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Kong W, Kong J, Feng S, Yang T, Xu L, Shen B, Bi Y, Lyu H. Cultivation of microalgae-bacteria consortium by waste gas-waste water to achieve CO 2 fixation, wastewater purification and bioproducts production. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS AND BIOPRODUCTS 2024; 17:26. [PMID: 38360745 PMCID: PMC10870688 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-023-02409-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
The cultivation of microalgae and microalgae-bacteria consortia provide a potential efficient strategy to fix CO2 from waste gas, treat wastewater and produce value-added products subsequently. This paper reviews recent developments in CO2 fixation and wastewater treatment by single microalgae, mixed microalgae and microalgae-bacteria consortia, as well as compares and summarizes the differences in utilizing different microorganisms from different aspects. Compared to monoculture of microalgae, a mixed microalgae and microalgae-bacteria consortium may mitigate environmental risk, obtain high biomass, and improve the efficiency of nutrient removal. The applied microalgae include Chlorella sp., Scenedesmus sp., Pediastrum sp., and Phormidium sp. among others, and most strains belong to Chlorophyta and Cyanophyta. The bacteria in microalgae-bacteria consortia are mainly from activated sludge and specific sewage sources. Bioengineer in CBB cycle in microalgae cells provide effective strategy to achieve improvement of CO2 fixation or a high yield of high-value products. The mechanisms of CO2 fixation and nutrient removal by different microbial systems are also explored and concluded, the importance of microalgae in the technology is proven. After cultivation, microalgae biomass can be harvested through physical, chemical, biological and magnetic separation methods and used to produce high-value by-products, such as biofuel, feed, food, biochar, fertilizer, and pharmaceutical bio-compounds. Although this technology has brought many benefits, some challenging obstacles and limitation remain for industrialization and commercializing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Kong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollution Control, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, People's Republic of China
- Hebei Engineering Research Center of Pollution Control in Power System, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Kong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollution Control, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, People's Republic of China
- Hebei Engineering Research Center of Pollution Control in Power System, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuo Feng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollution Control, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, People's Republic of China
- Hebei Engineering Research Center of Pollution Control in Power System, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, People's Republic of China
| | - TianTian Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollution Control, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, People's Republic of China
- Hebei Engineering Research Center of Pollution Control in Power System, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, People's Republic of China
| | - Lianfei Xu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollution Control, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, People's Republic of China
- Hebei Engineering Research Center of Pollution Control in Power System, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, People's Republic of China
| | - Boxiong Shen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollution Control, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, People's Republic of China.
- Hebei Engineering Research Center of Pollution Control in Power System, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yonghong Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, People's Republic of China.
| | - Honghong Lyu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollution Control, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, People's Republic of China.
- Hebei Engineering Research Center of Pollution Control in Power System, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, People's Republic of China.
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Han SF, Jin W, Qu F, Hanelt D, Abomohra A. Integrated municipal wastewater treatment and lipid accumulation by a self-flocculating/floating microalga Limnothrix sp. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 394:130165. [PMID: 38072079 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.130165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
The present study evaluated the growth, self-flocculation, lipid content, and pollutants removal by Limnothrix sp. BASMWW-9 isolated from municipal wastewater treatment system and cultivated in municipal wastewater. The biomass yield and lipid content after 6 days of cultivation were 1.07 g dw/L and 27.34 %dw, respectively. In addition, its self-flocculating ability reached up to 90 % after harvesting time of 180 min. Moreover, COD,NH3-N, TN, and TP removalefficiencies were 71.65 %, 81.89 %, 74.64 %, and 80.16 %, respectively. The self-flocculation performance of Limnothrix sp. was greatly associated to its morphology and production of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), with significant positive impact of the high calcium and magnesium content in municipal wastewater. Interestingly, blue light irradiation during harvest enhanced the aggregation and floc formation as a floating biomat, which was attributed to enhanced polysaccharides production. This study provides innovative harvest method for Limnothrix sp. BASMWW-9 cultivated in wastewater using blue light for enhanced lipid recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song-Fang Han
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466001, China
| | - Wenbiao Jin
- Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Fanqi Qu
- Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Dieter Hanelt
- Aquatic Ecophysiology and Phycology, Institute of Plant Science and Microbiology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg 22609, Germany
| | - Abdelfatah Abomohra
- Aquatic Ecophysiology and Phycology, Institute of Plant Science and Microbiology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg 22609, Germany.
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Yaashikaa PR, Senthil Kumar P, Saravanan A, Karishma S, Rangasamy G. A biotechnological roadmap for decarbonization systems combined into bioenergy production: Prelude of environmental life-cycle assessment. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 329:138670. [PMID: 37054843 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Decarbonization has become a critical issue in recent years due to rising energy demands and diminishing oil resources. Decarbonization systems based on biotechnology have proven to be a cost-effective and environmentally benign technique of lowering carbon emissions. Bioenergy generation is an environmentally friendly technique for mitigating climate change in the energy industry, and it is predicted to play an important role in lowering global carbon emissions. This review essentially provides a new perspective on the unique biotechnological approaches and strategies based decarbonization pathways. Furthermore, the application of genetically engineered microbes in CO2 biomitigation and energy generation is particularly emphasized. The production of biohydrogen and biomethane via anaerobic digestion techniques has been highlighted in the perspective. In this review, role of microorganisms in bioconversion of CO2 into different types of bioproducts such as biochemical, biopolymers, biosolvents and biosurfactant was summarized. The current analysis, which includes an in-depth discussion of a biotechnology-based roadmap for the bioeconomy, provides a clear picture of sustainability, forthcoming challenges, and perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- P R Yaashikaa
- Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, 602105, India
| | - P Senthil Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, 603110, Tamil Nadu, India; Centre of Excellence in Water Research (CEWAR), Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, 603110, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - A Saravanan
- Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, 602105, India
| | - S Karishma
- Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, 602105, India
| | - Gayathri Rangasamy
- School of Engineering, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon; University Centre for Research and Development & Department of Civil Engineering, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, Punjab, 140413, India
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Investigation of Hydrodynamic Parameters in an Airlift Photobioreactor on CO2 Biofixation by Spirulina sp. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14127503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The rise of CO2 concentration on Earth is a major environmental problem that causes global warming. To solve this issue, carbon capture and sequestration technologies are becoming more and more popular. Among them, cyanobacteria can efficiently sequestrate CO2, which is an eco-friendly and cost-effective way of reducing carbon dioxide, and algal biomass can be harvested as valuable products. In this study, the hydrodynamic parameters of an airlift photobioreactor such as gas holdup, mean bubble diameter and liquid circulation velocity were measured to investigate CO2 biofixation by Spirulina sp. The total gas holdup was found to increase linearly with the increase in the gas velocity from 0.185 to 1.936 cm/s. The mean bubble velocities in distilled water only and in the cyanobacterial culture on the first and sixth days of cultivation were 109.97, 87.98, and 65.89 cm/s, respectively. It was found that shear stress at gas velocities greater than 0.857 cm/s led to cyanobacterial death. After 7 days of batch culture, the maximum dry cell weight reached 1.62 g/L at the gas velocity of 0.524 cm/s, whereas the highest carbon dioxide removal efficiency by Spirulina sp. was 55.48% at a gas velocity of 0.185 cm/s, demonstrating that hydrodynamic parameters applied in this study were suitable to grow Spirulina sp. in the airlift photobioreactor and remove CO2.
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Singh V, Mishra V. Evaluation of the effects of input variables on the growth of two microalgae classes during wastewater treatment. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 213:118165. [PMID: 35183015 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater treatment carried out by microalgae is usually affected by the type of algal strain and the combination of cultivation parameters provided during the process. Every microalga strain has a different tolerance level towards cultivation parameters, including temperature, pH, light intensity, CO2 content, initial inoculum level, pretreatment method, reactor type and nutrient concentration in wastewater. Therefore, it is vital to supply the right combination of cultivation parameters to increase the wastewater treatment efficiency and biomass productivity of different microalgae classes. In the current investigation, the decision tree was used to analyse the dataset of class Trebouxiophyceae and Chlorophyceae. Various combinations of cultivation parameters were determined to enhance their performance in wastewater treatment. Nine combinations of cultivation parameters leading to high biomass production and eleven combinations each for high nitrogen removal efficiency and high phosphorus removal efficiency for class Trebouxiophyceae were detected by decision tree models. Similarly, eleven combinations for high biomass production, nine for high nitrogen removal efficiency, and eight for high phosphorus removal efficiency were detected for class Chlorophyceae. The results obtained through decision tree analysis can provide the optimum conditions of cultivation parameters, saving time in designing new experiments for treating wastewater at a large scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Singh
- School of Biochemical Engineering, IIT(BHU), Varanasi, India
| | - Vishal Mishra
- School of Biochemical Engineering, IIT(BHU), Varanasi, India.
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Chandra R, Pradhan S, Patel A, Ghosh UK. An approach for dairy wastewater remediation using mixture of microalgae and biodiesel production for sustainable transportation. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 297:113210. [PMID: 34375226 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work is remediation of dairy wastewater (DWW) for biodiesel feedstock production using poly-microalgae cultures of four microalgae namely Chlorella minutissima (C. minutissima), Scenedesmus abundans (S. abundans), Nostoc muscorum (N. muscorum) and Spirulina sp. The poly-microalgae cultures were prepared as C. minutissima + N. muscorum (CN), C. minutissima + N. muscorum + Spirulina sp. (CNSS) and S. abundans + N. muscorum + Spirulina sp. (SNSS). Poly-microalgae culture CNSS cultivated on 70% DWW achieved 75.16, 61.37, 58.76, 84.48 and 84.58%, removals of biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), and suspended solids (SS), respectively, at 12:12 h photoperiod that resulted into total biomass and lipid yield of 3.47 ± 0.07 g/L and 496.32± 0.065 mg/L. However, maximum biomass and lipid yields of 5.76 ± 0.06 and 1152.37 ± 0.065 mg/L were achieved by poly-microalgae culture CNSS cultivated on 70% DWW + 10 g/L of glucose at 18:6 h photoperiod. Fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) analysis shown presence of C14:0 (myristic acid) C16:0 (palmitic acid), C16:1 (palmitoleic acid), C18:0 (stearic acid), C18:2 (linoleic acid) and C18:3 (linolenic acid), it indicates that the lipids produced from poly-microalgae cultures are suitable for biodiesel production. Thus, poly-microalgae cultures could be more efficient than mono-microalgae cultures in the remediation of DWW and for biodiesel feedstock production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Chandra
- Bioenergy Research Laboratory, Polymer and Process Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee (Saharanpur Campus), Saharanpur, 247001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Snigdhendubala Pradhan
- Division of Sustainable Development, College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Alok Patel
- Biochemical Process Engineering, Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, 97187, Lulea, Sweden
| | - Uttam Kumar Ghosh
- Bioenergy Research Laboratory, Polymer and Process Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee (Saharanpur Campus), Saharanpur, 247001, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Ravanipour M, Hamidi A, Mahvi AH. Microalgae biodiesel: A systematic review in Iran. RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2021.111426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Madadi R, Maljaee H, Serafim LS, Ventura SPM. Microalgae as Contributors to Produce Biopolymers. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19080466. [PMID: 34436305 PMCID: PMC8398342 DOI: 10.3390/md19080466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Biopolymers are very favorable materials produced by living organisms, with interesting properties such as biodegradability, renewability, and biocompatibility. Biopolymers have been recently considered to compete with fossil-based polymeric materials, which rase several environmental concerns. Biobased plastics are receiving growing interest for many applications including electronics, medical devices, food packaging, and energy. Biopolymers can be produced from biological sources such as plants, animals, agricultural wastes, and microbes. Studies suggest that microalgae and cyanobacteria are two of the promising sources of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), cellulose, carbohydrates (particularly starch), and proteins, as the major components of microalgae (and of certain cyanobacteria) for producing bioplastics. This review aims to summarize the potential of microalgal PHAs, polysaccharides, and proteins for bioplastic production. The findings of this review give insight into current knowledge and future direction in microalgal-based bioplastic production considering a circular economy approach. The current review is divided into three main topics, namely (i) the analysis of the main types and properties of bioplastic monomers, blends, and composites; (ii) the cultivation process to optimize the microalgae growth and accumulation of important biobased compounds to produce bioplastics; and (iii) a critical analysis of the future perspectives on the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rozita Madadi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj 77871-31587, Iran;
| | - Hamid Maljaee
- CICECO—Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (H.M.); (L.S.S.)
| | - Luísa S. Serafim
- CICECO—Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (H.M.); (L.S.S.)
- Chemistry Department, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Sónia P. M. Ventura
- CICECO—Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (H.M.); (L.S.S.)
- Chemistry Department, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- Correspondence:
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Kong W, Kong J, Ma J, Lyu H, Feng S, Wang Z, Yuan P, Shen B. Chlorella vulgaris cultivation in simulated wastewater for the biomass production, nutrients removal and CO 2 fixation simultaneously. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 284:112070. [PMID: 33561760 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Chlorella vulgaris (C. vulgaris) was promising microalgae to simultaneously achieve biomass production, carbon dioxide (CO2) fixation, nutrients removal and proteins production especially under different conditions of CO2 gas and wastewaters. Results presented that maximal specific growth rate of C. vulgaris was 0.21-0.35 d-1 and 0.33-0.43 d-1 at 0.038% and 10% CO2 respectively, and corresponding maximal CO2 fixation rate was attended with 4.51-14.26 and 56.26-85.72 mg CO2·L-1·d-1. C. vulgaris showed good wastewater removal efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus at 10% CO2 with 96.12%-99.61% removal rates. Nitrogen fixation amount achieved 41.86 mg L-1 when the initial NH4Cl concentration was set at 60 mg L-1 at 10% CO2. Improved total protein (25.01-365.49 mg) and amino acids (24.56-196.44 mg) contents of C. vulgaris biomass was observed with the increasing of added CO2 and ammonium concentrations. Moreover, the developed kinetic function of C. vulgaris growth depends on both phosphorus quota and nitrogen quota with correlation coefficient (R2) ranged from 0.68 to 0.97. Computed maximal consumed nutrients concentrations (ΔCmax) based on Logistic function are positively related to initial NH4+-N concentrations, which indicated that adding ammonium could stimulate the utilization of both phosphorus and nitrogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Kong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollution Control, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, PR China; School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, PR China
| | - Jia Kong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollution Control, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, PR China
| | - Jiao Ma
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollution Control, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, PR China; School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, PR China
| | - Honghong Lyu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollution Control, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, PR China
| | - Shuo Feng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollution Control, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, PR China
| | - Zhuozhi Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollution Control, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, PR China; School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, PR China
| | - Peng Yuan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollution Control, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, PR China
| | - Boxiong Shen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollution Control, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, PR China; School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, PR China.
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Satpati GG, Pal R. Co-Cultivation of Leptolyngbya tenuis (Cyanobacteria) and Chlorella ellipsoidea (Green alga) for Biodiesel Production, Carbon Sequestration, and Cadmium Accumulation. Curr Microbiol 2021; 78:1466-1481. [PMID: 33661421 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-021-02426-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The co-cultivation approach using cyanobacteria-Leptolyngbya tenuis and green alga-Chlorella ellipsoidea demonstrated in the present study showed additive and synergistic effects on biomass yield, biomass productivity, lipid yield, lipid productivity, CO2 fixation, and cadmium bioremediation efficiency. The results of co-culture in batch mode revealed about 2-3 times increase in biomass and two times increase in total lipid, when compared to the pure culture batches. The results revealed that co-cultures exhibited significantly high CO2 fixation rate of 2.63 ± 0.09 g/L/d, which is 1.5-2 times better than monocultures (P < 0.05). To explore the bioaccumulation of cadmium by co-cultures and pure cultures, different concentrations of cadmium nitrate was used in flask trials. Cadmium accumulation was observed in the order: co-culture (74%, 0.37 mg/L) > Chlorella (58%, 0.29 mg/L) > Leptolyngbya (50%, 0.25 mg/L) (P < 0.05). In addition, fatty acid composition, CHNS analysis, biodiesel characterization, and biochemical compositions were also determined using co-culture method. The maximum biomass yield, productivity, lipid content, and CO2 fixation rate in cadmium induced co-culture were 3.95 ± 0.13 g/L, 258.88 ± 15.75 mg/L/d, 41.43 ± 0.71%, and 3.21 ± 0.20 g/L/d, respectively which is 1.2, 1.3, 2.3, and 1.2 times higher than the control (P < 0.05). Cadmium induced changes in growth and lipid yield using co-culture suggests cost-effective and eco-friendly production of biodiesel and carbon mitigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gour Gopal Satpati
- Department of Botany, Bangabasi Evening College, University of Calcutta, 19 Rajkumar Chakraborty Sarani, Kolkata, 700009, West Bengal, India.
| | - Ruma Pal
- Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India
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Osman MEH, Abo-Shady AM, Elshobary ME, Abd El-Ghafar MO, Abomohra AEF. Screening of seaweeds for sustainable biofuel recovery through sequential biodiesel and bioethanol production. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:32481-32493. [PMID: 32506400 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09534-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The present study evaluated the sequential biodiesel-bioethanol production from seaweeds. A total of 22 macroalgal species were collected at different seasons and screened based on lipid and carbohydrate contents as well as biomass production. The promising species was selected, based on the relative increase in energy compounds (REEC, %), for further energy conversion. Seasonal and annual biomass yields of the studied species showed significant variations. The rhodophyte Amphiroa compressa and the chlorophyte Ulva intestinalis showed the highest annual biomass yield of 75.2 and 61.5 g m-2 year-1, respectively. However, the highest annual carbohydrate productivity (ACP) and annual lipid productivity (ALP) were recorded for Ulva fasciata and Ulva intestinalis (17.0 and 3.0 g m-2 year-1, respectively). The later was selected for further studies because it showed 14.8% higher REEC value than Ulva fasciata. Saturated fatty acids (SAFs) showed 73.4%, with palmitic acid as a dominant fatty acid (43.8%). Therefore, biodiesel showed high saturation degree, with average degree of unsaturation (ADU) of 0.508. All the measured biodiesel characteristics complied the international standards. The first route of biodiesel production (R1) from Ulva intestinalis showed biodiesel recovery of 32.3 mg g-1 dw. The hydrolysate obtained after saccharification of the whole biomass (R2) and lipid-free biomass (R3) contained 1.22 and 1.15 g L-1, respectively, reducing sugars. However, bioethanol yield from R3 was 0.081 g g-1 dw, which represented 14.1% higher than that of R2. Therefore, application of sequential biofuel production using R3 resulted in gross energy output of 3.44 GJ ton-1 dw, which was 170.9% and 82.0% higher than R1 and R2, respectively. The present study recommended the naturally-grown Ulva intestinalis as a potential feedstock for enhanced energy recovery through sequential biodiesel-bioethanol production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed E H Osman
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
| | - Atef M Abo-Shady
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
| | - Mostafa E Elshobary
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
- School of Food & Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Mahasen O Abd El-Ghafar
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
| | - Abd El-Fatah Abomohra
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt.
- Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, China.
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Maheshwari N, Krishna PK, Thakur IS, Srivastava S. Biological fixation of carbon dioxide and biodiesel production using microalgae isolated from sewage waste water. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:27319-27329. [PMID: 31317429 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05928-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The present research investigates potential of microalgae isolated from sewage treatment plant to utilize sodium bicarbonate as carbon source for CO2 sequestration and biodiesel production. Eight algal isolates were isolated from waste water of sewage treatment plant, Amity University Haryana, India. The most potent algal isolates were identified and characterized on the basis of growth and lipid content. The efficient isolates ASW1 and ASW2 were identified as Chlorella sp. and Arthronema sp. by 18srRNA and 16srRNA sequencing method. In both isolates, maximum growth was observed under 20-W fluorescent bulb (3500 flux light intensity) with continuous light cycle of 24 h at pH 9.0 and 25 °C on the 20th day of incubation period. CO2 utilization efficiency of both algal isolates were observed in terms of total CO2 consumption rate. Under optimized culture conditions, total lipid content and lipid yield was higher in Arthronema sp. (180 mg l-1; 32.14%) as compared to Chlorella sp. (98 mg l-1; 29.6%) in 50 mM NaHCO3. Transesterified lipids were analysed by GC-MS. The fatty acid methyl ester profile of Arthronema sp. was 34.42% saturated and 65.58% unsaturated fatty acid. Chlorella sp. produces 29.80% saturated and 70.20% unsaturated fatty acid. In both isolates, C16 and C18 fatty acids dominated, which is a promising component for biodiesel. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Maheshwari
- Amity School of Earth and Environmental Science, Amity University Haryana, Gurugram, India
| | - Pushpa K Krishna
- Amity School of Earth and Environmental Science, Amity University Haryana, Gurugram, India
| | - Indu Shekhar Thakur
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Shaili Srivastava
- Amity School of Earth and Environmental Science, Amity University Haryana, Gurugram, India.
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An M, Yang S, Wu H, Luo G, Li M. Recommended turbulent energy dissipation rate for biomass and lipid production of Scenedesmus obliquus in an aerated photosynthetic culture system. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:26473-26483. [PMID: 32367240 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08700-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Effects of turbulent energy dissipation rate (increased from 1.28 × 10-6 to 1.67 × 10-5 m2 s-3) on Scenedesmus obliquus biomass and lipid accumulation at different aeration rates (0.3, 0.6, 0.9, 1.2, and 1.5 L min-1) were investigated. The turbulent energy dissipation rate was calculated by CFD model simulation. When the turbulent energy dissipation rate increased to 7.30 × 10-6 m2 s-3, the biomass and lipid productivity increased gradually, and finally reached their maximum values of 1.11 × 107 cells mL-1 and 16.0 mg L-1 day-1, respectively. When it exceeded 7.30 × 10-6 m2 s-3, the biomass and lipid productivity showed a decreasing trend. Therefore, the most favorable turbulent energy dissipation rate for S. obliquus growth and lipid accumulation was 7.30 × 10-6 m2 s-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei An
- Gansu Microalgae Technology Innovation Center, Key laboratory of Hexi Corridor Resources Utilization of Gansu, Hexi University, Zhangye, Gansu, 734000, People's Republic of China
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Songqi Yang
- Gansu Microalgae Technology Innovation Center, Key laboratory of Hexi Corridor Resources Utilization of Gansu, Hexi University, Zhangye, Gansu, 734000, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiming Wu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanghong Luo
- Gansu Microalgae Technology Innovation Center, Key laboratory of Hexi Corridor Resources Utilization of Gansu, Hexi University, Zhangye, Gansu, 734000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ming Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, 712100, People's Republic of China.
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14
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Asadi P, Rad HA, Qaderi F. Comparison of Chlorella vulgaris and Chlorella sorokiniana pa.91 in post treatment of dairy wastewater treatment plant effluents. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:29473-29489. [PMID: 31396874 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06051-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Treatment of wastewater by using of microalgae is a cost-effective system. Chlorella sorokiniana pa.91 and Chlorella vulgaris were studied in this research. Chlorella sorokiniana pa.91 was isolated from the dairy wastewater. In this study, treated wastewaters in preliminary and secondary treatment units of dairy wastewater treatment plant were used as medium. Maximum growth of two species of microalgae was examined in these two mediums, and also, nutrient removal was studied. The performance of two species of microalgae was studied on laboratory scale at different temperatures and light intensities. The best observed temperatures for Chlorella vulgaris and Chlorella sorokiniana pa.91 were 25 and 28 °C, respectively, and the best observed performance for them was obtained at 7500 lx. The values of specific growth rate and biomass productivity in effluent of preliminary treatment unit for Chlorella vulgaris were 0.331 day-1 and 0.214 g L-l day-1, respectively, and for Chlorella sorokiniana pa.91 were 0.375 day-1 and 0.233 g L-l day-1, respectively. Also, these parameters for Chlorella vulgaris in effluent of secondary treatment unit were determined 0.359 day-1 and 0.166 g L-l day-1, respectively, and for Chlorella sorokiniana pa.91 were obtained 0.422 day-1 and 0.185 g L-l day-1, respectively. The removal efficiency of nitrate, ammonia, phosphate, and chemical oxygen demand for Chlorella sorokiniana pa.91 and Chlorella vulgaris in both of effluents was more than 80%. Based on the results, effluent of treatment plants can be a suitable microalgae growth medium, and the microalgae can be used as effective post treatment system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pariya Asadi
- Faculty of Civil Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran
| | - Hassan Amini Rad
- Faculty of Civil Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran
| | - Farhad Qaderi
- Faculty of Civil Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran.
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15
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Mistry AN, Upendar G, Singh S, Chakrabarty J, Bandyopadhyay G, Ghanta KC, Dutta S. Sequestration of CO 2 using microorganisms and evaluation of their potential to synthesize biomolecules. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2019.1577453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Avnish Nitin Mistry
- Department of Earth & Environmental Studies, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur, India
| | - Ganta Upendar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur, India
| | - Sunita Singh
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur, India
| | | | - Gautam Bandyopadhyay
- Department of Management Studies, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur, India
| | - Kartik Chandra Ghanta
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur, India
| | - Susmita Dutta
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur, India
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