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Garcia DN, Hense JD, Zanini BM, Isola JVV, Prosczek JB, Ashiqueali S, Oliveira TL, Mason JB, Schadock IC, Barros CC, Stout MB, Masternak MM, Schneider A. Senolytic treatment fails to improve ovarian reserve or fertility in female mice. GeroScience 2024; 46:3445-3455. [PMID: 38358579 PMCID: PMC11009191 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01089-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Senescent cell number increases with age in different tissues, leading to greater senescent cell load, proinflammatory stress, and tissue dysfunction. In the current study, we tested the efficacy of senolytic drugs to reduce ovarian senescence and improve fertility in reproductive age female mice. In the first experiment, 1-month-old C57BL/6 female mice were treated every other week with D + Q (n = 24) or placebo (n = 24). At 3 and 6 months of age, female mice were mated with untreated males to evaluate pregnancy rate and litter size. In the second experiment, 6-month-old C57BL/6 female mice were treated monthly with D + Q (n = 30), fisetin (n = 30), or placebo (n = 30). Females were treated once a month until 11 months of age, then they were mated with untreated males for 30 days to evaluate pregnancy rate and litter size. In the first experiment, D + Q treatment did not affect pregnancy rate (P = 0.68), litter size (P = 0.58), or ovarian reserve (P > 0.05). Lipofuscin staining was lower in females treated with D + Q (P = 0.04), but expression of senescence genes in ovaries was similar. In the second experiment, D + Q or fisetin treatment also did not affect pregnancy rate (P = 0.37), litter size (P = 0.20), or ovarian reserve (P > 0.05). Lipofuscin staining (P = 0.008) and macrophage infiltration (P = 0.002) was lower in fisetin treated females. Overall, treatment with D + Q or fisetin did not affect ovarian reserve or fertility but did decrease some senescence markers in the ovary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Driele N Garcia
- Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Rua Gomes Carneiro, 1 - Sala 239, Pelotas, RS, CEP 96010-610, Brazil
| | - Jessica D Hense
- Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Rua Gomes Carneiro, 1 - Sala 239, Pelotas, RS, CEP 96010-610, Brazil
| | - Bianka M Zanini
- Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Rua Gomes Carneiro, 1 - Sala 239, Pelotas, RS, CEP 96010-610, Brazil
| | - Jose V V Isola
- Aging & Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Juliane B Prosczek
- Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Rua Gomes Carneiro, 1 - Sala 239, Pelotas, RS, CEP 96010-610, Brazil
| | - Sarah Ashiqueali
- College of Medicine, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Thais L Oliveira
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Jeffrey B Mason
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical and Life Sciences, Center for Integrated BioSystems, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA
| | - Ines C Schadock
- Experimental Toxicology Department, German Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carlos C Barros
- Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Rua Gomes Carneiro, 1 - Sala 239, Pelotas, RS, CEP 96010-610, Brazil
| | - Michael B Stout
- College of Medicine, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Michal M Masternak
- College of Medicine, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Augusto Schneider
- Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Rua Gomes Carneiro, 1 - Sala 239, Pelotas, RS, CEP 96010-610, Brazil.
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Bramwell LR, Frankum R, Harries LW. Repurposing Drugs for Senotherapeutic Effect: Potential Senomorphic Effects of Female Synthetic Hormones. Cells 2024; 13:517. [PMID: 38534362 DOI: 10.3390/cells13060517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Repurposing previously approved drugs may fast track the route to the clinic for potential senotherapeutics and improves the inefficiency of the clinical drug development pipeline. We performed a repurposing screen of 240 clinically approved molecules in human primary dermal fibroblasts for their effects on CDKN2A expression. Molecules demonstrating effects on CDKN2A expression underwent secondary screening for senescence-associated beta galactosidase (SAB) activity, based on effect size, direction, and/or molecule identity. Selected molecules then underwent a more detailed assessment of senescence phenotypes including proliferation, apoptosis, DNA damage, senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) expression, and regulators of alternative splicing. A selection of the molecules demonstrating effects on senescence were then used in a new bioinformatic structure-function screen to identify common structural motifs. In total, 90 molecules displayed altered CDKN2A expression at one or other dose, of which 15 also displayed effects on SAB positivity in primary human dermal fibroblasts. Of these, 3 were associated with increased SAB activity, and 11 with reduced activity. The female synthetic sex hormones-diethylstilboestrol, ethynyl estradiol and levonorgestrel-were all associated with a reduction in aspects of the senescence phenotype in male cells, with no effects visible in female cells. Finally, we identified that the 30 compounds that decreased CDKN2A activity the most had a common substructure linked to this function. Our results suggest that several drugs licensed for other indications may warrant exploration as future senotherapies, but that different donors and potentially different sexes may respond differently to senotherapeutic compounds. This underlines the importance of considering donor-related characteristics when designing drug screening platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura R Bramwell
- RNA-Mediated Mechanisms of Disease Group, Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences (Medical School), Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Ryan Frankum
- RNA-Mediated Mechanisms of Disease Group, Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences (Medical School), Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Lorna W Harries
- RNA-Mediated Mechanisms of Disease Group, Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences (Medical School), Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX2 5DW, UK
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Lee E, Carreras-Gallo N, Lopez L, Turner L, Lin A, Mendez TL, Went H, Tomusiak A, Verdin E, Corley M, Ndhlovu L, Smith R, Dwaraka VB. Exploring the effects of Dasatinib, Quercetin, and Fisetin on DNA methylation clocks: a longitudinal study on senolytic interventions. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:3088-3106. [PMID: 38393697 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Senolytics, small molecules targeting cellular senescence, have emerged as potential therapeutics to enhance health span. However, their impact on epigenetic age remains unstudied. This study aimed to assess the effects of Dasatinib and Quercetin (DQ) senolytic treatment on DNA methylation (DNAm), epigenetic age, and immune cell subsets. In a Phase I pilot study, 19 participants received DQ for 6 months, with DNAm measured at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months. Significant increases in epigenetic age acceleration were observed in first-generation epigenetic clocks and mitotic clocks at 3 and 6 months, along with a notable decrease in telomere length. However, no significant differences were observed in second and third-generation clocks. Building upon these findings, a subsequent investigation evaluated the combination of DQ with Fisetin (DQF), a well-known antioxidant and antiaging senolytic molecule. After one year, 19 participants (including 10 from the initial study) received DQF for 6 months, with DNAm assessed at baseline and 6 months. Remarkably, the addition of Fisetin to the treatment resulted in non-significant increases in epigenetic age acceleration, suggesting a potential mitigating effect of Fisetin on the impact of DQ on epigenetic aging. Furthermore, our analyses unveiled notable differences in immune cell proportions between the DQ and DQF treatment groups, providing a biological basis for the divergent patterns observed in the evolution of epigenetic clocks. These findings warrant further research to validate and comprehensively understand the implications of these combined interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwin Lee
- Institute For Hormonal Balance, Orlando, FL 32819, USA
| | | | | | | | - Aaron Lin
- TruDiagnostic, Lexington, KY 40503, USA
| | | | | | - Alan Tomusiak
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA 94945, USA
| | - Eric Verdin
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA 94945, USA
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Lelarge V, Capelle R, Oger F, Mathieu T, Le Calvé B. Senolytics: from pharmacological inhibitors to immunotherapies, a promising future for patients' treatment. NPJ AGING 2024; 10:12. [PMID: 38321020 PMCID: PMC10847408 DOI: 10.1038/s41514-024-00138-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
The involvement of cellular senescence in the initiation and propagation of diseases is clearly characterized, making the elimination of senescent cells essential to treat age-related diseases. The development of senolytic drugs demonstrated that targeting these cells limits the deterioration of patients' condition, by inducing apoptosis. Nevertheless, the first generations of senolytics which has been developed displayed their activities through specific mechanisms and demonstrated several limitations during clinical development. However, the rational to eliminate senescent cells remains evident, with the necessity to develop specific therapies in a context of diseases and tissues. The evolutions in the field of drug discovery open the way to a new generation of senolytic therapies, such as immunological approaches (CAR-T cells, Antibody-Drug Conjugated or vaccines), which require preliminary steps of research to identify markers specifically expressed on senescent cells, demonstrating promising specific effects. Currently, the preclinical development of these strategies appears more challenging to avoid strong side effects, but the expected results are commensurate with patients' hopes for treatments. In this review, we highlight the fact that the classical senolytic approach based on drug repurposing display limited efficacy and probably reached its limits in term of clinical development. The recent development of more complex therapies and the extension of interest in the domain of senescence in different fields of research allow to extend the possibility to discover powerful therapies. The future of age-related diseases treatment is linked to the development of new approaches based on cell therapy or immunotherapy to offer the best treatment for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Lelarge
- StarkAge Therapeutics, Campus de l'Institut Pasteur de Lille, 1 rue du Professeur Calmette, 59800, Lille, France
| | - R Capelle
- StarkAge Therapeutics, Campus de l'Institut Pasteur de Lille, 1 rue du Professeur Calmette, 59800, Lille, France
| | - F Oger
- University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, CNRS, U1283 - UMR 8199 - EGID, 59000, Lille, France
| | - T Mathieu
- StarkAge Therapeutics, Campus de l'Institut Pasteur de Lille, 1 rue du Professeur Calmette, 59800, Lille, France
- Synlab, 60/62 Rue d'Hauteville, 75010, Paris, France
| | - B Le Calvé
- StarkAge Therapeutics, Campus de l'Institut Pasteur de Lille, 1 rue du Professeur Calmette, 59800, Lille, France.
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Fang Y, Peck MR, Quinn K, Medina D, Roy S, McFadden SA, Bartke A, Hascup KN, Hascup ER. Senolytic Intervention Improves Cognition, Metabolism, and Adiposity in Female APP NL-F/NL-F Mice. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.12.571277. [PMID: 38168356 PMCID: PMC10760014 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.12.571277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Senescent cells accumulate throughout the body and brain contributing to unhealthy aging and Alzheimer's disease (AD). We hypothesized that senolytic intervention would alleviate cellular senescence thereby improving spatial memory in APPNL-F/NL-F mice. METHODS Male and female APPNL-F/NL-F mice were treated monthly with vehicle, 5 mg/kg Dasitinib (D) + 50 mg/kg Quercetin (Q), or 100 mg/kg Fisetin. Blood glucose levels, energy metabolism, spatial memory, and senescent cell markers were assayed. RESULTS D+Q treatment in female APPNL-F/NL-F mice increased oxygen consumption and energy expenditure resulting in decreased body mass. White adipose tissue content was decreased along with senescence markers, SASP, blood glucose, and plasma insulin and triglycerides. Hippocampal senescence markers and SASP were reduced along with soluble and insoluble Aβ42 and SA-β-gal activity leading to improved spatial memory. DISCUSSION Considering women have a greater risk of dementia, identifying senotherapeutics appropriate for sex and disease stage is necessary for personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimin Fang
- Department of Neurology, Dale and Deborah Smith Center for Alzheimer’s Research and Treatment, Neuroscience Institute, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL 62702, USA
| | - Mackenzie R. Peck
- Department of Neurology, Dale and Deborah Smith Center for Alzheimer’s Research and Treatment, Neuroscience Institute, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL 62702, USA
| | - Kathleen Quinn
- Department of Neurology, Dale and Deborah Smith Center for Alzheimer’s Research and Treatment, Neuroscience Institute, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL 62702, USA
| | - David Medina
- Department of Internal Medicine, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL 62702, USA
| | - Stephen Roy
- Department of Neurology, Dale and Deborah Smith Center for Alzheimer’s Research and Treatment, Neuroscience Institute, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL 62702, USA
| | - Samuel A. McFadden
- Department of Neurology, Dale and Deborah Smith Center for Alzheimer’s Research and Treatment, Neuroscience Institute, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL 62702, USA
| | - Andrzej Bartke
- Department of Internal Medicine, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL 62702, USA
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL 62702, USA
| | - Kevin N. Hascup
- Department of Neurology, Dale and Deborah Smith Center for Alzheimer’s Research and Treatment, Neuroscience Institute, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL 62702, USA
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL 62702, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL 62702, USA
| | - Erin R. Hascup
- Department of Neurology, Dale and Deborah Smith Center for Alzheimer’s Research and Treatment, Neuroscience Institute, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL 62702, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL 62702, USA
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Cha J, Aguayo-Mazzucato C, Thompson PJ. Pancreatic β-cell senescence in diabetes: mechanisms, markers and therapies. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1212716. [PMID: 37720527 PMCID: PMC10501801 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1212716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a response to a wide variety of stressors, including DNA damage, oncogene activation and physiologic aging, and pathologically accelerated senescence contributes to human disease, including diabetes mellitus. Indeed, recent work in this field has demonstrated a role for pancreatic β-cell senescence in the pathogenesis of Type 1 Diabetes, Type 2 Diabetes and monogenic diabetes. Small molecule or genetic targeting of senescent β-cells has shown promise as a novel therapeutic approach for preventing and treating diabetes. Despite these advances, major questions remain around the molecular mechanisms driving senescence in the β-cell, identification of molecular markers that distinguish senescent from non-senescent β-cell subpopulations, and translation of proof-of-concept therapies into novel treatments for diabetes in humans. Here, we summarize the current state of the field of β-cell senescence, highlighting insights from mouse models as well as studies on human islets and β-cells. We identify markers that have been used to detect β-cell senescence to unify future research efforts in this field. We discuss emerging concepts of the natural history of senescence in β-cells, heterogeneity of senescent β-cells subpopulations, role of sex differences in senescent responses, and the consequences of senescence on integrated islet function and microenvironment. As a young and developing field, there remain many open research questions which need to be addressed to move senescence-targeted approaches towards clinical investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeeyeon Cha
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | | | - Peter J. Thompson
- Diabetes Research Envisioned and Accomplished in Manitoba Theme, Children’s Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Department of Physiology & Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
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