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Lopes RD, de Barros E Silva PGM, Filho CRH, Cavalvante MA, Miranda CM, Esper RB, de Lima GG, Ritt LEF, da Silva RMFL, Nakazone MA, Almeida AP, Pavanello R, de Lima CEB, Backes LM, Oliveira LH, de Souza OF, Filho AML, God EMG, Jorge JCM, de Almeida Luiz A, Martins SFPP, Dantas RC, D Oliveira Vieira R, Zimerman LI, Júnior ÁRA, de Oliveira Figueiredo MJ, do Carmo Gomes SP, de Lima LM, Damiani LP, Teixeira RA, Fagundes AA, Saad EB. The First Brazilian Cardiovascular Registry of Atrial Fibrillation: Primary Results of the RECALL Study. Am Heart J 2023; 264:97-105. [PMID: 37330162 DOI: 10.1016/j.ahj.2023.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is estimated that atrial fibrillation (AF) affects approximately 1.5 million people in Brazil; however, epidemiological data are limited. We sought to evaluate the characteristics, treatment patterns, and clinical outcomes in patients with AF in Brazil by creating the first nationwide prospective registry. METHODS RECALL was a multicenter, prospective registry that included and followed for 1 year 4,585 patients with AF at 89 sites across Brazil from April 2012 to August 2019. Patient characteristics, concomitant medication use, and clinical outcomes were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multivariable models. RESULTS Of 4,585 patients enrolled, the median age was 70 (61, 78) years, 46% were women, and 53.8% had permanent AF. Only 4.4% of patients had a history of previous AF ablation and 25.2% had a previous cardioversion. The mean (SD) CHA2DS2-VASc score was 3.2 (1.6); median HAS-BLED score was 2 (2, 3). At baseline, 22% were not on anticoagulants. Of those taking anticoagulants, 62.6% were taking vitamin K antagonists and 37.4% were taking direct oral anticoagulants. The primary reasons for not using an oral anticoagulant were physician judgment (24.6%) and difficulty in controlling (14.7%) or performing (9.9%) INR. Mean (SD) TTR for the study period was 49.5% (27.5). During follow-up, the use of anticoagulants and INR in the therapeutic range increased to 87.1% and 59.1%, respectively. The rates/100 patient-years of death, hospitalization due to AF, AF ablation, cardioversion, stroke, systemic embolism, and major bleeding were 5.76 (5.12-6.47), 15.8 (14.6-17.0), 5.0 (4.4-5.7), 1.8 (1.4-2.2), 2.77 (2.32-3.32), 1.01 (0.75-1.36), and 2.21 (1.81-2.70). Older age, permanent AF, New York Heart Association class III/IV, chronic kidney disease, peripheral arterial disease, stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and dementia were independently associated with increased mortality while the use of anticoagulant was associated with lower risk of death. CONCLUSIONS RECALL represents the largest prospective registry of patients with AF in Latin America. Our findings highlight important gaps in treatment, which can inform clinical practice and guide future interventions to improve the care of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renato D Lopes
- Brazilian Clinical Research Institute, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil; Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC.
| | - Pedro G M de Barros E Silva
- Brazilian Clinical Research Institute, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil; HCOR Research Institute, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Hospital Samaritano Paulista, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Luiz Eduardo Fonteles Ritt
- D'or Research Institute, Hospital Cardio Pulmomar, Salvador, BA, Brazil; Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | | | - Marcelo A Nakazone
- Faculdade de Medicina de Sao José do Rio Preto, Sao José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Alcirley de Almeida Luiz
- Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Cascavel, PR, Brazil; Hospital Universitário do Oeste do Paraná, Cascavel, PR, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Lucas Petri Damiani
- Brazilian Clinical Research Institute, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil; HCOR Research Institute, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Alkmim Teixeira
- Sociedade Brasileira de Arritmias Cardíacas, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil; Hospital Renascentista, Pouso Alegre, MG, Brazil; Universidade do Vale do Sapucaí, Pouso Alegre, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Eduardo Benchimol Saad
- Sociedade Brasileira de Arritmias Cardíacas, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil; Hospital Pró-Cardíaco, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Hospital Samaritano Botafogo, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Praxedes MFDS, da Silva JLP, da Cruz AJA, Viana CC, Barbosa HC, Guimarães NS, Martins MAP. Assessment of the relationship between the level of patient knowledge on warfarin therapy and the quality of oral anticoagulation: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0289836. [PMID: 37561771 PMCID: PMC10414645 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between the level of patient knowledge on warfarin therapy and the quality of oral anticoagulation. This is a systematic review and meta-analysis written on the basis of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guideline. Searches at MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus and LILACS electronic databases were carried out on February 13, 2023, using the descriptors "Patient Medication Knowledge", "Patient Education as Topic", "Health Education", "Patient Education" and Warfarin. The steps of selection, data extraction and quality analysis of articles were performed independently by two reviewers. The analysis was performed considering patient knowledge as a possible modifier of time in therapeutic range (TTR). The meta-analysis included studies that reported the correlation coefficient (Pearson or Spearman) between patient knowledge and TTR. A subgroup analysis was performed according to questionnaires employed to measure patient knowledge. Twelve studies were selected with an overall sample size of 7634 participants and mean age 58.2 (standard deviation (SD)±12,8) years. Eleven (92.0%) cross-sectional studies. The mean TTR was 57.8% (SD±11,3%) and the average level of knowledge was 60.4%. The meta-analysis indicated that patient level of knowledge on warfarin therapy was moderately associated with TTR (rs = 0.435; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.163-0.645; I2 = 96%). Subgroup analysis indicated association between knowledge level and TTR in studies employing the OAK test (rs = 0.617; 95% CI = 0.192-0.847; I2 = 97%) and the AKA (rs = 0.269; 95% CI = 0.002 to 0.501; I2 = 94%). However, the subgroup analysis presented no significant difference between them (p = 0.14). The meta-regression showed a non-significant negative effect of age on the correlation (estimate = -0.028, 95% CI = -0.073 to 0.016, p = 0.207). No publication bias was noted (p = 0.881). To our knowledge, this is the first systematic review and meta-analysis gathering evidence about the relationship between the level of patient knowledge on oral anticoagulation with warfarin and TTR. The implementation of structured and patient-centered educational interventions is essential to effectively increase the level of patient knowledge and, thus, to improve the quality and safety of warfarin therapy. Systematic review registration number: PROSPERO CRD42023398030.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Catiane Costa Viana
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | | | - Maria Auxiliadora Parreiras Martins
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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3
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Oliveira GMMD, Brant LCC, Polanczyk CA, Malta DC, Biolo A, Nascimento BR, Souza MDFMD, Lorenzo ARD, Fagundes AADP, Schaan BD, Castilho FMD, Cesena FHY, Soares GP, Xavier GF, Barreto JAS, Passaglia LG, Pinto MM, Machline-Carrion MJ, Bittencourt MS, Pontes OM, Villela PB, Teixeira RA, Sampaio RO, Gaziano TA, Perel P, Roth GA, Ribeiro ALP. Estatística Cardiovascular – Brasil 2021. Arq Bras Cardiol 2022; 118:115-373. [PMID: 35195219 PMCID: PMC8959063 DOI: 10.36660/abc.20211012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Costa Viana C, da Silva Praxedes MF, Freitas Nunes de Sousa WJ, Bartolazzi F, Sousa Vianna M, Padilha da Silva JL, Parreiras Martins MA. Sex-influence on the time in therapeutic range (TTR) during oral anticoagulation with coumarin derivatives: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2021; 87:4488-4503. [PMID: 33973668 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.14892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS We sought to investigate the association between sex and oral anticoagulation control employing coumarin derivatives. METHODS Electronic sources were MEDLINE, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), The Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), EMBASE, Cochrane Central and Web of Science. Inclusion criteria were: observational and experimental studies; age ≥18 years; both sexes; treatment with any coumarin derivative for ≥3 months; any indication of long-term use; quality of oral anticoagulation measured by time in therapeutic range (TTR). The meta-analysis was developed with odds ratios (OR) for binary variables and mean differences (MD) for continuous variables, using random-effects models (DerSimonian and Laird) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS Overall, 22 articles were selected, comprising 16 cohort studies, four cross-sectional studies and two clinical trials. The number of participants ranged from 110 to 104 505 (183 612; women: 45%). The main indication of oral anticoagulation was atrial fibrillation. Most studies reported the use of warfarin. In the meta-analysis, 15 studies were analysed using TTR as a binary variable (OR = 0.87; 95% CI = 0.78, 0.96; z = -2.75; P = .006.; I2 = 67%) and seven studies as a continuous variable (MD = -2.97; 95% CI = -4.80, -1.14; z = -3.19; P = .0014; I2 = 75%). The pooled estimates indicated that women were associated with lower TTR than men. CONCLUSIONS Our findings revealed an association between female sex and worse oral anticoagulation control. Further studies are needed with primary design to investigate sex-related factors influencing oral anticoagulation control with coumarin derivatives. Innovative strategies focused on women's health may be useful to improve patient-centred care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catiane Costa Viana
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Marcus Fernando da Silva Praxedes
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil.,Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia, Av. do Cajueiro 1015, Cajueiro, Santo Antonio de Jesus, Bahia, 44574-490, Brazil
| | - Waleska Jaclyn Freitas Nunes de Sousa
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Prof. Alfredo Balena, 190, Bairro Santa Efigênia, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 30130-100, Brazil.,Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Prof. Alfredo Balena, 110, Bairro Santa Efigênia, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 30130-100, Brazil
| | - Frederico Bartolazzi
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Prof. Alfredo Balena, 190, Bairro Santa Efigênia, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 30130-100, Brazil
| | - Mayara Sousa Vianna
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - José Luiz Padilha da Silva
- Departamento de Estatística da Universidade Federal do Paraná, R. Evaristo F. Ferreira da Costa, 408, Jardim das Américas, Curitiba, Paraná, 81530-015, Brazil
| | - Maria Auxiliadora Parreiras Martins
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil.,Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Prof. Alfredo Balena, 190, Bairro Santa Efigênia, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 30130-100, Brazil.,Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Prof. Alfredo Balena, 110, Bairro Santa Efigênia, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 30130-100, Brazil
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Chebrolu P, Patil S, Laux TS, Al-Hammadi N, Jain Y, Gage B. Quality of anticoagulation with warfarin in rural Chhattisgarh, India. Indian J Med Res 2021; 152:303-307. [PMID: 33107491 PMCID: PMC7881821 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_1201_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background & objectives In most of rural India, warfarin is the only oral anticoagulant available. Among patients taking warfarin, there is a strong association between poor control of the international normalized ratio (INR) and adverse events. This study was aimed to quantify INR control in a secondary healthcare system in rural Chhattisgarh, India. Methods The INR data were retrospectively obtained from all patients taking warfarin during 2014-2016 at a secondary healthcare system in rural Chhattisgarh, India. Patients attending the clinic had their INR checked at the hospital laboratory and their warfarin dose adjusted by a physician on the same day. The time in therapeutic range (TTR) was calculated for patients who had at least two INR visits. Results The 249 patients had 2839 INR visits. Their median age was 46 yr, and the median body mass index was 17.7 kg/m[2]. They lived a median distance of 78 km (2-3 h of travel) from the hospital. The median INR was 1.7 for a target INR of 2.0-3.0 (n=221) and 2.1 for a target of 2.5-3.5 (n=28). The median TTR was 13.0 per cent, and INR was subtherapeutic 66.0 per cent of the time. Distance from the hospital was not correlated with TTR. Interpretation & conclusions INR values were subtherapeutic two-thirds of the time, and TTR values were poor regardless of distance from the health centre. Future studies should be done to identify interventions to improve INR control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puja Chebrolu
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | | | - Timothy S Laux
- Department of Hospital Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - Noor Al-Hammadi
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | | | - Brian Gage
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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Bartolazzi F, Ribeiro ALP, de Sousa WJFN, Vianna MS, da Silva JLP, Martins MAP. Relationship of health literacy and adherence to oral anticoagulation therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation: a cross-sectional study. J Thromb Thrombolysis 2021; 52:1074-1080. [PMID: 33855686 DOI: 10.1007/s11239-021-02432-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Oral anticoagulant therapy (OAT) has increased substantially due to the aging population and prevalence rise of atrial fibrillation (AF). Medication adherence is important to achieve effectiveness and safety of OAT. The study aim was to investigate the relationship between health literary (HL) and the adherence to OAT in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). This is a cross-sectional study conducted in a public cardiology clinic in Brazil, 2019. Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected by the review of medical records and interviews with patients. The relation between health literacy (HL) and adherence to OAT was investigated by a multiple logistic regression model. Overall, 100 AF patients were included in this study, with average age of 68.8 ± 13.8 years and predominance of women (54 %). Inadequate HL was found in 79 % of the patients and non-adherence was identified in 66 % of the participants. Sex was the only variable with a statistically significant association with non-adherence to OAT. Men presented a 2.54-fold greater chance of non-adherence to OAT, when compared to the women (Odds ratio (OR) = 2.54; 95 % confidence interval (CI): 1.03-6.62; p = 0.047). No statistically significant relationship was found between inadequate HL and non-adherence to OAT (OR 1.48; 95 % CI, 0.47-4.61; p = 0.49). High rates of inadequate HL and non-adherence to OAT were identified in this study; however, this relationship did not prove to be statistically significant. Further studies are needed to investigate factors associated with non-adherence to OAT in large samples of vulnerable populations and strategies for its improvement in public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederico Bartolazzi
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Prof. Alfredo Balena, 190, Santa Efigênia, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, CEP 30130-100, Brazil
| | - Antônio Luiz Pinho Ribeiro
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Prof. Alfredo Balena, 190, Santa Efigênia, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, CEP 30130-100, Brazil.,Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Prof. Alfredo Balena, 110, Santa Efigênia, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, CEP 30130-100, Brazil
| | - Waleska Jaclyn Freitas Nunes de Sousa
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Prof. Alfredo Balena, 190, Santa Efigênia, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, CEP 30130-100, Brazil
| | - Mayara Sousa Vianna
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos, 6.627, Campus Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, CEP 31270-901, Brazil
| | - José Luiz Padilha da Silva
- Universidade Federal do Paraná, Edifício do Setor de Ciências Exatas - 2 o andar, Centro Politécnico, Jardim das Américas, Curitiba, Paraná, CEP 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Maria Auxiliadora Parreiras Martins
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Prof. Alfredo Balena, 190, Santa Efigênia, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, CEP 30130-100, Brazil. .,Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Prof. Alfredo Balena, 110, Santa Efigênia, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, CEP 30130-100, Brazil. .,Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos, 6.627, Campus Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, CEP 31270-901, Brazil.
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Viana CC, Praxedes MFDS, de Sousa WJFN, Bartolazzi F, Vianna MS, Silva JLPD, Martins MAP. Influence of sex-based differences on oral anticoagulation control in patients taking coumarin derivatives: a systematic review protocol. JBI Evid Synth 2021; 19:477-483. [DOI: 10.11124/jbies-20-00168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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8
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Oliveira GMMD, Brant LCC, Polanczyk CA, Biolo A, Nascimento BR, Malta DC, Souza MDFMD, Soares GP, Xavier Junior GF, Machline-Carrion MJ, Bittencourt MS, Pontes Neto OM, Silvestre OM, Teixeira RA, Sampaio RO, Gaziano TA, Roth GA, Ribeiro ALP. Cardiovascular Statistics - Brazil 2020. Arq Bras Cardiol 2020; 115:308-439. [PMID: 33027364 PMCID: PMC9363085 DOI: 10.36660/abc.20200812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gláucia Maria Moraes de Oliveira
- Instituto do Coração Edson Saad da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro , RJ - Brasil.,Disciplina de Cardiologia, Departamento de Clínica Médica da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro , RJ - Brasil
| | - Luisa Campos Caldeira Brant
- Departamento de Clínica Médica da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte , MG - Brasil.,Serviço de Cardiologia e Cirurgia Cardiovascular e Centro de Telessaúde do Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte , MG - Brasil
| | - Carisi Anne Polanczyk
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRS), Porto Alegre , RS - Brasil.,Serviço de Cardiologia do Hospital Moinhos de Vento , Porto Alegre , RS - Brasil.,Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre , RS - Brasil
| | - Andreia Biolo
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRS), Porto Alegre , RS - Brasil.,Serviço de Cardiologia do Hospital Moinhos de Vento , Porto Alegre , RS - Brasil.,Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre , RS - Brasil
| | - Bruno Ramos Nascimento
- Departamento de Clínica Médica da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte , MG - Brasil.,Serviço de Cardiologia e Cirurgia Cardiovascular e Centro de Telessaúde do Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte , MG - Brasil
| | - Deborah Carvalho Malta
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Pública da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte , MG - Brasil
| | - Maria de Fatima Marinho de Souza
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Pública da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte , MG - Brasil.,Organização Vital Strategies , Nova York - EUA
| | - Gabriel Porto Soares
- Instituto do Coração Edson Saad da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro , RJ - Brasil.,Curso de Medicina da Universidade de Vassouras , Vassouras , RJ - Brasil
| | | | | | - Marcio Sommer Bittencourt
- Divisão de Clínica Médica do Hospital Universitário da Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo , SP - Brasil.,Faculdade Israelita de Ciências da Saúde Albert Einstein , São Paulo , SP - Brasil
| | - Octavio M Pontes Neto
- Serviço de Neurologia Vascular e Emergências Neurológicas, Divisão de Neurologia, Departamento de Neurociências e Ciências do Comportamento , Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo , SP - Brasil
| | | | - Renato Azeredo Teixeira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Pública da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte , MG - Brasil
| | - Roney Orismar Sampaio
- Departamento de Cardiopneumologia da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo , SP - Brasil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo , SP - Brasil.,Unidade Clínica de Cardiopatias Valvares do Instituto do Coração (Incor) do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP), São Paulo , SP - Brasil
| | - Thomaz A Gaziano
- Brigham and Women's Hospital , Boston - EUA.,Department of Medicine , Cardiovascular, Harvard Medical School , Boston - EUA
| | - Gregory A Roth
- Global Health and Health Metrics Sciences at the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME), Washington - EUA.,Division of Cardiology at the University of Washington School of Medicine , Washington - EUA
| | - Antonio Luiz Pinho Ribeiro
- Departamento de Clínica Médica da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte , MG - Brasil.,Serviço de Cardiologia e Cirurgia Cardiovascular e Centro de Telessaúde do Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte , MG - Brasil
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Silva PGMDBE, Sznejder H, Vasconcellos R, Charles GM, Mendonca-Filho HTF, Mardekian J, Nascimento R, Dukacz S, Fusco MD. Anticoagulation Therapy in Patients with Non-valvular Atrial Fibrillation in a Private Setting in Brazil: A Real-World Study. Arq Bras Cardiol 2020; 114:457-466. [PMID: 32049154 PMCID: PMC7792730 DOI: 10.36660/abc.20180076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Fundamento: A segurança e a eficácia da varfarina dependem da qualidade do controle da anticoagulação. Estudos observacionais associam controle deficiente com aumento de morbidade, mortalidade e custos com saúde. Objetivos: Desenvolver um perfil de pacientes com fibrilação atrial não valvar (FANV) tratados com varfarina em ambiente ambulatorial e hospitalar privado brasileiro, avaliar a qualidade do controle da anticoagulação e sua associação com resultados clínicos e econômicos. Métodos: Este estudo retrospectivo, por meio de um conjunto de dados de seguros privados de saúde no Brasil, identificou pacientes com FANV tratados com varfarina entre 01 de maio de 2014 a 30 de abril de 2016, descreveu seu manejo da anticoagulação e quantificou os custos relacionados à doença. Foram recuperados dados demográficos, histórico clínico, medicação concomitante e tempo na faixa terapêutica (TTR) dos valores da razão normalizada internacional (RNI). Os pacientes foram agrupados em quartis de TTR, com um bom controle sendo definido como TTR ≥65% (método de Rosendaal). Sangramentos maiores e custos médicos diretos por todas as causas foram calculados e comparados entre subgrupos de controle bons e ruins. Valores de p < 0,05 foram considerados estatisticamente significantes. Resultados: A análise incluiu 1220 pacientes (mediana de seguimento: 1,5 anos; IIQ: 0,5–2,0). Em média, cada paciente recebeu 0,95 medidas mensais de RNI (RNI média: 2,60 ± 0,88, com 26,1% dos valores < 2 e 24,8% > 3), (mediana de TTR: 58%; IIQ: 47-68%), (TTR médio: 56,6% ± 18,9%). Apenas 31% dos pacientes estavam bem controlados (TTR médio: 78% ± 10%), com 1,6% apresentando grandes sangramentos na mediana do seguimento e custos médicos diretos por membro por ano (PMPY) de R$25.352 (± R$37.762). Pacientes com controle abaixo do ideal (69%) foram associados a 3,3 vezes mais sangramentos graves (5,3% vs. 1,6%; p <0,01) e custos 40% maiores (R$35.384 vs. R$25.352; p < 0,01). Conclusões: Mais de 60% dos pacientes estavam abaixo da meta desejada e os custos associados foram significativamente maiores nesta população.
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Non-genetic factors and polymorphisms in genes CYP2C9 and VKORC1: predictive algorithms for TTR in Brazilian patients on warfarin. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2019; 76:199-209. [DOI: 10.1007/s00228-019-02772-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Algorithm for predicting low maintenance doses of warfarin using age and polymorphisms in genes CYP2C9 and VKORC1 in Brazilian subjects. THE PHARMACOGENOMICS JOURNAL 2019; 20:104-113. [PMID: 31395958 DOI: 10.1038/s41397-019-0091-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Warfarin exhibits a wide variation in dose requirements. We sought to evaluate the association of polymorphisms CYP2C9*2 (rs1799853), CYP2C9*3 (rs1075910), and VKORC1-G1639A (rs9923231) and nongenetic factors with maintenance doses of warfarin <17.5 mg/week and to create an algorithm to predict drug sensitivity. This is a retrospective cohort study including 312 patients assisted at an anticoagulation clinic in Brazil. The mean age of participants was 60.4 ± 13.5 years and 59.9% were female. The logistic regression model included: age [odds ratio (OR) 1.03, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01-1.06], genotype VKORC1 AA (OR 31.61, 95% CI 11.20-100.15) and genotype CYP2C9 2/2, 2/3 or 3/3 (OR 16.48, 95% CI 3.37-81.79). The creation of our algorithm involved warfarin-experienced patients on stable doses, identifying factors associated with drug sensitivity. The validation of this algorithm allows its use in future populations to determine the initial dose distinguishing patients with dose requirements <17.5 mg and reducing time to achieve stable doses.
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da Costa JM, Marcolino MS, Torres HC, de Resende RE, de Souza RP, Barbosa HC, Ribeiro DD, Martins MAP. Protocol of a clinical trial study involving educational intervention in patients treated with warfarin. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e15829. [PMID: 31145324 PMCID: PMC6709162 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000015829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained arrhythmia worldwide. Oral anticoagulation is an effective strategy for primary and secondary prevention of stroke in patients with AF. Warfarin is an oral anticoagulant widely prescribed and, despite its benefits, the achievement of the goals of drug therapy depends on patient involvement, among other factors. Educational interventions can contribute for effectiveness and safety of oral anticoagulation therapy. We sought to describe the protocol of a clinical trial designed to evaluate the effect of a patient-centered educational strategy focused on low-income patients with AF and poor anticoagulation control. METHODS Patients ≥18 years with AF, on warfarin for at least 6 months and time in therapeutic range (TTR) <60% will be recruited at 2 anticoagulation clinics (ACs) in Brazil. Patients from 1 AC will be allocated to the intervention group and patients from the other AC will be allocated to the control group. Intervention group will attend educational sessions based on a patient-centered care approach, and the control group will receive usual care. The intervention will be based on Paulo Freire's theory and tailored according to practices involving health empowerment and techniques applied to individuals with limited socioeconomic status. The intervention is estimated to last 5 months. We will consider TTR as the primary outcome and knowledge and self-reported non-adherence to warfarin therapy as secondary outcomes. TTR values and non-adherence will be measured before intervention (T0) and at times immediately after (T1), and 3 (T2), 6 (T3), 9 (T4), and 12 (T5) months after intervention. Knowledge will be measured at times T0, T1 e T5. The calculated sample size indicated 85 patients in each group. DISCUSSION The proposed study aims to investigate whether an innovative educational approach to deliver care to a low-income population on warfarin improves anticoagulation control. Once our hypothesis is confirmed, our findings are expected to help improving anticoagulation control, knowledge on warfarin therapy and adherence to drug therapy. Thus, we believe our results may contribute to improve oral anticoagulation effectiveness in a low-income population. TRIAL REGISTRATION Registro Brasileiro de Ensaios Clínicos (ReBEC) RBR- 9cy6py and UTN: U1111-1217-0151 (March, 2019).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Renan Pedra de Souza
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Leitão JM, Moreira FMDS, Thiel IE, Spricido IY, Silva RHM, Zétola VF. Alarming lack of knowledge about antithrombotic therapy among patients with atrial fibrillation. ARQUIVOS DE NEURO-PSIQUIATRIA 2018; 76:807-811. [DOI: 10.1590/0004-282x20180126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Large population campaigns have been conducted in Brazil to improve knowledge about the signs and symptoms of stroke and the importance of time to care. Objective: Parallel to these important actions, we aimed to evaluate the lay knowledge of patients with atrial fibrillation, a well-recognized etiology of stroke, adequate treatment and management of which can prevent up to 30% of cerebrovascular events. Methods: We questioned 143 patients with atrial fibrillation about the risks associated with the disease. Results: Ninety-one percent were on anticoagulation treatment. Of the total, 63.6% reported having been informed about the risks and benefits of anticoagulants but only 46.9% were able to correctly mention one of these risks. Ischemic stroke was identified as a risk by only 25.9% and hemorrhagic stroke was not mentioned. A CHADS2 ≥ 2 was scored by 84.0% of the patients. Conclusions: Our study showed an alarming knowledge gap in patients with atrial fibrillation. Difficulty in adherence to treatment resulting from the failure of this communication is possibly one of the factors responsible for the high incidence and recurrence of stroke, and should not go unnoticed.
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Marcatto LR, Sacilotto L, Tavares LC, Facin M, Olivetti N, Strunz CMC, Darrieux FCC, Scanavacca MI, Krieger JE, Pereira AC, Santos PCJL. Pharmaceutical Care Increases Time in Therapeutic Range of Patients With Poor Quality of Anticoagulation With Warfarin. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1052. [PMID: 30298004 PMCID: PMC6160801 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Thromboembolic events are associated with high mortality and morbidity indexes. In this context, warfarin is the most widely prescribed oral anticoagulant agent for preventing and treating these events. This medication has a narrow therapeutic range and, consequently, patients usually have difficulty in achieving and maintaining stable target therapeutics. Some studies on the literature about oral anticoagulant management showed that pharmacists could improve the efficiency of anticoagulant therapy. However, the majority of these studies included general patients retrospectively. The aim of this study was to prospectively evaluate a pharmacist’s warfarin management in patients with poor quality of anticoagulation therapy (Time in the Therapeutic Range- TTR < 50%). We included 268 patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and without stable dose of warfarin (TTR < 50%, based on the last three values of International Normalized Ratio-INR). We followed them up for 12 weeks, INR values were evaluated and, when necessary, the dose adjustments were performed. During the first four visits, patient’s INR was measured every 7 days. Then, if INR was within the target therapeutic range (INR: 2–3), the patient was asked to return in 30 days. However, if INR was out the therapeutic target, the patient was asked to return in 7 days. Adherence evaluation was measured through questionnaires and by counting the pills taken. Comparison between basal TTR (which was calculated based on the three last INR values before prospective phase) and TTR of 4 weeks (calculated by considering the INR tests from visits 0 to 4, in the prospective phase of the study) and basal TTR and TTR of 12 weeks (calculated based on the INR tests from visits 0 to 12, in the prospective phase of the study) revealed significant statistical differences (0.144 ± 0.010 vs. 0.382 ± 0.016; and 0.144 ± 0.010 vs. 0.543 ± 0.014, p < 0.001, respectively). We also observed that the mean TTR of 1 year before (retrospective phase) was lower than TTR value after 12 weeks of pharmacist-driven treatment (prospective phase) (0.320 ± 0.015; 0.540 ± 0.015, p < 0.001). In conclusion, pharmaceutical care was able to improve TTR values in patients with AF and poor quality of anticoagulation with warfarin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leiliane Rodrigues Marcatto
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Heart Institute (InCor), Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciana Sacilotto
- Arrythmia Unit, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Heart Institute (InCor), Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Letícia Camargo Tavares
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Heart Institute (InCor), Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mirella Facin
- Arrythmia Unit, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Heart Institute (InCor), Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Natália Olivetti
- Arrythmia Unit, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Heart Institute (InCor), Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Celia Maria Cassaro Strunz
- Clinical Laboratory, Heart Institute (InCor), Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Heart Institute (InCor), Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Maurício Ibrahim Scanavacca
- Arrythmia Unit, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Heart Institute (InCor), Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jose Eduardo Krieger
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Heart Institute (InCor), Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Costa Pereira
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Heart Institute (InCor), Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo Caleb Junior Lima Santos
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Heart Institute (InCor), Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo - Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, Brazil
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Li X, Sun S, Wang Q, Chen B, Zhao Z, Xu X. Assessment of patients' warfarin knowledge and anticoagulation control at a joint physician- and pharmacist-managed clinic in China. Patient Prefer Adherence 2018; 12:783-791. [PMID: 29785093 PMCID: PMC5953313 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s156734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Warfarin is a widely used anticoagulant with a narrow therapeutic index, and it requires close monitoring and adequate patient education. We aimed to assess the knowledge level regarding warfarin therapy among its users and to identify the factors that significantly influence anticoagulation control. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients attending the Warfarin Clinic at the Beijing Tiantan Hospital were enrolled in this study. Patients' knowledge on warfarin was assessed using a validated Anticoagulation Knowledge Assessment (AKA) questionnaire. Patients' responses to each question were analyzed to identify areas of improvement in current warfarin education. International normalized ratio (INR) control was defined by the time in therapeutic range (TTR) calculated using the Rosendaal method. Spearman correlation analysis was used to investigate the association between TTR and the independent variables. RESULTS A total of 65 patients were enrolled in this study. Eleven questions were answered correctly by <50% of the patients. A total of 858 INR results were recorded; 432 INR values (50.3%) reached the predefined goals, and the mean TTR was 49.8%±24.8%. There were significant associations between TTR and patients' AKA scores (R=0.356, P=0.004) and between TTR and patients' educational levels (R=0.339, P=0.006). No significant association was observed between other factors (age and duration of anticoagulation) and TTR. The INR outcome measure was positively associated with patients' knowledge on warfarin and their educational levels. CONCLUSION Areas for improvement in patient education have been identified, and processes for educational modification are currently in development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingang Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Precision Medicine Research Center for Neurological Disorders, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shusen Sun
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Western New England University, Springfield, MA, USA
- Correspondence: Shusen Sun, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Western New England University, 1215 Wilbraham Road, Springfield, MA 01119, USA, Tel +1 413 796 2424, Email
| | - Qiaoyu Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Buxing Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhigang Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Precision Medicine Research Center for Neurological Disorders, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaowei Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Xiaowei Xu, Department of Cardiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tiantan Xili the 6th, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100050, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 10 6709 8353, Email
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