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Rizvi ZF, Jamal M, Parveen H, Sarfraz W, Nasreen S, Khalid N, Muzammil K. Phytoremediation potential of Pistia stratiotes, Eichhornia crassipes, and Typha latifolia for chromium with stimulation of secondary metabolites. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29078. [PMID: 38601583 PMCID: PMC11004193 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Anthropogenic activities have significantly polluted the natural environments all over the world. Leather processing industries release toxic heavy metals through their effluents posing a great threat to the environment. Chromium (Cr) is the major component of tannery effluents. We designed this experiment with the aim to remediate Cr from effluents of tanneries through phytoremediation. We selected three native macrophytes i.e. Pistia stratiotes, Eichhornia crassipes, and Typha latifolia to grow in a set of Constructed Wetland systems (CWs) with a continuous supply of tannery wastewater. T. latifolia was the most efficient phytoremediator of these macrophytes as it reduced the Cr content by 96.7%. The effluent after passing through the CWs containing T. latifolia showed only 0.426 mg/L Cr content. All macrophytes showed an enhanced phytochemical activity such as total antioxidant activity (TAA), total reduction potential (TRP), total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and DPPH radical scavenging activity (DPPH) substantially. The activation of antioxidant mechanism may have contributed towards robust defense system of these plants for survival in excessive Cr contaminated media. Also, these macrophytes showed a positive relationship in reducing Cr content from tannery wastewater. Results of this study could help in effective sustainable management of aquatic environments contaminated with metal pollutants from human activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zarrin Fatima Rizvi
- Department of Botany, Government College Women University, Sialkot, Pakistan
| | - Muqaddas Jamal
- Department of Botany, Government College Women University, Sialkot, Pakistan
| | - Haseena Parveen
- Department of Botany, Government College Women University, Sialkot, Pakistan
| | - Wajiha Sarfraz
- Department of Botany, Government College Women University, Sialkot, Pakistan
| | - Syeda Nasreen
- Ibadat International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Noreen Khalid
- Department of Botany, Government College Women University, Sialkot, Pakistan
| | - Khursheed Muzammil
- Department of Public Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Khamis Mushait Campus, King Khalid University, Abha, 62561, Saudi Arabia
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Ur Rahman S, Qin A, Zain M, Mushtaq Z, Mehmood F, Riaz L, Naveed S, Ansari MJ, Saeed M, Ahmad I, Shehzad M. Pb uptake, accumulation, and translocation in plants: Plant physiological, biochemical, and molecular response: A review. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27724. [PMID: 38500979 PMCID: PMC10945279 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is a highly toxic contaminant that is ubiquitously present in the ecosystem and poses severe environmental issues, including hazards to soil-plant systems. This review focuses on the uptake, accumulation, and translocation of Pb metallic ions and their toxicological effects on plant morpho-physiological and biochemical attributes. We highlight that the uptake of Pb metal is controlled by cation exchange capacity, pH, size of soil particles, root nature, and other physio-chemical limitations. Pb toxicity obstructs seed germination, root/shoot length, plant growth, and final crop-yield. Pb disrupts the nutrient uptake through roots, alters plasma membrane permeability, and disturbs chloroplast ultrastructure that triggers changes in respiration as well as transpiration activities, creates the reactive oxygen species (ROS), and activates some enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants. Pb also impairs photosynthesis, disrupts water balance and mineral nutrients, changes hormonal status, and alters membrane structure and permeability. This review provides consolidated information concentrating on the current studies associated with Pb-induced oxidative stress and toxic conditions in various plants, highlighting the roles of different antioxidants in plants mitigating Pb-stress. Additionally, we discussed detoxification and tolerance responses in plants by regulating different gene expressions, protein, and glutathione metabolisms to resist Pb-induced phytotoxicity. Overall, various approaches to tackle Pb toxicity have been addressed; the phytoremediation techniques and biochar amendments are economical and eco-friendly remedies for improving Pb-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shafeeq Ur Rahman
- Water Science and Environmental Engineering Research Center, College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Anzhen Qin
- Institute of Farmland Irrigation, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Water Use and Regulation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Xinxiang, 453002, China
| | - Muhammad Zain
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Zain Mushtaq
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Faisal Mehmood
- Department of Land and Water Management, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam, 70060, Pakistan
| | - Luqman Riaz
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Kohsar University Murree, 47150, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Sadiq Naveed
- Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, China
| | - Mohammad Javed Ansari
- Department of Botany, Hindu College Moradabad (Mahatma Jyotiba Phule Rohilkhand University Bareilly), 244001, India
| | - Mohd Saeed
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail, P.O. Box 2240, Saudi Arabia
| | - Irfan Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Shehzad
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, Henan, China
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Ilyas MZ, Sa KJ, Ali MW, Lee JK. Toxic effects of lead on plants: integrating multi-omics with bioinformatics to develop Pb-tolerant crops. PLANTA 2023; 259:18. [PMID: 38085368 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-023-04296-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION Lead disrupts plant metabolic homeostasis and key structural elements. Utilizing modern biotechnology tools, it's feasible to develop Pb-tolerant varieties by discovering biological players regulating plant metabolic pathways under stress. Lead (Pb) has been used for a variety of purposes since antiquity despite its toxic nature. After arsenic, lead is the most hazardous heavy metal without any known beneficial role in the biological system. It is a crucial inorganic pollutant that affects plant biochemical and morpho-physiological attributes. Lead toxicity harms plants throughout their life cycle and the extent of damage depends on the concentration and duration of exposure. Higher levels of lead exposure disrupt numerous key metabolic activities of plants including oxygen-evolving complex, organelles integrity, photosystem II connectivity, and electron transport chain. This review summarizes the detrimental effects of lead toxicity on seed germination, crop growth, and yield, oxidative and ultra-structural alterations, as well as nutrient absorption, transport, and assimilation. Further, it discusses the Pb-induced toxic modulation of stomatal conductance, photosynthesis, respiration, metabolic-enzymatic activity, osmolytes accumulation, and antioxidant activity. It is a comprehensive review that reports on omics-based studies along with morpho-physiological and biochemical modifications caused by lead stress. With advances in DNA sequencing technologies, genomics and transcriptomics are gradually becoming popular for studying Pb stress effects in plants. Proteomics and metabolomics are still underrated and there is a scarcity of published data, and this review highlights both their technical and research gaps. Besides, there is also a discussion on how the integration of omics with bioinformatics and the use of the latest biotechnological tools can aid in developing Pb-tolerant crops. The review concludes with core challenges and research directions that need to be addressed soon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Zahaib Ilyas
- Department of Applied Plant Sciences, College of Bio-Resource Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea
| | - Kyu Jin Sa
- Department of Crop Science, College of Ecology & Environmental Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, 37224, Korea
| | - Muhammad Waqas Ali
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
- Department of Crop Genetics, John Innes Center, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Ju Kyong Lee
- Department of Applied Plant Sciences, College of Bio-Resource Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea.
- Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea.
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Talha M, Shani MY, Ashraf MY, De Mastro F, Brunetti G, Khan MKR, Gillani SWUHS, Khan A, Abbas S, Cocozza C. Lead Toxicity-Mediated Growth and Metabolic Alterations at Early Seedling Stages of Maize ( Zea mays L.). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3335. [PMID: 37765499 PMCID: PMC10535917 DOI: 10.3390/plants12183335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the toxic effects of lead (Pb) on key metabolic activities essential for proper germination and seedling growth of maize seeds, experiments were carried out with different levels of Pb (0 to 120 mg of Pb L-1 as PbCl2) applied through growth medium to two maize hybrids H-3310S and H-6724. The research findings indicated that growth and metabolic activities were adversely affected by increased Pb contamination in growth medium; however, a slow increase in these parameters was recorded with increasing time from 0 to 120 h. Protease activity decreased with an increase in the level of Pb contamination but increased with time; consequently, a reduction in seed proteins and an increase in total free amino acids were observed with time. Similarly, α-amylase activity decreased with an increase in Pb concentration in growth medium while it increased with increasing time from 0 to 120 h; consequently, reducing and non-reducing sugars increased with time but decreased with exposure to lead. The roots of both maize hybrids had higher Pb contents than those of the shoot, which decreased the uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. All these nutrients are essential for optimal plant growth; therefore, the reduction in growth and biomass of maize seedlings could be due to Pb toxicity that altered metabolic processes, as sugar and amino acids are necessary for the synthesis of metabolic compounds, rapid cell division, and proper functioning of enzymes in the growing embryo, but all were dramatically reduced due to suppression of protease and α-amylase by toxicity of Pb. In general, hybrid H-3310S performed better in Pb-contaminated growth medium than H-6724.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Talha
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Yousaf Shani
- Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology (NIAB-C), Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nilore, Islamabad 45650, Pakistan
- Plant Breeding and Genetics Division, Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology (NIAB), Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Yasin Ashraf
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Francesco De Mastro
- Department of Soil, Plant, and Food Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Gennaro Brunetti
- Department of Soil, Plant, and Food Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Muhammad Kashif Riaz Khan
- Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology (NIAB-C), Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nilore, Islamabad 45650, Pakistan
- Plant Breeding and Genetics Division, Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology (NIAB), Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Syed Wajih ul Hassan Shah Gillani
- Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology (NIAB-C), Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nilore, Islamabad 45650, Pakistan
- Plant Breeding and Genetics Division, Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology (NIAB), Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Adeel Khan
- Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology (NIAB-C), Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nilore, Islamabad 45650, Pakistan
- Plant Breeding and Genetics Division, Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology (NIAB), Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Abbas
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Claudio Cocozza
- Department of Soil, Plant, and Food Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70126 Bari, Italy
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Jin J, Song Z, Zhao B, Zhang Y, Wang R. Physiological and metabolomics responses of Hydrangea macrophylla (Thunb.) Ser. and Hydrangea strigosa Rehd. to lead exposure. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 243:113960. [PMID: 35985200 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Hydrangea is a potential remediation plant for lead (Pb) pollution. Plant roots communicate with soil through the release of root exudates. It is crucial to study rhizoremediation mechanisms to understand the response of root exudates to contamination stress. Here, we investigated the physiological responses and metabolomic profiling of two Hydrangea species, a horticultural cultivar (Hydrangea macrophylla (Thunb.) Ser.) and a wild type (Hydrangea strigosa Rehd.), under Pb-free and Pb-stressed conditions for 50 days. The results showed that Pb treatment adversely affected the biomass and root growth of the two species. H. strigosa was a Pb-tolerant species with higher superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) activities and more ascorbic acid (AsA) content in roots. Metabolomic profiling showed that 181 and 169 compounds were identified in H. macrophylla and H. strigosa root exudates, respectively, among which 18 showed significant differences between H. macrophylla and H. strigosa under Pb exposure. H. strigosa showed significantly (P < 0.05) higher secretion of sucrose, glycolic acid, and nonanoic acid than H. macrophylla after Pb treatment. Pb stress promoted fatty acid metabolism in H. strigosa, suppressed amino acid metabolism in H. macrophylla, and promoted a higher carbohydrate metabolism in H. strigosa compared with H. macrophylla. This study provides a possible mechanism for the high Pb absorption potential of Hydrangea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Jin
- The College of Landscape Architecture and Arts, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Ziyi Song
- The College of Landscape Architecture and Arts, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Bing Zhao
- The College of Landscape Architecture and Arts, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Yuyu Zhang
- The College of Landscape Architecture and Arts, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Ruirui Wang
- The College of Landscape Architecture and Arts, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
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6
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Álvarez-Robles MJ, Bernal MP, De Brasi-Velasco S, Sevilla F, Clemente R. Response of Phragmites australis to increasing As(V) concentrations: Accumulation and speciation of As, and plant oxidative stress. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 302:134937. [PMID: 35561768 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The use of macrophytes has been proposed recently as a suitable option for the phytostabilization or rhizofiltration of soils or waters contaminated by trace elements. As one of the most representative species of this type of plant, common reed (Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud.) has shown tolerance to high concentrations of potentially hazardous elements, as is the case of arsenic. However, a deeper knowledge of how these plants deal with this toxicity, including their oxidative response, is needed for the optimum utilization of this species in phytoremediation procedures. In fact, little is known about how common reed plants react to As toxicity or the tolerance limits and accumulation potential of this species. In this work, common reed plants were exposed to a range of As(V) mass concentrations (0.5-10 mg L-1) in a hydroponic experiment, and the performance of the plants (growth, photosynthetic pigments, and oxidative stress related parameters) was evaluated and related to the major As species present in the different parts of the plants. The plants did not show any apparent symptom of toxicity and no significant effects were found for any of the different plant parameters analyzed. Arsenic was mostly accumulated as As(III) in the roots of the plants, and almost no translocation to the aerial part of the plants was observed for any of the As species analyzed. Common reed has shown a high capacity for As accumulation in its roots with no signs of toxicity, despite small nutrient imbalances. Thus, it can be considered to be a good candidate for use in the rhizofiltration and phytostabilization of As contaminated waters and soils, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Álvarez-Robles
- Department of Soil and Water Conservation and Organic Waste Management, CEBAS, CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - M P Bernal
- Department of Soil and Water Conservation and Organic Waste Management, CEBAS, CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - S De Brasi-Velasco
- Department of Stress Biology and Plant Pathology, CEBAS, CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - F Sevilla
- Department of Stress Biology and Plant Pathology, CEBAS, CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - R Clemente
- Department of Soil and Water Conservation and Organic Waste Management, CEBAS, CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
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7
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Wang K, He J, Zhao N, Zhao Y, Qi F, Fan F, Wang Y. Effects of melatonin on growth and antioxidant capacity of naked oat ( Avena nuda L) seedlings under lead stress. PeerJ 2022. [DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin (MT) plays an important role in plant response to abiotic stress. In recent years, lead (Pb) pollution has seriously affected the living environment of plants. In this study, we applied two different concentrations of MT to naked oat seedlings under Pb stress to explore the effect of MT on naked oat seedlings under Pb pollution. The results showed that Pb stress seriously inhibited the growth and development of naked oat seedlings, which was alleviated by MT. MT could increase the soluble protein content and decrease the proline content of naked oat seedlings to maintain the osmotic balance of naked oat seedlings. The application of MT could accelerate the removal of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and improve the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT), so as to maintain the redox balance in naked oat seedlings. Exogenous melatonin could significantly increase the chlorophyll content of naked oat seedlings under Pb treatment, so as to improve the photosynthesis efficiency of naked oat seedlings. MT could also remarkably up regulate the expression of the genes of LOX, POX and Asmap1, and affect the expression of transcription factors NAC and WRKY1. It might regulate the expression of downstream genes through MAPKs pathways and TFs to improve the Pb tolerance of naked oat seedlings. These results proved that MT could significantly promote the growth and development of naked oats seedlings under Pb stress, which is expected to be applied in agricultural production practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xian, China
| | - Jinjin He
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xian, China
| | - Ningbo Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xian, China
| | - Yajing Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xian, China
| | - Fangbing Qi
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xian, China
| | - Fenggui Fan
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xian, China
| | - Yingjuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xian, China
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Genotoxicity and Cytotoxicity Induced in Zygophyllum fabago by Low Pb Doses Depends on the Population’s Redox Plasticity. HORTICULTURAE 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae7110455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) soil contamination remains a major ecological challenge. Zygophyllum fabago is a candidate for the Pb phytostabilisation of mining tailings; nevertheless, the cytogenotoxic effects of low doses of Pb on this species are still unknown. Therefore, Z. fabago seeds collected from non-mining (NM) and mining (M) areas were exposed to 0, 5 and 20 µM Pb for four weeks, after which seedling growth, Pb cytogenotoxic effects and redox status were analyzed. The data revealed that Pb did not affect seedling growth in M populations, in contrast to the NM population. Cell cycle progression delay/arrest was detected in both NM and M seedlings, mostly in the roots. DNA damage (DNAd) was induced by Pb, particularly in NM seedlings. In contrast, M populations, which showed a higher Pb content, exhibited lower levels of DNAd and protein oxidation, together with higher levels of antioxidants. Upon Pb exposure, reduced glutathione (GSH) and non-protein thiols were upregulated in shoots and were unaffected/decreased in roots from the NM population, whereas M populations maintained higher levels of flavanols and hydroxycinnamic acids in shoots and triggered GSH in roots and shoots. These differential organ-specific mechanisms seem to be a competitive strategy that allows M populations to overcome Pb toxicity, contrarily to NM, thus stressing the importance of seed provenance in phytostabilisation programs.
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Mariz-Ponte N, Dias CM, Silva AMS, Santos C, Silva S. Low levels of TiO 2-nanoparticles interact antagonistically with Al and Pb alleviating their toxicity. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 167:1-10. [PMID: 34315106 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The contamination and bioavailability of deleterious metals in arable soils significantly limits crop development and yield. Aiming at mitigating Pb- and Al-induced phytotoxicity, this work explores the use of P25 titanium dioxide nanoparticles (nTiO2) in soil amendments. For that, Lactuca sativa L. plants were germinated and grown in the presence of 10 ppm Pb or 50 ppm Al, combined or not with 5 ppm nTiO2. Growth parameters, as well as endpoints of the redox state [cell relative membrane permeability (RMP), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances content, total phenolic content and photosynthesis (sugars and pigments levels, chlorophyll a fluorescence and gas exchange), were evaluated. Concerning Al, nTiO2 treatment alleviated the impairments induced in germination rate, seedling length, water content, RMP, stomatal conductance (gs), intercellular CO2 (Ci), and net CO2 assimilation rate (PN). It increased anthocyanins contents and effective efficiency of photosystem II (ΦPSII). In Pb-exposed plants, nTiO2 amendment mitigated the effects in RMP, PN, gs, and Ci. It also increased the pigment contents and the transpiration rate (E) comparatively to the control without nTiO2. These results clearly highlight the high potential of low doses of nTiO2 in alleviating metal phytotoxicity, particularly the one of Pb. Additionally, further research should explore the use of these nanoparticles in agricultural soil amendments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuno Mariz-Ponte
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, LAQV-REQUIMTE, University of Porto, Rua Do Campo Alegre, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Celeste M Dias
- Department of Life Sciences & CFE, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Artur M S Silva
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Conceição Santos
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, LAQV-REQUIMTE, University of Porto, Rua Do Campo Alegre, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Sónia Silva
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
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10
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Dong Y, Gao M, Qiu W, Song Z. Uptake of microplastics by carrots in presence of As (III): Combined toxic effects. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 411:125055. [PMID: 33482507 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Current research on the migration of microplastics into plants is in its most important phase; however, there is no such research on root vegetables, even though the edible parts of root vegetables are in direct contact with microplastics. Considering arsenic (As)-containing groundwater used in hydroponics and the degradation of plastic materials in hydroponic facilities, we investigated the impacts of As and polystyrene (PS) microplastics on carrot growth. We found that PS microplastics sized 1 µm can enter carrot roots and accumulate in the intercellular layer but are unable to enter the cells; those sized 0.2 µm can migrate to the leaves. Larger microplastics can enter the roots (PS particles sized 1219.7 nm) and leaves (607.2 nm) in presence of As (III). Gaussian analysis shows that As increases the negatively charged area of PS and causes a greater amount of microplastics to enter the carrot. As also causes cell walls to distort and deform, allowing PS particles (< 200 nm) to enter the cells. PS and 4 mg L-1 As can induce oxidative bursts in carrot tissue, reducing the carrot quality. Moreover, As exacerbates the effect of PS on carrots. Molecular docking results show that the presence of PS in carrots destroys the tertiary structure of pectin methyl esterase and causes carrots to lose their crispness. These findings indicate that plastic material in hydroponic facilities can be leached to crops. Microplastics produced by the degradation of such materials not only reduce the nutritional value of carrots, leading to economic losses, but also pose potential risks to human health. The presence of As in the hydroponic solution results in more PS entering the carrot tissue and even the cells, bringing greater health threats for the consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youming Dong
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Minling Gao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Weiwen Qiu
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Private Bag 4704, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand
| | - Zhengguo Song
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China.
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11
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Dong Y, Song Z, Liu Y, Gao M. Polystyrene particles combined with di-butyl phthalate cause significant decrease in photosynthesis and red lettuce quality. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 278:116871. [PMID: 33714058 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics, an emerging pollutant in the environment, have attracted extensive attention in recent years for their possible negative impact on organisms. However, direct and indirect effects of polystyrene (PS) microplastics on vegetables are still not completely known. In this study, we used red lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. Red Sails) in a hydroponic system to investigate the effects of nano- and micro-sized PS and dibutyl phthalate (DBP) on the photosynthesis and red lettuce quality. The results clearly indicated that PS reduced the bioavailability of DBP while causing a decrease in the photosynthetic parameters as well as the total chorophyll content compared to DBP alone by affecting the crystalline structure of the water-soluble chlorophyll protein. Compared with DBP monotherapy, the presence of PS significantly increased hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde content in the lettuce treated with DBP, indicating serious oxidative damage. Furthermore, the soluble protein and sugar content in lettuce leaves decreased with higher PS concentration and smaller PS size. It may be due to PS inhibited lettuce root and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase activities. In contrast, nitrite content increased significantly with the induction of the glutathione-ascorbic acid cycle, indicating that the presence of PS reduced the quality of DBP-treated-red lettuce. Additionally, the nano-sized PS greatly inhibited lettuce growth and quality more than the micro-sized PS. This study described the interactions between microplastics and phthalates using molecular simulation and experimental validation to highlight the potential risks of microplastics on vegetable crop production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youming Dong
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, 300191, China
| | - Zhengguo Song
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Shantou University, No. 243 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong Province, 515063, China
| | - Yu Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, No. 399 Binshui West Road, Xiqing District, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Minling Gao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Shantou University, No. 243 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong Province, 515063, China.
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12
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Salazar MJ, Wannaz ED, Blanco A, Miranda Pazcel EM, Pignata ML. Pb tolerance and accumulation capabilities of Bidens pilosa L. growing in polluted soils depend on the history of exposure. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 269:128732. [PMID: 33143889 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Phytoremediation, especially phytoextraction, is a good alternative for remediation of soils contaminated with heavy metals. This method requires selection of species for their tolerance, high accumulation levels in harvestable parts, and high biomass production. Bidens pilosa L. has been reported as tolerant to and potentially hyperaccumulator of several heavy metals, including Pb, but with variable results in terms of effectiveness. The aim of this study was to analyse the intra- and interpopulation variability of B. pilosa in response to Pb in individuals from two populations: one historically exposed to Pb and another with no history of exposure. Bidens pilosa L. presented tolerance to Pb pollution in soil, evidenced in a higher survival rate, a better antioxidant response, and an efficient reduction in cell membrane damage mainly due to history of exposure. The period of exposure (30 years) was not long enough to obtain a B. pilosa population that provides seeds for phytoextraction projects, since the average value of total extraction was relatively low. Collecting seeds from a historically exposed population will provide some suitable individuals with Pb accumulation and translocation capabilities, but not a sufficient amount to conduct a large phytoremediation project. The individual accumulator profile of B. pilosa is not related to the physiological behaviour or to the Pb entry into the vascular bundle in root, but to the incorporation of other heavy metals that are micronutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- María J Salazar
- Multidisciplinary Institute of Plant Biology, Pollution and Bioindicator Section, Faculty of Physical and Natural Sciences, National University of Córdoba, Av. Vélez Sársfield 1611, X5016CGA Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - Eduardo D Wannaz
- Multidisciplinary Institute of Plant Biology, Pollution and Bioindicator Section, Faculty of Physical and Natural Sciences, National University of Córdoba, Av. Vélez Sársfield 1611, X5016CGA Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Andrés Blanco
- Multidisciplinary Institute of Plant Biology, Pollution and Bioindicator Section, Faculty of Physical and Natural Sciences, National University of Córdoba, Av. Vélez Sársfield 1611, X5016CGA Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Eliana M Miranda Pazcel
- Multidisciplinary Institute of Plant Biology, Pollution and Bioindicator Section, Faculty of Physical and Natural Sciences, National University of Córdoba, Av. Vélez Sársfield 1611, X5016CGA Córdoba, Argentina
| | - María L Pignata
- Multidisciplinary Institute of Plant Biology, Pollution and Bioindicator Section, Faculty of Physical and Natural Sciences, National University of Córdoba, Av. Vélez Sársfield 1611, X5016CGA Córdoba, Argentina
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13
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Kiran BR, Prasad MNV. Assisted phytostabilization of Pb-spiked soils amended with charcoal and banana compost and vegetated with Ricinus communis L. (Castor bean). ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2021; 43:1507-1521. [PMID: 33501591 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-021-00825-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A greenhouse experiment was performed to elucidate the potency of Prosopis juliflora charcoal (PJC) and banana waste compost (BWC) to improve soil fertility and enhance plant growth rate. Plantlets of Ricinus communis were grown in 0, 400, and 800 mg kg-1 Pb-spiked soil ameliorated with P. juliflora charcoal and banana waste compost at 0, 5%, and 10% (w/w) for 60 days. PJC and BWC significantly (p < 0.05) increased plant growth parameters, that is, number of leaves, node number, plant height, and leaf diameter and reduced oxidative stress manifested by the lesser production of proline, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and malondialdehyde (MDA) with respect to control plants. Soil usage of PJC at 10% decreased the Pb accumulation by 61%, whereas BWC decreased Pb concentration in roots by 56% concerning control. Field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) showed high macro and microspores on the surface of charcoal while banana compost showed significant raise in the nutrient content (N, P, K, Zn, Ca, Fe, and Mg). Thermogravimetric (TG) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis of banana compost showed enhanced molar convolution of carbohydrate composites and nitrogen content. These findings pave a clear understanding that PJC and BWC are recalcitrant for Pb phytotoxicity and can also be used as nutrient-rich composites for increased crop production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boda Ravi Kiran
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500 046, India.
| | - M N V Prasad
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500 046, India
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14
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Menhas S, Hayat K, Niazi NK, Zhou P, Bundschuh J, Naeem M, Munis MFH, Yang X, Chaudhary HJ. Microbe-EDTA mediated approach in the phytoremediation of lead-contaminated soils using maize ( Zea mays L.) plants. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2020; 23:585-596. [PMID: 33166474 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2020.1842997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In the current study, we investigated the potential of Cronobacter sakazakii- ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) assisted phytoremediation potential of Zea mays L. to remediate lead (Pb)-contaminated soils. The C. sakazakii exhibited various stress tolerance mechanisms via plant growth promoting (PGP) traits, intrinsic extracellular enzyme production and antibiotic resistance. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to examine the dual effects of plant growth promoting endophytic bacteria (PGPEB)-chelator synergy in maize plants under different Pb contaminated soil regimes. C. sakazaii-EDTA (5 mM EDTA kg-1) complex significantly (p < 0.05) enhanced plant growth and biomass (48.91%); chlorophyll a, b and carotenoid contents (27.26%, 25.02% and 42.09%); relative water content (61.33%); proline content (63.60%); root and shoot Pb accumulation capacity (52.31% and 44.71%) in Pb contaminated soils. This may suggest the efficacy of current approach in enhancing plant tolerance capability toward Pb-uptake and phytoremediation capacity. Moreover, maize plants showed differential response to Pb availability in soil-1 (S1; Pb spiked soil, 500 mg kg-1) and soil-2 (S2; aged-contaminated soil) under various treatments. We describe the intriguing role of C. sakazakii-EDTA-maize system for Pb decontamination which can be used as a base line to explore the proposed combinatorial approach for long-term trails under field conditions for reclamation of Pb-contaminated soils.HighlightsThe PGPEB-EDTA mediated potential of Z. mays against Pb spiked and industrial contaminated soils is noticed.Increased tolerance of Z. mays against Pb in association with C. sakazakii, and EDTA is reported first time.Enhanced accumulation of metals by Z. mays is reported under combined treatment of C. sakazakii, and EDTA.Inoculation of plants with C. sakazakii, and EDTA has positive effects on growth and accumulation of Pb by Z. mays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saiqa Menhas
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
- Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Kashif Hayat
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
- Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Nabeel Khan Niazi
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- School of Civil Engineering and Surveying, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Australia
| | - Pei Zhou
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Jochen Bundschuh
- School of Civil Engineering and Surveying, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Australia
- UNESCO Chair on Groundwater Arsenic within the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and Faculty of Health, Engineering and Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Australia
| | - Muhammad Naeem
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | | | - Xijia Yang
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Hassan Javed Chaudhary
- Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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15
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Fatemi H, Esmaiel Pour B, Rizwan M. Isolation and characterization of lead (Pb) resistant microbes and their combined use with silicon nanoparticles improved the growth, photosynthesis and antioxidant capacity of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) under Pb stress. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 266:114982. [PMID: 32650299 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Rapid global industrialization has increased the chances of toxic trace element accumulation in plants and other living things via the food chain. Thus, there is an urgent need to find suitable techniques with the aim to alleviate the stress of toxic trace elements in crops to feed the ever-increasing population with quality food. This research was based on the hypothesis that the growth traits of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) plants can be improved by the combined application of lead (Pb) resistant microbes and silicon nanoparticles (Si-NPs) under Pb stress. Two Pb-resistant strains of the microbes were isolated under different Pb concentrations, and then these strains were characterized for different traits. The strains were inoculated in the Pb-spiked (500 mg/kg) soil, and Si-NPs (1.5 mM) were foliar sprayed at different time (three times, two-week interval). The growth and stress tolerance of the plant were assessed by measuring the morphological traits, chlorophyll contents, proline, electrolyte leakage, and enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant activities of the leaves. Results demonstrated that Pb stress had significant negative impacts on all the traits of the coriander. Si-NPs application or bacterial inoculation reversed the Pb-induced toxicities in plants, which was indicated by the improved growth, photosynthesis, and antioxidant enzyme activities of the plants under Pb stress. The effect of the combined use of Si-NPs and microbes was more pronounced than the treatments alone. It can be concluded that Pb-resistant microorganism and Si-NPs could effectively be used to alleviate Pb stress in coriander.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamideh Fatemi
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
| | - Behrooz Esmaiel Pour
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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16
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López-Orenes A, Alba JM, Kant MR, Calderón AA, Ferrer MA. OPDA and ABA accumulation in Pb-stressed Zygophyllum fabago can be primed by salicylic acid and coincides with organ-specific differences in accumulation of phenolics. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 154:612-621. [PMID: 32912492 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Salicylic acid (SA) is a well-known priming agent that is widely used to protect plants against stressing agents, including heavy metals as Pb. A better understanding of the mechanisms that enable plants to counteract Pb toxicity would help to select strategies for land reclamation programs. Here we used a metallicolous population of Zygophyllum fabago to assess the extent to which SA pretreatment modulates Pb-induced changes in phenol metabolism and stress-related phytohormone levels in roots and leaves. Our data revealed that accumulation of different phytohormones, lignin, soluble and wall-bound phenolics as well as peroxidase (PRX) activity in Pb-stressed plants differed after SA-pretreatment. Exposure to Pb led to the induction of soluble and cell wall-bound PRX activities, particularly those involved in the oxidation of coniferyl alcohol and ferulic acid, while pretreatment with SA reduced the Pb-induced stimulation of PRX activities in roots but increased them in leaves. SA-treatment by itself induced accumulation of ABA and the JA-precursor 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA) in the roots. Pb in turn inhibited these SA-induced effects with the exception of OPDA accumulation that was primed by the pretreatment. The SA treatment also induced accumulation of OPDA in leaves but suppressed the accumulation of JA-Ile although with relatively small absolute changes. Notably, Pb-induced accumulation of ABA was primed in the leaves of SA-pretreated plants. Together our data suggest that priming of OPDA accumulation in the roots and of ABA in the leaves by SA-pretreatment may play important regulatory roles, possibly via regulating PRX activities, for Pb stress in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio López-Orenes
- Departamento de Ingeniería Agronómica, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Paseo Alfonso XIII 48, 30203, Cartagena, Murcia, Spain; Department of Evolutionary & Population Biology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Juan M Alba
- Department of Evolutionary & Population Biology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Merijn R Kant
- Department of Evolutionary & Population Biology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Antonio A Calderón
- Departamento de Ingeniería Agronómica, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Paseo Alfonso XIII 48, 30203, Cartagena, Murcia, Spain
| | - María A Ferrer
- Departamento de Ingeniería Agronómica, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Paseo Alfonso XIII 48, 30203, Cartagena, Murcia, Spain.
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17
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Jiang M, Cai X, Liao J, Yang Y, Chen Q, Gao S, Yu X, Luo Z, Lei T, Lv B, Liu S. Different strategies for lead detoxification in dwarf bamboo tissues. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 193:110329. [PMID: 32088553 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Dwarf bamboo Sasa argenteostriata (Regel) E.G. Camus is considered as potential plants for metal phytoremediation in previous filed observations. However, the mechanisms of lead (Pb) detoxification has not been described. The objective of this study was to explore the difference strategies or mechanisms of Pb detoxification in plant tissues. In this regard, four Pb treatments with hydroponics including 0 (control), 300, 600, and 900 mg L-1 were conducted to examine subcellular compartmentalization, Pb accumulation/species and antioxidant-assisted chelation. Our findings showed the retention of Pb by the whip-root system is one of its detoxification mechanisms to avoid damage the shoots. In addition, the cell wall retention is the dominant detoxification strategy of whips, new roots, old roots and new/old stems, while vacuolar compartmentalization is for new/old leaves. Interestingly, four low-mobility/-toxicity Pb species (i.e., FNaCl, FHAc, FHCl and FR) are distributed in roots, whips and stems, while two high-mobility/-toxicity Pb species (FE and FW) in leaves. The conversion of Pb to low-toxicity/-migration is a Pb-detoxification strategy in roots, whips and stems but not in leaves. Besides, the new/old roots and leaves can alleviate Pb damage through the synthesis of non-protein thiol, glutathione and phytochelatins. Among these, phytochelatins play a leading role in the detoxification in new/old roots, while glutathione is in new/old leaves. This study provides the first comprehensive evidence regarding the different strategies for Pb detoxification in dwarf bamboo tissues from physiological to cellular level, supporting that this plant could be rehabilitated for phytoremediation in Pb-contaminated media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyan Jiang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.
| | - Xinyi Cai
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.
| | - Jiarong Liao
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.
| | - Yixiong Yang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.
| | - Qibing Chen
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.
| | - Suping Gao
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.
| | - Xiaofang Yu
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.
| | - Zhenghua Luo
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.
| | - Ting Lei
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.
| | - Bingyang Lv
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.
| | - Shiliang Liu
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.
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18
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Silva S, Ferreira de Oliveira JMP, Dias MC, Silva AMS, Santos C. Antioxidant mechanisms to counteract TiO 2-nanoparticles toxicity in wheat leaves and roots are organ dependent. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 380:120889. [PMID: 31325695 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.120889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NP) bioactivity is under deep scrutiny. In this work, the antioxidant response to TiO2-NP in wheat (Triticum aestivum) was determined. For that, enzymatic and the non-enzymatic antioxidants were evaluated in plants exposed to the P25 anatase:rutile material composed of TiO2-NP and under environmentally realistic doses (0; 5; 50; 150 mg/L for 20 days). Shoot but not root growth was reduced. In leaves, thiol metabolism and ascorbate accumulation were the preferred route whereas in roots the pre-existing antioxidant capacity was preferentially utilized. Both leaves and roots showed increased glutathione reductase and dehydroascorbate reductase activities and decreased ascorbate peroxidase activity. Roots, nevertheless, presented higher enzymatic basal levels than leaves. On the other hand, when examining non-enzymatic antioxidants, the ratio of reduced-to-oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG) increased in leaves and decreased in roots. Exposed leaves also presented higher total ascorbate accumulation compared to roots. TiO2-NP exposure down regulated, with more prominence in roots, antioxidant enzyme genes encoding catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, monodehydroascorbate reductase and dehydroascorbate reductase. In leaves, superoxide dismutase gene expression was increased. All data pinpoint to TiO2-NP toxicity above 5 mg/L, with aerial parts being more susceptible, which draws concerns on the safety doses for the use of these NPs in agricultural practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sónia Silva
- Department of Chemistry, QOPNA & LAQV-REQUIMTE, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal; CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - José Miguel P Ferreira de Oliveira
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Celeste Dias
- Department of Chemistry, QOPNA & LAQV-REQUIMTE, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal; Department of Life Sciences & CFE, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Artur M S Silva
- Department of Chemistry, QOPNA & LAQV-REQUIMTE, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Conceição Santos
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, LAQV-REQUIMTE, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
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19
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Zulqurnain Haider M, Hussain S, Muhammad Adnan Ramzani P, Iqbal M, Iqbal M, Shahzad T, Fatima M, Ali Khan S, Khan I, Shahid M, Ibrahim M, Tanzeem Ull Haq HS, Mahmood F. Bentonite and Biochar Mitigate Pb Toxicity in Pisum sativum by Reducing Plant Oxidative Stress and Pb Translocation. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019. [PMID: 31817397 DOI: 10.3390/plants812057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb)-polluted soils pose a serious threat to human health, particularly by transmitting this heavy metal to the food chain via the crops grown on them. The application of novel amendments in Pb-polluted soils can significantly reduce this problem. In this research, we report the effects of various organic and inorganic amendments i.e., bentonite (BN), biochar (BR), lignin (LN), magnesium potassium phosphate cement (CM) and iron hydroxyl phosphate (FeHP), on the Pb bioavailability in Pb-polluted soil, upon Pb distribution in shoots, roots, grain, the translocation factor (TF) and the bioconcentration factor (BCF) of Pb in pea (Pisum sativum L.) grain. Furthermore, effects of the said amendments on the plant parameters, as well as grain biochemistry and nutritional quality, were also assessed. Lead pollution significantly elevated Pb concentrations in roots, shoots and grain, as well as the grain TF and BCF of Pb, while reducing the nutritional quality and biochemistry of grain, plant height, relative water content (RWC), chlorophyll contents (chl a and chl b) and the dry weight (DW) of shoot, root and grain. The lowest Pb distribution in shoots, roots and grain were found with BN, FeHP and CM, compared to our control. Likewise, the BN, FeHP and CM significantly lowered the TF and BCF values of Pb in the order FeHP > CM > BN. Similarly, the highest increase in plant height, shoot, root and grain DW, RWC, chl a and chl b contents, grain biochemistry and the micronutrient concentrations, were recorded with BR amendment. Biochar also reduced grain polyphenols as well as plant oxidative stress. Given that the BR and BN amendments gave the best results, we propose to explore their potential synergistic effect to reduce Pb toxicity by using them together in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sabir Hussain
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | | | - Mutahar Iqbal
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Iqbal
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Tanvir Shahzad
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Maryam Fatima
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Shahbaz Ali Khan
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Imran Khan
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ibrahim
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Syed Tanzeem Ull Haq
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Faisal Mahmood
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
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20
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Zulqurnain Haider M, Hussain S, Muhammad Adnan Ramzani P, Iqbal M, Iqbal M, Shahzad T, Fatima M, Ali Khan S, Khan I, Shahid M, Ibrahim M, Tanzeem Ull Haq HS, Mahmood F. Bentonite and Biochar Mitigate Pb Toxicity in Pisum sativum by Reducing Plant Oxidative Stress and Pb Translocation. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 8:E571. [PMID: 31817397 PMCID: PMC6963978 DOI: 10.3390/plants8120571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb)-polluted soils pose a serious threat to human health, particularly by transmitting this heavy metal to the food chain via the crops grown on them. The application of novel amendments in Pb-polluted soils can significantly reduce this problem. In this research, we report the effects of various organic and inorganic amendments i.e., bentonite (BN), biochar (BR), lignin (LN), magnesium potassium phosphate cement (CM) and iron hydroxyl phosphate (FeHP), on the Pb bioavailability in Pb-polluted soil, upon Pb distribution in shoots, roots, grain, the translocation factor (TF) and the bioconcentration factor (BCF) of Pb in pea (Pisum sativum L.) grain. Furthermore, effects of the said amendments on the plant parameters, as well as grain biochemistry and nutritional quality, were also assessed. Lead pollution significantly elevated Pb concentrations in roots, shoots and grain, as well as the grain TF and BCF of Pb, while reducing the nutritional quality and biochemistry of grain, plant height, relative water content (RWC), chlorophyll contents (chl a and chl b) and the dry weight (DW) of shoot, root and grain. The lowest Pb distribution in shoots, roots and grain were found with BN, FeHP and CM, compared to our control. Likewise, the BN, FeHP and CM significantly lowered the TF and BCF values of Pb in the order FeHP > CM > BN. Similarly, the highest increase in plant height, shoot, root and grain DW, RWC, chl a and chl b contents, grain biochemistry and the micronutrient concentrations, were recorded with BR amendment. Biochar also reduced grain polyphenols as well as plant oxidative stress. Given that the BR and BN amendments gave the best results, we propose to explore their potential synergistic effect to reduce Pb toxicity by using them together in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sabir Hussain
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (S.H.); (M.I.); (M.I.); (T.S.); (M.F.); (S.A.K.); (M.I.); (H.S.T.U.H.)
| | - Pia Muhammad Adnan Ramzani
- Cholistan Institute of Desert Studies, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan;
| | - Mutahar Iqbal
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (S.H.); (M.I.); (M.I.); (T.S.); (M.F.); (S.A.K.); (M.I.); (H.S.T.U.H.)
| | - Muhammad Iqbal
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (S.H.); (M.I.); (M.I.); (T.S.); (M.F.); (S.A.K.); (M.I.); (H.S.T.U.H.)
| | - Tanvir Shahzad
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (S.H.); (M.I.); (M.I.); (T.S.); (M.F.); (S.A.K.); (M.I.); (H.S.T.U.H.)
| | - Maryam Fatima
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (S.H.); (M.I.); (M.I.); (T.S.); (M.F.); (S.A.K.); (M.I.); (H.S.T.U.H.)
| | - Shahbaz Ali Khan
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (S.H.); (M.I.); (M.I.); (T.S.); (M.F.); (S.A.K.); (M.I.); (H.S.T.U.H.)
| | - Imran Khan
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan;
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan;
| | - Muhammad Ibrahim
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (S.H.); (M.I.); (M.I.); (T.S.); (M.F.); (S.A.K.); (M.I.); (H.S.T.U.H.)
| | - Hafiz Syed Tanzeem Ull Haq
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (S.H.); (M.I.); (M.I.); (T.S.); (M.F.); (S.A.K.); (M.I.); (H.S.T.U.H.)
| | - Faisal Mahmood
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (S.H.); (M.I.); (M.I.); (T.S.); (M.F.); (S.A.K.); (M.I.); (H.S.T.U.H.)
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Arif MS, Yasmeen T, Shahzad SM, Riaz M, Rizwan M, Iqbal S, Asif M, Soliman MH, Ali S. Lead toxicity induced phytotoxic effects on mung bean can be relegated by lead tolerant Bacillus subtilis (PbRB3). CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 234:70-80. [PMID: 31203043 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Being a primary toxic heavy metal, lead (Pb) contamination presents an imposing environmental and public health concern worldwide. A Bacillus subtilis PbRB3, displaying higher Pb tolerance, was isolated from the textile effluent. The bacterial culture was able to remove >80% of Pb from culture solution. Upon screening in the presence of Pb, PbRB3 strain exhibited significant plant growth promoting potential. A 3 weeks long pot experiment was established to examine the capability of PbRB3 strain for physiological and biochemical traits, and Pb accumulation tendency of mung bean at 250 and 500 mg kg-1 of Pb toxicity, respectively. With respect to control treatments, photosynthetic pigments, protein synthesis, net assimilation rate, transpiration rate and stomatal conductance were significantly constrained by Pb toxicity levels. Intrinsic and instantaneous water use efficiencies were considerably improved in inoculated plants under Pb toxicity. Compared to inoculated control, significantly higher superoxide dismutase activity in both Pb toxicity treatments, while higher malondialdehyde contents only at Pb500 treatment was recorded with PbRB3 inoculation. Catalase activity between Pb250 and Pb500 treatments was comparable at both inoculation level. Moreover, PbRB3 inoculation led to significantly higher peroxidase activity under Pb toxicity treatments compared to inoculated control. The PbRB3 inoculation led to comparable differences in root Pb content between Pb250 and Pb500 treatments. These results suggest that inoculation of Pb tolerant, Bacillus subtilis PbRB3, could be employed to improve mung bean growth potential and adaptation against Pb toxicity, and thereby accelerated Pb rhizoaccumulation from metal contaminated environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Saleem Arif
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Tahira Yasmeen
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Sher Muhammad Shahzad
- Department of Soil & Environmental Sciences, University College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Iqbal
- Key Laboratory for Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Centre for Mountain Futures CMF, East and Central Asia Regional Office, World Agroforestry Centre ICRAF, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, CN, 650201, China
| | - Muntaha Asif
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Mona H Soliman
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Al-Sharm, Yanbu El-Bahr, 46429, Saudi Arabia; Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, 12613, Giza, Egypt
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
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Rodriguez E, Sousa M, Gomes A, Azevedo R, Mariz-Ponte N, Sario S, Mendes RJ, Santos C. Genotoxic endpoints in a Pb-accumulating pea cultivar: insights into Pb 2+ contamination limits. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:32368-32373. [PMID: 31605360 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06465-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) persists among the most hazardous contaminant metals. Pb-induced genotoxic effects remain a matter of debate as they are a major cause of plant growth impairment, but assessing Pb genotoxicity requires the selection of Pb-sensitive genotoxic biomarkers. Seedlings of the ecotoxicological model species Pisum sativum L. were exposed to Pb2+ (≤ 2000 mg L-1). Flow cytometry (FCM) revealed that 28 days after, Pb2+ arrested root cell cycle at G2 but no eu/aneuploidies were found. Comet assay and FCM-clastogenicity assays showed that Pb2+ increased DNA breaks in roots at concentrations as low as 20 mg L-1. Leaves showed no variation in DNA-ploidy or cell cycle progression but had increased DNA breaks at the highest Pb2+ dose. We conclude that both Comet assay and the full-peak coefficient of variation (FPCV) were the most relevant endpoints of Pb-phytogenotoxicity. Also, the Pb-induced DNA breaks may be related with the arrest at the G2-checkpoint. Data will be relevant to better define Pb2+ ecogenotoxicological effects and their measuring tools and may contribute to a regulatory debate of this pollutant limits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleazar Rodriguez
- LBC, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Márcia Sousa
- Department of Biology and LAQV/REQUIMTE, Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 1021/1055, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - Anicia Gomes
- Department of Biology and LAQV/REQUIMTE, Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 1021/1055, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - Raquel Azevedo
- LBC, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Nuno Mariz-Ponte
- Department of Biology and LAQV/REQUIMTE, Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 1021/1055, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sara Sario
- Department of Biology and LAQV/REQUIMTE, Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 1021/1055, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
- CITAB-Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5001-801, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Rafael José Mendes
- Department of Biology and LAQV/REQUIMTE, Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 1021/1055, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal.
- CITAB-Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5001-801, Vila Real, Portugal.
| | - Conceição Santos
- Department of Biology and LAQV/REQUIMTE, Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 1021/1055, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
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23
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Defense manifestations of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants in Ricinus communis L. exposed to lead in hydroponics. EUROBIOTECH JOURNAL 2019. [DOI: 10.2478/ebtj-2019-0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is a major inorganic pollutant with no biological significance and has been a global concern. Phytotoxicity of lead induces toxic effects by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS), which inhibits most of the cellular processes in plants. Hydro-ponic experiments were performed with Ricinus communis to investigate the toxicity and antioxidant responses by exposing to different concentrations of lead (0, 200 and 400 µM) for 10 days. Pb stress caused a significant increase in electrolyte leakage, non-enzymatic antioxidants (phenols and flavonoids) and a decrease in the elemental profile of the plant. Histochemical visualization clearly indicates the significant increase of H2O2 production in dose-dependent manner under Pb stress. Likewise, an increase in catalase, guaiacol peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activity was also evident. Ascorbate peroxidase and MDAR, on the other hand, responded biphasically to Pb treatments showing a decrease in concentration. The decline in redox ratio GSH/GSSG was imposed by the indirect oxidative stress of Pb. Hence these findings showed the ameliorative potential of R. communis to sustain Pb toxicity under oxidative stress.
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24
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Li X, Ma L, Li Y, Wang L, Zhang L. Endophyte infection enhances accumulation of organic acids and minerals in rice under Pb 2+ stress conditions. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 174:255-262. [PMID: 30831474 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.02.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the effects of endophyte infection on Pb accumulation, organic acids (OAs) and mineral element contents by comparing endophyte-uninfected (E-) and endophyte-infected (E+) rice exposed to 0, 10.36, 20.72, 31.08 and 41.44 mg/L Pb2+ for 10 days. Pb2+ stress decreased growth, dry weight, and chlorophyll (Chl) content in E- and E+ in a concentration-dependent manner. Pb2+ accumulation was similar in E- and E+. Under Pb2+ stress, E+ accumulated more malate and fumarate in the leaves compared to E-, as well as more tartrate, malate, succinate and fumarate in the roots. Furthermore, E+ secreted more malate and lactate under 41.44 mg/L Pb2+ stress. Malate accumulation was induced by endophyte infection under Pb2+ exposure suggesting that malate is the most obvious candidate ligand for Pb2+. Endophyte infection increased Ca, Mg, P, Fe and Ni contents in the leaves and Ni contents in the roots under Pb2+ stress, but reduced Fe content in the roots under high Pb2+ stress. Under same Pb2+ concentration, endophyte infection significantly increased plant height, the dry weight of the shoots, and Chl content. The effects of endophyte infection might be due to changes in OAs accumulation and exudation and improvements in mineral uptake under Pb2+ stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Li
- College of Life Science, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, PR China
| | - Lianju Ma
- College of Life Science, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, PR China
| | - Yueying Li
- College of Life Science, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, PR China
| | - Lanlan Wang
- College of Life Science, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, PR China
| | - Lihong Zhang
- School of Environmental Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, PR China
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25
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Nigam N, Khare P, Yadav V, Mishra D, Jain S, Karak T, Panja S, Tandon S. Biochar-mediated sequestration of Pb and Cd leads to enhanced productivity in Mentha arvensis. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 172:411-422. [PMID: 30735973 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Immobilization of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) along with the alleviation of their phytotoxicity in Mentha arvensis by biochar was examined in this investigation. A greenhouse experiment was executed to evaluate the effect of biochar (BC) amended Cd and Pb spiked soil on their immobilization and uptake, plant growth, photosynthetic attributes (total chlorophyll, photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, and stomatal activity) and oxidative enzymes (guaiacol peroxidase: POD; catalase: CAT and superoxide dismutase: SOD). In the present study, the photosynthetic attributes showed that BC significantly improved the total chlorophyll, photosynthetic, transpiration rates, and stomatal activity in the plants. The incorporation of BC in soil increase the Pb and Cd tolerance in M. arvensis vis-à-vis improved the biomass yield and nutrient intake. In addition, biochar has also reduced the POD, CAT, and SOD in the plant as well as improved the soil pH and enzymatic activities. Overall, BC immobilized the Cd and Pb in soil by providing the binding site to the metals and reduced the phytotoxicity in M. arvensis. However, large-scale field trials of BC are required for safe cultivation of M. arvensis which is known for its phytopharmaceuticals importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Nigam
- Agronomy and Soil Science Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, India
| | - Puja Khare
- Agronomy and Soil Science Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, India.
| | - Vineet Yadav
- Agronomy and Soil Science Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, India
| | - Disha Mishra
- Agronomy and Soil Science Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, India
| | - Shilpi Jain
- Agronomy and Soil Science Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, India
| | - Tanmoy Karak
- Upper Assam Advisory Centre, Tea Research Association, Dikom, 786101 Dibrugarh, Assam, India; Department of Civil, Environmental and Ocean Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, 1 Castle Point Terrace, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA
| | - Saumik Panja
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Ocean Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, 1 Castle Point Terrace, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA
| | - S Tandon
- Chemical Processing and Technology Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, India
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26
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Dias MC, Mariz-Ponte N, Santos C. Lead induces oxidative stress in Pisum sativum plants and changes the levels of phytohormones with antioxidant role. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2019; 137:121-129. [PMID: 30772622 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The interaction of lead (Pb) with plant hormonal balance and oxidative stress remains under discussion. To evaluate how Pb induces oxidative stress, and modulates the antioxidant enzymes and the phytohormones pool, four-week old Pisum sativum plants were exposed during 28 days to 10, 100 and 500 mg kg-1 Pb in soil. In comparison to leaves, roots showed higher Pb accumulation, oxidative damages and changes in phytohormone pools. Contrarily to leaves, where glutathione reductase (GR) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activities were more stimulated than catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), roots showed a stimulation of SOD, GR and APX in all doses, and of CAT in the highest dose. While protein oxidation occurred in roots even at lower Pb-doses, lipid peroxidation and membrane permeability also occurred but at 500 mg kg-1 and in both organs, accompanied by increases of H2O2. Jasmonic acid (JA) responded in both organs even at lowest Pb-doses, while salicylic acid (SA) and abscisic acid (ABA, only in leaves), increased particularly at the concentration of 500 mg Pb kg-1. In conclusion, and compared with leaves, roots showed oxidative damage even at 10 mg Pb Kg-1, being proteins a first oxidative-target, although there is a stimulation of the antioxidant enzymes. Also, JA is mobilized prior to oxidative stress changes are detected, and may play a protective role (activating antioxidant enzymes), while the mobilization of SA is particularly relevant in cells expressing oxidative damage. Other hormones, like indolacetic acid and ABA may have a low protective role against Pb toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Celeste Dias
- Center for Functional Ecology (CEF), Department of Life Science, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456, Coimbra, Portugal; QOPNA & LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Nuno Mariz-Ponte
- Department of Biology & LAQV-REQUIMTE-UP, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua Campo Alegre, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - Conceição Santos
- Department of Biology & LAQV-REQUIMTE-UP, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua Campo Alegre, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
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27
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Kumar A, Prasad MNV. Plant-lead interactions: Transport, toxicity, tolerance, and detoxification mechanisms. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 166:401-418. [PMID: 30290327 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.09.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Natural and human activities introduced an excess level of toxic lead (Pb) to the environment. Pb has no known biological significance and its interactions with plants lead to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Pb and/or ROS have the potential to cause phytotoxicity by damaging the tissue ultrastructure, cellular components, and biomolecules. These damaging effects may possibly result in the inhibition of normal cellular functioning, physiological reactions, and overall plant performances. ROS play a dual role and act as a signaling molecule in plant defense system. This system encircles enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidative mechanisms. Catalase, superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and enzymes from the ascorbate-glutathione cycle are the major enzymatic antioxidants, while non-enzymatic antioxidants include phenols, flavonoids, ascorbic acid, and glutathione. Pb removal from contaminated sites using plants depend on the plant's Pb accumulation capacity, Pb-induced phytotoxicity, and tolerance and detoxification mechanisms plants adopted to combat against this phytotoxicity. However, the consolidated information discussing Pb-plant interaction including Pb uptake and its translocation within tissues, Pb-mediated phytotoxic symptoms, antioxidative mechanisms, cellular, and protein metabolisms are rather limited. Thus, we aimed to present a consolidated information and critical discussions focusing on the recent studies related to the Pb-induced toxicity and oxidative stress situations in different plants. The important functions of different antioxidants in plants during Pb stress have been reviewed. Additionally, tolerance responses and detoxification mechanisms in the plant through the regulation of gene expression, and glutathione and protein metabolisms to compete against Pb-induced phytotoxicity are also briefly discussed herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhay Kumar
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana 500046, India.
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28
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Ke M, Qu Q, Peijnenburg WJGM, Li X, Zhang M, Zhang Z, Lu T, Pan X, Qian H. Phytotoxic effects of silver nanoparticles and silver ions to Arabidopsis thaliana as revealed by analysis of molecular responses and of metabolic pathways. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 644:1070-1079. [PMID: 30743820 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The acute (3 days) and chronic (whole life history) responses of Arabidopsis thaliana following exposure to silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and Ag+ ions (AgNO3) in respectively a hydroponic medium and in soil were studied. After 3 days of hydroponic exposure, AgNPs (1.0 and 2.5 mg/L) exerted more severe inhibitory effects on plant (shoot and root) growth and photosynthesis than the same concentrations of Ag+ ions. In soil cultivation, the photoperiod, the autonomous, and the vernalization pathways were down-regulated to 0.15- to 0.5-fold of the control after 12.5 mg/kg AgNPs treatment. This exposure caused a decrease of approximately 25%-40% as compared to the control of the transcription of flowering key genes including AP1, LFY, FT and SOC1, and finally resulted in a delayed flowering time of 5 days. Only autonomous and vernalization pathways were inhibited by Ag+ ion treatment and ultimately the time of flowering in treated plants was delayed by 3 days. The energy production related metabolic pathways in the tricarboxylic acid cycle and in sugar metabolism were stimulated stronger by AgNPs than by Ag+ ion treatment, thus releasing more energy and accelerating the physiological metabolic responses against stress in the AgNPs treatment while subsequently reducing the plant growth and yield at the maturation stage. Importantly, shikimate-phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and tryptophan and galactose metabolisms were regulated only by the AgNPs treatment, which was a specific effect of nanoparticles. This work provides a systematic understanding at the molecular, physiological as well as metabolic level of the effects of AgNPs and Ag+ ions in A. thaliana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjing Ke
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Qian Qu
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - W J G M Peijnenburg
- Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands; National Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Center for Safety of Substances and Products, P.O. Box 1, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Xingxing Li
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Meng Zhang
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Zhenyan Zhang
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Tao Lu
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Xiangliang Pan
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Haifeng Qian
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, PR China; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Bioremediation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, PR China.
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