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Machunguene M, Guilundo SV, Oliveira RS, Martins CM, Quilambo OA. Assessment of heavy metals and human health risk associated with the consumption of crops cultivated in industrial areas of Maputo, Mozambique. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2024:1-12. [PMID: 38733327 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2024.2349478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate heavy metals concentrations in soils and vegetables (cabbage, lettuce, and cassava) cultivated at Matola and Beluluane Industrial Parks, and to assess health risks linked to their consumption through estimated daily intake, hazard index (HI), and incremental lifetime cancer risk. Concentrations of Al, As, Co, Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb, and Zn were determined in the two sites. Soil concentrations of As at Beluluane site and As, Cd, and Cr at Matola site exceeded reference limits of the Food and Agriculture Organization/World Health Organization, showing heavy metal contamination. At Beluluane site, all studied vegetables presented As and Pb levels higher than reference limits, Cd concentrations were higher than the reference limit in cabbage, lettuce, and cassava leaves. At Matola site crops concentrations of As, Cd, Cr, and Pb exceeded the reference limits. Zinc exceeded the reference limit in all crops except in cabbage. HIs for vegetables from Beluluane exceeded 1.0 in cabbage (2.66), lettuce (2.27), and cassava leaves (2.37). Likewise, at Matola, HIs exceeded 1.0 in lettuce (1.67), cassava leaves (1.65), and root tubers (13). We found that vegetables cultivated in industrial parks present high carcinogenic risk due to heavy metal contamination, rendering them unsuitable for human consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mário Machunguene
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Eduardo Mondlane University, Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Sónia V Guilundo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Eduardo Mondlane University, Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Rui S Oliveira
- Centre for Functional Ecology, Associate Laboratory TERRA, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Célia M Martins
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Eduardo Mondlane University, Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Orlando A Quilambo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Eduardo Mondlane University, Maputo, Mozambique
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Engrola F, Correia MAS, Watson C, Romão CC, Veiros LF, Romão MJ, Santos-Silva T, Santini JM. Arsenite oxidase in complex with antimonite and arsenite oxyanions: Insights into the catalytic mechanism. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105036. [PMID: 37442232 PMCID: PMC10448176 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Arsenic contamination of groundwater is among one of the biggest health threats affecting millions of people in the world. There is an urgent need for efficient arsenic biosensors where the use of arsenic metabolizing enzymes can be explored. In this work, we have solved four crystal structures of arsenite oxidase (Aio) in complex with arsenic and antimony oxyanions and the structures determined correspond to intermediate states of the enzymatic mechanism. These structural data were complemented with density-functional theory calculations providing a unique view of the molybdenum active site at different time points that, together with mutagenesis data, enabled to clarify the enzymatic mechanism and the molecular determinants for the oxidation of As(III) to the less toxic As(V) species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipa Engrola
- UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal; Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Márcia A S Correia
- UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal; Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Cameron Watson
- Division of Biosciences, Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Luis F Veiros
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Lisboa, Portugal; Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Maria João Romão
- UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal; Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal.
| | - Teresa Santos-Silva
- UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal; Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal.
| | - Joanne M Santini
- Division of Biosciences, Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
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Szuba A, Ratajczak E, Leski T, Jasińska AK, Hanć A, Piechalak A, Woźniak G, Jagodziński AM. Physiological response of adult Salix aurita in wetland vegetation affected by flooding with As-rich fine pyrite particles. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 865:161197. [PMID: 36586699 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
An uncontrolled, natural episode of flooding with waters contaminated with As-rich pyrite (FeAsS) particles caused serious ecological damage leading to necrosis of plants growing in a fresh wet meadow located in an area characterized by unique geological structures rich in arsenopyrites. One of the few plant species capable of surviving this event was Salix aurita L., which grew in numbers in the analyzed area, but individual plants were affected differently by toxic flooding. No significant phenotypic changes (Group I), through partial leaf and/or stem necrosis (Group II) up to necrosis of the whole parental plant and root suckers (Group III), were observed for various willow clumps. These varied phenotypic responses of S. aurita to As-rich sediments were compared with the biochemical status of the foliage of willow trees, and with their rhizosphere physiological parameters. Our in situ study revealed that the biochemical status of leaves reflects the phenotypic damage incurred by adult willows growing in their natural environment and affected by the flooding. In leaves of willows with increasingly negative phenotypic changes (Groups I → II → III) as well as increasing levels of reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde and decreased levels of glutathione and thiol groups were detected. Phytochelatins, commonly considered major As chelators, were not detected in S. aurita leaves. Despite a decrease in the size of leaves with the intensity of tree damage, all leaves expressed a normal level of leaf pigments. Phenotypic changes observed for particular willow clumps were only partly related to soil As levels. Moreover, As and S (but not Fe) foliar levels were related but did not correspond strictly with foliar biochemical features, or with soil As levels, soil pH or soil microbial activity, with the latter two drastically decreased in the rhizospheres of willows from Groups II and III.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Szuba
- Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 62-035 Kórnik, Poland.
| | - Ewelina Ratajczak
- Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 62-035 Kórnik, Poland.
| | - Tomasz Leski
- Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 62-035 Kórnik, Poland.
| | - Anna K Jasińska
- Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 62-035 Kórnik, Poland.
| | - Anetta Hanć
- Department of Trace Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Aneta Piechalak
- Laboratory of Genome Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Gabriela Woźniak
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-032 Katowice, Poland.
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Ayub A, Srithilat K, Fatima I, Panduro-Tenazoa NM, Ahmed I, Akhtar MU, Shabbir W, Ahmad K, Muhammad A. Arsenic in drinking water: overview of removal strategies and role of chitosan biosorbent for its remediation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:64312-64344. [PMID: 35849228 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21988-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Accessibility to clean drinking water often remains a crucial task at times. Among other water pollutants, arsenic is considered a more lethal contaminant and has become a serious threat to human life globally. This review discussed the sources, chemistry, distribution, and toxicity of arsenic and various conventional technologies that are in option for its removal from the water system. Nowadays, biosorbents are considered the best option for arsenic-contaminated water treatment. We have mainly focused on the need and potential of biosorbents especially the role of chitosan-based composites for arsenic removal. The chitosan-based sorbents are economically more efficient in terms of their, low toxicity, cost-effectiveness, biodegradability, eco-friendly nature, and reusability. The role of various modification techniques, such as physical and chemical, has also been evaluated to improve the physicochemical properties of biosorbent. The importance of adsorption kinetic and isotherm models and the role of solution pH and pHPZC for arsenic uptake from the polluted water have also been investigated. Some other potential applications of chitosan-based biosorbents have also been discussed along with its sustainability aspect. Finally, some suggestions have been highlighted for further improvements in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asif Ayub
- Institute of Chemistry, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan.
| | - Khaysy Srithilat
- Faculty of Economics and Business Management, National University of Laos, Vientiane, Laos
| | - Irum Fatima
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wah, Quaid Avenue, Wah Cantt, Rawalpindi, 47040, Pakistan
| | - Nadia Masaya Panduro-Tenazoa
- Department of Aquaculture Agroforestry Engineering, National Intercultural University of the Amazon, Pucallpa, Peru
| | - Iqbal Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Usman Akhtar
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Waqas Shabbir
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Khalil Ahmad
- Institute of Chemistry, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Ali Muhammad
- Institute of Chemistry, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
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Bhardwaj A. Understanding the diversified microbial operon framework coupled to arsenic transformation and expulsion. Biologia (Bratisl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11756-022-01198-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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