Experimental analysis of performance and emission on DI diesel engine fueled with diesel-palm kernel methyl ester-triacetin blends: a Taguchi fuzzy-based optimization

The combined effect of EGR and hydrogen addition on a Syzygium cumini (jamun) liquid biofuel engine

Rapid depletion of fossil fuels required the development of alternate and sustainable fuel sources that could replace conventional fuel while having no negative environmental impact. Combining hydrogen induction with biodiesel ensures strict emission standards and lowers energy consumption compared to conventional fuels. In this study, the performance, emissions, and combustion of a CI engine for Syzygium cumini (B20) were assessed and compared to diesel fuel while using a fixed amount of hydrogen flow rate (6L/m). Throughout the experiment, an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) technology of 10% and 20% and a constant engine speed of 1500 rpm at varying engine load circumstances were used. When hydrogen is added to B20, it decrease the emissions of carbon monoxide (CO), unburned hydrocarbons (UHC), brake thermal efficiency (BTE), and brake specific energy consumption (BSEC). At maximum load, the use of the EGR system decreased the exhaust gas temperature (EGT) by 13.4% and nitrogen oxide (NO_X) emission by 25%, but it had a negative impact on BTE, BSEC, as well as other emission parameters including CO and UHC. Therefore, using hydrogen in dual fuel mode in a CI engine enhances performance and lowers exhaust emissions, while using the EGR approach reduces NO_X emissions.

Multi-objective optimisation of engine characteristics of an RCCI diesel engine powered with Jatropha/1-pentanol blend: a Taguchi-fuzzy approach

Researchers are examining the possibilities for alternative fuel research as a fossil fuel replacement in light of global energy insecurity and other urgent challenges like global warming, severe emissions, and growing industrialization. This research uses 1-pentanol as a low reactivity fuel and Jatropha biodiesel as a high reactivity fuel to explore the reactivity-controlled compression ignition engine characteristics. A water-cooled single-cylinder engine is used in an experiment with varied loads of 25%, 50%, and 75% at a constant speed of 2000 rpm to examine the effects of operational parameters (i.e., (23 bTDC, 25 bTDC, and 27 bTDC) and (400 bar, 500 bar, and 600 bar)). The fuzzy-based Taguchi approach predicts operational parameters, including fuel injection time, fuel injection pressure, and engine load. Utilizing this ideal model, one may increase brake thermal efficiency and braking power while minimizing unburned hydrocarbon and nitrogen oxide emissions. An L20 orthogonal array is used to analyze the effects of various variables on an engine running on B20/1-pentanol fuel, including engine load, fuel injection timing, and fuel injection pressure. Multiple models are generated and verified with the use of experimental findings. Compared to other operating parameters, for reducing oxides of nitrogen, hydrocarbons, and brake-specific energy consumption maximally, engine load of 75%, FIP of 400 bar, and FIT of 23 bTDC are optimal based on the greatest MPCI value of 0.802.

Influence of the effect of nanoparticle additives blended with mahua methyl ester on performance, combustion, and emission characteristics of CRDI diesel engine

This research work aims to investigate the effect of fuel-borne additives when added to mahua methyl ester (MME) blend operated on common rail direct injection diesel engine. Nanoparticles (Al₂O₃ and Fe₂O₃) were chosen with the help of a homogenizer and ultrasonicator as fuel additives at dosing levels of 40, 80, and 120 ppm, respectively, and the biodiesel is prepared by blending 80% diesel and 20% MME. The performance, emission, and combustion characteristics were considered for analysis. The experimental study revealed that while using the Al₂O₃ nanoparticle additives' blended biodiesel (MME20+AONP120), the number of harmful pollutants like smoke (5.38%), HC (6.39%), carbon monoxide (10.24%), NOx, etc. has reduced to a considerable extent and there was a commendable improvement in the BTE by 8.8% in comparison with MME20. Moreover, MME20+AONP120 blend resulted in high in-cylinder pressure, HRR of about 58.4 bar, and 118 J/⁰CA, respectively, which are higher than diesel and MME20. So, it can be summarized that when biodiesel and nano additives are blended together, the combustion and performance of the engine were improved considerably and pollutant emissions were decreased.

Biodiesel at the Crossroads: A Critical Review

The delay in the energy transition, focused in the replacement of fossil diesel with biodiesel, is mainly caused by the need of reducing the costs associated to the transesterification reaction of vegetable oils with methanol. This reaction, on an industrial scale, presents several problems associated with the glycerol generated during the process. The costs to eliminate this glycerol have to be added to the implicit cost of using seed oil as raw material. Recently, several alternative methods to convert vegetable oils into high quality diesel fuels, which avoid the glycerol generation, are being under development, such as Gliperol, DMC-Biod, or Ecodiesel. Besides, there are renewable diesel fuels known as “green diesel”, obtained by several catalytic processes (cracking or pyrolysis, hydrodeoxygenation and hydrotreating) of vegetable oils and which exhibit a lot of similarities with fossil fuels. Likewise, it has also been addressed as a novel strategy, the use of straight vegetable oils in blends with various plant-based sources such as alcohols, vegetable oils, and several organic compounds that are renewable and biodegradable. These plant-based sources are capable of achieving the effective reduction of the viscosity of the blends, allowing their use in combustion ignition engines. The aim of this review is to evaluate the real possibilities that conventional biodiesel has in order to success as the main biofuel for the energy transition, as well as the use of alternative biofuels that can take part in the energy transition in a successful way.