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Nasibullin SF, Dunaeva JV, Akramova LA, Timergalieva VR, Moustafine RI. Characteristics of Interpolyelectrolyte Complexes Based on Different Types of Pectin with Eudragit ® EPO as Novel Carriers for Colon-Specific Drug Delivery. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17622. [PMID: 38139450 PMCID: PMC10744121 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Given that pectin is a well-known substance used for drug delivery, we aimed to obtain and further examine the efficacy of interpolyelectrolyte complexes based on citrus or apple pectin and the Eudragit® EPO for using these carriers in oral drug delivery. To characterize the physicochemical properties of these compounds, turbidity, gravimetry, viscosity, elementary analysis, FTIR spectroscopy, and DSC analysis were utilized. Diffusion transport characteristics were evaluated to assess the swelling ability of the matrices and the release of diclofenac sodium. To examine the release parameters, mathematical modeling was performed by using the Korsmayer-Peppas and Logistic equations as well. During the turbidity study, stoichiometry compositions were selected for the developed IPECs EPO/PecA and EPO/PecC at pH values = 4.0, 5.0, 6.0, and 7.0. The FTIR spectra of the complexes were characterized by an increase in the intensity of the bands at 1610 cm-1 and 1400 cm-1. According to the DSC analysis, IPEC has a certain Tg = 57.3 °C. The highest release rates were obtained for IPEC EPO/PecC_1 and EPO/PecC_4. The mechanism of drug transport from the matrices IPEC EPO/PecC, IPEC EPO/PecA_3, and EPO/PecA_4 can be characterized as Super Case II. Anomalous release (non-Fickian release) is typical for IPEC EPO/PecA_1 and EPO/PecA_2. Thus, the resulting systems can be further used for the effective delivery of the drugs to the colon.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Rouslan I. Moustafine
- Institute of Pharmacy, Kazan State Medical University, 16 Fatykh Amirkhan Street, 420126 Kazan, Russia; (S.F.N.); (V.R.T.)
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2
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Bukhovets AV, Sitenkov AY, Moustafine RI. Comparative evaluation study of polycomplex carriers based on Eudragit®
EPO
/
S100
copolymers prepared in different media. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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3
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Timergalieva VR, Gennari CGM, Cilurzo F, Moustafine RI. Interpolyelectrolyte complexes based on Carbopol and oppositely charged polymer as new carriers for oral controlled diclofenac delivery. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Francesco Cilurzo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science University of Milan Milan Italy
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4
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Matić J, Alva C, Eder S, Reusch K, Paudel A, Khinast J. Towards predicting the product quality in hot-melt extrusion: Pilot plant scale extrusion. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS-X 2021; 3:100084. [PMID: 34159312 PMCID: PMC8193368 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpx.2021.100084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Following our study on the impact of hot melt extrusion (HME) process conditions on the product quality, we expanded our investigation to assessing the effect of scale-up on the product quality. To this end, we studied the influence of process settings and different scale-up variants on the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) degradation in a pilot plant scale extruder. Six scale-up variants were investigated and none of them could replicate the product quality from the original process setup on a lab-scale extruder. By analyzing several process-dependent and -independent variables and cross referencing them to the experiments in the lab-scale extruder, we identified certain patterns. The results of the reduced order mechanistic 1D HME simulation of various process states made it possible to establish a correlation between the achieved API degradation and the local melt temperature and the exposure time in specific zones along the screw configuration. Since the same melt temperature and exposure time correlations were also valid for the lab scale-extruder, such an approach could be used in the future to predict the product quality as a function of processing conditions fully in silico prior to the first extrusion trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josip Matić
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Carolina Alva
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Simone Eder
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Kathrin Reusch
- Leistritz Pharma Extrusion, Markgrafenstraße. 29-39 1, 90459 Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Amrit Paudel
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria.,Institute for Process and Particle Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Johannes Khinast
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria.,Institute for Process and Particle Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria
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5
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Matić J, Alva C, Witschnigg A, Eder S, Reusch K, Paudel A, Khinast J. Towards predicting the product quality in hot-melt extrusion: Small scale extrusion. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS-X 2020; 2:100062. [PMID: 33299982 PMCID: PMC7704403 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpx.2020.100062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
In product development, it is crucial to choose the appropriate drug manufacturing route accurately and timely and to ensure that the technique selected is suitable for achieving the desired product quality. Guided by the QbD principles, the pharmaceutical industry is currently transitioning from batch to continuous manufacturing. In this context, process understanding and prediction are becoming even more important. With regard to hot melt extrusion, the process setup, optimization and scale-up in early stages of product development are particularly challenging due to poor process understanding, complex product-process relationship and a small amount of premix available for extensive experimental studies. Hence, automated, quick and reliable process setup and scale-up requires simulation tools that are accurate enough to capture the process and determine the product-process relationships. To this end, the effect of process settings on the degradation of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) in a lab-scale Leistritz ZSE12 extruder was investigated. As part of the presented study, the limitations of traditional process analysis using integral process values were investigated, together with the potential that simulations may have in predicting the process performance and the product quality. The results of our investigation indicate that the average melt temperatures and the exposure times in specific zones along the screw configuration correlate well with the API degradation values and can be used as potent process design criteria to simplify the process development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josip Matić
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Carolina Alva
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Andreas Witschnigg
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Simone Eder
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Kathrin Reusch
- Leistritz Pharma Extrusion, Markgrafenstraße, 29-39 1, 90459 Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Amrit Paudel
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria.,Institute for Process and Particle Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Johannes Khinast
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria.,Institute for Process and Particle Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria
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6
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Bukhovets AV, Fotaki N, Khutoryanskiy VV, Moustafine RI. Interpolymer Complexes of Eudragit ® Copolymers as Novel Carriers for Colon-Specific Drug Delivery. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12071459. [PMID: 32629765 PMCID: PMC7407155 DOI: 10.3390/polym12071459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Interpolymer complexes (IPC) based on Eudragit® EPO and Eudragit® S100 were investigated as potential carriers for oral controlled drug delivery to the colon. IPC samples were prepared by mixing copolymer solutions in organic solvents (ethanol, isopropanol:acetone mixture (60:40, % v/v) and tetrahydrofuran). According to the data of elemental analysis, FTIR-spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and thermal analysis these IPCs have excess of anionic copolymer (Eudragit® S100) in their structure; they are stabilized by hydrogen and ionic intermacromolecular bonds and do not include free copolymer domains. IPC have pH-independent swelling properties in the media mimicking gastrointestinal tract (GIT) conditions and provide colon-specific delivery of indomethacin in buffer solutions (pH 1.2; 5.8; 6.8; 7.4) and in biorelevant media (fasted state simulated gastric fluid, fasted state simulated intestinal fluid—version 2 and fasted stated simulated colonic fluid).
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra V. Bukhovets
- Institute of Pharmacy, Kazan State Medical University, 16 Fatykh Amirkhan Street, 420012 Kazan, Russia; (A.V.B.); (V.V.K.)
| | - Nikoletta Fotaki
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK;
| | - Vitaliy V. Khutoryanskiy
- Institute of Pharmacy, Kazan State Medical University, 16 Fatykh Amirkhan Street, 420012 Kazan, Russia; (A.V.B.); (V.V.K.)
- Reading School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Whiteknights, P.O. Box 224, Reading RG66AD, UK
| | - Rouslan I. Moustafine
- Institute of Pharmacy, Kazan State Medical University, 16 Fatykh Amirkhan Street, 420012 Kazan, Russia; (A.V.B.); (V.V.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-843-252-1642
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7
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Ofridam F, Lebaz N, Gagnière É, Mangin D, Elaissari A. Effect of secondary polymer on self‐precipitation of pH‐sensitive polymethylmethacrylate derivatives Eudragit E100 and Eudragit L100. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.4856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabrice Ofridam
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS LAGEPP UMR 5007, 43 boulevard du 11 novembre 1918, F–69100 Villeurbanne France
| | - Noureddine Lebaz
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS LAGEPP UMR 5007, 43 boulevard du 11 novembre 1918, F–69100 Villeurbanne France
| | - Émilie Gagnière
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS LAGEPP UMR 5007, 43 boulevard du 11 novembre 1918, F–69100 Villeurbanne France
| | - Denis Mangin
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS LAGEPP UMR 5007, 43 boulevard du 11 novembre 1918, F–69100 Villeurbanne France
| | - Abdelhamid Elaissari
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS LAGEPP UMR 5007, 43 boulevard du 11 novembre 1918, F–69100 Villeurbanne France
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8
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Nakagawa Y, Suzuki T, Suga Y, Shimada T, Sai Y. Examination of Aggregate Formation upon Simultaneous Dissolution of Methacrylic Acid Copolymer LD Enteric Coating Agent, Pharmaceutical Additives, and Zwitterionic Ingredients. Biol Pharm Bull 2020; 43:682-687. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b19-00924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yukiko Nakagawa
- Department of Clinical Pharmacokinetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, University Hospital, Kanazawa University
| | - Takuya Suzuki
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, University Hospital, Kanazawa University
| | - Yukio Suga
- Department of Clinical Drug Informatics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical & Health Science, Kanazawa University
| | - Tsutomu Shimada
- Department of Clinical Pharmacokinetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, University Hospital, Kanazawa University
| | - Yoshimichi Sai
- Department of Clinical Pharmacokinetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, University Hospital, Kanazawa University
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9
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Anselmo AC, Xu X, Buerkli S, Zeng Y, Tang W, McHugh KJ, Behrens AM, Rosenberg E, Duan AR, Sugarman JL, Zhuang J, Collins J, Lu X, Graf T, Tzeng SY, Rose S, Acolatse S, Nguyen TD, Le X, Guerra AS, Freed LE, Weinstock SB, Sears CB, Nikolic B, Wood L, Welkhoff PA, Oxley JD, Moretti D, Zimmermann MB, Langer R, Jaklenec A. A heat-stable microparticle platform for oral micronutrient delivery. Sci Transl Med 2019; 11:11/518/eaaw3680. [DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaw3680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Micronutrient deficiencies affect up to 2 billion people and are the leading cause of cognitive and physical disorders in the developing world. Food fortification is effective in treating micronutrient deficiencies; however, its global implementation has been limited by technical challenges in maintaining micronutrient stability during cooking and storage. We hypothesized that polymer-based encapsulation could address this and facilitate micronutrient absorption. We identified poly(butylmethacrylate-co-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)methacrylate-co-methylmethacrylate) (1:2:1) (BMC) as a material with proven safety, offering stability in boiling water, rapid dissolution in gastric acid, and the ability to encapsulate distinct micronutrients. We encapsulated 11 micronutrients (iron; iodine; zinc; and vitamins A, B2, niacin, biotin, folic acid, B12, C, and D) and co-encapsulated up to 4 micronutrients. Encapsulation improved micronutrient stability against heat, light, moisture, and oxidation. Rodent studies confirmed rapid micronutrient release in the stomach and intestinal absorption. Bioavailability of iron from microparticles, compared to free iron, was lower in an initial human study. An organotypic human intestinal model revealed that increased iron loading and decreased polymer content would improve absorption. Using process development approaches capable of kilogram-scale synthesis, we increased iron loading more than 30-fold. Scaled batches tested in a follow-up human study exhibited up to 89% relative iron bioavailability compared to free iron. Collectively, these studies describe a broad approach for clinical translation of a heat-stable ingestible micronutrient delivery platform with the potential to improve micronutrient deficiency in the developing world. These approaches could potentially be applied toward clinical translation of other materials, such as natural polymers, for encapsulation and oral delivery of micronutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron C. Anselmo
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Xian Xu
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Simone Buerkli
- Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, ETH Zürich, Zürich 8092, Switzerland
| | - Yingying Zeng
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Wen Tang
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Kevin J. McHugh
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Adam M. Behrens
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Evan Rosenberg
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Aranda R. Duan
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - James L. Sugarman
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Jia Zhuang
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Joe Collins
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Xueguang Lu
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Tyler Graf
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Stephany Y. Tzeng
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Sviatlana Rose
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Sarah Acolatse
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Thanh D. Nguyen
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Xiao Le
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Ana Sofia Guerra
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Lisa E. Freed
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Shelley B. Weinstock
- Institute of Human Nutrition, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | | | - Boris Nikolic
- Biomatics Capital, 1107 1st Avenue, Apartment 1305, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Lowell Wood
- Institute for Disease Modeling, Bellevue, WA 98005, USA
| | | | - James D. Oxley
- Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78238, USA
| | - Diego Moretti
- Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, ETH Zürich, Zürich 8092, Switzerland
| | | | - Robert Langer
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Ana Jaklenec
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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10
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Porfiryeva NN, Nasibullin SF, Abdullina SG, Tukhbatullina IK, Moustafine RI, Khutoryanskiy VV. Acrylated Eudragit® E PO as a novel polymeric excipient with enhanced mucoadhesive properties for application in nasal drug delivery. Int J Pharm 2019; 562:241-248. [PMID: 30880105 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Eudragit® E PO (EPO) is a terpolymer based on N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate with methylmethacrylate and butylmethacrylate, produced by Evonik Industries AG as a pharmaceutical excipient. In this work, EPO was chemically modified through reaction with acryloyl chloride. The successful modification of EPO was confirmed by FTIR, NMR-spectroscopy, elemental and thermal analysis. The degree of acrylation was determined by permanganatometric titration. The slug mucosal irritation test was used to demonstrate non-irritant nature of EPO and its acrylated derivatives (AEPO). The mucoadhesive properties of EPO and AEPO were evaluated using freshly excised sheep nasal mucosa and it was demonstrated that acrylated polymers facilitated greater retention of sodium fluorescein on mucosal surfaces compared to solution mixture of this dye solution with EPO as well as free dye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia N Porfiryeva
- Institute of Pharmacy, Kazan State Medical University, 16 Fatykh Amirkhan Street, 420126 Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Shamil F Nasibullin
- Institute of Pharmacy, Kazan State Medical University, 16 Fatykh Amirkhan Street, 420126 Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Svetlana G Abdullina
- Institute of Pharmacy, Kazan State Medical University, 16 Fatykh Amirkhan Street, 420126 Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Irina K Tukhbatullina
- Institute of Pharmacy, Kazan State Medical University, 16 Fatykh Amirkhan Street, 420126 Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Rouslan I Moustafine
- Institute of Pharmacy, Kazan State Medical University, 16 Fatykh Amirkhan Street, 420126 Kazan, Russian Federation.
| | - Vitaliy V Khutoryanskiy
- Institute of Pharmacy, Kazan State Medical University, 16 Fatykh Amirkhan Street, 420126 Kazan, Russian Federation; Reading School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Whiteknights, PO Box 224, Reading RG66AD, United Kingdom.
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11
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Moustafine RI, Viktorova AS, Khutoryanskiy VV. Interpolymer complexes of carbopol® 971 and poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline): Physicochemical studies of complexation and formulations for oral drug delivery. Int J Pharm 2019; 558:53-62. [PMID: 30634031 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Carbopol® 971 and poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) form hydrogen-bonded interpolymer complexes in aqueous solutions and their complexation is strongly dependent on solution pH. This work investigated the complexation between these polymers in aqueous solutions. The compositions of interpolymer complexes as well as the critical pH values of complexation were determined. The structure of these complexes was studied in solutions using transmission electron microscopy and in solid state using elemental analysis, FTIR spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. Solid compacts were prepared based on interpolymer complexes and physical blends of these polymers and their swelling behaviour was studied in aqueous solutions mimicking the fluids present in the gastrointestinal tract. These materials were used to prepare oral formulations of mesalazine and its release from solid matrices was studied in vitro. It was demonstrated that the complexation between Carbopol® 971 and poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) has a profound effect on the drug release from matrix tablets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rouslan I Moustafine
- Institute of Pharmacy, Kazan State Medical University, 16 Fatykh Amirkhan Street, 420126 Kazan, Russian Federation.
| | - Anastasiya S Viktorova
- Institute of Pharmacy, Kazan State Medical University, 16 Fatykh Amirkhan Street, 420126 Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Vitaliy V Khutoryanskiy
- Institute of Pharmacy, Kazan State Medical University, 16 Fatykh Amirkhan Street, 420126 Kazan, Russian Federation; Reading School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Whiteknights, PO box 224, Reading RG66AD, United Kingdom.
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12
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Preclinical pharmacokinetics of benznidazole-loaded interpolyelectrolyte complex-based delivery systems. Eur J Pharm Sci 2018; 122:281-291. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2018.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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13
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García MC, Manzo RH, Jimenez-Kairuz A. Polysaccharides-based multiparticulated interpolyelectrolyte complexes for controlled benznidazole release. Int J Pharm 2018; 545:366-377. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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14
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Ways TMM, Lau WM, Ng KW, Khutoryanskiy VV. Synthesis of thiolated, PEGylated and POZylated silica nanoparticles and evaluation of their retention on rat intestinal mucosa in vitro. Eur J Pharm Sci 2018; 122:230-238. [PMID: 29969667 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2018.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we synthesised thiolated silica nanoparticles using 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane and functionalised them with either 5 kDa methoxy polyethylene glycol maleimide (PEG) or 5 kDa alkyne-terminated poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) (POZ). The main objectives of this study are to investigate the effects of pH on the size and ξ-potential of these nanoparticles and evaluate their mucoadhesive properties ex vivo using rat intestinal mucosa. The sizes of thiolated, PEGylated and POZylated silica nanoparticles were 53 ± 1, 68 ± 1 and 59 ± 1 nm, respectively. The size of both thiolated and POZylated nanoparticles significantly increased at pH ≤ 2, whereas no size change was observed at pH 2.5-9 for both these two types of nanoparticles. On the other hand, the size of PEGylated nanoparticles did not change over the studied pH range (1.5-9). Moreover, thiolated nanoparticles were more mucoadhesive in the rat small intestine than both PEGylated and POZylated nanoparticles. After 12 cycles of washing (with a total of 20 mL of phosphate buffer solution pH 6.8), a significantly greater amount of thiolated nanoparticles remained on the intestinal mucosa than FITC-dextran (non-mucoadhesive polymer, p < 0.005) and both PEGylated and POZylated nanoparticles (p < 0.05 both). However, both PEGylated and POZylated nanoparticles showed similar retention to FITC-dextran (p > 0.1 for both). Thus, this study indicates that thiolated nanoparticles are mucoadhesive, whereas PEGylated and POZylated nanoparticles are non-mucoadhesive in the ex vivo rat intestinal mucosa model. Each of these nanoparticles has potential applications in mucosal drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Twana Mohammed M Ways
- Reading School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6AD, United Kingdom
| | - Wing Man Lau
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, United Kingdom
| | - Keng Wooi Ng
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, United Kingdom
| | - Vitaliy V Khutoryanskiy
- Reading School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6AD, United Kingdom.
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García MC, Martinelli M, Ponce NE, Sanmarco LM, Aoki MP, Manzo RH, Jimenez-Kairuz AF. Multi-kinetic release of benznidazole-loaded multiparticulate drug delivery systems based on polymethacrylate interpolyelectrolyte complexes. Eur J Pharm Sci 2018; 120:107-122. [PMID: 29705213 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2018.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Interpolyelectrolyte complexes (IPEC) formulated as multiparticulate drug delivery systems (MDDS) are interesting carriers to improve drug' performance. Benznidazole (BZ) is the first-line drug for Chagas treatment; however, it presents side effects and toxicity, conditioning its efficacy and safety. The goal of this work was to obtain novel MDDS composed by IPEC based on different polymethacrylate carriers loaded with BZ and to investigate in vitro drug delivery performance for oral administration. Physicochemical characterizations were studied and preclinical studies in a murine model of acute Chagas disease were also performed. The MDDS composed by BZ-loaded IPEC based on polymethacrylates were obtained by casting solvent followed by wet granulation methods with yields >83%. FT-IR demonstrated ionic interaction between the polyelectrolytes. Confocal microscopy, DSC and PXRD revealed a fraction uniformly distributed of free BZ on the multiparticles. The rheological evaluation of the MDDS showed adequate flow features for their formulation in hard gelatin-capsules. The type and composition of IPEC conditioned the modulation of BZ release and fluid uptake results. MDDS based on more hydrophylic Eudragit® showed very fast dissolution (Q15min > 85%), while an extended release (Q120min ≤ 40%) for the hydrophobic ones was observed. Capsules containing a combination of two MDDS with different release profile of BZ showed promising properties to improve Chagas disease pharmacotherapy in the preliminary in vivo assay performed, in which the BZ-loaded MDDS exhibited efficacy to reduce parasitemia, while decreasing the levels of liver injury markers in comparison to BZ conventional treatment. Multi-kinetic BZ delivery systems developed are interesting pharmaceutical alternatives to improve the treatment of Chagas disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica C García
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina; Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo en Tecnología Farmacéutica - UNITEFA (CONICET-UNC), Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - Marisa Martinelli
- Instituto de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ingeniería de Procesos y Química Aplicada (IPQA), CONICET and Laboratorio de Materiales Poliméricos (LAMAP), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - Nicolás E Ponce
- Instituto de Investigación Médica "M. y M. Ferreyra", INIMEC-CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - Liliana M Sanmarco
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología CIBICI (CONICET-UNC), Córdoba, Argentina; Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - María P Aoki
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología CIBICI (CONICET-UNC), Córdoba, Argentina; Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - Rubén H Manzo
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina; Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo en Tecnología Farmacéutica - UNITEFA (CONICET-UNC), Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - Alvaro F Jimenez-Kairuz
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina; Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo en Tecnología Farmacéutica - UNITEFA (CONICET-UNC), Córdoba, Argentina.
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16
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Mucoadhesive Interpolyelectrolyte Complexes for the Buccal Delivery of Clobetasol. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:polym10010085. [PMID: 30966120 PMCID: PMC6414932 DOI: 10.3390/polym10010085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This work aimed to investigate the feasibility to design: (a) a mucoadhesive interpolyelectrolyte complex (IPEC) loaded with clobetasol propionate (CP) intended to treat oral lichen planus and (b) individuate an orodispersible dosage form suitable for its administration. IPECs were synthesized by mixing Eudragit® E PO (EPO) and different grades of cross-linked polyacrylate derivatives, in different molar ratios, namely 1:1, 1:2, and 2:1. All IPECs resulted at nanoscale independently of their composition (120⁻200 nm). Both zeta-potentials (ζ) and mucoadhesive performances were influenced by the ratio between polymers. On the bases of the preliminary data, IPECs made of Polycarbophil and EPO in the 1:2 ratio were loaded with CP. The encapsulation efficiency was up 88% independently of the CP-IPEC ratio. The drug encapsulation caused IPEC destabilization in water, as it was noticed by the increase of ζ values and the formation of aggregates. Oral lyophilisates were prepared by freeze-drying slurries made of placebo or CP loaded IPECs, maltodextrin with a dextrose equivalent 38 and Span®80. The optimized formulation permitted to obtain a fast disintegration upon contact with water reducing the tendency of IPECs to aggregate. Moreover, oral lyophilisates allowed improving the apparent solubility of CP throughout the in vitro release experiment.
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Indomethacin-containing interpolyelectrolyte complexes based on Eudragit ® E PO/S 100 copolymers as a novel drug delivery system. Int J Pharm 2017; 524:121-133. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.03.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2017] [Revised: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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18
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Dalmoro A, Sitenkov AY, Cascone S, Lamberti G, Barba AA, Moustafine RI. Hydrophilic drug encapsulation in shell-core microcarriers by two stage polyelectrolyte complexation method. Int J Pharm 2017; 518:50-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.12.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Revised: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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19
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Guzman M, Soria E, Laino C, Manzo R, Olivera M. Reduced food interaction and enhanced gastrointestinal tolerability of a new system based on risedronate complexed with Eudragit E100: Mechanistic approaches from in vitro and in vivo studies. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2016; 107:263-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2016.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Revised: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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20
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Aguirre TAS, Aversa V, Rosa M, Guterres SS, Pohlmann AR, Coulter I, Brayden DJ. Coated minispheres of salmon calcitonin target rat intestinal regions to achieve systemic bioavailability: Comparison between intestinal instillation and oral gavage. J Control Release 2016; 238:242-252. [PMID: 27480451 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.07.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Revised: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Achieving oral peptide delivery is an elusive challenge. Emulsion-based minispheres of salmon calcitonin (sCT) were synthesized using single multiple pill (SmPill®) technology incorporating the permeation enhancers (PEs): sodium taurodeoxycholate (NaTDC), sodium caprate (C10), or coco-glucoside (CG), or the pH acidifier, citric acid (CA). Minispheres were coated with an outer layer of Eudragit® L30 D-55 (designed for jejunal release) or Surelease®/Pectin (designed for colonic release). The process was mild and in vitro biological activity of sCT was retained upon release from minispheres stored up to 4months. In vitro release profiles suggested that sCT was released from minispheres by diffusion through coatings due to swelling of gelatin and the polymeric matrix upon contact with PBS at pH6.8. X-ray analysis confirmed that coated minispheres dissolved at the intended intestinal region of rats following oral gavage. Uncoated minispheres at a dose of ~2000I.U.sCT/kg were administered to rats by intra-jejunal (i.j.) or intra-colonic (i.c.) instillation and caused hypocalcaemia. Notable sCT absolute bioavailability (F) values were: 5.5% from minispheres containing NaTDC (i.j), 17.3% with CG (i.c.) and 18.2% with C10 (i.c.). Coated minispheres administered by oral gavage at threefold higher doses also induced hypocalcaemia. A highly competitive F value of 2.7% was obtained for orally-administered sCT-minispheres containing CG (45μmol/kg) and coated with Eudragit®. In conclusion, the SmPill® technology is a potential dosage form for several peptides when formulated with PEs and coated for regional delivery. PK data from instillations over-estimates oral bioavailability and poorly predicts rank ordering of formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanira A S Aguirre
- UCD School of Veterinary Science and UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland; Sigmoid Pharma, Dublin City University, Invent Centre, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Vincenzo Aversa
- Sigmoid Pharma, Dublin City University, Invent Centre, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Mónica Rosa
- Sigmoid Pharma, Dublin City University, Invent Centre, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Sílvia S Guterres
- Programa de pós Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Adriana R Pohlmann
- Programa de pós Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Departamento de Química Orgânica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Ivan Coulter
- Sigmoid Pharma, Dublin City University, Invent Centre, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - David J Brayden
- UCD School of Veterinary Science and UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
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21
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Palena MC, García MC, Manzo RH, Jimenez-Kairuz AF. Self-organized drug-interpolyelectrolyte nanocomplexes loaded with anionic drugs. Characterization and in vitro release evaluation. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2015.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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22
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Dalmoro A, Sitenkov AY, Lamberti G, Barba AA, Moustafine RI. Ultrasonic atomization and polyelectrolyte complexation to produce gastroresistant shell-core microparticles. J Appl Polym Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/app.42976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Dalmoro
- Department of Pharmacy; University of Salerno; via Giovanni Paolo II, 132 Fisciano (SA) 84084 Italy
- Department of Industrial Engineering; via Giovanni Paolo II, 132 Fisciano (SA) 84084 Italy
| | - Alexander Y. Sitenkov
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical and Toxicological Chemistry; Kazan State Medical University; Butlerov Street 49 420012 Kazan Russian Federation
| | - Gaetano Lamberti
- Department of Industrial Engineering; via Giovanni Paolo II, 132 Fisciano (SA) 84084 Italy
| | - Anna Angela Barba
- Department of Pharmacy; University of Salerno; via Giovanni Paolo II, 132 Fisciano (SA) 84084 Italy
| | - Rouslan I. Moustafine
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical and Toxicological Chemistry; Kazan State Medical University; Butlerov Street 49 420012 Kazan Russian Federation
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23
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Formulation and evaluation of nanocrystalline cellulose as a potential disintegrant. Carbohydr Polym 2015; 130:275-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Revised: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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24
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Wulff R, Leopold C. Coatings from blends of Eudragit® RL and L55: A novel approach in pH-controlled drug release. Int J Pharm 2014; 476:78-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Revised: 09/11/2014] [Accepted: 09/12/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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25
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De Robertis S, Bonferoni MC, Elviri L, Sandri G, Caramella C, Bettini R. Advances in oral controlled drug delivery: the role of drug-polymer and interpolymer non-covalent interactions. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2014; 12:441-53. [PMID: 25267345 DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2015.966685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION After more than four decades of intense research, oral controlled drug delivery systems (DDSs) still represent a topic of major interest for pharmaceutical scientist and formulators. This can be explained in part by considering the economic value of oral DDSs whose market accounts for more than half of the overall drug delivery market. Polymeric systems based on drug-polymer non-covalent interaction represent a limited, but growing part of the field. Despite the large amount of literature and published reviews covering specific aspects, there is still need for a review of the relevant literature providing a general picture of the topic. AREAS COVERED The present review aims at presenting the latest findings in drug-polymer and interpolymer non-covalent interactions in oral controlled delivery while providing a specific perspective and a critical point of view, particularly on the tools and methods used for the study of these DDSs. Four main sections are considered: i) ionic interactions between drugs and polymers; ii) interpolymer complexes; iii) hydrogen bond; and iv) hydrophobic interactions. EXPERT OPINION The largest part of the scientific literature deals with systems based on drug-polymer ionic interactions while hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interaction though, very promising, are more difficult to exploit, and therefore less studied. An accurate and exhaustive representation of the specific role of the chemical functions in establishing predictable interactions between drug and polymers is still required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona De Robertis
- PhD Student, University of Parma, Department of Pharmacy , Parma , Italy
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26
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Moustafine RI. Role of macromolecular interactions of pharmaceutically acceptable polymers in functioning oral drug delivery systems. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363214020388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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27
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Moustafine RI, Bukhovets AV, Sitenkov AY, Kemenova VA, Rombaut P, Van den Mooter G. Eudragit E PO as a Complementary Material for Designing Oral Drug Delivery Systems with Controlled Release Properties: Comparative Evaluation of New Interpolyelectrolyte Complexes with Countercharged Eudragit L100 Copolymers. Mol Pharm 2013; 10:2630-41. [DOI: 10.1021/mp4000635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- R. I. Moustafine
- Department
of Pharmaceutical,
Toxicological and Analytical Chemistry, Kazan State Medical University, 420012 Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - A. V. Bukhovets
- Department
of Pharmaceutical,
Toxicological and Analytical Chemistry, Kazan State Medical University, 420012 Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - A. Y. Sitenkov
- Department
of Pharmaceutical,
Toxicological and Analytical Chemistry, Kazan State Medical University, 420012 Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - V. A. Kemenova
- Scientific Center for Biomedical
Technology, State Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (VILAR), 123056 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - P. Rombaut
- Drug Delivery and Disposition, University of Leuven (KULeuven), 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - G. Van den Mooter
- Drug Delivery and Disposition, University of Leuven (KULeuven), 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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28
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Moustafine RI, Bodrov AV, Kemenova VA, Rombaut P, Van den Mooter G. Drug release modification by interpolymer interaction between countercharged types of Eudragit® RL 30D and FS 30D in double-layer films. Int J Pharm 2012; 439:17-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2012.09.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2012] [Revised: 09/19/2012] [Accepted: 09/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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29
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Guzmán ML, Manzo RH, Olivera ME. Eudragit E100 as a drug carrier: the remarkable affinity of phosphate ester for dimethylamine. Mol Pharm 2012; 9:2424-33. [PMID: 22808998 DOI: 10.1021/mp300282f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic agents containing phosphate groups in their molecules have increasing therapeutic impact. The object of this study was to characterize the cationic polyelectrolyte Eudragit E100 (EuE100) as a carrier for drugs containing phosphate groups, using dexamethasone phosphate (DP) as a model. A series of EuE100-DP complexes was obtained by acid-base reaction in which DP neutralized 12.5-75% of the basic groups of EuE100. The solids obtained after solvent evaporation revealed by spectroscopic characterization the complete reaction between the components through the ionic interaction between the amine groups of EuE100 and the phosphate groups of DP. The reversibility of the counterion condensation, evaluated through the proton-withdrawing effect produced by the ionic exchange generated by titration with NaCl, showed a remarkable high affinity between EuE100 and DP. In line, drug delivery in bicompartimental Franz cells toward water as receptor medium was very slow (2% in 6 h). However, it was increased as water was replaced by NaCl solution, which upon diffusion generates ionic exchange. A sustained release of DP with noticeable zero order kinetics accounted for a remarkable high affinity, mainly due to the electrostatic attraction. The release rate remains constant regardless of the saline concentration of the media. Besides, the delivery control is maintained even in gastric simulated fluid, a property not informed previously for EuE100 complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Guzmán
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Pharmaceutical Technology Research Unit, National University of Córdoba, Haya de la Torre y Medina Allende, Ciudad Universitaria (5000), Córdoba, Argentina
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