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Karmacharya J, Shrestha P, Han SR, Lee JH, Oh TJ. Exploiting CotA laccase from Antarctic Bacillus sp. PAMC28748 for efficient mediator-assisted dye decolorization and ABTS regeneration. CHEMOSPHERE 2025; 372:144137. [PMID: 39848057 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2024] [Revised: 01/11/2025] [Accepted: 01/17/2025] [Indexed: 01/25/2025]
Abstract
Laccases are of particular interest in addressing environmental challenges, such as the degradation of triphenylmethane (TPM) dyes, including crystal violet (CV) and Coomassie Brilliant Blue (CBB), which are commonly used in SDS-PAGE for protein visualization. However, these dyes present significant environmental concerns due to their resistance to degradation, which makes their removal from industrial wastewater a major challenge. To address this, the current study investigates the potential of a novel CotA laccase derived from Bacillus sp. PAMC28748, an Antarctic bacterial isolate, for decolorizing these stubborn dyes. The CotA gene was successfully cloned and expressed, and the enzyme demonstrated optimal activity at pH 3 and 50 °C, which favors its maximum catalytic performance. The recombinant Bacillus sp. PAMC28748 rBCLac effectively decolorized CBB without additional mediators, whereas the degradation of CV required the use of the redox mediator ABTS. With ABTS, over 90 % decolorization was achieved at a 0.35 % concentration of CV after 240 min of incubation. Further investigation through molecular docking studies revealed that hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions between the enzyme and the dye molecules are critical for effective degradation, highlighting the enzyme's specific interaction mechanisms. In addition to its catalytic effectiveness, the study also demonstrated the practical potential of the rBCLac system by recovering and reusing both ABTS and rBCLac through ultracentrifugation and acetone precipitation. The process maintained over 75 % efficiency across three cycles, despite a slight decline in enzyme activity, thus showcasing the system's sustainability and reusability. These findings collectively suggest that rBCLac, isolated from an extreme Antarctic environment, holds considerable promise as a candidate for the removal of industrial wastewater containing persistent dyes, with the added potential for cost-effective and sustainable water treatment through the reuse of both the enzyme and its mediator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayram Karmacharya
- Department of Life Science and Biochemical Engineering, Graduate School, SunMoon University, Asan, 31460, Republic of Korea.
| | - Prasansah Shrestha
- Department of Life Science and Biochemical Engineering, Graduate School, SunMoon University, Asan, 31460, Republic of Korea; Genome-based Bio-IT Convergence Institute, Asan, 31460, Republic of Korea.
| | - So-Ra Han
- Genome-based Bio-IT Convergence Institute, Asan, 31460, Republic of Korea; Bio Big Data-based Chungnam Smart Clean Research Leader Training Program, SunMoon University, Asan, 31460, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jun Hyuck Lee
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon, 21990, Republic of Korea.
| | - Tae-Jin Oh
- Department of Life Science and Biochemical Engineering, Graduate School, SunMoon University, Asan, 31460, Republic of Korea; Genome-based Bio-IT Convergence Institute, Asan, 31460, Republic of Korea; Bio Big Data-based Chungnam Smart Clean Research Leader Training Program, SunMoon University, Asan, 31460, Republic of Korea; Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Biotechnology, SunMoon University, Asan, 31460, Republic of Korea.
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Qian C, Pei Z, Wang B, Peng R, Yao Q. Characterization and Degradation of Triphenylmethane Dyes and Their Leuco-Derivatives by Heterologously Expressed Laccase From Coprinus cinerea. Cell Biochem Funct 2024; 42:e4127. [PMID: 39420654 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.4127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 09/08/2024] [Indexed: 10/19/2024]
Abstract
Laccase is a copper-containing polyphenol oxidase that can oxidize phenolic and non-phenolic organic substrates. In the past decades, laccases had received considerable attention because of the ability to degrade various organic substances. Based on the codon preference of the Pichia pastoris expression system, this study optimized the gene structure of the laccase gene Lcc1 from Coprius cinerea through synthetic biology methods. A new gene Lcc1I was synthesized and heterologously expressed in P. pastoris. After 3 days of cultivation in a shake flask at 30°C, the transformants produced at a yield of 890 mg L-1protein. The highest production level of the recombinant laccase was 2760 U L-1. The molecular mass of the recombinant laccase was estimated at 60 kDa. The enzyme showed highest activity at pH 3.4 and 45°C. It possessed better stability at higher pH and lower temperature condition. Using 2,2'-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulphonate (ABTS) as the substrate, the Km and Vmax values were 0.136 mM and 9778 μM min-1 mg-1, respectively. The recombinant laccase could directly oxidize some triphenylmethane dyes like leuco-crystal violet (LCV) and leuco-malachite green (LMG). With the help of ABTS mediator, it could oxidize and degrade 77.7% crystal violet (CV) and 79.2% malachite green (MG) within 1 h. Our results indicate that optimization of the laccase gene achieves good expression results in the host system. The dye degradation model constructed in this study may also be applied to the degradation of other organic pollutants and toxic substances, providing new solutions for environmental remediation against the increasingly severe environmental pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cen Qian
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zuodi Pei
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Rihe Peng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Quanhong Yao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
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3
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Liu D, Diao W, Chen H, Qi X, Fang H, Yu X, Li L, Bai Y, Liang C. Heterologous expression and characterization of a dye-decolorizing peroxidase from Ganoderma lucidum, and its application in decolorization and detoxifization of different types of dyes. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 40:303. [PMID: 39153119 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-024-04084-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Dye-decolorizing peroxidases (DyPs) belong to a novel superfamily of heme peroxidases that can oxidize recalcitrant compounds. In the current study, the GlDyP2 gene from Ganoderma lucidum was heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli, and the enzymatic properties of the recombinant GlDyP2 protein were investigated. The GlDyP2 protein could oxidize not only the typical peroxidase substrate ABTS but also two lignin substrates, namely guaiacol and 2,6-dimethoxy phenol (DMP). For the ABTS substrate, the optimum pH and temperature of GlDyP2 were 4.0 and 35 °C, respectively. The pH stability and thermal stability of GlDyP2 were also measured; the results showed that GlDyP2 could function normally in the acidic environment, with a T50 value of 51 °C. Moreover, compared to untreated controls, the activity of GlDyP2 was inhibited by 1.60 mM of Mg2+, Ni2+, Mn2+, and ethanol; 0.16 mM of Cu2+, Zn2+, methanol, isopropyl alcohol, and Na2EDTA·2H2O; and 0.016 mM of Fe2+ and SDS. The kinetic constants of recombinant GlDyP2 for oxidizing ABTS, Reactive Blue 19, guaiacol, and DMP were determined; the results showed that the recombination GlDyP2 exhibited the strongest affinity and the most remarkable catalytic efficiency towards guaiacol in the selected substrates. GlDyP2 also exhibited decolorization and detoxification capabilities towards several dyes, including Reactive Blue 19, Reactive Brilliant Blue X-BR, Reactive Black 5, Methyl Orange, Trypan Blue, and Malachite Green. In conclusion, GlDyP2 has good application potential for treating dye wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Wentong Diao
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xiwu Qi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Hailing Fang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Xu Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Li Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Yang Bai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Chengyuan Liang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China.
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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Elsayed AM, Mahmoud M, Abdel Karim GSA, Abdelraof M, Othman AM. Purification and biochemical characterization of two laccase isoenzymes isolated from Trichoderma harzianum S7113 and its application for bisphenol A degradation. Microb Cell Fact 2023; 22:1. [PMID: 36593499 PMCID: PMC9806890 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-022-02011-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Two laccase isoenzymes (LacA and LacB) were isolated from a novel Trichoderma harzianum S7113 isolate employing ammonium sulfate precipitation, Sephadex G100, and DEAE Sepharose ion exchange chromatography. The molecular weights of the purified LacA and LacB laccases were estimated to be 63 and 48 kDa, respectively. The two isoenzymes had their optimum activities at the same temperature (50 °C), but at slightly different pH values (pH 3.0 for LacA and pH 2.5 for LacB). LacA and LacB had the same thermal stability at 40 °C and pH stability at pH 9.0. The two isoenzymes also showed a high level of specific activity toward ABTS, where the Km values of LacA and LacB were 0.100 and 0.065 mM, whereas their Vmax values were 0.603 and 0.182 µmol min-1, respectively. LacA and LacB catalytic activity was stimulated by Mg2+, Zn2+, K+, and Ni2+, whereas it was inhibited by Hg2+ and Pb2+, β-mercaptoethanol, EDTA, and SDS, and completely inhibited by sodium azide. Our findings indicate that purified laccase has a promising capacity for bisphenol A (BPA) bioremediation across a broad pH range. This finding opens up new opportunities for the commercialization of this technique in a variety of biotechnology-based applications, particularly for removing endocrine chemicals from the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alshaimaa M. Elsayed
- grid.419725.c0000 0001 2151 8157Molecular Biology Department, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, 12622 Egypt
| | - Mohamed Mahmoud
- grid.419725.c0000 0001 2151 8157Water Pollution Research Department, National Research Centre, 33 El-Buhouth St., Dokki, Giza, 12622 Egypt
| | - Ghada S. A. Abdel Karim
- grid.419725.c0000 0001 2151 8157Molecular Biology Department, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, 12622 Egypt
| | - Mohamed Abdelraof
- grid.419725.c0000 0001 2151 8157Microbial Chemistry Department, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, 12622 Egypt
| | - Abdelmageed M. Othman
- grid.419725.c0000 0001 2151 8157Microbial Chemistry Department, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, 12622 Egypt
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5
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Zhang Y, Deng Y, Feng J, Hu J, Chen H, Guo Z, Gao R, Su Y. ToxR modulates biofilm formation in fish pathogen Vibrio harveyi. Lett Appl Microbiol 2021; 74:288-299. [PMID: 34822732 DOI: 10.1111/lam.13606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Vibrio harveyi is a common aquaculture pathogen causing diseases in a variety of aquatic animals. toxR, a conserved virulence-associated gene in vibrios, is identified in V. harveyi 345, a pathogenic strain isolated from diseased fish. In this study, to gain insight into function of ToxR in V. harveyi, an in-frame deletion of the toxR gene was constructed to reveal the role of ToxR in the physiology and virulence of V. harveyi. The statistical analysis showed no significant differences in the growth ability, motility, extracellular protease secretion, antibiotic susceptibility, virulence by intraperitoneal injection and the ability of V. harveyi to colonize the spleen and liver tissues of the pearl gentian grouper between the wild-type (WT) and the toxR mutant. However, the deletion of toxR increased the biofilm formation. The structure of the V. harveyi biofilm was further analysed by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and confocal laser scanning microscopy, and the results showed that deletion of toxR increased the number and density of V. harveyi biofilm. Since biofilm production is flagella, exopolysaccharide (EPS) and lipopolysaccharide dependent, 16 of V. harveyi biofilm-related genes were selected for further analysis. Based on quantitative real-time reverse transcription-PCR, the expression levels of these genes, including genes flrB, motY and mshA, flaE, flrA and gmhD, were significantly up-regulated in the ΔtoxR+ strain as compared with the WT+ and C-ΔtoxR strains during the early and mid-exponential, while epsG, flaA, flaE, flgD, flgE, flrB, flrC, lpxB, motY, mshA and scrG genes were inhibited because of deletion of the toxR gene in the stationary growth phase. Our results indicate that ToxR plays an important role in controlling the biofilm in V. harveyi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Zhang
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Y Deng
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - J Feng
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - J Hu
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - H Chen
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Z Guo
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - R Gao
- Zhaoqing Dahuanong Biology Medicine Co. Ltd, Guangdong, Zhaoqing, PR China
| | - Y Su
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Innovative Institute of Animal Healthy Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
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6
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Wiśniewska KM, Twarda-Clapa A, Białkowska AM. Novel Cold-Adapted Recombinant Laccase KbLcc1 from Kabatiella bupleuri G3 IBMiP as a Green Catalyst in Biotransformation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9593. [PMID: 34502503 PMCID: PMC8431773 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cold-adapted enzymes are useful tools in the organic syntheses conducted in mixed aqueous-organic or non-aqueous solvents due to their molecular flexibility that stabilizes the proteins in low water activity environments. A novel psychrophilic laccase gene from Kabatiella bupleuri, G3 IBMiP, was spliced by Overlap-Extension PCR (OE-PCR) and expressed in Pichia pastoris. Purified recombinant KbLcc1 laccase has an optimal temperature of 30 °C and pH of 3.5, 5.5, 6.0, and 7.0 in the reaction with 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), guaiacol, sinapic acid, and syringaldazine, respectively. Moreover, laccase KbLcc1 is highly thermolabile, as it loses 40% of activity after 30 min at 40 °C and is inactivated at 50 °C after the same period of incubation. The new enzyme remained active with 1 mM of Ni2+, Cu2+, Mn2+, and Zn2+ and with 2 mM of Co2+, Ca2+, and Mg2+, but Fe2+ greatly inhibited the laccase activity. Moreover, 1% ethanol had no impact on KbLcc1, although acetone and ethyl acetate decreased the laccase activity. The presence of hexane (40%, v/v) caused a 58% increase in activity. Laccase KbLcc1 could be applied in the decolorization of synthetic dyes and in the biotransformation of ferulic acid to vanillin. After 5 days of reaction at 20 °C, pH 3.5, with 1 mM ABTS as a mediator, the vanillin concentration was 21.9 mg/L and the molar yield of transformation reached 14.39%.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Aneta M. Białkowska
- Institute of Molecular and Industrial Biotechnology, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 2/22, 90-537 Łódź, Poland; (K.M.W.); (A.T.-C.)
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Ardila-Leal LD, Poutou-Piñales RA, Pedroza-Rodríguez AM, Quevedo-Hidalgo BE. A Brief History of Colour, the Environmental Impact of Synthetic Dyes and Removal by Using Laccases. Molecules 2021; 26:3813. [PMID: 34206669 PMCID: PMC8270347 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26133813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The history of colour is fascinating from a social and artistic viewpoint because it shows the way; use; and importance acquired. The use of colours date back to the Stone Age (the first news of cave paintings); colour has contributed to the social and symbolic development of civilizations. Colour has been associated with hierarchy; power and leadership in some of them. The advent of synthetic dyes has revolutionized the colour industry; and due to their low cost; their use has spread to different industrial sectors. Although the percentage of coloured wastewater discharged by the textile; food; pharmaceutical; cosmetic; and paper industries; among other productive areas; are unknown; the toxic effect and ecological implications of this discharged into water bodies are harmful. This review briefly shows the social and artistic history surrounding the discovery and use of natural and synthetic dyes. We summarise the environmental impact caused by the discharge of untreated or poorly treated coloured wastewater to water bodies; which has led to physical; chemical and biological treatments to reduce the colour units so as important physicochemical parameters. We also focus on laccase utility (EC 1.10.3.2), for discolouration enzymatic treatment of coloured wastewater, before its discharge into water bodies. Laccases (p-diphenol: oxidoreductase dioxide) are multicopper oxidoreductase enzymes widely distributed in plants, insects, bacteria, and fungi. Fungal laccases have employed for wastewater colour removal due to their high redox potential. This review includes an analysis of the stability of laccases, the factors that influence production at high scales to achieve discolouration of high volumes of contaminated wastewater, the biotechnological impact of laccases, and the degradation routes that some dyes may follow when using the laccase for colour removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leidy D. Ardila-Leal
- Grupo de Biotecnología Ambiental e Industrial (GBAI), Laboratorio de Biotecnología Molecular, Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana (PUJ), Bogotá 110-23, DC, Colombia;
| | - Raúl A. Poutou-Piñales
- Grupo de Biotecnología Ambiental e Industrial (GBAI), Laboratorio de Biotecnología Molecular, Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana (PUJ), Bogotá 110-23, DC, Colombia;
| | - Aura M. Pedroza-Rodríguez
- Grupo de Biotecnología Ambiental e Industrial (GBAI), Laboratorio de Microbiología Ambiental y de Suelos, Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana (PUJ), Bogotá 110-23, DC, Colombia;
| | - Balkys E. Quevedo-Hidalgo
- Grupo de Biotecnología Ambiental e Industrial (GBAI), Laboratorio de Biotecnología Aplicada, Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana (PUJ), Bogotá 110-23, DC, Colombia;
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8
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Wiśniewska KM, Twarda-Clapa A, Białkowska AM. Screening of Novel Laccase Producers-Isolation and Characterization of Cold-Adapted Laccase from Kabatiella bupleuri G3 Capable of Synthetic Dye Decolorization. Biomolecules 2021; 11:828. [PMID: 34199365 PMCID: PMC8229335 DOI: 10.3390/biom11060828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Psychrophilic laccases catalyzing the bond formation in mild, environmentally friendly conditions are one of the biocatalysts at the focus of green chemistry. Screening of 41 cold-adapted strains of yeast and yeast-like fungi revealed a new laccase-producing strain, which was identified as Kabatiella bupleuri G3 IBMiP according to the morphological characteristics and analysis of sequences of the D1/D2 regions of 26S rDNA domain and the ITS1-5,8S-ITS2 region. The extracellular activity of laccase in reaction with 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) at the optimal pH 3.5 was 215 U/L after 15 days of growth in a medium with waste material and 126 U/L after 25 days of cultivation in a defined medium. Copper (II) ions (0.4 mM), Tween 80 (1.0 mM) and ascorbic acid (5.0 mM) increased the production of laccase. The optimum temperature for enzyme operation is in the range of 30-40 °C and retains over 60% of the maximum activity at 10 °C. New laccase shows high thermolability-half-life at 40 °C was only 60 min. Enzyme degradation of synthetic dyes was the highest for crystal violet, i.e., 48.6% after 1-h reaction with ABTS as a mediator. Outcomes of this study present the K. bupleuri laccase as a potential psychrozyme for environmental and industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Aneta M. Białkowska
- Institute of Molecular and Industrial Biotechnology, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 4/10, 90-924 Łódź, Poland; (K.M.W.); (A.T.-C.)
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9
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de Ávila RMD, Toffano L, Fernandes JB, da Silva MFDGF, de Sousa LRF, Vieira PC. Biotransformation of pungent constituents from ginger ( Zingiber officinale Roscoe) by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides yields oxidative ortho– ortho coupling products. BIOCATAL BIOTRANSFOR 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10242422.2021.1878159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Paulo Cezar Vieira
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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10
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Xu KZ, Ma H, Wang YJ, Cai YJ, Liao XR, Guan ZB. Extracellular expression of mutant CotA-laccase SF in Escherichia coli and its degradation of malachite green. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 193:110335. [PMID: 32088549 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, mutant CotA-laccase SF was successfully expressed in Escherichia coli by co-expression with phospholipase C. The optimized extracellular expression of CotA-laccase SF was 1257.22 U/L. Extracellularly expressed CotA-laccase SF exhibits enzymatic properties similar to intracellular CotA-laccase SF. CotA-laccase SF could decolorize malachite green (MG) under neutral and alkaline conditions. The Km and kcat values of CotA-laccase SF to MG were 39.6 mM and 18.36 s-1. LC-MS analysis of degradation products showed that MG was finally transformed into 4-aminobenzophenone and 4-aminophenol by CotA-laccase. The toxicity experiment of garlic root tip cell showed that the toxicity of MG metabolites decreased. In summary, CotA-laccase SF had a good application prospect for degrading malachite green.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Zhong Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, PR China
| | - Hui Ma
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, PR China
| | - Ya-Jing Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, PR China
| | - Yu-Jie Cai
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, PR China
| | - Xiang-Ru Liao
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, PR China
| | - Zheng-Bing Guan
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, PR China.
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11
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Patel N, Shahane S, Shivam, Majumdar R, Mishra U. Mode of Action, Properties, Production, and Application of Laccase: A Review. Recent Pat Biotechnol 2019; 13:19-32. [PMID: 30147019 DOI: 10.2174/1872208312666180821161015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background and Source: Laccase belongs to the blue multi-copper oxidases, which are widely distributed in fungi and higher plants. It is present in Ascomycetes, Deuteromycetes, and Basidiomycetes and found abundantly in white-rot fungi. Applications: Laccase enzymes because of their potential have acquired more importance and application in the area of textile, pulp and paper, and food industry. Recently, it is being used in developing biosensors for detection and removal of toxic pollutants, designing of biofuel cells and medical diagnostics tool. Laccase is also being used as a bioremediation agent as they have been found potent enough in cleaning up herbicides pesticides and certain explosives in soil. Because of having the ability to oxidize phenolic, non-phenolic lignin-related compounds and highly fractious environmental pollutants, laccases have drawn the attention of researchers in the last few decades. Commercially, laccases have been used to determine the difference between codeine and morphine, produce ethanol and are also being employed in de-lignify woody tissues. We have revised patents related to applicability of laccases. We have revised all the patents related to its wide applicability. Conclusion: For fulfillment of these wide applications, one of the major concerns is to develop a system for efficient production of these enzymes at a broad scale. Research in the field of laccases has been accelerated because of its wide diversity, utility, and enzymology. This paper deals with recent trends in implementation of the laccases in all practical possibilities with the help of optimizing various parameters and techniques which are responsible for mass production of the enzyme in industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Patel
- Department of Civil Engineering, NIT Agartala, Agartala-799046, India
| | - Shraddha Shahane
- Department of Civil Engineering, NIT Agartala, Agartala-799046, India
| | - Shivam
- Department of Civil Engineering, NIT Agartala, Agartala-799046, India
| | - Ria Majumdar
- Department of Civil Engineering, NIT Agartala, Agartala-799046, India
| | - Umesh Mishra
- Department of Civil Engineering, NIT Agartala, Agartala-799046, India
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Sharma A, Ahmad J, Flora SJS. Application of advanced oxidation processes and toxicity assessment of transformation products. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2018; 167:223-233. [PMID: 30055452 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 06/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) are the techniques employed for oxidation of various organic contaminants in polluted water with the objective of making it suitable for human consumption like household and drinking purpose. AOPs use potent chemical oxidants to bring down the contaminant level in the water. In addition to this function, these processes are also capable to kills microbes (as disinfectant) and remove odor as well as improve taste of the drinking water. The non-photochemical AOPs methods include generation of hydroxyl radical in absence of light either by ozonation or through Fenton reaction. The photochemical AOPs methods use UV light along with H2O2, O3 and/or Fe+2 to generate reactive hydroxyl radical. Non-photochemical method is the commonly used whereas, photochemical method is used when conventional O3 and H2O2 cannot completely oxidize organic pollutants. However, the choice of AOPs methods is depended upon the type of contaminant to be removed. AOPs cause loss of biological activity of the pollutant present in drinking water without generation of any toxicity. Conventional ozonation and AOPs can inactivate estrogenic compounds, antiviral compounds, antibiotics, and herbicides. However, the study of different AOPs methods for the treatment of drinking water has shown that oxidation of parent compound can also lead to the generation of a degradation/transformation product having biological activity/chemical toxicity similar to or different from the parent compound. Furthermore, an increased toxicity can also occur in AOPs treated drinking water. This review discusses various methods of AOPs, their merits, its application in drinking water treatment, the related issue of the evolution of toxicity in AOPs treated drinking water, biocatalyst, and analytical methods for identification of pollutants /transformed products and provides future directions to address such an issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abha Sharma
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shree Bhawani Paper Mill Road, ITI Compound, Raebareli 229010, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Javed Ahmad
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shree Bhawani Paper Mill Road, ITI Compound, Raebareli 229010, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - S J S Flora
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shree Bhawani Paper Mill Road, ITI Compound, Raebareli 229010, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Ma Y, Li L, Tian H, Lu M, Megharaj M, He W. Transcriptional analysis of the laccase-like gene from Burkholderia cepacia BNS and expression in Escherichia coli. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 103:747-760. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9468-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Mtibaà R, Barriuso J, de Eugenio L, Aranda E, Belbahri L, Nasri M, Martínez MJ, Mechichi T. Purification and characterization of a fungal laccase from the ascomycete Thielavia sp. and its role in the decolorization of a recalcitrant dye. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 120:1744-1751. [PMID: 30268749 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.09.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
A laccase-producing ascomycete was isolated from arid soil in Tunisia. This fungus was identified as Thielavia sp. using the phylogenetic analysis of rDNA internal transcribed spacers. The extracellular laccase produced by the fungus was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity, showing a molecular mass around 70 kDa. The enzyme had an optimum pH of 5.0 and 6.0 for ABTS and 2,6‑DMP, respectively and it showed remarkable high thermal stability, showing its optimal temperature at 70 °C (against 2,6‑DMP). It presented slight inhibiting effect by EDTA, SDS and l‑cyst although this effect was more marked by sodium azide (0.1 mM). On the other hand, it showed tolerance to up to 300 mM NaCl, retaining around 50% of its activity at 900 mM. Among the metal ions tested on TaLac1, Mn2+ showed an activating effect. Their kinetic parameters Km and kcat were 23.7 μM and 4.14 s-1 for ABTS, and 24.3 μM and 3.46 s-1 towards 2,6‑DMP. The purified enzyme displayed greater efficiency in Remazol Brilliant Blue R decolorization (90%) in absence of redox mediator, an important property for biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rim Mtibaà
- Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering and Microbiology, University of Sfax, National School of Engineers of Sfax, BP «1173», 3038 Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Jorge Barriuso
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientίficas, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura de Eugenio
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientίficas, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Elisabet Aranda
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Water Research, University of Granada, Calle Ramón y Cajal 4, E-18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Lasaad Belbahri
- Laboratory of Soil Biology, University of Neuchâtel, Rue Emile Argand 11, CH-2009 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Moncef Nasri
- Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering and Microbiology, University of Sfax, National School of Engineers of Sfax, BP «1173», 3038 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - María Jesùs Martínez
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientίficas, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Tahar Mechichi
- Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering and Microbiology, University of Sfax, National School of Engineers of Sfax, BP «1173», 3038 Sfax, Tunisia
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Du W, Sun C, Wang J, Xie W, Wang B, Liu X, Zhang Y, Fan Y. Conditions and Regulation of Mixed Culture to Promote Shiraia bambusicola and Phoma sp. BZJ6 for Laccase Production. Sci Rep 2017; 7:17801. [PMID: 29259312 PMCID: PMC5736710 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17895-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mixing cultures induces the biosynthesis of laccase in mixed cells, produces signal molecules, and regulates the production of mixed-cell metabolites. The fungal strain, which promotes laccase production, has been isolated and screened from the host bamboos of endophytic fungi and identified as Phoma sp. BZJ6. When the culture medium is mainly composed of soluble starch, yeast extract, and Phoma sp., the laccase output can reach 4,680 U/L. Nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were found to promote the regulation of laccase synthesis. Plasma membrane NAD(P)H oxidase inhibitors and NO-specific quenchers can inhibit not only the accumulation of ROS induced and NO synthesis but also the biosynthesis of laccase. The results indicate that the accumulation of superoxide anion radical (O2-) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) induced by the mixed culture was partially dependent on NO. The mixed culture can also reduce the biomass, increase the synthesis of total phenolics and flavonoids, and enhance the activity of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and chalcone isomerase. This phenomenon is probably the result of the activated phenylpropanoids-flavonoid pathway. Results confirmed that the mixture culture is advantageous for laccase production and revealed that NO, O2-, and H2O2 are necessary signal molecules to induce laccase synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Du
- School of bioengineering, Binzhou University, Binzhou, China.
- Shandong provincial key laboratory of eco-environmental science for Yellow River Delta, Binzhou University, Binzhou, China.
| | - Chunlong Sun
- School of bioengineering, Binzhou University, Binzhou, China.
- Shandong provincial key laboratory of eco-environmental science for Yellow River Delta, Binzhou University, Binzhou, China.
| | - Jun Wang
- School of bioengineering, Binzhou University, Binzhou, China
- Shandong provincial key laboratory of eco-environmental science for Yellow River Delta, Binzhou University, Binzhou, China
| | - Wenjun Xie
- School of bioengineering, Binzhou University, Binzhou, China
- Shandong provincial key laboratory of eco-environmental science for Yellow River Delta, Binzhou University, Binzhou, China
| | - Baoqin Wang
- School of bioengineering, Binzhou University, Binzhou, China
- Shandong provincial key laboratory of eco-environmental science for Yellow River Delta, Binzhou University, Binzhou, China
| | - Xuehong Liu
- School of bioengineering, Binzhou University, Binzhou, China
| | - Yumiao Zhang
- School of bioengineering, Binzhou University, Binzhou, China
- Shandong provincial key laboratory of eco-environmental science for Yellow River Delta, Binzhou University, Binzhou, China
| | - Yanhui Fan
- School of bioengineering, Binzhou University, Binzhou, China
- Shandong provincial key laboratory of eco-environmental science for Yellow River Delta, Binzhou University, Binzhou, China
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Characterization of a thermostable mutant of Agaricus brasiliensis laccase created by phylogeny-based design. J Biosci Bioeng 2017; 124:623-629. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2017.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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17
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Mate DM, Alcalde M. Laccase: a multi-purpose biocatalyst at the forefront of biotechnology. Microb Biotechnol 2017; 10:1457-1467. [PMID: 27696775 PMCID: PMC5658592 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.12422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 291] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Laccases are multicopper containing enzymes capable of performing one electron oxidation of a broad range of substrates. Using molecular oxygen as the final electron acceptor, they release only water as a by-product, and as such, laccases are eco-friendly, versatile biocatalysts that have generated an enormous biotechnological interest. Indeed, this group of enzymes has been used in different industrial fields for very diverse purposes, from food additive and beverage processing to biomedical diagnosis, and as cross-linking agents for furniture construction or in the production of biofuels. Laccases have also been studied intensely in nanobiotechnology for the development of implantable biosensors and biofuel cells. Moreover, their capacity to transform complex xenobiotics makes them useful biocatalysts in enzymatic bioremediation. This review summarizes the most significant recent advances in the use of laccases and their future perspectives in biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana M. Mate
- Department of BiocatalysisInstitute of CatalysisCSICCantoblanco28049MadridSpain
| | - Miguel Alcalde
- Department of BiocatalysisInstitute of CatalysisCSICCantoblanco28049MadridSpain
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Mtibaà R, de Eugenio L, Ghariani B, Louati I, Belbahri L, Nasri M, Mechichi T. A halotolerant laccase from Chaetomium strain isolated from desert soil and its ability for dye decolourization. 3 Biotech 2017; 7:329. [PMID: 28955626 PMCID: PMC5602793 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-017-0973-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel fungal laccase produced by the ascomycete Chaetomium sp. isolated from arid soil was purified and characterized and its ability to remove dyes was determined. Extracellular laccase was purified 15-fold from the crude culture to homogeneity with an overall yield of 50% using ultrafiltration and anion-exchange chromatography. The purified enzyme was found to be a monomeric protein with a molecular mass of 68 kDa, estimated by SDS-PAGE, and with an isoelectric point of 5.5. The optimal temperature and pH value for laccase activity toward 2,6-DMP were 60 °C and 3.0, respectively. It was stable at temperatures below 50 °C and at alkaline conditions. Kinetic study showed that this laccase showed higher affinity on ABTS than on 2,6-DMP. Its activity was enhanced by the presence of several metal ions such as Mg2+, Ca2+ and Zn2+, while it was strongly inhibited by Fe2+, Ag+ and Hg2+. The novel laccase also showed high, remarkable sodium chloride tolerance. Its ability to decolorize different dyes, with or without HBT (1-hydroxy-benzotriazole), as redox mediator, suggests that this protein may be useful for different industrial applications and/or bioremediation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rim Mtibaà
- Present Address: Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering and Microbiology, National School of Engineers of Sfax, University of Sfax, Route de Soukra Km 4.5, BP 1173, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Laura de Eugenio
- Department of Environmental Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Bouthaina Ghariani
- Present Address: Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering and Microbiology, National School of Engineers of Sfax, University of Sfax, Route de Soukra Km 4.5, BP 1173, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Ibtihel Louati
- Present Address: Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering and Microbiology, National School of Engineers of Sfax, University of Sfax, Route de Soukra Km 4.5, BP 1173, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Lasaad Belbahri
- Laboratory of Soil Biology, University of Neuchâtel, Rue Emile Argand 11, 2009 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Moncef Nasri
- Present Address: Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering and Microbiology, National School of Engineers of Sfax, University of Sfax, Route de Soukra Km 4.5, BP 1173, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Tahar Mechichi
- Present Address: Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering and Microbiology, National School of Engineers of Sfax, University of Sfax, Route de Soukra Km 4.5, BP 1173, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia
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Variants of PpuLcc, a multi-dye decolorizing laccase from Pleurotus pulmonarius expressed in Pichia pastoris. Protein Expr Purif 2017; 137:34-42. [PMID: 28651974 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2017.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Revised: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
A laccase of the basidiomycete Pleurotus pulmonarius (PpuLcc) possessed strong decolorizing abilities towards artificial and natural dyes. The PpuLcc was purified from the culture supernatant via FPLC, and the corresponding gene cloned and expressed in Pichia pastoris GS115. To examine the impact of the C-terminal tail region and the signal peptide on the recombinant expression of PpuLcc, a non-modified version or different truncations (-2, -5, -13 AA) of the target protein were combined with different secretion signals. Heterologous expression of codon optimized constructs resulted in extracellular activities of the PpuLcc variants of up to 7000 U L-1 (substrate ABTS) which was six times higher than non-codon optimized constructs. In contrast to previous works, altering the C-terminal end of the protein did not influence kinetic parameters or the rate of expression. The His-Tag purified enzymes showed high temperature optima (50-70 °C) and thermo stability. All of the recombinant variants degraded triarylmethane and azo dyes. Rapid bleaching of β-carotene (E 160a) and the polyene acid norbixin (E 160b) using a laccase was found for the first time. Thus, the enzyme may be useful in decolorizing unwanted polyene pigments, for example from the processing of cheese, bakery, desserts, ice cream or coloured casings.
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