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Yang J, Gao Z, Yu Z, Hou Y, Tang D, Yan H, Wu F, Chang SK, Pan Y, Jiang Y, Zhang Z, Yang B. An update of aurones: food resource, health benefit, biosynthesis and application. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-20. [PMID: 37599623 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2248244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Aurones are a subclass of active flavonoids characterized with a scaffold of 2-benzylidene-3(2H)-benzofuranone. This type of chemicals are widely distributed in fruit, vegetable and flower, and contribute to human health. In this review, we summarize the natural aurones isolated from dietary plants. Their positive effects on immunomodulation, antioxidation, cancer prevention as well as maintaining the health status of cardiovascular, nervous system and liver organs are highlighted. The biosynthesis strategies of plant-derived aurones are elaborated to provide solutions for their limited natural abundance. The potential application of natural aurones in food coloration are also discussed. This paper combines the up-to-date information and gives a full image of dietary aurones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Yang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nanfan and High-Efficiency Tropical Agriculture, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Zhengjiao Gao
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nanfan and High-Efficiency Tropical Agriculture, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Zhiqian Yu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nanfan and High-Efficiency Tropical Agriculture, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Yu Hou
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nanfan and High-Efficiency Tropical Agriculture, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Dingtao Tang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nanfan and High-Efficiency Tropical Agriculture, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Huiling Yan
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fuwang Wu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Sui Kiat Chang
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kampar, Malaysia
| | - Yonggui Pan
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nanfan and High-Efficiency Tropical Agriculture, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Yueming Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhengke Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nanfan and High-Efficiency Tropical Agriculture, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Bao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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Decursin alleviates LPS-induced lung epithelial cell injury by inhibiting NF-κB pathway activation. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 2023; 51:37-43. [PMID: 36617820 DOI: 10.15586/aei.v51i1.689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To reveal the possible effects of decursin on viability, oxidative stress, and inflammatory response in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated human bronchial epithelial cells-2B (BEAS-2B) and human pulmonary artery endothelial cells (HPAEC) cells, and revealed the potential mechanisms. METHODS LPS was used to induce acute lung injury (ALI) in normal human lung epithelial cells, including BEAS-2B and HPAEC cells. Cell viability and apoptosis in response to LPS and decursin in BEAS-2B and HPAEC cells were, respectively, evaluated by MTT colorimetric and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assays. The oxidative stress and inflammatory response in LPS-treated BEAS-2B and HPAEC cells were detected by enzyme-linked-immunosorbent serologic assay. In addition, the role of decursin in nuclear -factor-kappa B (NF-κB) activation was analyzed by immunoblot and immunofluorescence assays. RESULTS Our data revealed that decursin could alleviate the viability of LPS-induced BEAS-2B and HPAEC cells. Decursin could also reduce LPS-induced oxidative stress in BEAS-2B and HPAEC cells. In addition, it could reduce LPS-induced inflammation in BEAS-2B and HPAEC cells. Mechanically, decursin suppressed the activation of NF-κB pathway. CONCLUSION Decursin suppressed NF-κB pathway, and therefore alleviated ALI.
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Lazinski LM, Royal G, Robin M, Maresca M, Haudecoeur R. Bioactive Aurones, Indanones, and Other Hemiindigoid Scaffolds: Medicinal Chemistry and Photopharmacology Perspectives. J Med Chem 2022; 65:12594-12625. [PMID: 36126323 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Hemiindigoids comprise a range of natural and synthetic scaffolds that share the same aromatic hydrocarbon backbone as well as promising biological and optical properties. The encouraging therapeutic potential of these scaffolds has been unraveled by many studies over the past years and uncovered representants with inspiring pharmacophoric features such as the acetylcholinesterase inhibitor donezepil and the tubulin polymerization inhibitor indanocine. In this review, we summarize the last advances in the medicinal potential of hemiindigoids, with a special attention to molecular design, structure-activity relationship, ligand-target interactions, and mechanistic explanations covering their effects. As their strong fluorogenic potential and photoswitch behavior recently started to be highlighted and explored in biology, giving rise to the development of novel fluorescent probes and photopharmacological agents, we also discuss these properties in a medicinal chemistry perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia M Lazinski
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS 5063, DPM, 38000 Grenoble, France.,Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS 5250, DCM, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Guy Royal
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS 5250, DCM, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Maxime Robin
- Mediterranean Institute of Marine and Terrestrial Biodiversity and Ecology (IMBE), Aix Marseille Université, 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille, France
| | - Marc Maresca
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, 13397 Marseille, France
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Xie J, Wang Y, Zhong Q, Bai SJ, Zhou CJ, Tian T, Chen JJ. Associations Between Disordered Microbial Metabolites and Changes of Neurotransmitters in Depressed Mice. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:906303. [PMID: 35669116 PMCID: PMC9163491 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.906303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Backgrounds Many pieces of evidence demonstrated that there were close relationships between gut microbiota and depression. However, the specific molecular mechanisms were still unknown. Here, using targeted metabolomics, this study was conducted to explore the relationships between microbial metabolites in feces and neurotransmitters in prefrontal cortex of depressed mice. Methods Chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) model of depression was built in this study. Targeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis was used to detect the microbial metabolites in feces and neurotransmitters in prefrontal cortex of mice. Both univariate and multivariate statistical analyses were applied to identify the differential microbial metabolites and neurotransmitters and explore relationships between them. Results Ninety-eight differential microbial metabolites (mainly belonged to amino acids, fatty acids, and bile acids) and 11 differential neurotransmitters (belonged to tryptophan pathway, GABAergic pathway, and catecholaminergic pathway) were identified. Five affected amino acid-related metabolic pathways were found in depressed mice. The 19 differential microbial metabolites and 10 differential neurotransmitters were found to be significantly correlated with depressive-like behaviors. The two differential neurotransmitters (tyrosine and glutamate) and differential microbial metabolites belonged to amino acids had greater contributions to the overall correlations between microbial metabolites and neurotransmitters. In addition, the significantly decreased L-tyrosine as microbial metabolites and tyrosine as neurotransmitter had the significantly positive correlation (r = 0.681, p = 0.0009). Conclusions These results indicated that CUMS-induced disturbances of microbial metabolites (especially amino acids) might affect the levels of neurotransmitters in prefrontal cortex and then caused the onset of depression. Our findings could broaden the understanding of how gut microbiota was involved in the onset of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xie
- Department of Endocrinology, The Fourth People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qi Zhong
- Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shun-Jie Bai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chan-Juan Zhou
- Central Laboratory, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tian Tian
- Department of Neurology, Guizhou Medical University Affiliated Hospital, Guizhou, China
| | - Jian-Jun Chen
- Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Evaluation of Inhibitory Activities of Sophora flavescens and Angelica gigas Nakai Root Extracts against Monoamine Oxidases, Cholinesterases, and β-Secretase. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10050880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, Sophora flavescens (SF) from Yeongcheon (YSF) and Mt. Jiri (JiSF), and Angelica gias (AG) from Yeongcheon (YAG), Mt. Jiri (JiAG), and Jecheon (JeAG) were extracted using three concentrations of ethanol, 95% (95Et), 70% (70Et), and 50% (50Et), and hot water (DW) to evaluate the inhibitions of monoamine oxidases (MAOs; MAO-A and B), cholinesterases (ChEs; AChE and BChE) and β-secretase (BACE1) for targeting depression and neurodegenerative diseases. There were no significant differences in constituent compounds depending on herbal origins, except that YSF-95Et and JiSF-95Et showed a distinct non-polar spot upper maackiain position, and JiAG and JeAG showed a higher amount of decursin than YAG. Ethanolic YAG and JeAG extracts showed the highest MAO-A inhibition, and YSF-95Et mostly inhibited MAO-B. JiSF-95Et showed the highest AChE inhibition and YSF-70Et, JiSF-95Et, and -70Et showed the highest BChE inhibition. Interestingly, ethanolic AG extracts showed extremely potent BACE1 inhibition, especially for JiAG-95Et and JeAG-50Et, whereas there have been no reports about BACE1 inhibition of decursin, the major compound, or AG extracts in other studies. All extracts were nontoxic to MDCK and SH-SY5Y with a low toxicity to HL-60. The results showed a different pattern of inhibitory activities of the extracts toward target enzymes depending on the origins, and multi-target abilities, especially for MAO-B and BChE by YSF-95Et, for AChE and BChE by JiSF-95Et, and for MAO-B and BACE1 by JiAG-95Et. It is suggested that those extracts are potential candidates for finding novel compounds with multi-target inhibitory activities, and herbal origin is an important factor to be considered in selection of the plants.
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Hassan AHE, Kim HJ, Gee MS, Park JH, Jeon HR, Lee CJ, Choi Y, Moon S, Lee D, Lee JK, Park KD, Lee YS. Positional scanning of natural product hispidol's ring-B: discovery of highly selective human monoamine oxidase-B inhibitor analogues downregulating neuroinflammation for management of neurodegenerative diseases. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2022; 37:768-780. [PMID: 35196956 PMCID: PMC8881063 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2022.2036737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Multifunctional molecules might offer better treatment of complex multifactorial neurological diseases. Monoaminergic pathways dysregulation and neuroinflammation are common convergence points in diverse neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders. Aiming to target these diseases, polypharmacological agents modulating both monoaminergic pathways and neuroinflammatory were addressed. A library of analogues of the natural product hispidol was prepared and evaluated for inhibition of monoamine oxidases (MAOs) isoforms. Several molecules emerged as selective potential MAO B inhibitors. The most promising compounds were further evaluated in vitro for their impact on microglia viability, induced production of proinflammatory mediators and MAO-B inhibition mechanism. Amongst tested compounds, 1p was a safe potent competitive reversible MAO-B inhibitor and inhibitor of microglial production of neuroinflammatory mediators; NO and PGE2. In-silico study provided insights into molecular basis of the observed selective MAO B inhibition. This study presents compound 1p as a promising lead compound for management of neurodegenerative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed H E Hassan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.,Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Jeong Kim
- Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Sung Gee
- Department of Fundamental Pharmaceutical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Hyun Park
- Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Rim Jeon
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol Jung Lee
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonwoo Choi
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Suyeon Moon
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Danbi Lee
- Department of Fundamental Pharmaceutical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Kil Lee
- Department of Fundamental Pharmaceutical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Duk Park
- Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea.,KHU-KIST Department of Converging Science and Technology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Sup Lee
- Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,KHU-KIST Department of Converging Science and Technology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Bai G, Qiao Y, Lo PC, Song L, Yang Y, Duan L, Wei S, Li M, Huang S, Zhang B, Wang Q, Yang C. Anti-depressive effects of Jiao-Tai-Wan on CORT-induced depression in mice by inhibiting inflammation and microglia activation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 283:114717. [PMID: 34627986 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Jiao-Tai-Wan (JTW) is a very famous traditional Chinese medicine formula for the treatment of psychiatric disorders, especially in anxiety, insomnia and depression. However, its molecular mechanism of treatment remains indistinct. AIM OF THE STUDY We aimed to reveal the action mechanism of JTW on anti-depression via inhibiting microglia activation and pro-inflammatory response both in vivo and in vitro. MATERIAL AND METHODS The corticosterone (CORT)-induced depression mouse model was used to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of JTW. Behavioral tests (open field, elevated plus maze, tail suspension and forced swim test) were conducted to evaluate the effect of JTW on depressive-like behaviors. The levels of inflammatory factors and the concentration of neurotransmitters were detected by RT-qPCR or ELISA assays. Then three hippocampal tissue samples per group (Control, CORT, and JTW group) were sent for RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). Transcriptomics data analysis was used to screen the key potential therapeutic targets and signaling pathways of JTW. Based on 8 bioactive species of JTW by our previous study using High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis, molecular docking analyses were used to predict the interaction of JTW-derived compounds and depression targets. Finally, the results of transcriptome and molecular docking analyses were combined to verify the targets, key pathways, and efficacy of JTW treatment in vivo and vitro. RESULTS JTW ameliorated CORT-induced depressive-like behaviors, neuronal damage and enhanced the levels of monoamine neurotransmitters in the serum of mice. JTW also inhibited CORT-induced inflammatory activation of microglia and decreased the serum levels of interleukin- 6(IL-6) and interleukin- 1β (IL-1β) in vivo. Transcriptomic data analysis showed there were 10 key driver analysis (KDA) genes with the strongest correlation which JTW regulated in depression mice. Molecular docking analysis displayed bioactive compound Magnoflorine had the strongest binding force to the key gene colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R), which is the signaling microglia dependent upon for their survival. Meanwhile, CSF1R staining showed it was consistent with inflammatory activation of microglia. Our vitro experiment also showed JTW and CSF1R inhibitor significantly reduced lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/interferon-gamma (IFNɣ)-induced inflammatory activation response in macrophage cells. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that JTW might ameliorate CORT-induced neuronal damage in depression mice by inhibiting CSF1R mediated microglia activation and pro-inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiqin Bai
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China.
| | - Yiqi Qiao
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China.
| | - Po-Chieh Lo
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China.
| | - Lei Song
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China.
| | - Yuna Yang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Laboratory Animal Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China.
| | - Lining Duan
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Clinical Medical College of Acupuncture Moxibustion and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China.
| | - Sufen Wei
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China.
| | - Min Li
- Clinical Medical College of Acupuncture Moxibustion and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China.
| | - Shuiqing Huang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China.
| | - Beiping Zhang
- Guangdong Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China.
| | - Qi Wang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China.
| | - Cong Yang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China.
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Lim HJ, Han YT, Ahn JH, Jeon YD, Jeon H, Cha DS. Longevity effects of hispidol in Caenorhabditis elegans. Biofactors 2020; 46:1041-1048. [PMID: 33179346 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the longevity effects of hispidol, a 6,4'-dihydroxyaurone, using the Caenorhabditis elegans model system. Our lifespan assay data revealed that hispidol could prolong the lifespan of wild-type worms under normal culture condition. Moreover, hispidol increased the survival rate of the worms against a heat stress condition through up-regulated expressions of HSP-16.2. Similarly, hispidol protected worms from paraquat-induced oxidative stress. We also found that the hispidol elevated the activities of antioxidant enzymes, thereby attenuating the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species. These results suggest that the enhancement of lifespan and stress resistance by the hispidol treatment might be attributed to its strong in vivo antioxidant capacity and regulation of stress proteins. Further tests on the aging-related factors revealed that hispidol could regulate the speed of pharyngeal pumping, indicating the association of dietary restriction with the hispidol-mediated longevity. However, there were no significant alterations in the body length of the worms between the groups. We then investigated the effects of hispidol on body movement and lipofuscin accumulation in aged worms. Interestingly, these healthspan parameters were strongly improved by the hispidol treatment. Our genetic studies showed no significant change in the lifespan of the daf-16 null mutants by hispidol supplementation. In addition, enhanced nuclear translocation of DAF-16 was observed in the hispidol-fed DAF-16::GFP fused transgenic mutants, suggesting the requirement of DAF-16/FOXO activation for the longevity effect of hispidol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Joo Lim
- College of Pharmacy, Woosuk University, Jeonbuk, South Korea
| | - Young Taek Han
- College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Ji-Hye Ahn
- College of Pharmacy, Woosuk University, Jeonbuk, South Korea
| | - Yong-Deok Jeon
- College of Pharmacy, Woosuk University, Jeonbuk, South Korea
| | - Hoon Jeon
- College of Pharmacy, Woosuk University, Jeonbuk, South Korea
| | - Dong Seok Cha
- College of Pharmacy, Woosuk University, Jeonbuk, South Korea
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Antidepressant-Like Effects of Ethanol Extract of Ziziphus jujuba Mill Seeds in Mice. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10207374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The antidepressant-like activity of ethanol extract of Ziziphus jujuba Mill var. spinosa seeds (Semen Ziziphi Spinosae, SZS) was investigated by behavioral tests, such as a forced swimming test (FST), a tail-suspension test (TST), and an open field test (OFT), using mice exposed to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS). In the TST, immobility times of the extract-treated groups E100 and E300 (CUMS + 100 and 300 mg/kg extract, respectively) were significantly decreased in a dose-dependent manner compared with the negative control (CUMS; p < 0.01, though those of E100 and E300 were higher than those of the positive control (CUMS + 15 mg/kg fluoxetine). In the FST, immobility times of E100 and E300 were decreased compared to the normal control. In the OFT, total and zone distances of E100 and E300 were significantly higher than those of negative controls (p < 0.01) with a dose dependency. In liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis after behavioral tests, norepinephrine (NE) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) levels in the hippocampus tissues of E100 and E300 were significantly higher than those of negative controls. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels in the hippocampus tissues of E100 and E300 were higher than those of negative controls. From these results, the SZS ethanol extract exhibited significant antidepressant-like effects via immobility decrease, distance increase, hippocampal NE and 5-HT increase, and BDNF expression. These results suggest that the extract could be a potential antidepressant agent.
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