1
|
Casal G, Silva TJ, Soares EC, Oliveira E, Santos M, Rocha S. Morphological, histopathological, ultrastructural and phylogenetic analysis of Henneguya archosargus n. sp. (Cnidaria, Myxosporea) infecting the sparid fish Archosargus probatocephalus in Brazilian waters. Microb Pathog 2023; 184:106366. [PMID: 37734487 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
The introduction of new fish species to the aquaculture industry is essential to halt the progressive decline of natural fish stocks. The sheepshead Archosargus probatocephalus is a commercially valuable sparid fish with potential for breeding in captivity, but with limited information regarding parasitic infections that could pose a significant threat for its sustainable production. Thus, the present study aimed to study the myxozoan diversity infecting A. probatocephalus. A novel Henneguya sp. was detected forming plasmodia in the gill lamellae of specimens inhabiting the Brazilian coast, and is characterized based on morphological, histopathological, ultrastructural, molecular, and phylogenetic data. Myxospore total length was 21.3 ± 0.8 μm, with myxospore body 10.0 ± 0.5 μm long, 6.2 ± 0.3 μm wide, and 4.8 ± 0.5 μm thick. Caudal appendages were 10.3 ± 0.5 μm long and did not present any type of coating. Two pyriform polar capsules, 3.4 ± 0.3 μm long and 1.5 ± 0.2 μm wide, each containing an isofilar polar tubule with 4-5 coils. Histopathological analyses showed large intralamellar polysporic plasmodia associated with vascular congestion of the gill filament and gill lamellae, as well as epithelial hyperplasia causing partial or total fusion of gill lamellae. Maximum likelihood and Baysesian inference SSU rDNA-based phylogenetic analyses showed the novel sequence grouped within the marine clade of Henneguya spp. that mostly parasitize fishes belonging to Eupercaria incertae sedis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Graça Casal
- 1H-OXRUN - One Health Toxicology Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences, CESPU, CRL, 4585-116, Gandra, Portugal; Department of Microscopy, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Themis J Silva
- Laboratório de Aquicultura e Análise de Água - LAQUA, Universidade Federal de Alagoas - UFAL, Campus de Engenharias e Ciências Agrárias - CECA, Rio Largo, AL, Brazil
| | - Emerson C Soares
- Laboratório de Aquicultura e Análise de Água - LAQUA, Universidade Federal de Alagoas - UFAL, Campus de Engenharias e Ciências Agrárias - CECA, Rio Largo, AL, Brazil
| | - Elsa Oliveira
- Department of Microscopy, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Marta Santos
- Department of Microscopy, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sónia Rocha
- Department of Microscopy, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rangel LF, Santos MJ, Rocha S. Synopsis of the species of Henneguya Thélohan, 1892 (Cnidaria: Myxosporea: Myxobolidae) described since 2012. Syst Parasitol 2023; 100:291-305. [PMID: 37020081 DOI: 10.1007/s11230-023-10088-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
The genus Henneguya Thélohan, 1892 (Cnidaria: Myxosporea: Myxobolidae) encompasses a large number of species that mostly infect freshwater fish belonging to 71 families of Actinopterygii. A synopsis of Henneguya species described between 2012 and 2022 is herein presented. It includes 57 species described during the last decade, and one species missing from the previous synopses, adding to a total of 254 species that have been formally described within this genus. Biological characters and myxospore morphometry are presented for each species record.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luis F Rangel
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal.
- CIIMAR, Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Maria J Santos
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal
- CIIMAR, Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sónia Rocha
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS - School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Woodyard ET, Bierman AE, Edwards JJ, Finney JC, Rosser TG, Griffin MJ, Marancik DP. Kudoa hypoepicardialis and associated cardiac lesions in invasive red lionfish Pterois volitans in Grenada, West Indies. DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS 2022; 149:97-108. [PMID: 35678355 DOI: 10.3354/dao03663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Invasive red lionfish Pterois volitans (Linnaeus, 1758) represent an ongoing ecological threat within temperate and tropical waters. Relatively little is known regarding the overall health of P. volitans and their potential for spreading pathogens in non-native regions. Lionfish collected from inshore reefs of Grenada, West Indies, in 2019 and 2021 were identified as P. volitans based on cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 barcoding. Gross and microscopic examination of tissues revealed myxozoan plasmodia in the hearts of 24/76 (31.6%) lionfish by histopathology or wet mount cytology. Further histopathologic examination revealed severe granulomatous inflammation and myofiber necrosis associated with developing plasmodia and presporogonic life stages. Fresh myxospores were morphologically and molecularly consistent with Kudoa hypoepicardialis, being quadrate in apical view with 4 valves and 4 equal polar capsules. The spore body was 5.1-7.9 (mean: 6.0) µm long, 8.1-9.8 (8.7) µm wide, and 6.9-8.5 (7.7) µm thick. Polar capsules were 2.3-2.7 (2.5) µm long and 0.9-1.6 (1.3) µm wide. 18S small subunit rDNA sequences were 99.81-99.87% similar to sequence data from the original description of the species. Novel 28S large subunit rDNA and elongation factor 2 data, which did not match any previously reported species, were provided. This is the first account of a myxozoan parasite of P. volitans, a new host record and locality for K. hypoepicardialis, and one of few reports describing pathogen-associated lesions in invasive lionfish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ethan T Woodyard
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Woodyard ET, Rosser TG, Stilwell JM, Camus AC, Khoo LH, Waldbieser G, Lorenz WW, Griffin MJ. New data on Henneguya postexilis Minchew, 1977, a parasite of channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus, with notes on resolution of molecular markers for myxozoan phylogeny. Syst Parasitol 2022; 99:41-62. [PMID: 35028798 DOI: 10.1007/s11230-021-10015-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Previous morphological and histological data are supplemented with molecular and ultrastructural data for a Henneguya sp. isolated from farm-raised channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus in Mississippi, USA. Myxospores were cryptic, encapsulated within a thin layer of epithelium in the gill lamellae with spore measurements consistent with the original description of Henneguya postexilis Minchew, 1977. Myxospores were 42.7-49.1 µm in total length with spore bodies 12.1-17.2 × 3.6-4.8 × 2.9-3 µm. Polar capsules were of unequal length, with the longer capsule being 4.4-6.7 × 1.1-1.6 µm and the shorter capsule being 4.4-6.4 × 1.1-1.6 µm. Polar tubules had 6-8 turns. Caudal processes were 25.7-38.1 µm in length. Spores were encapsulated in a thin layer of epithelium in the gill lamellae. Molecular data from the most commonly used markers for myxozoan identification and phylogeny, partial 18S small subunit ribosomal gene (SSU), partial 28S large subunit ribosomal gene (LSU), and elongation factor 2 (EF2) were generated for H. postexilis. Additionally, novel data for LSU and EF2 were generated for archived myxozoan specimens from farm-raised catfish (H. mississippiensis, H. ictaluri, H. exilis, H. adiposa, H. sutherlandi, H. bulbosus, Unicauda fimbrethilae), as well as archived specimens from wild fish (H. laseeae [from Pylodictis olivaris], Hennegoides flockae [from Aphredoderus sayanus], Myxobolus cloutmani [from Cycleptus elongatus]. These include the first EF2 sequence data for the genera Hennegoides and Unicauda. Phylogenetic analyses using these data placed H. postexilis in well supported clades with other ictalurid-infecting Henneguya species. Phylogenetic signal assessments on these analyses suggest that while SSU provided the greatest phylogenetic signal, LSU yielded comparable signal, supporting previous work implying this region may be underutilised in reconstructing myxobolid phylogenies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ethan T Woodyard
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 39759, USA.
| | - Thomas G Rosser
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 39759, USA
| | - Justin M Stilwell
- Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Alvin C Camus
- Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Lester H Khoo
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 39759, USA
| | - Geoffrey Waldbieser
- USDA-ARS Warmwater Aquaculture Research Unit, Thad Cochran National Warmwater Aquaculture Center, Stoneville, MS, 38776, USA
| | - W Walter Lorenz
- Georgia Genomics and Bioinformatics Core, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Matt J Griffin
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 39759, USA
| |
Collapse
|