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Raithatha S, Hagel JM, Matinkhoo K, Yu L, Press D, Cook SG, Sharma G, Dhananjaya D, Jensen G, Lee JB, Cai C, Gallant J, Bains J, Tucker JE, Facchini PJ. Novel Psilocin Prodrugs with Altered Pharmacological Properties as Candidate Therapies for Treatment-Resistant Anxiety Disorders. J Med Chem 2024; 67:1024-1043. [PMID: 37983270 PMCID: PMC10823477 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
The psychedelic prodrug psilocybin has shown therapeutic benefits for the treatment of numerous psychiatric conditions. Despite positive clinical end points targeting depression and anxiety, concerns regarding the duration of the psychedelic experience produced by psilocybin, associated with enduring systemic exposure to the active metabolite psilocin, pose a barrier to its therapeutic application. Our objective was to create a novel prodrug of psilocin with similar therapeutic benefits but a reduced duration of psychedelic effects compared with psilocybin. Here, we report the synthesis and functional screening of 28 new chemical entities. Our strategy was to introduce a diversity of cleavable groups at the 4-hydroxy position of the core indole moiety to modulate metabolic processing. We identified several novel prodrugs of psilocin with altered pharmacokinetic profiles and reduced pharmacological exposure compared with psilocybin. These candidate prodrugs have the potential to maintain the long-term benefits of psilocybin therapy while attenuating the duration of psychedelic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jillian M. Hagel
- Enveric
Biosciences, Inc., 3655
36 Street NW, Calgary, Alberta T2L 1Y8, Canada
| | - Kaveh Matinkhoo
- Enveric
Biosciences, Inc., 3655
36 Street NW, Calgary, Alberta T2L 1Y8, Canada
| | - Lisa Yu
- Enveric
Biosciences, Inc., 3655
36 Street NW, Calgary, Alberta T2L 1Y8, Canada
| | - David Press
- Enveric
Biosciences, Inc., 3655
36 Street NW, Calgary, Alberta T2L 1Y8, Canada
| | - Sarah G. Cook
- Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Govinda Sharma
- Enveric
Biosciences, Inc., 3655
36 Street NW, Calgary, Alberta T2L 1Y8, Canada
| | - D. Dhananjaya
- Enveric
Biosciences, Inc., 3655
36 Street NW, Calgary, Alberta T2L 1Y8, Canada
| | - Glynnis Jensen
- Enveric
Biosciences, Inc., 3655
36 Street NW, Calgary, Alberta T2L 1Y8, Canada
| | - Jessica B. Lee
- Enveric
Biosciences, Inc., 3655
36 Street NW, Calgary, Alberta T2L 1Y8, Canada
| | - Charlie Cai
- Enveric
Biosciences, Inc., 3655
36 Street NW, Calgary, Alberta T2L 1Y8, Canada
| | - Jonathan Gallant
- Enveric
Biosciences, Inc., 3655
36 Street NW, Calgary, Alberta T2L 1Y8, Canada
| | - Jaideep Bains
- Hotchkiss
Brain Institute and Department of Physiology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Joseph E. Tucker
- Enveric
Biosciences, Inc., 3655
36 Street NW, Calgary, Alberta T2L 1Y8, Canada
- Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Peter J. Facchini
- Enveric
Biosciences, Inc., 3655
36 Street NW, Calgary, Alberta T2L 1Y8, Canada
- Department
of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
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Du Q, Gao C, Tsoi B, Wu M, Shen J. Niuhuang Qingxin Wan ameliorates depressive-like behaviors and improves hippocampal neurogenesis through modulating TrkB/ERK/CREB signaling pathway in chronic restraint stress or corticosterone challenge mice. Front Pharmacol 2024; 14:1274343. [PMID: 38273824 PMCID: PMC10808638 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1274343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Chronic stress-associated hormonal imbalance impairs hippocampal neurogenesis, contributing to depressive and anxiety behaviors. Targeting neurogenesis is thus a promising antidepressant therapeutic strategy. Niuhuang Qingxin Wan (NHQXW) is an herbal formula for mental disorders in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) practice, but its anti-depressant efficacies and mechanisms remain unverified. Methods: In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that NHQXW could ameliorate depressive-like behaviors and improve hippocampal neurogenesis by modulating the TrkB/ERK/CREB signaling pathway by utilizing two depression mouse models including a chronic restraint stress (CRS) mouse model and a chronic corticosterone (CORT) stress (CCS) induced mouse model. The depression-like mouse models were orally treated with NHQXW whereas fluoxetine was used as the positive control group. We evaluated the effects of NHQXW on depressive- and anxiety-like behaviors and determined the effects of NHQXW on inducing hippocampal neurogenesis. Results: NHQXW treatment significantly ameliorated depressive-like behaviors in those chronic stress mouse models. NHQXW significantly improved hippocampal neurogenesis in the CRS mice and CCS mice. The potential neurogenic mechanism of NHQXW was identified by regulating the expression levels of BDNF, TrkB, p-ERK (T202/T204), p-MEK1/2 (S217/221), and p-CREB (S133) in the hippocampus area of the CCS mice. NHQXW revealed its antidepressant and neurogenic effects that were similar to fluoxetine. Moreover, NHQXW treatment revealed long-term effects on preventing withdrawal-associated rebound symptoms in the CCS mice. Furthermore, in a bioactivity-guided quality control study, liquiritin was identified as one of the bioactive compounds of NHQXW with the bioactivities of neurogenesis-promoting effects. Discussion: Taken together, NHQXW could be a promising TCM formula to attenuate depressive- and anxiety-like behaviors against chronic stress and depression. The underlying anti-depressant mechanisms could be correlated with its neurogenic activities by stimulating the TrkB/ERK/CREB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaohui Du
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chong Gao
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
- The Institute of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bun Tsoi
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Meiling Wu
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jiangang Shen
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
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Ngoupaye GT, Mokgokong M, Madlala T, Mabandla MV. Alteration of the α5 GABA receptor and 5HTT lead to cognitive deficits associated with major depressive-like behaviors in a 14-day combined stress rat model. Int J Neurosci 2023; 133:959-976. [PMID: 34937496 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2021.2019033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Current models used to study the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD) are laborious and time consuming. This study examined the effect of a 14-day combined stress model (CS; corticosterone injection and restraint stress) in male Sprague-Dawley rats and also compare the effect of CS versus 28-day corticosterone treatment on depressive-like behaviour and cognitive deficits. MATERIEL AND METHODS Depressive-like behaviours and cognitive deficits were assessed in the forced swim test (FST), sucrose preference (SPT), Morris water maze (MWM) and novel object recognition (NORT) tests. Real-time PCR and ELISA were respectively used to detect expression of the serotonin transporter (5-HTT), serotonin 1 A receptor (5-HT1A), α5 GABAA receptor, and the concentrations of corticosterone (plasma), GABA and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in the hippocampus and Prefrontal cortex (PFC).Results CS group showed increased immobility time in the FST, time to reach the MWM platform, higher corticosterone level, and increased expressions of hippocampal and PFC 5-HT1A and α5 GABAA receptors, and AChE compared to their control groups. In contrast, reductions in SPT ratio, discrimination index in NORT, time in target quadrant, and hippocampal 5-HTT expression was noted relative to their control group. Compared to the 28-day corticosterone only group, PFC 5-HT1A, Hippocampal 5-HTT were reduced, while PFC 5-HTT, Hippocampal α5 GABAA receptors, and AChE concentrations were higher in the CS group. CONCLUSION Our CS model induced depressive-like behaviour with early cognitive deficits in rats affecting both hippocampus and PFC. The CS model may be useful in investigating new and comprehensive treatment strategies for MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwladys Temkou Ngoupaye
- Discipline of Human Physiology, School of Laboratory Medicine & Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Makwena Mokgokong
- Discipline of Human Physiology, School of Laboratory Medicine & Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Thobeka Madlala
- Discipline of Human Physiology, School of Laboratory Medicine & Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Musa Vuyisile Mabandla
- Discipline of Human Physiology, School of Laboratory Medicine & Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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Yassi FB, Ngoupaye GT, Kom TD, Tonleu GD, Adassi MB, Foutsop AF, Ngo Bum E. Capparis sepiaria's root bark aqueous lyophilisate shows antiamnesic properties on scopolamine induce cognitive impairment in mice. IBRO Neurosci Rep 2023; 15:355-363. [PMID: 38034861 PMCID: PMC10681918 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2023.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Capparis sepiaria (Capparaceae) is a plant used in African traditional medicine to treat psychiatic disorders. The aim of this study was to assess the anti-amnesic effect of aqueous lyophilisate of the root bark of Capparis sepiaria (C. sepiaria) on scopolamine-induced animal model of memory impairment using Swiss albino adult mice of both sexes. Memory integrity was assessed by Morris water Maze test, Novel Object Recognition (NOR) and Object-location memory (OLT) tasks were used to assess behavioural components of memory processes and learning. Malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), NO levels and catalase were used to assess oxidative stress while acethylcholinesterase activity was used to evaluate acetylcholine activity in the hippocampus tissues. The quantitative phytochemistry and acute toxicity of the roots of C. sepiaria were also evaluated. The aqueous lyophilisate of C. sepiaria at doses of 10 mg/kg and 40 mg/kg significantly increased the discrimination index in the Morris Water Maze and the objet location tasks. The aqueous lyophilisate of C. sepiaria significantly increased hippocampal GSH and catalase levels and decreased hippocampal MDA, NO levels and achetylcholinesterase (AChE) activities. The aqueous lyophilisate of C. sepiaria showed no acute toxicity with a LD50 > 5000 mg/kg, and revealed a content of flavonoids, tannins and phenols. These results suggest that C. sepiaria improve memory impairment induced by scopolamine and therefore possess antiamnesic properties. These properties would result from a modulation of cholinergic neurotransmission as well as an antioxidant activity of the plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis Bray Yassi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Ngaoundere, P.O. Box 454, Ngaoundere, Cameroon
| | - Gwladys Temkou Ngoupaye
- Department of Animal Biology, Animal Physiology and Phytopharmacology Research Unit, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Tatiana Diebo Kom
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Maroua, P.O. Box 814, Maroua, Cameroon
| | - Gabriella Dongmo Tonleu
- Department of Animal Biology, Animal Physiology and Phytopharmacology Research Unit, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Maxwell Blesdel Adassi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Maroua, P.O. Box 814, Maroua, Cameroon
| | - Aurelien Fossueh Foutsop
- Department of Animal Biology, Animal Physiology and Phytopharmacology Research Unit, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Elisabeth Ngo Bum
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Maroua, P.O. Box 814, Maroua, Cameroon
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Tancheva L, Kalfin R, Minchev B, Uzunova D, Tasheva K, Tsvetanova E, Georgieva A, Alexandrova A, Stefanova M, Solak A, Lazarova M, Hodzhev Y, Grigorova V, Yarkov D, Petkova-Kirova P. Memory Recovery Effect of a New Bioactive Innovative Combination in Rats with Experimental Dementia. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2050. [PMID: 38136170 PMCID: PMC10740861 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12122050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease manifests as a complex pathological condition, with neuroinflammation, oxidative stress and cholinergic dysfunction being a few of the many pathological changes. Due to the complexity of the disease, current therapeutic strategies aim at a multitargeted approach, often relying on a combination of substances with versatile and complementary effects. In the present study, a unique combination of α-lipoic acid, citicoline, extracts of leaves from olive tree and green tea, vitamin D3, selenium and an immune-supporting complex was tested in scopolamine-induced dementia in rats. Using behavioral and biochemical methods, we assessed the effects of the combination on learning and memory, and elucidated the mechanisms of these effects. Our results showed that, compared to its components, the experimental combination was most efficient in improving short- and long-term memory as assessed by the step-through method as well as spatial memory as assessed by T-maze and Barnes maze underlined by decreases in AChE activity (p < 0.05) and LPO (p < 0.001), increases in SOD activity in the cortex (p < 0.05) and increases in catalase (p < 0.05) and GPx (p < 0.01) activities and BDNF (p < 0.001) and pCREB (p < 0.05) levels in the hippocampus. No significant histopathological changes or blood parameter changes were detected, making the experimental combination an effective and safe candidate in a multitargeted treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyubka Tancheva
- Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str. 23, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (L.T.); (B.M.); (D.U.); (E.T.); (A.G.); (A.A.); (M.S.); (A.S.); (M.L.)
| | - Reni Kalfin
- Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str. 23, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (L.T.); (B.M.); (D.U.); (E.T.); (A.G.); (A.A.); (M.S.); (A.S.); (M.L.)
- Department of Healthcare, South-West University “Neofit Rilski”, Ivan Mihailov Str. 66, 2700 Blagoevgrad, Bulgaria
| | - Borislav Minchev
- Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str. 23, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (L.T.); (B.M.); (D.U.); (E.T.); (A.G.); (A.A.); (M.S.); (A.S.); (M.L.)
| | - Diamara Uzunova
- Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str. 23, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (L.T.); (B.M.); (D.U.); (E.T.); (A.G.); (A.A.); (M.S.); (A.S.); (M.L.)
| | - Krasimira Tasheva
- Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Elina Tsvetanova
- Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str. 23, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (L.T.); (B.M.); (D.U.); (E.T.); (A.G.); (A.A.); (M.S.); (A.S.); (M.L.)
| | - Almira Georgieva
- Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str. 23, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (L.T.); (B.M.); (D.U.); (E.T.); (A.G.); (A.A.); (M.S.); (A.S.); (M.L.)
| | - Albena Alexandrova
- Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str. 23, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (L.T.); (B.M.); (D.U.); (E.T.); (A.G.); (A.A.); (M.S.); (A.S.); (M.L.)
- National Sports Academy, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Acad. S. Mladenov Str. 21, 1700 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Miroslava Stefanova
- Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str. 23, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (L.T.); (B.M.); (D.U.); (E.T.); (A.G.); (A.A.); (M.S.); (A.S.); (M.L.)
| | - Ayten Solak
- Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str. 23, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (L.T.); (B.M.); (D.U.); (E.T.); (A.G.); (A.A.); (M.S.); (A.S.); (M.L.)
- Institute of Cryobiology and Food Technologies, Cherni Vrah Blvd 53, 1407 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Maria Lazarova
- Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str. 23, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (L.T.); (B.M.); (D.U.); (E.T.); (A.G.); (A.A.); (M.S.); (A.S.); (M.L.)
| | - Yordan Hodzhev
- National Center of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Yanko Sakazov Blvd 26, 1504 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Valya Grigorova
- Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str. 23, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (L.T.); (B.M.); (D.U.); (E.T.); (A.G.); (A.A.); (M.S.); (A.S.); (M.L.)
| | - Dobri Yarkov
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria;
| | - Polina Petkova-Kirova
- Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str. 23, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (L.T.); (B.M.); (D.U.); (E.T.); (A.G.); (A.A.); (M.S.); (A.S.); (M.L.)
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Désiré GNS, Simplice FH, Guillaume CW, Kamal FZ, Parfait B, Hermann TDS, Hervé NAH, Eglantine KW, Linda DKJ, Roland RN, Balbine KN, Blondelle KDL, Ciobica A, Romila L. Cashew ( Anacardium occidentale) Extract: Possible Effects on Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) Axis in Modulating Chronic Stress. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1561. [PMID: 38002521 PMCID: PMC10670073 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13111561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression presents a significant global health burden, necessitating the search for effective and safe treatments. This investigation aims to assess the antidepressant effect of the hydroethanolic extract of Anacardium occidentale (AO) on depression-related behaviors in rats. The depression model involved 42 days of unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS) exposure and was assessed using the sucrose preference and the forced swimming (FST) test. Additionally, memory-related aspects were examined using the tests Y-maze and Morris water maze (MWM), following 21 days of treatment with varying doses of the AO extract (150, 300, and 450 mg/kg) and Imipramine (20 mg/kg), commencing on day 21. The monoamines (norepinephrine, serotonin, and dopamine), oxidative stress markers (MDA and SOD), and cytokines levels (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) within the brain were evaluated. Additionally, the concentration of blood corticosterone was measured. Treatment with AO significantly alleviated UCMS-induced and depressive-like behaviors in rats. This was evidenced by the ability of the extract to prevent further decreases in body mass, increase sucrose consumption, reduce immobility time in the test Forced Swimming, improve cognitive performance in both tests Y-maze and the Morris water maze by increasing the target quadrant dwelling time and spontaneous alternation percentage, and promote faster feeding behavior in the novelty-suppressed feeding test. It also decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines, corticosterone, and MDA levels, and increased monoamine levels and SOD activity. HPLC-MS analysis revealed the presence of triterpenoid compounds (ursolic acid, oleanolic acid, and lupane) and polyphenols (catechin quercetin and kaempferol). These results evidenced the antidepressant effects of the AO, which might involve corticosterone and monoaminergic regulation as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guedang Nyayi Simon Désiré
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Maroua, Maroua P.O. Box 814, Cameroon (F.H.S.); (C.W.G.); (B.P.); (T.D.S.H.); (K.W.E.); (K.D.L.B.)
| | - Foyet Harquin Simplice
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Maroua, Maroua P.O. Box 814, Cameroon (F.H.S.); (C.W.G.); (B.P.); (T.D.S.H.); (K.W.E.); (K.D.L.B.)
| | - Camdi Woumitna Guillaume
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Maroua, Maroua P.O. Box 814, Cameroon (F.H.S.); (C.W.G.); (B.P.); (T.D.S.H.); (K.W.E.); (K.D.L.B.)
| | - Fatima Zahra Kamal
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Processes and Materials, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Hassan First University, B.P. 539, Settat P.O. Box 26000, Morocco
- Preclinical Department, Apollonia University, Păcurari Street 11, 700511 Iași, Romania
| | - Bouvourné Parfait
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Maroua, Maroua P.O. Box 814, Cameroon (F.H.S.); (C.W.G.); (B.P.); (T.D.S.H.); (K.W.E.); (K.D.L.B.)
| | - Tchinda Defo Serge Hermann
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Maroua, Maroua P.O. Box 814, Cameroon (F.H.S.); (C.W.G.); (B.P.); (T.D.S.H.); (K.W.E.); (K.D.L.B.)
| | - Ngatanko Abaissou Hervé Hervé
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Maroua, Maroua P.O. Box 814, Cameroon (F.H.S.); (C.W.G.); (B.P.); (T.D.S.H.); (K.W.E.); (K.D.L.B.)
| | - Keugong Wado Eglantine
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Maroua, Maroua P.O. Box 814, Cameroon (F.H.S.); (C.W.G.); (B.P.); (T.D.S.H.); (K.W.E.); (K.D.L.B.)
| | - Damo Kamda Jorelle Linda
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Maroua, Maroua P.O. Box 814, Cameroon (F.H.S.); (C.W.G.); (B.P.); (T.D.S.H.); (K.W.E.); (K.D.L.B.)
| | - Rebe Nhouma Roland
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Maroua, Maroua P.O. Box 814, Cameroon (F.H.S.); (C.W.G.); (B.P.); (T.D.S.H.); (K.W.E.); (K.D.L.B.)
| | - Kamleu Nkwingwa Balbine
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Maroua, Maroua P.O. Box 814, Cameroon (F.H.S.); (C.W.G.); (B.P.); (T.D.S.H.); (K.W.E.); (K.D.L.B.)
| | - Kenko Djoumessi Lea Blondelle
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Maroua, Maroua P.O. Box 814, Cameroon (F.H.S.); (C.W.G.); (B.P.); (T.D.S.H.); (K.W.E.); (K.D.L.B.)
| | - Alin Ciobica
- Center of Biomedical Research of the Romanian Academy, 700506 Iasi, Romania
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, 11 Carol I Blvd., 700505 Iasi, Romania
| | - Laura Romila
- Preclinical Department, Apollonia University, Păcurari Street 11, 700511 Iași, Romania
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Sałaciak K, Koszałka A, Lustyk K, Żmudzka E, Jagielska A, Pytka K. Memory impairments in rodent depression models: A link with depression theories. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2023; 125:110774. [PMID: 37088171 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2023.110774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
More than 80% of depressed patients struggle with learning new tasks, remembering positive events, or concentrating on a single topic. These neurocognitive deficits accompanying depression may be linked to functional and structural changes in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. However, their mechanisms are not yet completely understood. We conducted a narrative review of articles regarding animal studies to assess the state of knowledge. First, we argue the contribution of changes in neurotransmitters and hormone levels in the pathomechanism of cognitive dysfunction in animal depression models. Then, we used numerous neuroinflammation studies to explore its possible implication in cognitive decline. Encouragingly, we also observed a positive correlation between increased oxidative stress and a depressive-like state with concomitant memory deficits. Finally, we discuss the undeniable role of neurotrophin deficits in developing cognitive decline in animal models of depression. This review reveals the complexity of depression-related memory impairments and highlights the potential clinical importance of gathered findings for developing more reliable animal models and designing novel antidepressants with procognitive properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Sałaciak
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, Krakow 30-688, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Koszałka
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, Krakow 30-688, Poland
| | - Klaudia Lustyk
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, Krakow 30-688, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Żmudzka
- Department of Social Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College Medyczna, 9 Street, Kraków 30-688, Poland
| | - Angelika Jagielska
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, Krakow 30-688, Poland
| | - Karolina Pytka
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, Krakow 30-688, Poland.
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Léa Blondelle KD, Simplice FH, Hervé Hervé NA, Eglantine KW, Roland RN, Jorelle Linda DK, Balbine KN, Simon Désiré GN, Guillaume CW, Alin C. Antidepressant, anti-amnesic and vasoprotective effect of Bombax costatum Pellegr. & Vuillet aqueous stem bark extract on chronic mild unpredictable stress induced in rat. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 293:115315. [PMID: 35487448 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Bombax costatum Pellegr. & Vuillet is used traditionally in Northern Cameroon to treat memory impairment, anxiety, insomnia and depression. AIM OF THE STUDY Investigating the effect of Bombax costatum stem bark aqueous extract (BC) on depression associated with amnesia and vascular disorder, using a chronic mild unpredictable stress (CMUS) model in rats for 30 days. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sucrose Preference Test (SPT), Forced Swimming Test (FST), corticosteronemia, brain serotonin and dopamine level were evaluated as indices of antidepressant-like effect. The Novel Object Recognition Task (NOR), the Morris Water Maze (MWM) and acetylcholinesterase activity in the hippocampus were also used to verify memory integrity. Oxidative and nitrosative stress markers, the lipid profile and atherogenic index were estimated in blood serum to assess vasoprotective effect. Chlorophenylalanine and haloperidol, were used to delineate the extract's mechanism of action. RESULTS CMUS induced a decrease in sucrose preference and swimming time in the SPT and FST respectively while BC (27.5 and 55 mg/kg) increased sucrose preference and swimming time. Increments in these parameters were however reversed by the treatment of rats with chlorophenylalanine a serotonin synthesis inhibitor and haloperidol a D2 receptor antagonist. An increase in blood corticosterone level, prefrontal cortex malondialdehyde and nitric oxide concentrations were reversed by the extract. Moreover, BC increased the time spent in the target quadrant of the MWM test and the discrimination index in the NOR test. This was associated with an increase in hippocampus superoxide dismutase and catalase levels, a decrease in acetylcholine esterase level, total blood cholesterol and atherogenicity index compared to CMUS group. CONCLUSION Thirty days CMUS induces a depressive state in rats. BC reverses this condition when administered alongside stress exposure. This antidepressive effect is associated with antiamnesic, antioxidant and vasoprotective actions, suggesting its use as a potential candidate in the management of major depressive disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Foyet Harquin Simplice
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Maroua, P.O. Box 814, Maroua, Cameroon.
| | | | - Keugong Wado Eglantine
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Maroua, P.O. Box 814, Maroua, Cameroon.
| | - Rebe Nhouma Roland
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Maroua, P.O. Box 814, Maroua, Cameroon.
| | - Damo Kamda Jorelle Linda
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Maroua, P.O. Box 814, Maroua, Cameroon.
| | - Kamleu Nkwingwa Balbine
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Maroua, P.O. Box 814, Maroua, Cameroon.
| | - Guedang Nyayi Simon Désiré
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Maroua, P.O. Box 814, Maroua, Cameroon.
| | - Camdi Woumitna Guillaume
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Maroua, P.O. Box 814, Maroua, Cameroon.
| | - Ciobica Alin
- Center of Biomedical Research of the Romanian Academy, Iasi Branch, Romania; Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, 11 Carol I Blvd., 700506, Iasi, Romania.
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Xie T, Li R, Long X, Chen J, Ye L, Wang J, Jiang G, Lv J. Magnetic resonance imaging features of hippocampus and mechanism of neurocognitive dysfunction for antiepileptic drugs in treatment of depression rats. Bioengineered 2022; 13:4646-4657. [PMID: 35148670 PMCID: PMC8973768 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2018537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
To explore the effects of antiepileptic drug sodium valproate on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images, neurological cognition, and JAK1/STAT3 pathway in hippocampus of rats with depression, 30 Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were included. The depression model (DM) was prepared through the chronic stress restraint test. Some model rats were injected with 10 mg/kg sodium valproate into abdominal cavity before modeling (RT group)), and healthy rats were selected as controls (healthy control (HC) group). Depth of split brain was greatly increased in DM group, and nitrogen-acetyl aspartic acid (NAA)/creatine (Cr), glutamic acid (Glu)/Cr, and choline (Cho)/Cr ratios were greatly reduced (P < 0.05). Behavioral test results showed that sugar water preference rate, escape latency, and divergence index in DM group were greatly reduced (P < 0.05), and cumulative immobility time, target quadrant stay time, and number of crossings in forced swimming and tail suspension were prolonged dramatically (P < 0.05), with no difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). Expression levels of interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) in hippocampus of DM group were obviously increased (P < 0.05), and expression levels of JAK1 and STAT3 were decreased visibly (P < 0.05), with no difference between the two (P > 0.05). In summary, anti-epileptic drug sodium valproate effectively improves hippocampal volume characteristics and memory and neurocognitive dysfunction of depression models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuxiu Xie
- Department of General Practice, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Ran Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei Province, China
| | - Xiaobing Long
- Department of Emergency, the Center of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Radiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Lu Ye
- Department of Emergency, the Center of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Emergency, the Center of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Guijun Jiang
- Department of Emergency, the Center of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jingjun Lv
- Department of Emergency, the Center of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
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Lopez J, Bagot RC. Defining Valid Chronic Stress Models for Depression With Female Rodents. Biol Psychiatry 2021; 90:226-235. [PMID: 33965195 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2021.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Women are twice as likely to experience depression than men, yet until recently, preclinical studies in rodents have focused almost exclusively on males. As interest in sex differences and sex-specific mechanisms of stress susceptibility increases, chronic stress models for inducing depression-relevant behavioral and physiological changes in male rodents are being applied to females, and several new models have emerged to include both males and females, yet not all models have been systematically validated in females. An increasing number of researchers seek to include female rodents in their experimental designs, asking the question "what is the ideal chronic stress model for depression in females?" We review criteria for assessing female model validity in light of key research questions and the fundamental distinction between studying sex differences and studying both sexes. In overviewing current models, we explore challenges inherent to establishing an ideal female chronic stress model, with particular emphasis on the need for standardization and adoption of validated behavioral tests sensitive to stress effects in females. Taken together, these considerations will empower female chronic stress models to provide a better understanding of stress susceptibility and allow the development of efficient sex-specific treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joëlle Lopez
- Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Rosemary C Bagot
- Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.
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Tang QY, Li M, Chen L, Jiang JM, Gao SL, Xiao F, Zou W, Zhang P, Chen YJ. Adiponectin Mediates the Protection of H 2S Against Chronic Restraint Stress-Induced Cognitive Impairment via Attenuating Hippocampal Damage. Front Behav Neurosci 2021; 15:623644. [PMID: 34025367 PMCID: PMC8131522 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2021.623644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence shows that chronic restraint stress (CRS) can induce cognitive dysfunction, which involves in hippocampal damage. Our recent research reveals that hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a novel gasotransmitter, protects against CRS-induced cognitive impairment, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Adiponectin, the most abundant plasma adipokine, has been shown to elicit neuroprotective property and attenuate cognitive impairment. Hence, the present work was aimed to explore whether adiponectin mediates the protective effect of H2S on CRS-induced cognitive impairment by inhibiting hippocampal damage. Results found that administration of Anti-Acrp30, a neutralizing antibody of adiponectin, obviously reverses sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS, an exogenous H2S donor)-induced the inhibition on CRS-induced cognitive impairment according to Y-maze test, Novel object recognition (NOR) test, and Morris water maze (MWM) test. In addition, Anti-Acrp30 blocked the protective effect of NaHS on hippocampal apoptosis in rats-subjected with CRS as evidenced by the pathological changes in hippocampus tissues in hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and the increases in the amount of the condensed and stained to yellowish-brown or brownish yellow neuron nucleuses in terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase transfer-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL) staining as well as the expression of hippocampal pro-apoptotic protein (Bax), and a decrease in the expression of hippocampal anti-apoptotic protein (Bcl-2). Furthermore, Anti-Acrp30 mitigated the inhibitory effect of NaHS on CRS-induced oxidative stress as illustrated by the up-regulation of malondialdehyde (MDA) content and the down-regulation of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and glutathione (GSH) level in the hippocampus. Moreover, Anti-Acrp30 eliminated NaHS-induced the reduction of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related proteins including binding immunoglobulin protein (BIP), C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), and Cleaved Caspase-12 expressions in the hippocampus of rats-exposed to CRS. Taken together, these results indicated that adiponectin mediates the protection of H2S against CRS-induced cognitive impairment through ameliorating hippocampal damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong-Yan Tang
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- Hengyang Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration and Cognitive Impairment, Institute of Neuroscience, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Hengyang Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration and Cognitive Impairment, Institute of Neuroscience, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Jia-Mei Jiang
- Institute of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Sheng-Lan Gao
- Hengyang Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration and Cognitive Impairment, Institute of Neuroscience, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Fan Xiao
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- Hengyang Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration and Cognitive Impairment, Institute of Neuroscience, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Wei Zou
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- Hengyang Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration and Cognitive Impairment, Institute of Neuroscience, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- Hengyang Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration and Cognitive Impairment, Institute of Neuroscience, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Yong-Jun Chen
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- Hengyang Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration and Cognitive Impairment, Institute of Neuroscience, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
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12
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Wang H, Lv J, Jiang N, Huang H, Wang Q, Liu X. Ginsenoside Re protects against chronic restraint stress-induced cognitive deficits through regulation of NLRP3 and Nrf2 pathways in mice. Phytother Res 2021; 35:2523-2535. [PMID: 33783035 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to chronic stress negatively affects the development of cognition, characterized by learning and memory decline. Ginsenoside Re (GRe), an active compound derived from Panax ginseng, exhibited neuroprotective activity in various neurological diseases. In this study, the protective effect of GRe on chronic restraint stress (CRS)-induced memory deficit was investigated. The mice were experienced 35 days of the CRS induction. The GRe was administered daily orally (10, 20, or 40 mg/kg) during the next 3 weeks stress session and the behavior test period. The CRS-induced memory impairment mice were subjected to behavioral tasks, such as the Y-maze, novel objects recognition, and step-through passive avoidance tests. Nissl staining was used to examine the neuron numbers. The levels of antioxidant enzymes, malondialdehyde, and proinflammatory factor were determined by kits and ELISA assays. The expressions of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) and synapse-associated proteins (synaptophysin, SYP, and postsynaptic density 95, PSD95) were measured by Western blotting. Behavioral assessments indicated that GRe could ameliorate the cognitive impairment of CRS-induced mice, as indicated by increased responses in Y-maze (p < .05), novel objects recognition (p < .01), and step-through passive avoidance tests (p < .01). In addition, GRe treatment significantly decreased the neuronal loss in CRS mice in histological examination. Moreover, chronic GRe treatment significantly ameliorated the down-regulated the expressions of BDNF, Nrf2, heme oxygenase (HO)-1, SYP, and PSD95, as well as up-regulated NLRP3, the adaptor protein ASC, and Caspase-1 protein expression in the hippocampus of CRS-treated mice. Taken together, these findings suggest that GRe has a potential therapeutic effect on memory impairment in C57BL/6J mice exposed to CRS paradigm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixia Wang
- Research Center of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Medicinal Plant, Development (IMPLAD), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jingwei Lv
- Research Center of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Medicinal Plant, Development (IMPLAD), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Jiang
- Research Center of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Medicinal Plant, Development (IMPLAD), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Huang
- Research Center of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Medicinal Plant, Development (IMPLAD), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qiong Wang
- Affiliated TCM Hospital/School of Pharmacy/Sino-Portugal TCM International Cooperation Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xinmin Liu
- Research Center of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Medicinal Plant, Development (IMPLAD), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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13
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PTEN in prefrontal cortex is essential in regulating depression-like behaviors in mice. Transl Psychiatry 2021; 11:185. [PMID: 33771972 PMCID: PMC7998021 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-021-01312-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic stress is an environmental risk factor for depression and causes neuronal atrophy in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and other brain regions. It is still unclear about the molecular mechanism underlying the behavioral alterations and neuronal atrophy induced by chronic stress. We here report that phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN) is a mediator for chronic stress-induced depression-like behaviors and neuronal atrophy in mice. One-month chronic restraint stress (CRS) up-regulated PTEN signaling pathway in the PFC of mice as indicated by increasing levels of PTEN, p-MEK, and p-ERK but decreasing levels of p-AKT. Over-expression of Pten in the PFC led to an increase of depression-like behaviors, whereas genetic inactivation or knockdown of Pten in the PFC prevented the CRS-induced depression-like behaviors. In addition, systemic administration of PTEN inhibitor was also able to prevent these behaviors. Cellular examination showed that Pten over-expression or the CRS treatment resulted in PFC neuron atrophy, and this atrophy was blocked by genetic inactivation of Pten or systemic administration of PTEN inhibitor. Furthermore, possible causal link between Pten and glucocorticoids was examined. In chronic dexamethasone (Dex, a glucocorticoid agonist) treatment-induced depression model, increased PTEN levels were observed, and depression-like behaviors and PFC neuron atrophy were attenuated by the administration of PTEN inhibitor. Our results indicate that PTEN serves as a key mediator in chronic stress-induced neuron atrophy as well as depression-like behaviors, providing molecular evidence supporting the synaptic plasticity theory of depression.
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14
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Mbiydzenyuy NE, Pieme CA, Brown RE, Nguemeni C. Neuroscience education and research in Cameroon: Current status and future direction. IBRO Neurosci Rep 2021; 10:216-224. [PMID: 34179870 PMCID: PMC8211920 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2021.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurological disorders comprise 20% of hospital admissions in Cameroon. The burden of neurological disorders is increasing, especially in children and the elderly. However, there are very few neurologists, psychiatrists, gerontologists and neuropsychologists trained in the treatment of neurological disorders in Cameroon and there are very few facilities for training in basic and clinical neuroscience. Although non-governmental organizations such as the International Brain Research Organization (IBRO), International Society of Neurochemistry (ISN), and Teaching and Research in Natural Sciences for Development (TReND) in Africa have stepped in to provide short training courses and workshops in neuroscience, these are neither sufficient to train African neuroscientists nor to build the capacity to train neuroscience researchers and clinicians. There has also been little support from universities and the government for such training. While some participants of these schools have managed to form collaborations with foreign researchers and have been invited to study abroad, this does not facilitate the training of neuroscientists in Cameroon. Moreover, the research infrastructure for training in neuroscience remains limited. This is reflected in the low research output from Cameroonian universities in the field. In this review, we describe the burden of neurological disorders in Cameroon and outline the outstanding efforts of local scientists to develop the discipline of neuroscience, which is still an emerging field in Cameroon. We identify key actionable steps towards the improvement of the scientific capacity in neuroscience in Cameroon: (1) develop targeted neuroscience training programs in all major universities in Cameroon; (2) implement a thriving scientific environment supported by international collaborations; (3) focus on the leadership and the mentorship of both local and senior neuroscientists; (4) develop public awareness and information of policy makers to increase governmental funding for neuroscience research. Improving scientific capacity to tackle the neurological diseases burden in Cameroon is urgent. Neuroscience schools and advocated researchers shape the future of neuroscience in Cameroon. Public-private partnerships are required for sustainable country impact of neuroscience schools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngala Elvis Mbiydzenyuy
- Department of Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, Copperbelt University, Ndola, Zambia
| | | | - Richard E Brown
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Carine Nguemeni
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Würzburg, Germany
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Antidepressant and anti-amnesic effects of the aqueous lyophilisate of the leaves of Leptadenia arborea on an animal model of cognitive deficit associated depression. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 130:110603. [PMID: 34321164 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Leptadenia arborea (Asclepiadaceae) is a plant used in traditional medicine to treat syphilis, migraine, and mental illnesses. The aim of our study was to investigate possible antidepressant and anti-amnesic effects of the aqueous lyophilisate of the leaves of Leptadenia arborea in an animal model of cognitive deficit associated depression. Swiss albino adult mice of both sexes were used for this study. A 14-day combined stress model was used to induce depression with early cognitive deficits. The forced swimming test, the open field test and plasma corticosterone level were used to assess antidepressant-like effect. The novel object recognition task (NORT), the Morris Water Maze (MWM) and neurochemical analysis of hippocampal acetylcholinesterase activity was also carried out to assess memory integrity. The aqueous lyophelisate of L. arborea increased swimming time and decreased immobility time in the forced swimming test. In the open field test they was no difference in the number of lines crossed between groups, and the lyophilisate-treated mice spent more time in the centre compared to the control. The lyophilisate decreased the plasma level of corticosterone compared to the control. The lyophilisate decreased the latency to reach the hidden platform and increased the time spent in the target quadrant in the MWM. The lyophilisate also increased the time of exploration of the novel object in the NORT and decreased the acetylcholinesterase activity in the hippocampus. L. arborea effects were decreased when it was co-administered with pCPA. Results suggest that the aqueous lyophilisate of the leaves of L. arborea possess antidepressant-like and anti-amnesic effects.
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Wang H, Jiang N, Lv J, Huang H, Liu X. Ginsenoside Rd reverses cognitive deficits by modulating BDNF-dependent CREB pathway in chronic restraint stress mice. Life Sci 2020; 258:118107. [PMID: 32682919 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive impairment has been widely recognized as a common symptom of chronic stress. Ginsenoside Rd (GRd), the major active compound in Panax ginseng, was previously reported in various neurological researches. However, little research is available regarding on the effect of GRd on cognitive improvement in mice subjected to chronic stress. In the present study, we investigated the neuroprotective effects of GRd in chronic restraint stress (CRS)-induced cognitive deficits and explored the potential mechanism in male C57BL/6J mice. Our results demonstrated that oral administration of GRd for 28 days markedly increased the spontaneous alternation in Y-maze and the relative discrimination index in novel object or location recognition tests following CRS. Additionally, GRd treatment considerably increased the antioxidant enzymes activities in the hippocampus. The expression levels of hippocampus and serum inflammation factors in the CRS groups were also counter-regulated by GRd treatment. Meanwhile, GRd treatment could reverse CRS-induced the decrease in phosphorylated phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), camp-reflecting element binding protein (CREB), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and tyrosine kinase B (TrkB) expression in the hippocampus. These findings provided evidences that GRd improves cognitive impairment in CRS mice by mitigating oxidative stress and inflammation, while upregulating the hippocampal BDNF-mediated CREB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixia Wang
- Research Center of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ning Jiang
- Research Center of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jingwei Lv
- Research Center of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Hong Huang
- Research Center of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xinmin Liu
- Research Center of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
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Comparison of high-intensity interval training and moderate-intensity continuous training in their effects on behavioral functions and CORT levels in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. SPORT SCIENCES FOR HEALTH 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11332-020-00661-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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18
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Zhao W, Hu Y, Sun Q, Li S, Gao Z, Lin M, Ding Z, Sun J, Li C. Chronic restraint stress increases social interaction in C57BL/6J mice monitoring through MiceProfiler analysis. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2020; 303:2402-2414. [PMID: 32478467 DOI: 10.1002/ar.24470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2018] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The social deficit is a prevailing symptom in stress-induced depression. Although social interaction behavior has been widely studied in humans and rodents, it is imprecise to record the social behavior between two free-moving mice via perusal. In the present study, we applied an approach to analyze the social behavior in mice using a software named "MiceProfiler." C57BL/6J mice were stressed via chronic restraint stress (CRS) and housed in three populations of different sizes as follows: single, three in a cage, and six in a cage. The MiceProfiler was used to analyze the video of behavioral repertoire and, the result showed that stressed and single housed mice exhibited more social interaction both in the contact time and contact activities. Furthermore, we investigated the effect of CRS on social behavior when the mice were housed in larger populations size (three or six in a cage) and found that, the CRS procedure promoted social interaction. However, the larger population size resulted in the less total contact time, less time of head-tail, and moving in an opposite way. Besides, the CRS mice showed less social avoidance while the mice from a larger population presented less active contact. And the CRS mice also exhibited a higher social hierarchy compared with the control. Our data indicated that mild restraint stress might increase the intercommunication between mice. Collectively, our findings provided a new evidence for social behavior study and the MiceProfiler could be a new tool to measure the social behaviors of rodents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Zhao
- Department of Anatomy, Shandong University School of Basic Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yanlai Hu
- Department of Anatomy, Shandong University School of Basic Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qiyun Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Zaozhuang Municipal Hospital, Zaozhuang, Shandong, China
| | - Shangzhi Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zijie Gao
- Department of Anatomy, Shandong University School of Basic Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Minjuan Lin
- Department of Anatomy, Shandong University School of Basic Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhaoxi Ding
- Department of Anatomy, Shandong University School of Basic Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jinhao Sun
- Department of Anatomy, Shandong University School of Basic Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Chuangang Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Liu Y, Zou GJ, Tu BX, Hu ZL, Luo C, Cui YH, Xu Y, Li F, Dai RP, Bi FF, Li CQ. Corticosterone Induced the Increase of proBDNF in Primary Hippocampal Neurons Via Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress. Neurotox Res 2020; 38:370-384. [PMID: 32378057 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-020-00201-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Major depression disorder is one of the most common psychiatric disorders that greatly threaten the mental health of a large population worldwide. Previous studies have shown that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress plays an important role in the pathophysiology of depression, and current research suggests that brain-derived neurotrophic factor precursor (proBDNF) is involved in the development of depression. However, the relationship between ER and proBDNF in the pathophysiology of depression is not well elucidated. Here, we treated primary hippocampal neurons of mice with corticosterone (CORT) and evaluated the relationship between proBDNF and ERS. Our results showed that CORT induced ERS and upregulated the expression of proBDNF and its receptor, Follistatin-like protein 4 (FSTL4), which contributed to significantly decreased neuronal viability and expression of synaptic-related proteins including NR2A, PSD95, and SYN. Anti-proBDNF neutralization and ISRIB (an inhibitor of the ERS) treatment, respective ly, protected neuronal viabilities and increased the expression of synaptic-related proteins in corticosterone-exposed neurons. ISRIB treatment reduced the expression of proBDNF and FSTL4, whereas anti-proBDNF treatment did not affect ERS markers (Grp78, p-PERK, ATF4) expression. Our study presented evidence that CORT-induced ERS negatively regulated the neuronal viability and the level of synaptic-related protein of primary neurons via the proBDNF/FSTL4 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Tongzipo Road 172, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Guang-Jing Zou
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Tongzipo Road 172, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Bo-Xuan Tu
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Tongzipo Road 172, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Zhao-Lan Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Cong Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Yan-Hui Cui
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Tongzipo Road 172, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Institute of Neuroscience, Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Tongzipo Road 172, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Ru-Ping Dai
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Fang-Fang Bi
- Department of Neurology, Xiang Ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
| | - Chang-Qi Li
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Tongzipo Road 172, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.
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Effects of corticosterone injections in mid-to-late mouse postnatal development on adult motor activity and coordination. Neurosci Res 2020; 164:22-32. [PMID: 32320709 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2020.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids are involved in the developing brain but, in excessive amounts, may depress its growth and cause psychomotor development disorders. To test the long-term vulnerability of motor structures such as the cerebellum to supraphysiological corticosterone (CORT), the hormone was subcutaneously delivered at a dose of 20 mg/kg from postnatal day (P) 8 to P29 in C57BL/6 male mice evaluated for sensorimotor functions at P15, P22, P29, and 3 months. Relative to placebo, CORT increased motor activity in the open-field at P29 and 3 months as well as facilitating rotorod acquisition and visuomotor control necessary for swimming towards a visible goal without affecting spatial learning in the Morris water maze. CORT caused lobule-specific effects on cerebellar morphology by decreasing granule cell layer thickness in simplex lobule but increasing molecular and granule cell layer thickness in crus 2. The functional impact of these changes is indicated by significant correlations found between cerebellar size and activity levels or proficiency on the rotorod test of motor coordination.
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21
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High-intensity interval training improves cerebellar antioxidant capacity without affecting cognitive functions in rats. Behav Brain Res 2019; 376:112181. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2019.112181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Chaihu-Shugan-San Reinforces CYP3A4 Expression via Pregnane X Receptor in Depressive Treatment of Liver-Qi Stagnation Syndrome. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 2019:9781675. [PMID: 31781287 PMCID: PMC6875207 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9781675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Backgrounds. Chaihu-Shugan-San (CSS) is a classic traditional Chinese herbal prescription for treating depression. However, the underlying mechanism of the Chinese syndrome-specific efficacy of CSS is poorly understood. Aim of the Study. From traditional Chinese medicine and pharmacogenetics perspectives, the present study aimed to investigate the antidepressant effects of CSS on a mouse model of Liver-Qi Stagnation (LQS) syndrome and its underlying mechanisms. Methods and Materials. We used two main mouse models of depressive syndromes in the study, including LQS and liver stagnation and spleen deficiency (LSSD) syndrome. Tail suspension and forced swimming tests were used to evaluate the effects of CSS on animal behaviour. The expression level of the CYP450 enzyme from liver microsomes was analysed by western blot (WB) analysis and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). More specifically, we analysed the key compounds of CSS that are responsible for CYP450 regulation via bioinformatics. Ultimately, luciferase assays were employed to confirm the prediction in vitro. Results. CSS remarkably reduced the immobile time in LQS rather than in LSSD mice. Although CSS significantly upregulated CYP2C9 in mice with both syndromes, activated translation of CYP3A4 induced by CSS was only observed in the LQS group. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that the unique regulation of CYP3A4 was responsible for the effects of glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) from CSS. Further luciferase assays confirmed the enhancement of CYP3A4 expression via the pregnane X receptor (PXR) pathway in vitro. Conclusions. CSS specifically upregulates the translation of CYP3A4 via the PXR pathway in depressed LQS mice. GA, a bioactive compound that originates from CSS, contributes to this activation. This work provides novel insight into Chinese syndrome-based therapy for depression.
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Positive effect of moderate-intensity aerobic activity on pentylenetetrazol-induced epileptic behaviors in pregnant mice and cognitive performance in adult male offspring. SPORT SCIENCES FOR HEALTH 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11332-018-0485-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Sabaghi A, Heirani A, Kiani A, Yosofvand N. Effects of Prenatal Seizures on Cognitive and Motor Performance in Mice Offspring (with Emphasis on BDNF and GDNF Levels). NEUROPHYSIOLOGY+ 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11062-019-09759-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Abstract
Stress is an adaptive response to environment aversive stimuli and a common life experience of one's daily life. Chronic or excessive stress especially that happened in early life is found to be deleterious to individual's physical and mental health, which is highly related to depressive disorders onset. Stressful life events are consistently considered to be the high-risk factors of environment for predisposing depressive disorders. In linking stressful life events with depressive disorder onset, dysregulated HPA axis activity is supposed to play an important role in mediating aversive impacts of life stress on brain structure and function. Increasing evidence have indicated the strong association of stress, especially the chronic stress and early life stress, with depressive disorders development, while the association of stress with depression is moderated by genetic risk factors, including polymorphism of SERT, BDNF, GR, FKBP5, MR, and CRHR1. Meanwhile, stressful life experience particularly early life stress will exert epigenetic modification in these risk genes via DNA methylation and miRNA regulation to generate long-lasting effects on these genes expression, which in turn cause brain structural and functional alteration, and finally increase the vulnerability to depressive disorders. Therefore, the interaction of environment with gene, in which stressful life exposure interplay with genetic risk factors and epigenetic modification, is essential in predicting depressive disorders development. As the mediator of environmental risk factors, stress will function together with genetic and epigenetic mechanism to influence brain structure and function, physiology and psychology, and finally the vulnerability to depressive disorders.
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