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Van der Watt ASJ, Du Plessis S, Ahmed F, Roos A, Lesch E, Seedat S. Hippocampus, amygdala, and insula activation in response to romantic relationship dissolution stimuli: A case-case-control fMRI study on emerging adult students. J Affect Disord 2024; 356:604-615. [PMID: 38631423 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.04.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Romantic relationship dissolutions (RRDs) are associated with posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS). Functional magnetic resonance imaging in RRD studies indicate overlapping neural activation similar to posttraumatic stress disorder. These studies combine real and hypothetical rejection, and lack contextual information and control and/or comparison groups exposed to non-RRD or DSM-5 defined traumatic events. AIM We investigated blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) activation in the hippocampus, amygdala, and insula of participants with RRDs compared with other traumatic or non-trauma stressors. METHODS Emerging adults (mean age = 21.54 years; female = 74.7 %) who experienced an RRD (n = 36), DSM-5 defined trauma (physical and/or sexual assault: n = 15), or a non-RRD or DSM-5 stressor (n = 28) completed PTSS, depression, childhood trauma, lifetime trauma exposure, and attachment measures. We used a general and customised version of the International Affective Picture System to investigate responses to index-trauma-related stimuli. We used mixed linear models to assess between-group differences, and ANOVAs and Spearman's correlations to analyse factors associated with BOLD activation. RESULTS BOLD activity increased between index-trauma stimuli as compared to neutral stimuli in the hippocampus and amygdala, with no significant difference between the DSM-5 Trauma and RRD groups. Childhood adversity, sexual orientation, and attachment style were associated with BOLD activation changes. Breakup characteristics (e.g., initiator status) were associated with increased BOLD activation in the hippocampus and amygdala, in the RRD group. CONCLUSION RRDs should be considered as potentially traumatic events. Breakup characteristics are risk factors for experiencing RRDs as traumatic. LIMITATION Future studies should consider more diverse representation across sex, ethnicity, and sexual orientation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S J Van der Watt
- Department of Psychiatry, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa.
| | - S Du Plessis
- Department of Psychiatry, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa; SAMRC Genomics of Brain Disorders Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - F Ahmed
- Department of Psychiatry, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - A Roos
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - E Lesch
- Department of Psychology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - S Seedat
- Department of Psychiatry, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa; SAMRC Genomics of Brain Disorders Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
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2
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Maturana‐Quijada P, Steward T, Vilarrasa N, Miranda‐Olivos R, Jiménez‐Murcia S, Carey HJ, Fernández‐Formoso J, Guerrero‐Perez F, Sánchez I, Custal N, Virgili N, Lopez‐Urdiales R, Soriano‐Mas C, Fernandez‐Aranda F. Dynamic fronto-amygdalar interactions underlying emotion-regulation deficits in women at higher weight. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2023; 31:2283-2293. [PMID: 37545191 PMCID: PMC10946850 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The regulation of negative emotions entails the modulation of subcortical regions, such as the amygdala, by prefrontal regions. There is preliminary evidence suggesting that individuals at higher weight may present with hypoactivity in prefrontal regulatory systems during emotional regulation, although the directionality of these pathways has not been tested. In this study, we compared fronto-amygdalar effective connectivity during cognitive reappraisal as a function of BMI in 48 adult women with obesity and 54 control participants. METHODS Dynamic causal modeling and parametric empirical Bayes were used to map effective connectivity between the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex, orbitofrontal cortex, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and the amygdala. RESULTS Difficulty in Emotion Regulation Scale scores were higher in the obesity group compared with control participants (p < 0.001). A top-down cortical model best explained our functional magnetic resonance imaging data (posterior probability = 86%). Participants at higher BMI were less effective at inhibiting activity in the amygdala via the orbitofrontal cortex and dorsomedial prefrontal cortex during reappraisal compared with those at lower BMI. In contrast, increased excitatory modulation of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex-to-amygdalar connectivity was found in participants at lower BMI. CONCLUSIONS These findings support a framework involving alterations in fronto-amygdalar connectivity contributing to difficulties in regulating negative affect in individuals at higher weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Maturana‐Quijada
- Psychiatry and Mental Health Group, Neuroscience ProgramInstitut d’ Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Trevor Steward
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health SciencesUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health SciencesUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Nuria Vilarrasa
- Department of Endocrinology and NutritionBellvitge University Hospital–IDIBELLBarcelonaSpain
- CIBER Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM)Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIBarcelonaSpain
| | - Romina Miranda‐Olivos
- Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn)Instituto Salud Carlos IIIBarcelonaSpain
- Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neuroscience ProgramInstitut d' Investigacio Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Susana Jiménez‐Murcia
- Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn)Instituto Salud Carlos IIIBarcelonaSpain
- Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neuroscience ProgramInstitut d' Investigacio Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL)BarcelonaSpain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Clinical Psychology UnitBellvitge University Hospital‐IDIBELLBarcelonaSpain
| | - Holly J. Carey
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health SciencesUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | | | - Fernando Guerrero‐Perez
- Department of Endocrinology and NutritionBellvitge University Hospital–IDIBELLBarcelonaSpain
| | - Isabel Sánchez
- Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn)Instituto Salud Carlos IIIBarcelonaSpain
- Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neuroscience ProgramInstitut d' Investigacio Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL)BarcelonaSpain
- Clinical Psychology UnitBellvitge University Hospital‐IDIBELLBarcelonaSpain
| | - Nuria Custal
- Clinical Psychology UnitBellvitge University Hospital‐IDIBELLBarcelonaSpain
| | - Nuria Virgili
- Department of Endocrinology and NutritionBellvitge University Hospital–IDIBELLBarcelonaSpain
- CIBER Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM)Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIBarcelonaSpain
| | - Rafael Lopez‐Urdiales
- Department of Endocrinology and NutritionBellvitge University Hospital–IDIBELLBarcelonaSpain
| | - Carles Soriano‐Mas
- Psychiatry and Mental Health Group, Neuroscience ProgramInstitut d’ Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL)BarcelonaSpain
- Ciber Salud Mental (CIBERSAM)Instituto Salud Carlos IIIBarcelonaSpain
- Department of Social Psychology and Quantitative Psychology, School of PsychologyUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Fernando Fernandez‐Aranda
- Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn)Instituto Salud Carlos IIIBarcelonaSpain
- Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neuroscience ProgramInstitut d' Investigacio Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL)BarcelonaSpain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Clinical Psychology UnitBellvitge University Hospital‐IDIBELLBarcelonaSpain
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Giddens E, Noy B, Steward T, Verdejo-García A. The influence of stress on the neural underpinnings of disinhibited eating: a systematic review and future directions for research. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2023; 24:713-734. [PMID: 37310550 PMCID: PMC10404573 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-023-09814-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Disinhibited eating involves overconsumption and loss of control over food intake, and underpins many health conditions, including obesity and binge-eating related disorders. Stress has been implicated in the development and maintenance of disinhibited eating behaviours, but the mechanisms underlying this relationship are unclear. In this systematic review, we examined how the impact of stress on the neurobiological substrates of food-related reward sensitivity, interoception and cognitive control explains its role in disinhibited eating behaviours. We synthesised the findings of functional magnetic resonance imaging studies including acute and/or chronic stress exposures in participants with disinhibited eating. A systematic search of existing literature conducted in alignment with the PRISMA guidelines identified seven studies investigating neural impacts of stress in people with disinhibited eating. Five studies used food-cue reactivity tasks, one study used a social evaluation task, and one used an instrumental learning task to probe reward, interoception and control circuitry. Acute stress was associated with deactivation of regions in the prefrontal cortex implicated in cognitive control and the hippocampus. However, there were mixed findings regarding differences in reward-related circuitry. In the study using a social task, acute stress associated with deactivation of prefrontal cognitive control regions in response to negative social evaluation. In contrast, chronic stress was associated with both deactivation of reward and prefrontal regions when viewing palatable food-cues. Given the small number of identified publications and notable heterogeneity in study designs, we propose several recommendations to strengthen future research in this emerging field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Giddens
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, 18 Innovation Walk, Clayton, VIC 3800 Australia
| | - Brittany Noy
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, 18 Innovation Walk, Clayton, VIC 3800 Australia
| | - Trevor Steward
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC Australia
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Antonio Verdejo-García
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, 18 Innovation Walk, Clayton, VIC 3800 Australia
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Samoilova IG, Podchinenova DV, Matveeva MV, Kudlay DA, Oleynik OA, Tolmachev IV, Kaverina IS, Vachadze TD, Kovarenko MA, Loginova OA. [Structural and functional characteristics of the brain and their role in the development of eating behaviour in obesity: A review]. TERAPEVT ARKH 2023; 95:434-437. [PMID: 38158999 DOI: 10.26442/00403660.2023.05.202228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Obesity is a major public health problem that requires new approaches. Despite all interventions, the behavioural and therapeutic interventions developed have demonstrated limited effectiveness in curbing the obesity epidemic. Findings from imaging studies of the brain suggest the existence of neural vulnerabilities and structural changes that are associated with the development of obesity and eating disorders. This review highlights the clinical relevance of brain neuroimaging research in obese individuals to prevent risky behaviour, early diagnosis, and the development of new safer and more effective treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - D A Kudlay
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
- National Research Center - Institute of Immunology
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Santos-Cruz LF, Sigrist-Flores SC, Castañeda-Partida L, Heres-Pulido ME, Dueñas-García IE, Piedra-Ibarra E, Ponciano-Gómez A, Jiménez-Flores R, Campos-Aguilar M. Effects of Fructose and Palmitic Acid on Gene Expression in Drosophila melanogaster Larvae: Implications for Neurodegenerative Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10279. [PMID: 37373426 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the largest health problems worldwide is the development of chronic noncommunicable diseases due to the consumption of hypercaloric diets. Among the most common alterations are cardiovascular diseases, and a high correlation between overnutrition and neurodegenerative diseases has also been found. The urgency in the study of specific damage to tissues such as the brain and intestine led us to use Drosophila melanogaster to study the metabolic effects caused by the consumption of fructose and palmitic acid in specific tissues. Thus, third instar larvae (96 ± 4 h) of the wild Canton-S strain of D. melanogaster were used to perform transcriptomic profiling in brain and midgut tissues to test for the potential metabolic effects of a diet supplemented with fructose and palmitic acid. Our data infer that this diet can alter the biosynthesis of proteins at the mRNA level that participate in the synthesis of amino acids, as well as fundamental enzymes for the dopaminergic and GABAergic systems in the midgut and brain. These also demonstrated alterations in the tissues of flies that may help explain the development of various reported human diseases associated with the consumption of fructose and palmitic acid in humans. These studies will not only help to better understand the mechanisms by which the consumption of these alimentary products is related to the development of neuronal diseases but may also contribute to the prevention of these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Felipe Santos-Cruz
- Toxicología Genética, Biología, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Los Barrios N° 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico
| | - Santiago Cristobal Sigrist-Flores
- Laboratorio de Inmunología (UMF), Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Los Barrios N° 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico
| | - Laura Castañeda-Partida
- Toxicología Genética, Biología, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Los Barrios N° 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico
| | - María Eugenia Heres-Pulido
- Toxicología Genética, Biología, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Los Barrios N° 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico
| | - Irma Elena Dueñas-García
- Toxicología Genética, Biología, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Los Barrios N° 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico
| | - Elías Piedra-Ibarra
- Fisiología Vegetal (UBIPRO), Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Los Barrios N° 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico
| | - Alberto Ponciano-Gómez
- Laboratorio de Inmunología (UMF), Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Los Barrios N° 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico
| | - Rafael Jiménez-Flores
- Laboratorio de Inmunología (UMF), Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Los Barrios N° 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico
| | - Myriam Campos-Aguilar
- Laboratorio de Inmunología (UMF), Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Los Barrios N° 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico
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Steward T, Wierenga CE. Foreword to the special issue on the neuroscience of obesity and related disorders. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2022; 23:679-681. [PMID: 35697960 PMCID: PMC9307530 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-022-09739-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Trevor Steward
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Redmond Barry Building #505, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Christina E Wierenga
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
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