticle and Carbofuran Enhances Cardiotoxicity in Zebrafish Embryos. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22158259. [PMID: 34361024 PMCID: PMC8435221 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of chemicals to boost food production increases as human consumption also increases. The insectidal, nematicidal and acaricidal chemical carbofuran (CAF), is among the highly toxic carbamate pesticide used today. Alongside, copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO) are also used as pesticides due to their broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. The overuse of these pesticides may lead to leaching into the aquatic environments and could potentially cause adverse effects to aquatic animals. The aim of this study is to assess the effects of carbofuran and copper oxide nanoparticles into the cardiovascular system of zebrafish and unveil the mechanism behind them. We found that a combination of copper oxide nanoparticle and carbofuran increases cardiac edema in zebrafish larvae and disturbs cardiac rhythm of zebrafish. Furthermore, molecular docking data show that carbofuran inhibits acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in silico, thus leading to impair cardiac rhythms. Overall, our data suggest that copper oxide nanoparticle and carbofuran combinations work synergistically to enhance toxicity on the cardiovascular performance of zebrafish larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferry Saputra
- Department of Bioscience Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li 320314, Taiwan;
| | - Boontida Uapipatanakul
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology, Thanyaburi 12110, Thailand;
| | - Jiann-Shing Lee
- Department of Applied Physics, National Pingtung University, Pingtung 900391, Taiwan; (J.-S.L.); (S.-M.H.)
| | - Shih-Min Hung
- Department of Applied Physics, National Pingtung University, Pingtung 900391, Taiwan; (J.-S.L.); (S.-M.H.)
| | - Jong-Chin Huang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Pingtung University, Pingtung 900391, Taiwan; (J.-C.H.); (Y.-C.P.)
| | - Yun-Chieh Pang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Pingtung University, Pingtung 900391, Taiwan; (J.-C.H.); (Y.-C.P.)
| | - John Emmanuel R. Muñoz
- Laboratory for Organic Reactivity, Discovery and Synthesis (LORDS), Research Center for the Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Santo Tomas, Manila 1008, Philippines;
| | - Allan Patrick G. Macabeo
- Laboratory for Organic Reactivity, Discovery and Synthesis (LORDS), Research Center for the Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Santo Tomas, Manila 1008, Philippines;
- Correspondence: (A.P.G.M.); (K.H.-C.C.); (C.-D.H.)
| | - Kelvin H.-C. Chen
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Pingtung University, Pingtung 900391, Taiwan; (J.-C.H.); (Y.-C.P.)
- Correspondence: (A.P.G.M.); (K.H.-C.C.); (C.-D.H.)
| | - Chung-Der Hsiao
- Department of Bioscience Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li 320314, Taiwan;
- Department of Chemistry, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li 320314, Taiwan
- Center for Nanotechnology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li 320314, Taiwan
- Research Center for Aquatic Toxicology and Pharmacology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li 320314, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (A.P.G.M.); (K.H.-C.C.); (C.-D.H.)
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16
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Tardelli LP, Duchatsch F, Herrera NA, Vicentini CA, Okoshi K, Amaral SL. Differential effects of dexamethasone on arterial stiffness, myocardial remodeling and blood pressure between normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats. J Appl Toxicol 2021; 41:1673-1686. [PMID: 33629383 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Dexamethasone (DEX)-induced hypertension is observed in normotensive rats, but little is known about the effects of DEX on spontaneously hypertensive animals (SHR). This study aimed to evaluate the effects of DEX on hemodynamics, cardiac hypertrophy and arterial stiffness in normotensive and hypertensive rats. Wistar rats and SHR were treated with DEX (50 μg/kg s.c., 14 d) or saline. Pulse wave velocity (PWV), echocardiographic parameters, blood pressure (BP), autonomic modulation and histological analyses of heart and thoracic aorta were performed. SHR had higher BP compared with Wistar, associated with autonomic unbalance to the heart. Echocardiographic changes in SHR (vs. Wistar) were suggestive of cardiac remodeling: higher relative wall thickness (RWT, +28%) and left ventricle mass index (LVMI, +26%) and lower left ventricle systolic diameter (LVSD, -19%) and LV diastolic diameter (LVDD, -10%), with slightly systolic dysfunction and preserved diastolic dysfunction. Also, SHR had lower myocardial capillary density and similar collagen deposition area. PWV was higher in SHR due to higher aortic collagen deposition. DEX-treated Wistar rats presented higher BP (~23%) and autonomic unbalance. DEX did not change cardiac structure in Wistar, but PWV (+21%) and aortic collagen deposition area (+21%) were higher compared with control. On the other side, DEX did not change BP or autonomic balance to the heart in SHR, but reduced RWT and LV collagen deposition area (-12% vs. SHRCT ). In conclusion, the results suggest a differential effect of dexamethasone on arterial stiffness, myocardial remodeling and blood pressure between normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidieli P Tardelli
- Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, PIPGCF UFSCar/UNESP, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Francine Duchatsch
- Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, PIPGCF UFSCar/UNESP, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Naiara A Herrera
- Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, PIPGCF UFSCar/UNESP, São Carlos, Brazil
| | | | - Katashi Okoshi
- Department of Medical Clinic, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Sandra L Amaral
- Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, PIPGCF UFSCar/UNESP, São Carlos, Brazil.,Department of Physical Education, School of Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Bauru, Brazil
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17
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Coutinho e Silva RDS, Zanoni FL, Simas R, Moreira LFP. Perspectives of bilateral thoracic sympathectomy for treatment of heart failure. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2021; 76:e3248. [PMID: 34378733 PMCID: PMC8311637 DOI: 10.6061/clinics/2021/e3248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Surgical neuromodulation therapies are still considered a last resort when standard therapies have failed for patients with progressive heart failure (HF). Although a number of experimental studies have provided robust evidence of its effectiveness, the lack of strong clinical evidence discourages practitioners. Thoracic unilateral sympathectomy has been extensively studied and has failed to show significant clinical improvement in HF patients. Most recently, bilateral sympathectomy effect was associated with a high degree of success in HF models, opening the perspective to be investigated in randomized controlled clinical trials. In addition, a series of clinical trials showed that bilateral sympathectomy was associated with a decreased risk of sudden death, which is an important outcome in patients with HF. These aspects indicates that bilateral sympathectomy could be an important alternative in the treatment of HF wherein pharmacological treatment barely reaches the target dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael dos Santos Coutinho e Silva
- Laboratorio Cirurgico de Pesquisa Cardiovascular (LIM-11), Instituto do Coracao (Incor), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
- Corresponding author. E-mail:
| | - Fernando Luiz Zanoni
- Laboratorio Cirurgico de Pesquisa Cardiovascular (LIM-11), Instituto do Coracao (Incor), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
| | - Rafael Simas
- The Rolf Luft Research Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Luiz Felipe Pinho Moreira
- Laboratorio Cirurgico de Pesquisa Cardiovascular (LIM-11), Instituto do Coracao (Incor), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
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18
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Tang C, Luo Y, Li S, Huang B, Xu S, Li L. Characteristics of inflammation process in monocrotaline-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension in rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 133:111081. [PMID: 33378977 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.111081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A growing evidence demonstrates that inflammation is a major contributor to the pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). However, blocking inflammation has only been shown to be of minor clinical benefit due to a lack of understanding of the precise inflammation present in PAH. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate characteristics of inflammatory process in PAH induced by monocrotaline (MCT) in rats. METHODS Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats received a single dose of MCT (50 mg/kg, ip), and the occurrence of PAH and inflammation biomarkers were measured at 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27 and 30 days after MCT injection. RESULTS From the 6th day after the injection of MCT, the mean pulmonary artery pressure gradually increased and doubled on the 30th day, accompanied by right ventricular hypertrophy and pulmonary arterial remodeling in a time-dependent manner. In the first 6 days after MCT treatment, only pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β increased, which was defined as acute inflammatory phase, after that, both pro-inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12 and anti-inflammatory factors Arg1, IL-10, TGF-β increased, which was defined as chronic inflammatory phase. The M1/M2 macrophage ratios in lung and alveolar lavage fluid were elevated on the 6th and 30th day, moreover, which were higher on the 6th than 30th day, and the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway increased along with the progression of PAH and correlated with pro-inflammatory proteins, which revealed also to some extent the characteristics of inflammation of PAH induced by MCT. CONCLUSION The course of PAH induced by MCT injection is progressive with persistent inflammation, which is defined as acute inflammatory phase within 6 days after MCT treatment, after that, is defined as chronic inflammatory phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Tang
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China; Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province and School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563000, China
| | - Yunmei Luo
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China; Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province and School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563000, China
| | - Sha Li
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China; Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province and School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563000, China
| | - Bo Huang
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China; Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province and School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563000, China
| | - Shangfu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China; Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province and School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563000, China.
| | - Lisheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China; Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province and School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563000, China.
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Hirschhäuser C, Sydykov A, Wolf A, Esfandiary A, Bornbaum J, Kutsche HS, Boengler K, Sommer N, Schreckenberg R, Schlüter KD, Weissmann N, Schermuly R, Schulz R. Lack of Contribution of p66shc to Pressure Overload-Induced Right Heart Hypertrophy. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21249339. [PMID: 33302436 PMCID: PMC7762598 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The leading cause of death in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is right ventricular (RV) failure (RVF). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been suggested to play a role in the development of RV hypertrophy (RVH) and the transition to RVF. The hydrogen peroxide-generating protein p66shc has been associated with left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy but its role in RVH is unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine whether genetic deletion of p66shc affects the development and/or progression of RVH and RVF in the pulmonary artery banding (PAB) model of RV pressure overload. The impact of p66shc on mitochondrial ROS formation, RV cardiomyocyte function, as well as on RV morphology and function were studied three weeks after PAB or sham operation. PAB in wild type mice did not affect mitochondrial ROS production or RV cardiomyocyte function, but induced RVH and impaired cardiac function. Genetic deletion of p66shc did also not alter basal mitochondrial ROS production or RV cardiomyocyte function, but impaired RV cardiomyocyte shortening was observed following PAB. The development of RVH and RVF following PAB was not affected by p66shc deletion. Thus, our data suggest that p66shc-derived ROS are not involved in the development and progression of RVH or RVF in PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Hirschhäuser
- Physiologisches Institut, Justus-Liebig-Universität, 35392 Gießen, Germany; (A.W.); (J.B.); (H.S.K.); (K.B.); (R.S.); (K.-D.S.); (R.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-641-99-47252
| | - Akylbek Sydykov
- Excellence Cluster Cardiopulmonary System (ECCPS), Justus-Liebig-Universität, 35392 Gießen, Germany; (A.S.); (A.E.); (N.S.); (N.W.); (R.S.)
| | - Annemarie Wolf
- Physiologisches Institut, Justus-Liebig-Universität, 35392 Gießen, Germany; (A.W.); (J.B.); (H.S.K.); (K.B.); (R.S.); (K.-D.S.); (R.S.)
| | - Azadeh Esfandiary
- Excellence Cluster Cardiopulmonary System (ECCPS), Justus-Liebig-Universität, 35392 Gießen, Germany; (A.S.); (A.E.); (N.S.); (N.W.); (R.S.)
| | - Julia Bornbaum
- Physiologisches Institut, Justus-Liebig-Universität, 35392 Gießen, Germany; (A.W.); (J.B.); (H.S.K.); (K.B.); (R.S.); (K.-D.S.); (R.S.)
| | - Hanna Sarah Kutsche
- Physiologisches Institut, Justus-Liebig-Universität, 35392 Gießen, Germany; (A.W.); (J.B.); (H.S.K.); (K.B.); (R.S.); (K.-D.S.); (R.S.)
| | - Kerstin Boengler
- Physiologisches Institut, Justus-Liebig-Universität, 35392 Gießen, Germany; (A.W.); (J.B.); (H.S.K.); (K.B.); (R.S.); (K.-D.S.); (R.S.)
| | - Natascha Sommer
- Excellence Cluster Cardiopulmonary System (ECCPS), Justus-Liebig-Universität, 35392 Gießen, Germany; (A.S.); (A.E.); (N.S.); (N.W.); (R.S.)
| | - Rolf Schreckenberg
- Physiologisches Institut, Justus-Liebig-Universität, 35392 Gießen, Germany; (A.W.); (J.B.); (H.S.K.); (K.B.); (R.S.); (K.-D.S.); (R.S.)
| | - Klaus-Dieter Schlüter
- Physiologisches Institut, Justus-Liebig-Universität, 35392 Gießen, Germany; (A.W.); (J.B.); (H.S.K.); (K.B.); (R.S.); (K.-D.S.); (R.S.)
| | - Norbert Weissmann
- Excellence Cluster Cardiopulmonary System (ECCPS), Justus-Liebig-Universität, 35392 Gießen, Germany; (A.S.); (A.E.); (N.S.); (N.W.); (R.S.)
| | - Ralph Schermuly
- Excellence Cluster Cardiopulmonary System (ECCPS), Justus-Liebig-Universität, 35392 Gießen, Germany; (A.S.); (A.E.); (N.S.); (N.W.); (R.S.)
| | - Rainer Schulz
- Physiologisches Institut, Justus-Liebig-Universität, 35392 Gießen, Germany; (A.W.); (J.B.); (H.S.K.); (K.B.); (R.S.); (K.-D.S.); (R.S.)
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Teixeira RB, Zimmer A, Godoy AEG, de Castro AL, Campos-Carraro C, Belló-Klein A, da Rosa Araujo AS. Thyroid hormone treatment improved the response to maximum exercise test and preserved the ventricular geometry in myocardial infarcted rats. Exp Physiol 2020; 105:1561-1570. [PMID: 32667095 DOI: 10.1113/ep088614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the central question of this study? Does thyroid hormone treatment given after myocardial infarction preserve left ventricular function and treadmill exercise performance, and improve parameters of oxidative stress in the right ventricle and lungs of Wistar rats? What is the main finding and its importance? Thyroid hormone treatment improved the performance of the maximum exercise test in infarcted rats and induced effects in the heart and lungs that were similar to those observed with exercise training. This suggests there is a significant value of thyroid hormones for preserving exercise tolerance after myocardial infarction. ABSTRACT Left ventricular myocardial infarction (MI) provokes damage in the heart and in other tissues, such as right ventricle and lungs. The present study elucidated whether thyroid hormone treatment (THT) may present positive effects in heart and lungs after MI, and whether or not these effects are similar to those of exercise training (ET). Male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: sham operated (SHAM), infarcted (MI), infarcted + exercise training (MIE), and infarcted + thyroid hormones (MIH). A maximum exercise test, left ventricle echocardiography, pulmonary histology, and oxidative stress in the right ventricle and lung were evaluated. THT and ET both reduced left ventricular dilatation and end-diastolic wall stress indexes to a similar extent. MI accentuated the content of macrophages and inflammatory infiltrate in the lungs, which was partially prevented in the MIH and MIE groups. THT and ET presented similar effects in the heart and lungs, and both improved the performance of the maximum exercise test in infarcted animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rayane Brinck Teixeira
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alexsandra Zimmer
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Alexandre Luz de Castro
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Cristina Campos-Carraro
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Adriane Belló-Klein
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alex Sander da Rosa Araujo
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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21
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Kang Y, Zhang G, Huang EC, Huang J, Cai J, Cai L, Wang S, Keller BB. Sulforaphane prevents right ventricular injury and reduces pulmonary vascular remodeling in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2020; 318:H853-H866. [PMID: 32108526 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00321.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Right ventricular (RV) dysfunction is the main determinant of mortality in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and while inflammation is pathogenic in PAH, there is limited information on the role of RV inflammation in PAH. Sulforaphane (SFN), a potent Nrf2 activator, has significant anti-inflammatory effects and facilitates cardiac protection in preclinical diabetic models. Therefore, we hypothesized that SFN might play a comparable role in reducing RV and pulmonary inflammation and injury in a murine PAH model. We induced PAH using SU5416 and 10% hypoxia (SuHx) for 4 wk in male mice randomized to SFN at a daily dose of 0.5 mg/kg 5 days per week for 4 wk or to vehicle control. Transthoracic echocardiography was performed to characterize chamber-specific ventricular function during PAH induction. At 4 wk, we measured RV pressure and relevant measures of histology and protein and gene expression. SuHx induced progressive RV, but not LV, diastolic and systolic dysfunction, and RV and pulmonary remodeling, fibrosis, and inflammation. SFN prevented SuHx-induced RV dysfunction and remodeling, reduced RV inflammation and fibrosis, upregulated Nrf2 expression and its downstream gene NQO1, and reduced the inflammatory mediator leucine-rich repeat and pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3). SFN also reduced SuHx-induced pulmonary vascular remodeling, inflammation, and fibrosis. SFN alone had no effect on the heart or lungs. Thus, SuHx-induced RV and pulmonary dysfunction, inflammation, and fibrosis can be attenuated or prevented by SFN, supporting the rationale for further studies to investigate SFN and the role of Nrf2 and NLRP3 pathways in preclinical and clinical PAH studies.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in this murine model (SU5416 + hypoxia) is associated with early changes in right ventricular (RV) diastolic and systolic function. RV and lung injury in the SU5416 + hypoxia model are associated with markers for fibrosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Sulforaphane (SFN) alone for 4 wk has no effect on the murine heart or lungs. Sulforaphane (SFN) attenuates or prevents the RV and lung injury in the SUF5416 + hypoxia model of PAH, suggesting that Nrf2 may be a candidate target for strategies to prevent or reverse PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Kang
- Kosair Charities Pediatric Heart Research Program, Cardiovascular Innovation Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky.,Department of Anesthesiology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Guangyan Zhang
- Kosair Charities Pediatric Heart Research Program, Cardiovascular Innovation Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky.,Department of Anesthesiology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Emma C Huang
- Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Jiapeng Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Louisville, Department of Anesthesiology, Jewish Hospital, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Jun Cai
- Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Lu Cai
- Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Sheng Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bradley B Keller
- Kosair Charities Pediatric Heart Research Program, Cardiovascular Innovation Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
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