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Huang SS, Yang Z, Li B, Jiang ZH, Tan Y, Hao DD, Chen CQ, Wang YW, Liang JY, Pan FS, Liu YH, Xie XY, Zhu YF, Wang Z. Radiating blood flow signal: A new ultrasound feature of thyroid carcinoma. Eur J Radiol 2024; 176:111502. [PMID: 38759544 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2024.111502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To summary radiating blood flow signals and evaluate their diagnostic value in differentiating benign and malignant thyroid nodules. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively recruited consecutive patients undergoing US at 4 hospitals from 2018 to 2022. In a training dataset, the correlations of US features with malignant thyroid nodules were assessed by multivariate logistic analysis. Multivariate logistic regression models involving the ACR TI-RADS score, radiating blood flow signals and their combination were built and validated internally and externally. The AUC with 95% asymptotic normal confidence interval as well as sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value (NPV), and positive predictive value (PPV) with 95% exact binomial confidence intervals were calculated. RESULTS Among 2475 patients (1818 women, age: 42.47 ± 11.57; 657 men, age: 42.16 ± 11.69), there were 3187 nodules (2342 malignant nodules and 845 benign nodules). Radiating blood flow signals were an independent risk factor for diagnosing thyroid carcinoma. In the training set, the AUC of the model using the combination of radiating blood flow signals and the ACR TI-RADS score (0.95 95 % CI: [0.94, 0.97]; P < 0.001) was significantly higher than that of the ACR TI-RADS model (0.91 [0.89, 0.93]). In the two internal validation sets and the external validation set, the AUCs of the combination model were 0.97 [0.96, 0.98], 0.92 [0.88, 0.96], and 0.91 [0.86, 0.95], respectively, and were all significantly higher than that of the ACR TI-RADS score (0.92 [0.90, 0.95], 0.86 [0.81, 0.91], 0.84 [0.79, 0.89]; P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Radiating blood flow is a new US feature of thyroid carcinomas that can significantly improve the diagnostic performance vs. the ACR TI-RADS score.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha-Sha Huang
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Ultrasound, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zheng Yang
- Department of Pathology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Bin Li
- Clinical Trials Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Hao Jiang
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Ultrasound, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Tan
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Ultrasound, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Duo-Duo Hao
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, Shenzhen Bao'an District Songgang People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Chun-Qiao Chen
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, Bao'an Central Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Ying-Wei Wang
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, Guangzhou Concord Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin-Yu Liang
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Ultrasound, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fu-Shun Pan
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Ultrasound, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Hao Liu
- Clinical Trials Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Xie
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Ultrasound, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Fan Zhu
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Zhu Wang
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Ultrasound, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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Ren JY, Lin JJ, Lv WZ, Zhang XY, Li XQ, Xu T, Peng YX, Wang Y, Cui XW. A Comparative Study of Two Radiomics-Based Blood Flow Modes with Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System in Predicting Malignancy of Thyroid Nodules and Reducing Unnecessary Fine-Needle Aspiration Rate. Acad Radiol 2024:S1076-6332(24)00077-1. [PMID: 38453602 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2024.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES We aimed to compare superb microvascular imaging (SMI)-based radiomics methods, and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS)-based radiomics methods to the American College of Radiology Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (ACR TI-RADS) for classifying thyroid nodules (TNs) and reducing unnecessary fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) rate. MATERIALS AND METHODS This retrospective study enrolled a dataset of 472 pathologically confirmed TNs. Radiomics characteristics were extracted from B-mode ultrasound (BMUS), SMI, and CEUS images, respectively. After eliminating redundant features, four radiomics scores (Rad-scores) were constructed. Using multivariable logistic regression analysis, four radiomics prediction models incorporating Rad-score and corresponding US features were constructed and validated in terms of discrimination, calibration, decision curve analysis, and unnecessary FNAB rate. RESULTS The diagnostic performance of the BMUS + SMI radiomics method was better than ACR TI-RADS (area under the curve [AUC]: 0.875 vs. 0.689 for the training cohort, 0.879 vs. 0.728 for the validation cohort) (P < 0.05), and comparable with BMUS + CEUS radiomics method (AUC: 0.875 vs. 0.878 for the training cohort, 0.879 vs. 0.865 for the validation cohort) (P > 0.05). Decision curve analysis showed that the BMUS+SMI radiomics method could achieve higher net benefits than the BMUS radiomics method and ACR TI-RADS when the threshold probability was between 0.13 and 0.88 in the entire cohort. When applying the BMUS+SMI radiomics method, the unnecessary FNAB rate reduced from 43.4% to 13.9% in the training cohort and from 45.6% to 18.0% in the validation cohorts in comparison to ACR TI-RADS. CONCLUSION The dual-modal SMI-based radiomics method is convenient and economical and can be an alternative to the dual-modal CEUS-based radiomics method in helping radiologists select the optimal clinical strategy for TN management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Yu Ren
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jian-Jun Lin
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, The First People's Hospital of Qinzhou, Qinzhou, China
| | - Wen-Zhi Lv
- Britton Chance Center and MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics-Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xian-Ya Zhang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xue-Qin Li
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Minda Hospital of Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, China
| | - Tong Xu
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yue-Xiang Peng
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Wuhan Third Hospital, Tongren Hospital of WuHan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Xiangyang First People's Hospital, affiliated with Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, China
| | - Xin-Wu Cui
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Zheng T, Xie X, Ni Z, Tang L, Wu PY, Song B. Quantitative evaluation of diffusion-weighted MRI for differentiating benign and malignant thyroid nodules larger than 4 cm. BMC Med Imaging 2023; 23:212. [PMID: 38093189 PMCID: PMC10720093 DOI: 10.1186/s12880-023-01141-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Our study aimed to diagnose benign or malignant thyroid nodules larger than 4 cm using quantitative diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) analysis. METHODS Eighty-two thyroid nodules were investigated retrospectively and divided them into benign (n = 62) and malignant groups (n = 20). We calculated quantitative features DWI and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) signal intensity standard deviation (DWISD and ADCSD), DWI and ADC signal intensity ratio (DWISIR and ADCSIR), mean ADC and minimum ADC value (ADCmean and ADCmin) and ADC value standard deviation (ADCVSD). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were conducted to identify independent predictors, and develop a prediction model. We performed receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis to determine the optimal threshold of risk factors, and constructed combined threshold models. Our study calculated diagnostic performance including area under the ROC curve (AUC), accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and unnecessary biopsy rate of all models were calculated and compared them with the American College of Radiology Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (ACR-TIRADS) result. RESULTS Two independent predictors of malignant nodules were identified by multivariate analysis: DWISIR (P = 0.007) and ADCmin (P < 0.001). The AUCs for multivariate prediction model, combined DWISIR and ADCmin thresholds model, combined DWISIR and ADCSIR thresholds model and ACR-TIRADS were 0.946 (0.896-0.996), 0.875 (0.759-0.991), 0.777 (0.648-0.907) and 0.722 (0.588-0.857). The combined DWISIR and ADCmin threshold model had the lowest unnecessary biopsy rate of 0%, compared with 56.3% for ACR-TIRADS. CONCLUSION Quantitative DWI demonstrated favorable malignant thyroid nodule diagnostic efficacy. The combined DWISIR and ADCmin thresholds model significantly reduced the unnecessary biopsy rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zheng
- Department of Radiology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, No 170, Xinsong Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 201199, China
| | - Xiaoli Xie
- Department of Pathology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, No 170, Xinsong Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 201199, China
| | - Zhaoxian Ni
- Department of General Surgery, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, No 170, Xinsong Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 201199, China
| | - Lang Tang
- Department of Ultrasound, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, No 170, Xinsong Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 201199, China
| | - Pu-Yeh Wu
- GE Healthcare, MR Research China, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Song
- Department of Radiology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, No 170, Xinsong Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 201199, China.
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Jiang L, Zhang D, Chen YN, Yu XJ, Pan MF, Lian L. The value of conventional ultrasound combined with superb microvascular imaging and color Doppler flow imaging in the diagnosis of thyroid malignant nodules: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1182259. [PMID: 37415660 PMCID: PMC10321595 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1182259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate and compare the value of conventional ultrasound-based superb microvascular imaging (SMI) and color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI) in the diagnosis of malignant thyroid nodule by meta-analysis. Methods The literature included in the Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Embase were searched by using " superb microvascular imaging (SMI), color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI), ultrasound, thyroid nodules" as the keywords from inception through February 1, 2023. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the clinical studies using SMI and CDFI to diagnose thyroid nodules were selected, and histopathology of thyroid nodules was used as reference standard. The diagnostic accuracy research quality assessment tool (QUADAS-2) was used to evaluate the quality of included literature, and the Review Manager 5.4 was used to make the quality evaluation chart. The heterogeneity test was performed on the literature that met the requirements, the combined sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, and negative likelihood ratio were pooled, and a comprehensive ROC curve analysis was performed. Meta-DiSc version 1.4, StataSE 12, and Review Manager 5.4 software were used. Results Finally, 13 studies were included in this meta-analysis. A total of 815 thyroid malignant nodules were assessed. All thyroid nodules were histologically confirmed after SMI or CDFI. The combined sensitivity, specificity, PLR, NLR, DOR, and area under the SROC curve of SMI for the diagnosis of malignant thyroid nodules were 0.80(95%CI: 0.77-0.83), 0.79(95%CI: 0.77-0.82), 4.37(95%CI: 3.0-6.36), 0.23(95%CI: 0.15-0.35), 22.29(95%CI: 12.18-40.78), and 0.8944, respectively; the corresponding values of CDFI were 0.62(95%CI: 0.57-0.67), 0.81(95%CI: 0.78-0.85), 3.33(95%CI: 2.18-5.07), 0.41(95%CI: 0.27-0.64), 8.93(95%CI: 3.96-20.16), and 0.8498. Deek funnel pattern showed no significant publication bias. Conclusion The diagnostic efficiency of SMI for malignant thyroid nodules is better than CDFI, and SMI technology can provide significantly more information on vascularity, make up for the deficiency of CDFI, and has better clinical application value. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO, identifier CRD42023402064.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Jiang
- Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Ultrasound, Suzhou Xiangcheng People’s Hospital, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dian Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, Suzhou Xiangcheng People’s Hospital, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yue-Nan Chen
- Department of Ultrasound, Suzhou Xiangcheng People’s Hospital, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xue-Juan Yu
- Department of Ultrasound, Suzhou Xiangcheng People’s Hospital, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mei-Fang Pan
- Department of Ultrasound, Suzhou Xiangcheng People’s Hospital, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lian Lian
- Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Oncology, Suzhou Xiangcheng People’s Hospital, Jiangsu, China
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5
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Luo H, Yin L. Diagnostic value of superb microvascular imaging and color doppler for thyroid nodules: A meta-analysis. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1029936. [PMID: 37091165 PMCID: PMC10113672 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1029936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
ObjectiveSuperb micro-vascular imaging (SMI) is a new noninvasive modality for the diagnosis of thyroid nodules. However, the performance of SMI in differentiating malignant and benign thyroid nodules has not been systematically evaluated. This meta-analysis was performed to assess the accuracy of SMI in diagnosing thyroid nodules.MethodsPubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, Sinomed, Scopus were searched. We recorded the characteristics of the included studies and assessed the quality of each study using the QUADAS-2 tool. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (LR), negative LR, diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and area under the curve (AUC) were calculated. We also evaluated the publication bias.ResultsThis meta-analysis included 10 studies with a total of 1083 thyroid nodules. The pooled the sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative LR were 0.84, 0.86, 6.2, and 0.18, respectively. The DOR and AUC were 33 and 0.91, respectively. Heterogeneity existed between the included studies. No significant publication bias was observed.ConclusionCompared with CDFI, Superb micro-vascular imaging (SMI) has higher diagnostic sensitivity and specificity, better diagnostic efficiency, and could be used to diagnose benign and malignant nodules in the display of blood flow distribution capabilities of thyroid nodules; at the same time, Fagan plot showed that the SMI technique had a good clinical application value, and it could supplement the deficiencies of color Doppler imaging in the diagnosis of thyroid nodules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haorou Luo
- Chengdu Women’s and Children’s Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lixue Yin
- Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- *Correspondence: Lixue Yin,
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Cai S, Xing H, Wang Y, Wang Y, Ma W, Jiang Y, Li J, Wang H. Intraoperative shear-wave elastography and superb microvascular imaging contribute to the glioma grading. J Clin Neurosci 2023; 110:92-99. [PMID: 36848737 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2023.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To explore the diagnostic value and feasibility of shear wave elastography and superb microvascular imaging in the grading diagnosis of glioma intraoperatively. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-nine patients with glioma were included in this study. B-mode ultrasonography, Young's modulus in shear-wave elastography (SWE) and vascular architecture in superb microvascular imaging(SMI) of tumor tissue and peritumoral tissue were analyzed. Receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve analysis was used to evaluate the diagnostic effect of SWE. Logistic regression model was used to calculate the prediction probability of HGG diagnosis. RESULTS Compared with LGG, HGG was often characterized by peritumoral edema in B mode (P < 0.05). There was a significant difference in Young's modulus between HGG and LGG; the diagnostic threshold of HGG and LGG was 13.05 kPa, the sensitivity was 78.3%, and the specificity was 76.9%. The vascular architectures of the tumor tissue and peritumoral tissues of HGG and LGG were significantly different (P < 0.05). The vascular architectures of peritumoral tissue in HGG often characterized by distorted blood flow signals surrounding the tumor (14/26,53.8%); in the tumor tissue, HGG often presents as dilated and bent vessels(19/26,73.1%). The elasticity value of SWE and the tumor vascular architectures of SMI were correlated with the diagnosis of HGG. CONCLUSION Intraoperative ultrasound (ioUS), especially SWE, and SMI are beneficial for the differentiation of HGG and LGG and may help optimize clinical surgical procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siman Cai
- Department of Diagnostic Ultrasound, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China.
| | - Hao Xing
- Department of Neurosurgery Department, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yuekun Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery Department, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China.
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery Department, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China.
| | - Wenbin Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery Department, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yuxin Jiang
- Department of Diagnostic Ultrasound, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China.
| | - Jianchu Li
- Department of Diagnostic Ultrasound, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China.
| | - Hongyan Wang
- Department of Diagnostic Ultrasound, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China.
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Yang J, Sun Y, Li X, Zhao Y, Han X, Chen G, Ding W, Li R, Wang J, Xiao F, Liu C, Xu S. Diagnostic performance of six ultrasound-based risk stratification systems in thyroid follicular neoplasm: A retrospective multi-center study. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1013410. [PMID: 36338713 PMCID: PMC9632336 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1013410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to compare the diagnostic performances of six commonly used ultrasound-based risk stratification systems for distinguishing follicular thyroid adenoma (FTA) from follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC), including the American Thyroid Association Sonographic Pattern System (ATASPS), ultrasound classification systems proposed by American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists, American College of Endocrinology, and Associazione Medici Endocrinology (AACE/ACE/AME), Korean thyroid imaging reporting and data system (K-TIRADS), European Thyroid Association for the imaging reporting and data system (EU-TIRADS), American College of Radiology for the imaging reporting and data system (ACR-TIRADS), and 2020 Chinese Guidelines for Ultrasound Malignancy Risk Stratification of Thyroid Nodules (C-TIRADS). A total of 225 FTA or FTC patients were retrospectively analyzed, involving 251 thyroid nodules diagnosed by postoperative pathological examinations in three centers from January 2013 to October 2021. The diagnostic performances of six ultrasound-based risk stratification systems for distinguishing FTA from FTC were assessed by plotting the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and compared at different cut-off values. A total of 205 (81.67%) cases of FTA and 46 (18.33%) cases of FTC were involved in the present study. Compared with those of FTA, FTC presented more typical ultrasound features of solid component, hypoechoic, irregular margin and sonographic halo (all P<0.001). There were no significant differences in ultrasound features of calcification, shape and comet-tail artifacts between cases of FTA and FTC. There was a significant difference in the category of thyroid nodules assessed by the six ultrasound-based risk stratification systems (P<0.001). The areas under the curve (AUCs) of ATASPS, AACE/ACE/AME, K-TIRADS, EU-TIRADS, ACR-TIRADS and C-TIRADS in distinguishing FTA from FTC were 0.645, 0.729, 0.766, 0.635, 0.783 and 0.798, respectively. Our study demonstrated that all the six ultrasound-based risk stratification systems present potential in the differential diagnosis of FTA and FTC. Specifically, C-TIRADS exerts the best diagnostic performance among the Chinese patients. ATASPS possesses a high sensitivity, while K-TIRADS possesses a high specificity in distinguishing FTA from FTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Yang
- Endocrine and Diabetes Center, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Endocrine and Diabetes Center, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Suqian Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Suqian, China
| | - Xingjia Li
- Endocrine and Diabetes Center, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Syndrome and Treatment of Yingbing of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yueting Zhao
- Endocrine and Diabetes Center, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xue Han
- Endocrine and Diabetes Center, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Guofang Chen
- Endocrine and Diabetes Center, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Syndrome and Treatment of Yingbing of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenbo Ding
- Department of Ultrasound, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruiping Li
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Fangsen Xiao
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- *Correspondence: Shuhang Xu, ; Fangsen Xiao,
| | - Chao Liu
- Endocrine and Diabetes Center, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Syndrome and Treatment of Yingbing of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuhang Xu
- Endocrine and Diabetes Center, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Shuhang Xu, ; Fangsen Xiao,
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Diagnostic Value of AngioPLUS Microvascular Imaging in Thyroid Nodule Diagnosis Using Quantitative and Qualitative Vascularity Grading. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10071554. [PMID: 35884858 PMCID: PMC9313421 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10071554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the diagnostic value of the Angio Planewave Ultrasensitive (AngioPLUS) Doppler ultrasound in improving the efficacy of grey scale ultrasound in thyroid nodule diagnosis. The EU TIRADS was used for the grey scale ultrasound assessment of 94 thyroid nodules. conventional Doppler and AngioPLUS Doppler ultrasound images were evaluated using qualitative vascularity grading, where predominant central vascularity indicated malignancy-suspicion, and quantitative regional vascularity assessment, where predominant peripheral vascularity using a ratio vascularity index (RVI) of > 1 indicated benign disease. Diagnostic performance outcomes of sole and combination approaches were calculated based on final pathologic results. Using sole EU TIRADS and AngioPLUS + power Doppler imaging (APDI) based on qualitative vascularity and RVI, the results were a sensitivity of 83.3% vs. 83.3 vs. 66.7% and a specificity of 50% vs. 81.3% vs. 73.4, respectively. EU TIRADS combined with APDI significantly improved the specificity using both qualitative vascularity and RVI assessment approaches (84.4% and 81%, respectively, p < 0.05); and slightly reduced the sensitivity (76.7% and 58.1%). For cytologically-equivocal thyroid nodules, the combination approach using qualitative vascularity assessment outperformed the EU TIRADS (sensitivity: both were 88.9%; specificity: 77.4% vs. 38.7%, p < 0.05; and AUROC: 0.83 vs. 0.62, p < 0.05). APDI combined with EU TIRADS is diagnostically efficient in stratifying thyroid nodules, particularly cytologically-equivocal nodules.
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Tang K, Liu M, Zhu Y, Zhang M, Niu C. The clinical application of ultrasonography with superb microvascular imaging-a review. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ULTRASOUND : JCU 2022; 50:721-732. [PMID: 35358353 DOI: 10.1002/jcu.23210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Superb microvascular imaging (SMI) is among the latest doppler ultrasound methods. It uses an advanced clutter filter to eliminate artifacts caused by breathing, movement and retains the low-speed blood signals in microvessels. The great advantage of SMI is that it can intuitively detect very slow blood signals in microvessels, providing clinicians with more significant information about flow distribution in the target area. Therefore, it is speculated that SMI has important application value. The purpose of this article is to outline the application of SMI in different parts of the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kui Tang
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnosis, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Minghui Liu
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnosis, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yun Zhu
- Department of Ultrasound Imaging, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnosis, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chengcheng Niu
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnosis, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Baek HS, Park JY, Jeong CH, Ha J, Kang MI, Lim DJ. Usefulness of Real-Time Quantitative Microvascular Ultrasonography for Differentiation of Graves' Disease from Destructive Thyroiditis in Thyrotoxic Patients. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2022; 37:323-332. [PMID: 35413779 PMCID: PMC9081314 DOI: 10.3803/enm.2022.1413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microvascular ultrasonography (MVUS) is a third-generation Doppler technique that was developed to increase sensitivity compared to conventional Doppler. The purpose of this study was to compare MVUS with conventional color Doppler (CD) and power Doppler (PD) imaging to distinguish Graves' disease (GD) from destructive thyroiditis (DT). METHODS This prospective study included 101 subjects (46 GDs, 47 DTs, and eight normal controls) from October 2020 to November 2021. All ultrasonography examinations were performed using microvascular flow technology (MV-Flow). The CD, PD, and MVUS images were semi-quantitatively graded according to blood flow patterns. On the MVUS images, vascularity indices (VIs), which were the ratio (%) of color pixels in the total grayscale pixels in a defined region of interest, were obtained automatically. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to verify the diagnostic performance of MVUS. The interclass correlation coefficient and Cohen's kappa analysis were used to analyze the reliability of MVUS (ClinicalTrials.gov:NCT04879173). RESULTS The area under the curve (AUC) for CD, PD, MVUS, and MVUS-VI was 0.822, 0.844, 0.808, and 0.852 respectively. The optimal cutoff value of the MVUS-VI was 24.95% for distinguishing GD and DT with 87% sensitivity and 80.9% specificity. We found a significant positive correlation of MVUS-VI with thyrotropin receptor antibody (r=0.554) and with thyroid stimulating immunoglobulin bioassay (r=0.841). MVUS showed high intra- and inter-observer reliability from various statistical method. CONCLUSION In a real time and quantitative manner, MVUS-VI could be helpful to differentiate GD from thyroiditis in thyrotoxic patients, with less inter-observer variability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Sang Baek
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji-Yeon Park
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chai-Ho Jeong
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Uijeongbu St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Uijeongbu, Korea
| | - Jeonghoon Ha
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Moo Il Kang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong-Jun Lim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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11
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Zhu C, Zhong L, Lin M, Tian C, Wang C. The value of TI-RADS combined with superb micro-vascular imagine in distinguishing benign and malignant thyroid nodules: A meta-analysis. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0261521. [PMID: 35041691 PMCID: PMC8765637 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the value of thyroid imaging report and data system (TI-RADS) combined with superb micro-vascular imagine technique(SMI) in distinguishing benign and malignant thyroid nodules. We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Chinese biomedical databases from inception through February 31, 2021. Meta-analysis was conducted using STATA version 14.0 and Meta-Disc version 1.4 softwares. We calculated the summary statistics for sensitivity(Sen), specificity(Spe), and receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve. Six studies that met all inclusion criteria were included in this meta-analysis. A total of 408 thyroid malignant nodules and 496 thyroid benign nodules were assessed. All thyroid nodules were histologically confirmed after SMI. The pooled Sen and Spe of TI-RADS were 0.80(95%CI = 0.71–0.87) and 0.82(95%CI = 0.75–0.87); The pooled Sen and Spe of TI-RADS combined with SMI were 0.88 (95%CI = 0.80–0.91) and 0.89 (95%CI = 0.85–0.92). The areas under the SROC curve of TI-RADS and TI-RADS combined with SMI were 0.8874(SE = 0.0165) and 0.9415(SE = 0.0102), between which there was significant difference(Z = 2.789; SE = 0.0194; p = 0.0053). Our meta-analysis indicates that TI-RADS combined with SMI may have high diagnostic accuracy, and is more effective than single TI-RADS in distinguishing benign and malignant thyroid nodules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changfu Zhu
- Ultrasound Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Lin Zhong
- Pathology Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Mingxin Lin
- Ultrasound Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Congliang Tian
- Pediatrics Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Cong Wang
- Ultrasound Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- * E-mail:
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12
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Hong MJ, Ahn HS, Ha SM, Park HJ, Oh J. Quantitative analysis of vascularity for thyroid nodules on ultrasound using superb microvascular imaging: Can nodular vascularity differentiate between malignant and benign thyroid nodules? Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e28725. [PMID: 35119020 PMCID: PMC8812680 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000028725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the utility of adding superb microvascular imaging (SMI) to B-mode ultrasound (US) for distinguishing between benign and malignant thyroid nodules and evaluate the usefulness of SMI quantification of nodular vascularity for diagnosing thyroid cancer.The malignancy likelihood was scored for 3 datasets before versus after additional color Doppler imaging or SMI using 4-scale visual analysis (i.e., B-mode US alone, B-mode US + color Doppler image, and B-mode US + SMI). Further, the SMI pixel count was measured in the region of interest, including the whole nodule, on the longitudinal view. It was compared between benign and malignant nodules and analyzed according to the US patterns of thyroid nodules based on the Korean thyroid imaging reporting and data system. We calculated the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve values, sensitivities, and specificities.There was no significant difference in the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve values among B-mode, B-mode + color Doppler, and B-mode + SMI. However, the SMI pixel count was significantly higher in malignant thyroid nodules than in benign ones. The optimal cut-off value for the SMI pixel count for predicting malignant thyroid nodules obtained using a receiver operating characteristic curve was 17 (40.54% in sensitivity, 91.3% in specificity). Analysis based on the US pattern of thyroid nodules revealed significant differences in the nodules with low-to-intermediate suspicious US features between malignant and benign nodules.Quantification analysis of vascularity using SMI can differentiate malignant thyroid nodules from benign ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Ji Hong
- Department of Radiology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Shin Ahn
- Department of Radiology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Min Ha
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jeong Park
- Department of Radiology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyun Oh
- Department of Radiology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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13
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Zhu YC, Zhang Y, Shan J, Deng SH, Shi XR, Jiang Q. Added Value of Superb Microvascular Imaging and Virtual Touch Imaging Quantification in Assisting Thyroid Cancer Classification. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2021; 47:3364-3371. [PMID: 34489133 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2021.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This prospective study determined the value added by superb microvascular imaging (SMI) and Virtual Touch imaging quantification (VTIQ) to conventional ultrasonography in classifying malignant and benign thyroid nodules. One hundred eighty-three thyroid nodules (TNs) in 120 patients (112 benign and 71 malignant TNs) were evaluated. SMI revealed noticeable variance between benign and malignant TNs (p < 0.001). Malignant nodules tended to have rich vascularity (grade 3: 38/71, 53.5%) compared with benign nodules (grade 3: 33/112, 29.5%). There is a statistically significant difference between malignant and benign TNs with respect to shear-wave speed (SWS) values (all p values <0.001). The SWS mean, maximum and ratio of malignant nodules were 3.97 ± 1.34, 4.79 ± 1.70 and 1.25 ± 0.39, respectively. The SWS mean, maximum and ratio of benign nodules were 2.65 ± 0.42, 2.97 ± 0.46 and 1.15 ± 0.35, respectively. With respect to area under the curve values, the combined use of SMI or VTIQ improved the diagnostic performance of classifying malignant and benign TNs compared with that of ultrasonography alone. The combination of three modalities achieved the greatest area under the curve values (0.9811, 95% confidence interval: 0.95529-1.000), followed by US + VTIQ (0.9747, 0.94543-1.000), US + SMI (0.9032, 0.85345-0.95391) and ultrasonography (0.8291, 0.76417-0.89403).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Cheng Zhu
- Department of Ultrasonography, Pudong New Area People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Ultrasonography, Pudong New Area People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Shan
- Department of Ultrasonography, Pudong New Area People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Shu-Hao Deng
- Department of Ultrasonography, Pudong New Area People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiu-Rong Shi
- Department of Ultrasonography, Pudong New Area People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China.
| | - Quan Jiang
- Department of Ultrasonography, Pudong New Area People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
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14
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Su J, Gao G, Xu H. Bibliometric analysis of research on thyroid ultrasonography. Gland Surg 2021; 10:3283-3293. [PMID: 35070888 PMCID: PMC8749082 DOI: 10.21037/gs-21-799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of thyroid diseases has increased, which may be partly related to the widespread use of thyroid ultrasound resulting in a large number of asymptomatic thyroid nodules to be found. Research has found that many thyroid ultrasound examinations are completely avoidable. However, the purpose of the present study was to use bibliometrics to analyze the relevant research literature of thyroid ultrasound and understand the overall status of the current research in this field. METHODS We searched the Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-E) database in the Web of Science Core Collection. Search terms were "ultrasonography" and "thyroid gland". The date range for the document search was from 1900 to May 10, 2021. Export the full record of the search results and the references in txt. format, and use the CiteSpace software to analyze the annual publication of literatures, the distribution of countries and institutions where the literatures came from, the distribution of journals and authors. The keywords used in the literature were also analyzed. RESULTS A total of 1,241 publications were included in the results, and the frequency of citations was 27,149. The top 5 countries for the number of publications published were the USA, Turkey, Italy, South Korea, and China; the top 5 countries by centrality were the USA, Germany, Italy, Canada, and China. The number of institution-published papers was generally low, and the centrality score was low. Research in this field was relatively scattered among institutions and cooperation between institutions was few. There was little collaboration between authors from different institutions. The most cited authors were mainly from European and North American countries. Journals, such as Thyroid, Journal of Clinical Ultrasound, and Journal of Endocrinological Investigation, had great influence in this field. Keyword analysis results showed that research is mainly focused on the differentiation of benign and malignant thyroid nodules. CONCLUSIONS There was an increase in thyroid ultrasound research, but there was few cooperation exist between institutions. The main research direction was the differentiation of benign and malignant thyroid nodules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Su
- Department of Ultrasonography, Jinan Central Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Guanghui Gao
- Deparment of Surgery, The Third Hospital of Jinan, Jinan, China
| | - Hongxia Xu
- Department of Ultrasonography, Jinan Central Hospital, Jinan, China
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15
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Studeny T, Kratzer W, Schmidberger J, Graeter T, Barth TFE, Hillenbrand A. Analysis of vascularization in thyroid gland nodes with superb microvascular imaging (SMI) and CD34 expression histology: a pilot study. BMC Med Imaging 2021; 21:159. [PMID: 34717558 PMCID: PMC8557585 DOI: 10.1186/s12880-021-00690-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Doppler sonography technique known as "superb microvascular imaging" (SMI) is advancing sonographic micro vascularization imaging in various disciplines. In this study, we aimed to determine whether SMI could reliably reproduce the blood flow in thyroid nodes and whether malignancy could be diagnosed, based on vascularization properties. Immunhistochemical staining by CD34 and SMI where used to determine the vascularization of nodes in terms of quantified vascularization parameters gained by computational evaluation. Methods We used image analysis programs to investigate whether the quantitative value for vascularization strength in the thyroid node, measured with SMI, was correlated with the actual degree of vascularization, determined microscopically. We included 16 patients that underwent thyroid resections. We prepared thyroid gland tissue slices for immunohistochemistry and labelled endothelial cells with CD34 to visualize blood vessels microscopically. We used image analysis programs, ImageJ, to quantify SMI Doppler sonographic measurements and CellProfiler to quantify CD34 expression in histological sections. We evaluated the numeric values for diagnostic value in node differentiation. Furthermore, we compared these values to check for correlations. Results Among the 16 nodes studied, three harboured malignant tumours (18.75%): two papillary and one follicular carcinoma. Among the 13 benign lesions (81.25%), four harboured follicular adenomas. Malignant and benign nodes were not significantly different in sonographic (0.88 ± 0.89 vs. 1.13 ± 0.19; p = 0.2790) or immunohistochemical measurements of vascularization strength (0.05 ± 0.05 vs. 0.08 ± 0.06; p = 0.2260). Conclusion We found a positive, significant correlation (r = 0.55588; p = 0.0254) between SMI (quantitative values for vascularization strength) and immunohistochemistry (CD34 staining) evaluations of thyroid nodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Studeny
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University Hospital, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Kratzer
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University Hospital, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081, Ulm, Germany.
| | - Julian Schmidberger
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University Hospital, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Tilmann Graeter
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Ulm University Hospital, Albert-Einstein-Alee 23, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Thomas F E Barth
- Institute of Pathology, Ulm University Hospital, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Andreas Hillenbrand
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Ulm University Hospital, Albert-Einstein-Alee 23, 89081, Ulm, Germany
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16
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Wu J, Jiang F, Lan X. Application of Superb Microvascular Imaging in the Diagnosis of Vascular Erectile Dysfunction. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL IMAGING AND HEALTH INFORMATICS 2021. [DOI: 10.1166/jmihi.2021.3771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
To compare the difference between superb microvascular imaging (SMI) and color doppler flow imaging (CDFI) on vascular grading and blood flow display rate of the penile cavernous artery of vascular erectile dysfunction (ED), and to evaluate the length of time to obtain blood flow spectrum.
68 patients with ED were preformed for the examination of SMI and CDFI. The difference between the two techniques on vascular grading and blood flow display rate were compared. Hemodynamic parameters, namely peak systolic velocity (PSV), end diastolic velocity (EDV), and resistant index (RI)
and the length of time obtained blood flow spectrum were compared. SMI was more sensitive to assess vascular grading and blood flow display rate than CDFI (P < 0.05). Hemodynamic parameters (PSV, EDV, and RI) measured by SMI and CDFI were well correlated (r = 0.981, P
< 0.001; r = 0.879, P < 0.001; r = 0.937, P < 0.001). The duration of time necessary obtained the spectrums of grade 3 and grade 4 blood flow was shorter than that of grade 1 and grade 2, and SMI was comparatively shorter than CDFI (P < 0.05).
In conclusion, SMI detected the blood flow of the penile cavernous artery better and maked the examination time shorter than CDFI, which can be considered as a more effective technique to diagnose vascular ED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wu
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 230601, China
| | - Fan Jiang
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 230601, China
| | - Xiaofeng Lan
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 230601, China
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Cai S, Wang H, Zhang X, Zhang L, Zhu Q, Sun Q, Li J, Jiang Y. Superb Microvascular Imaging Technology Can Improve the Diagnostic Efficiency of the BI-RADS System. Front Oncol 2021; 11:634752. [PMID: 34249681 PMCID: PMC8263934 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.634752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To explore whether superb microvascular imaging (SMI)SMI can improve the diagnostic efficiency by evaluating the vascular index (VI) and vascular architecture (VA) in breast lesions. METHODS This is a retrospective study of data collected prospectively for research use. Taking 225 consecutive cases of breast lesions from November 2016 to December 2017 as a training set, the VI values and VA types of benign and malignant lesions were calculated based on the pathological results. Taking 238 consecutive cases of breast lesions from January 2018 to October 2018 as the verification set, the diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated to compare the diagnostic efficacy. RESULTS The training set included 225 breast lesions and the validation set 238 breast lesions. The VI value in the malignant group (10.3 ± 8.0) was significantly higher than that in the benign group (4.3 ± 5.0)(P<0.001). A VI value of 4.05 was used as the diagnostic threshold for differentiating benign from malignant lesions, with a sensitivity of 80.5%, a specificity of 61.9%, an accuracy of 71.1%, a PPV of 62.9%, a NPV of 76.9%, and an area under the curve of 0.758 (0.696-0.819). There was a significant difference in the types of benign and malignant VA (P < 0.001), and the PPV of the root hair-like and crab claw-like VAs were 93.9% and 100.0%, respectively. The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, PPV, NPV and area under the AUC curve were 58.0%, 98.2%, 97.0%, 70.3% and 0.781, respectively (95%CI: 0.719-0.844). SMI combined with conventional ultrasound improved the diagnostic specificity (70.0% vs. 90.0%), accuracy (87.4% vs. 96.6%), and PPV (82.5% vs. 93.2%) without decreasing the diagnostic sensitivity (99.3%), yielded higher diagnostic performance with the area under the ROC curve was 0.941 (95%CI: 0904-0.979) compared with conventional US alone (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION A VI value 4.05 is a cut-off value with good diagnostic efficacy. The residual root-like and crab claw-like VAs are the characteristic VAs of malignant lesions. Conventional ultrasound combined with the VI and VA can improve the diagnostic specificity, accuracy and PPV without reducing the diagnostic sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siman Cai
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hongyan Wang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qingli Zhu
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Sun
- Department of Breast Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jianchu Li
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yuxin Jiang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Fu Z, Zhang J, Lu Y, Wang S, Mo X, He Y, Wang C, Chen H. Clinical Applications of Superb Microvascular Imaging in the Superficial Tissues and Organs: A Systematic Review. Acad Radiol 2021; 28:694-703. [PMID: 32418782 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2020.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Superb microvascular imaging (SMI) is an innovative Doppler technique for vascular examination. It uses an intelligent algorithm that efficiently separates low-speed flow signals from motion artifacts so that it can assess microvessels and the vessel distribution in detail. This article reviews the clinical applications of SMI in the disorders of superficial tissues and organs including thyroid nodules, breast tumors and lymph node diseases etc. More information of diseases that are closely associated with angiogenesis can be shown by SMI than other noninvasive examinations. Although some limitations exist, this safe and convenient technique is becoming acceptable and would play a more important role in disease diagnosis and therapeutic responses evaluation.
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19
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Kılınçer A, Durmaz MS, Kıraç CO, Baldane S, Ateş F, Batur A. Evaluation of parenchymal vascularity of the thyroid gland with vascularization index by color superb microvascular imaging in patients with Graves' disease. J Ultrason 2021; 21:41-47. [PMID: 33796339 PMCID: PMC8010367 DOI: 10.15557/jou.2021.0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim of the study To determine the parenchymal vascularity of the thyroid gland with color superb microvascular imaging in patients with Graves’ disease, and compare the vascularization index values with healthy subjects. Materials and methods The thyroid glands of 37 patients whose laboratory and clinical findings were consistent with Graves’ disease, and 40 asymptomatic subjects with normal laboratory values, were examined using color superb microvascular imaging. Measurements of the vascularization index were performed with a free region of interest which was drawn along the outer margin of the gland on the color superb microvascular imaging mode. The vascularization index values obtained in the Graves’ disease and control groups were compared. A correlation analysis was performed between the vascularization index values and laboratory and grayscale US parameters. Results The median vascularization index value of the thyroid parenchyma in patients with Graves’ disease was significantly higher than in the asymptomatic group [median (min–max); 12 (2.3–32.1) vs 5.04 (1.1–10.8), p <0.001]. When the cutoff value of the vascularization index is determined as 6.3, Graves’ disease can be diagnosed with 83.8% sensitivity and 70% specificity. Conclusions The vascularization index obtained with color superb microvascular imaging can be a quantitative indicator of parenchymal vascularity in the diagnosis of Graves’ disease, and serve as a supportive tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abidin Kılınçer
- Department of Radiology, Selçuk University School of Medicine, Konya, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Sedat Durmaz
- Department of Radiology, Selçuk University School of Medicine, Konya, Turkey
| | - Cem Onur Kıraç
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Selçuk University School of Medicine, Konya, Turkey
| | - Süleyman Baldane
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Selçuk University School of Medicine, Konya, Turkey
| | - Fatih Ateş
- Department of Radiology, Selçuk University School of Medicine, Konya, Turkey
| | - Abdüssamet Batur
- Department of Radiology, Selçuk University School of Medicine, Konya, Turkey
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Reginelli A, Vacca G, Belfiore M, Sangiovanni A, Nardone V, Vanzulli A, Grassi R, Cappabianca S. Pitfalls and differential diagnosis on adrenal lesions: current concepts in CT/MR imaging: a narrative review. Gland Surg 2021; 9:2331-2342. [PMID: 33447584 DOI: 10.21037/gs-20-559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this pictorial essay is to review the imaging findings of adrenal lesions. Adrenal lesions could be divided into functioning or non-functioning masses, primary or metastatic, and benign or malignant. Imaging techniques have undergone significant advances in recent years. The most significant objective of adrenal imaging is represented by the detection and, when possible, characterization of adrenal lesions in order to direct patient management correctly. The detection and management of adrenal lesions is based on cross-sectional imaging obtained with non-contrast CT (tumour density), contrast-enhanced CT including delayed washout (either absolute percentage washout or relative percentage one) and finally with MR chemical shift analysis (loss of signal intensity between in-phase and out-of-phase images including both qualitative and quantitative estimates of signal loss). The small incidental adrenal nodules are benign, in most of cases; some tumors such as lipid-rich adenoma and myelolipoma have characteristic features that can be diagnosed accurately in CT. On contrary, if the presenting contrast-enhanced CT shows an adrenal mass with uncertain or malignant morphologic features, particularly in patients with a known history of malignancy, further evaluations should be considered. The most significative implications for radiologists are represented by how to assess risk of malignancy on imaging and what follow-up to indicate if an adrenal incidentaloma is not surgically removed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Reginelli
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanna Vacca
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Mariapaola Belfiore
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Angelo Sangiovanni
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Valerio Nardone
- Unit of Radiation Oncology, Ospedale del Mare, Naples, Italy
| | - Angelo Vanzulli
- Department of Radiology, University "La Statale" of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Grassi
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Salvatore Cappabianca
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
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21
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The value of TI-RADS combined with superb microvascular imaging in distinguishing thyroid nodules: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0245035. [PMID: 33411820 PMCID: PMC7790367 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background As a novel ultrasonic technique, superb microvascular imaging (SMI) can quickly, simply and noninvasively observe the microvascular distribution in a tumor and evaluate the microvascular perfusion. Previous studies have shown that SMI can detect the blood flow signals of neovascularization in tumors and increase the sensitivity for detecting thyroid cancer. However, the results of these studies have been contradictory, and the sample sizes were too small. Therefore, the present meta-analysis will aim at evaluating the value of a thyroid imaging report and data system (TI-RADS) combined with SMI in distinguishing between benign and malignant thyroid nodules. Methods We will search PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, and Chinese biomedical databases from their inceptions to the June 31, 2020. Two authors will independently carry out searching literature records; scanning titles, abstracts, and full texts; collecting data; and assessing risk of bias. Review Manager 5.2 and Stata14.0 software will be used for data analysis. Results This systematic review will evaluate the value of TI-RADS combined with SMI in distinguishing between benign and malignant thyroid nodules. Systematic review registration INPLASY202070113.
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22
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Gentili F, Guerrini S, Mazzei FG, Monteleone I, Di Meglio N, Sansotta L, Perrella A, Puglisi S, De Filippo M, Gennaro P, Volterrani L, Castagna MG, Dotta F, Mazzei MA. Dual energy CT in gland tumors: a comprehensive narrative review and differential diagnosis. Gland Surg 2020; 9:2269-2282. [PMID: 33447579 DOI: 10.21037/gs-20-543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Dual energy CT (DECT)with image acquisition at two different photon X-ray levels allows the characterization of a specific tissue or material/elements, the extrapolation of virtual unenhanced and monoenergetic images, and the quantification of iodine uptake; such special capabilities make the DECT the perfect technique to support oncological imaging for tumor detection and characterization and treatment monitoring, while concurrently reducing the dose of radiation and iodine and improving the metal artifact reduction. Even though its potential in the field of oncology has not been fully explored yet, DECT is already widely used today thanks to the availability of different CT technologies, such as dual-source, single-source rapid-switching, single-source sequential, single-source twin-beam and dual-layer technologies. Moreover DECT technology represents the future of the imaging innovation and it is subject to ongoing development that increase according its clinical potentiality, in particular in the field of oncology. This review points out recent state-of-the-art in DECT applications in gland tumors, with special focus on its potential uses in the field of oncological imaging of endocrine and exocrine glands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Gentili
- Unit of Diagnostic Imaging, Department of Radiological Sciences, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
| | - Susanna Guerrini
- Unit of Diagnostic Imaging, Department of Radiological Sciences, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
| | - Francesco Giuseppe Mazzei
- Unit of Diagnostic Imaging, Department of Radiological Sciences, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
| | - Ilaria Monteleone
- Unit of Diagnostic Imaging, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neuro Sciences and of Radiological Sciences, University of Siena, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
| | - Nunzia Di Meglio
- Unit of Diagnostic Imaging, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neuro Sciences and of Radiological Sciences, University of Siena, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
| | - Letizia Sansotta
- Unit of Diagnostic Imaging, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neuro Sciences and of Radiological Sciences, University of Siena, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
| | - Armando Perrella
- Unit of Diagnostic Imaging, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neuro Sciences and of Radiological Sciences, University of Siena, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
| | - Sara Puglisi
- Unit of Radiology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Massimo De Filippo
- Unit of Radiology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Paolo Gennaro
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Siena, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
| | - Luca Volterrani
- Unit of Diagnostic Imaging, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neuro Sciences and of Radiological Sciences, University of Siena, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Castagna
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neuro Sciences, University of Siena, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
| | - Francesco Dotta
- Unit of Diabetology, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neuro Sciences, University of Siena, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
| | - Maria Antonietta Mazzei
- Unit of Diagnostic Imaging, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neuro Sciences and of Radiological Sciences, University of Siena, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
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23
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Martino M, Fodor D, Fresilli D, Guiban O, Rubini A, Cassoni A, Ralli M, De Vincentiis C, Arduini F, Celletti I, Pacini P, Polti G, Polito E, Greco A, Valentini V, Sorrenti S, D'Andrea V, Masciocchi C, Barile A, Cantisani V. Narrative review of multiparametric ultrasound in parotid gland evaluation. Gland Surg 2020; 9:2295-2311. [PMID: 33447581 DOI: 10.21037/gs-20-530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Disorders affecting parotid gland represent a heterogeneous group comprising congenital, inflammatory and neoplastic diseases which show a focal or diffuse pattern of appearance. The differentiation of neoplastic from non-neoplastic conditions of parotid glands is pivotal for the diagnostic imaging. Frequently there is evidence of overlapping between the clinical and the imaging appearance of the various pathologies. The parotid gland is also often object of study with the combination of different techniques [ultrasound-computed tomography-magnetic resonance imaging (US-CT-MRI), ex.]. Compared to other dominant methods of medical imaging, US has several advantages providing images in real-time at lower cost, and without harmful use of ionizing radiation and of contrast enhancement. B-mode US, and the microvascular pattern color Doppler are usually used as first step evaluation of parotid lesions. Elastography and contrast-enhanced US (CEUS) has opened further possible perspectives to improve the differentiation between benign and malignant parotid lesions. The characterization of the parotid tumors plays a crucial role for their treatment planning and for the prediction of possible surgical complications. We present, here an updated review of the most recurrent pathologies of parotid gland focusing on the diagnostic power of multiparametric US including CEUS and ultrasound elastography (USE); limitations, advantages and the main key-points will be presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milvia Martino
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Daniela Fodor
- 2nd Internal Medicine Department, "Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Daniele Fresilli
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Pathology, Policlinico Umberto I "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Olga Guiban
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Pathology, Policlinico Umberto I "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Cassoni
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Policlinico Umberto I "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Ralli
- Department of Sense Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Federico Arduini
- Department of Radiology, Ospedale Santa Maria del Carmine, Rovereto, Italy
| | - Ilaria Celletti
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Pathology, Policlinico Umberto I "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Patrizia Pacini
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Pathology, Policlinico Umberto I "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgia Polti
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Pathology, Policlinico Umberto I "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora Polito
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Pathology, Policlinico Umberto I "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Greco
- Department of Sense Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentino Valentini
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Policlinico Umberto I "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Salvatore Sorrenti
- Department of Surgical Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Vito D'Andrea
- Department of Surgical Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Masciocchi
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Antonio Barile
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Vito Cantisani
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Pathology, Policlinico Umberto I "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Ozturk M, Durmaz MS, Ateş F, Kara T, Durmaz FG, Akyürek N. Assessment of thyroid gland vascularity with superb microvascular imaging in healthy children and its relationship with potential factors. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2020; 33:1139-1145. [PMID: 32809960 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2020-0224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Objectives To define thyroid gland vascularity index (VI) values in healthy children with the superb microvascular imaging (SMI) method and to assess whether or not there is a correlation with potential factors that may affect these values. Methods This prospective study included a total of 138 children, their ages varying from 3-17 years. Cases were divided into three subgroups according to age: 3-6, 7-12 and 13-17 years. Gender, age, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (fT4) values were recorded. Volume and SMI measurements were performed with a 14 L5 mHz linear transducer. VI measurements were performed in the transverse and longitudinal planes and correlation with basic descriptive data was researched. Results Mean age was 11.14 ± 3.34 years and BMI was 19.95 ± 4.92. VI values were 4.59 ± 2.34 in the right lobe and 4.23 ± 2.73 for the left lobe, with no significant difference identified. There were no significant differences in mean VI for all parenchyma regarding gender and age groups. While there was no correlation identified with mean VI for all parenchyma with TSH and fT4, there was, however, a negative correlation with BMI. Conclusions Reference VI values for normal thyroid glands in healthy children and adolescents were defined with the SMI method. There was no correlation between the VI values and age, gender, volume, TSH and fT4 values, while there was a negative significant correlation with BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Ozturk
- Selcuk University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology, Alaeddin Keykubat Yerleşkesi, Akademi Mah, Konya, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Sedat Durmaz
- Selcuk University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology, Alaeddin Keykubat Yerleşkesi, Akademi Mah, Konya, Turkey
| | - Fatih Ateş
- Selcuk University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology, Alaeddin Keykubat Yerleşkesi, Akademi Mah, Konya, Turkey
| | - Turgay Kara
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Sutçu Imam University, Kahramanmaraş, Turkey
| | | | - Nesibe Akyürek
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Training and Research Hospital, Health Sciences University, Konya, Turkey
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25
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Guazzaroni M, Ferrari D, Lamacchia F, Marisi V, Tatulli D, Marsico S, Orlacchio A, Floris R, Bianchi L, Dattola A. Shear wave elastography and microvascular ultrasound in response evaluation to calcipotriol+betamethasone foam in plaque psoriasis. Postgrad Med J 2020; 97:16-22. [PMID: 32646970 DOI: 10.1136/postgradmedj-2020-138150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Psoriasis (PsO) is a chronic skin disease. This study aims to evaluate clinical and subclinical response to calcipotriol+betamethasone foam, in patients with PsO, comparing, for the first time, data from microvascular ultrasound (MicroV) and shear wave elastography (SWE) with Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI). METHODS Between November 2018 and April 2019 in Tor Vergata Hospital (Roma, Italy), we enrolled 26 patients with PsO who were ageds 20-75 years, with PASI score ≥4, candidated for calcipotriol+betamethasone foam treatment. They underwent MicroV and SWE evaluation at baseline (T0) and after 4 weeks of treatment (T4). Clinical follow-up was carried on at T4, T8 and T12. Student's t-test (p values<0.05 statistically significant) was used to compare SWE and PASI values. RESULTS At T0, SWE stiffness values of target plaques (61.5% on elbows, 23% knees, 7.7% sacrum,7.7% legs) were significantly higher than values under healthy skin. At T4, all patients showed a significant reduction of PASI; MicroV showed reduction in vascularisation of responsive plaques in 85% of cases, only in 15%, the vascularisation degree remained stable; and SWE values of target plaques were significantly lower compared with T0. Only in 7.7%, there was a relapse at T12. CONCLUSIONS Calcipotriol+betamethasone foam is a very effective topical treatment in a short-medium term follow-up in patients with PsO. MicroV and SWE evaluate response to treatment (in term of plaque vascularisation and stiffness), so they could represent promising early indicators of therapeutic response and help the physician to establish a better clinical-therapeutic management of patients with PsO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manlio Guazzaroni
- Department of Surgical Science, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
| | - Donatella Ferrari
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, UOC of Diagnostic Imaging, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
| | - Feliciana Lamacchia
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, UOC of Diagnostic Imaging, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
| | - Vanessa Marisi
- Department of Dermatology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
| | - Doriana Tatulli
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, UOC of Diagnostic Imaging, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
| | - Salvatore Marsico
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, UOC of Diagnostic Imaging, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
| | - Antonio Orlacchio
- Department of Surgical Science, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
| | - Roberto Floris
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, UOC of Diagnostic Imaging, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
| | - Luca Bianchi
- Department of Dermatology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
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Zhao L, Mu J, Mao Y, Xin X. Diagnostic Value of Superb Microvascular Imaging in Parotid Tumors. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e921813. [PMID: 32507848 PMCID: PMC7297036 DOI: 10.12659/msm.921813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical diagnostic value of superb microvascular imaging (SMI) in assessing vascular distribution, vascularity, and vessel morphology of parotid tumors (PTs). Material/Methods PT patients confirmed by postoperative histopathological detection and who underwent color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI), microvascular imaging (MVI), and SMI examination were recruited. PTs were classified into 3 groups: pleomorphic adenoma (PA), Warthin tumor (WT), and malignant PT (MT). The tumor vascular distribution, vascularity, and vessel morphology recorded by CDFI, MVI, and SMI were compared among PA, WT, and MT group. PT diagnosis was performed using histopathological detection. Fisher’s exact test was used to compare the diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value (NPV), positive predictive value (PPV), and accuracy between SMI and MVI examination in PTs. Results We enrolled 198 PTs consisting of 114 PAs, 56 WTs, and 28 MTs into our study. CDFI examination found no significant differences in vascular distribution and vascularity among the PA, WT, and WT groups. SMI examination found significant differences in vascular distribution and vascularity among the 3 groups. MVI found significant differences in vessel morphology, including uneven distribution of blood flow, arborization, and irregular blood flow among the PA, WT, and MT groups. SMI found significant differences in arborization and irregular blood flow, but none of the differences in uneven distribution of blood flow among the 3 groups were significant. The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of SMI and MVI in PTs showed no significant differences. Conclusions SMI more accurately evaluated the vascular distribution and vascularity of PTs than CDFI. SMI might be a potential non-invasive diagnostic method for PTs in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihui Zhao
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnosis and Treatment, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China (mainland).,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China (mainland)
| | - Jie Mu
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnosis and Treatment, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China (mainland).,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China (mainland)
| | - Yiran Mao
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnosis and Treatment, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China (mainland).,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China (mainland)
| | - Xiaojie Xin
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnosis and Treatment, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China (mainland).,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China (mainland)
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Update on thyroid ultrasound: a narrative review from diagnostic criteria to artificial intelligence techniques. Chin Med J (Engl) 2020; 132:1974-1982. [PMID: 31348028 PMCID: PMC6708700 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000000346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Ultrasound imaging is well known to play an important role in the detection of thyroid disease, but the management of thyroid ultrasound remains inconsistent. Both standardized diagnostic criteria and new ultrasound technologies are essential for improving the accuracy of thyroid ultrasound. This study reviewed the global guidelines of thyroid ultrasound and analyzed their common characteristics for basic clinical screening. Advances in the application of a combination of thyroid ultrasound and artificial intelligence (AI) were also presented. Data sources An extensive search of the PubMed database was undertaken, focusing on research published after 2001 with keywords including thyroid ultrasound, guideline, AI, segmentation, image classification, and deep learning. Study selection Several types of articles, including original studies and literature reviews, were identified and reviewed to summarize the importance of standardization and new technology in thyroid ultrasound diagnosis. Results Ultrasound has become an important diagnostic technique in thyroid nodules. Both standardized diagnostic criteria and new ultrasound technologies are essential for improving the accuracy of thyroid ultrasound. In the standardization, since there are no global consensus exists, common characteristics such as a multi-feature diagnosis, the performance of lymph nodes, explicit indications of fine needle aspiration, and the diagnosis of special populations should be focused on. Besides, evidence suggests that AI technique has a good effect on the unavoidable limitations of traditional ultrasound, and the combination of diagnostic criteria and AI may lead to a great promotion in thyroid diagnosis. Conclusion Standardization and development of novel techniques are key factors to improving thyroid ultrasound, and both should be considered in normal clinical use.
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Yang X, Zhai D, Zhang T, Zhang S. Use of strain ultrasound elastography versus fine-needle aspiration cytology for the differential diagnosis of thyroid nodules: a retrospective analysis. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2020; 75:e1594. [PMID: 32578823 PMCID: PMC7297517 DOI: 10.6061/clinics/2020/e1594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Fine-needle aspiration cytology is the risk stratification tool for thyroid nodules, and ultrasound elastography is not routinely used for the differential diagnosis of thyroid cancer. The current study aimed to compare the diagnostic parameters of ultrasound elastography and fine-needle aspiration cytology, using surgical pathology as the reference standard. METHODS In total, 205 patients with abnormal thyroid function test results underwent ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology on the basis of the American College of Radiology Thyroid Imaging-Reporting and Data System classification and strain ultrasound elastography according to the ASTERIA criteria. Histopathological examination of the surgical specimens was performed according to the 2017 World Health Organization classification system. Moreover, a beneficial score analysis for each modality was conducted. RESULTS Of 265 nodules, 212 measured ≥1 cm. The strain index value increased from benign to malignant nodules, and the presence of autoimmune thyroid diseases did not affect the results (p>0.05 for all categories). The sensitivities of histopathological examination, ultrasound elastography, and fine-needle aspiration cytology for detection of nodules measuring ≥1 cm were 1, 1, and 0.97, respectively. The working area for detecting nodule(s) in a single image was similar between strain ultrasound elastography and fine-needle aspiration cytology for highly and moderately suspicious nodules. However, for mildly suspicious, unsuspicious, and benign nodules, the working area for detecting nodule(s) in a single image was higher in strain ultrasound elastography than in fine-needle aspiration cytology. CONCLUSION Strain ultrasound elastography for highly and moderately suspicious nodules facilitated the detection of mildly suspicious, unsuspicious, and benign nodules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianghua Yang
- Department of Doppler Ultrasonil, Xingtai People’s Hospital, Xingtai, Hebei, China, 054001
- *Corresponding author. E-mail:
| | - Dongcai Zhai
- Department of Doppler Ultrasonil, Xingtai People’s Hospital, Xingtai, Hebei, China, 054001
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Doppler Ultrasonil, Xingtai People’s Hospital, Xingtai, Hebei, China, 054001
| | - Shenjie Zhang
- Department of Doppler Ultrasonil, Xingtai People’s Hospital, Xingtai, Hebei, China, 054001
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Xie X, Yu Y. Effect of the location and size of thyroid nodules on the diagnostic performance of ultrasound elastography: A retrospective analysis. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2020; 75:e1720. [PMID: 32578824 PMCID: PMC7297523 DOI: 10.6061/clinics/2020/e1720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsies are recommended for the detection of suspicious thyroid nodules. However, the best approach regarding suspicious ultrasound features for thyroid nodules is still unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of location and size of thyroid nodules on the diagnostic performance of strain ultrasound elastography. In addition, this study evaluated whether ultrasound elastography predicts malignancy in thyroid nodules. METHODS Data regarding the size, depth, and distance from the carotid artery of nodules, the elasticity contrast index, and the nature of nodules were analyzed. RESULTS There was no significant difference in the depth (p=0.092) and the distance from the carotid artery (p=0.061) between benign and suspicious nodules. Suspicious nodules were smaller than benign nodules (p<0.0001, q=23.84) and had a higher elasticity contrast index (p<0.0001, q=21.05). The depth of nodules and the size of the nodule were not associated with the correct value of the elasticity contrast index (p>0.05 for both). The diagnostic performance of ultrasound elastography was not affected by the distance of the nodules from the carotid artery if they were located ≥15 mm from the carotid artery (p=0.5960). However, if the suspicious nodules were located <15 mm from the carotid artery, the diagnostic accuracy was hampered (p=0.006). CONCLUSIONS The strain ultrasound elastography should be carefully evaluated when small thyroid nodules are located near the carotid artery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Xie
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China, 230022
| | - Yongqiang Yu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China, 230022
- *Corresponding author. E-mail:
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30
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Jiang ZZ, Huang YH, Shen HL, Liu XT. Clinical Applications of Superb Microvascular Imaging in the Liver, Breast, Thyroid, Skeletal Muscle, and Carotid Plaques. JOURNAL OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE 2019; 38:2811-2820. [PMID: 30953387 DOI: 10.1002/jum.15008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This article reviews the clinical applications of Superb Microvascular Imaging (SMI; Canon Medical Systems, Otawara, Japan) in the liver, breast, thyroid, skeletal muscle, and carotid plaques. Diseases that are closely associated with angiogenesis can be diagnosed by SMI in a relatively early phase, and using SMI can prevent adverse reactions associated with the contrast agents used in contrast-enhanced ultrasound. Super Microvascular Imaging also shows particular value in grading disease activities and monitoring therapeutic responses. Although SMI has some limitations, such as a lack of clinical standards, it can add information to conventional ultrasound examinations and may become a noninvasive alternative to invasive diagnostic procedures for many clinical conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Zhen Jiang
- Department of Ultrasound, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Shaoxing, China
| | - Yan-Hua Huang
- Department of Ultrasound, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Shaoxing, China
| | - Hua-Liang Shen
- Department of Ultrasound, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Shaoxing, China
| | - Xia-Tian Liu
- Department of Ultrasound, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Shaoxing, China
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31
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Sim JK, Lee JY, Hong HS. Differentiation Between Malignant and Benign Lymph Nodes: Role of Superb Microvascular Imaging in the Evaluation of Cervical Lymph Nodes. JOURNAL OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE 2019; 38:3025-3036. [PMID: 30945325 DOI: 10.1002/jum.15010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to assess the value of Superb Microvascular Imaging (SMI; Canon Medical Systems, Otawara, Japan) for distinguishing between benign and malignant cervical lymph nodes (LNs) and to compare SMI with power Doppler ultrasound (PDUS). METHODS Power Doppler ultrasound and SMI examinations were performed for patients' cervical LNs. The distribution of feeding vessels, number, and appearance of internal vessels were analyzed by 2 readers, and the results of PDUS and SMI were compared. Interobserver agreement was assessed. A subgroup analysis was performed to assess differences in vascular patterns between metastasis and tuberculous lymphadenitis and between Kikuchi disease and lymphoma. The diagnostic performance for distinguishing between benign and malignant LNs was calculated. RESULTS In total, 147 patients with 147 cervical LNs (85 benign and 62 malignant) were assessed. Interobserver agreement was moderate to strong for SMI. There were significant differences in the vascular patterns between benign and malignant LNs on SMI (distribution, number, and appearance, all P < .001), but not on PDUS. In the subgroup analysis, SMI showed a significant difference in the vascular patterns observed between metastasis and tuberculous lymphadenitis (distribution, P = .012; number, P = .014; and appearance, P = .005). Superb Microvascular Imaging detected significantly greater numbers of vessels in lymphoma than in Kikuchi disease (P = .012). The sensitivity of SMI was significantly greater than that of PDUS in distinguishing malignant from benign LNs (86.9% versus 54.1%; P < .001). CONCLUSIONS Superb Microvascular Imaging yields more detailed information about nodal vessels than does PDUS by enabling visualization of small nodal vessels. Superb Microvascular Imaging is useful and feasible for differentiating between malignant and benign cervical LNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joo Kyung Sim
- Department of Radiology, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Ji Ye Lee
- Department of Radiology, Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Sook Hong
- Department of Radiology, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
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Chen L, Zhan J, Diao XH, Liu YC, Shi YX, Chen Y, Zhan WW. Additional Value of Superb Microvascular Imaging for Thyroid Nodule Classification with the Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2019; 45:2040-2048. [PMID: 31130409 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Superb microvascular imaging (SMI) is an innovative vascular imaging technique for ultrasound (US). Compared with conventional color Doppler imaging (CDI) and power Doppler imaging (PDI), SMI can detect more blood flow in thyroid nodules. In this study, a total of 203 thyroid nodules (160 benign nodules, 43 malignant nodules) in 195 patients were assessed with the Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TI-RADS) published by the American College of Radiology in 2017) and SMI. With TI-RADS alone, 24 (15.0%), 76 (47.5%), 65 (40.6%) and 39 (24.4%) thyroid nodules were classified as TR2, TR3, TR4 and TR5, respectively. However, with the combination of TI-RADS and SMI, 31 (19.4%), 79 (49.4%), 44 (27.5%) and 49 (30.6%) thyroid nodules were classified as TR2, TR3, TR4 and TR5, respectively. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curves for the combination (0.952) was larger than that for TI-RADS alone (0.883) (Z = 3.478, p = 0.001). The efficiency of TI-RADS alone and the TI-RADS + SMI combination in diagnosing thyroid nodules was determined for all except TR2 nodules. Although no significant differences between the methods were observed for TR3 and TR5 thyroid nodules (p > 0.05), the diagnostic efficiency of TI-RADS + SMI for TR4 thyroid nodules was higher than that of TI-RADS alone for TR4 nodules (p < 0.05). This study indicated that the vascularity of thyroid nodules can be well characterized using SMI, and the combined use of gray-scale US and SMI can improve the diagnostic performance of TI-RADS for TR4 thyroid nodules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Chen
- Department of Ultrasound, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Ultrasound, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University Medical School, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Zhan
- Department of Ultrasound, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xue-Hong Diao
- Department of Ultrasound, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying-Chun Liu
- Department of Ultrasound, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Xin Shi
- Department of Ultrasound, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Department of Ultrasound, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Wei-Wei Zhan
- Department of Ultrasound, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University Medical School, Shanghai, China
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Alis D, Erol BC, Akbas S, Barut K, Kasapcopur O, Adaletli I. Superb Microvascular Imaging Compared With Power Doppler Ultrasound in Assessing Synovitis of the Knee in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: A Preliminary Study. JOURNAL OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE 2019; 39:99-106. [PMID: 31222785 DOI: 10.1002/jum.15079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Alis
- Department of RadiologyIstanbul Mehmet Akif Ersoy Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Training and Research Hospital Halkali, Istanbul Turkey
| | - Burak Caglar Erol
- Department of RadiologyIstanbul University–Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine KMPasa, Istanbul Turkey
| | - Serkan Akbas
- Department of RadiologyIstanbul University–Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine KMPasa, Istanbul Turkey
| | - Kenan Barut
- Department of PediatricsIstanbul University–Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine KMPasa, Istanbul Turkey
| | - Ozgur Kasapcopur
- Department of PediatricsIstanbul University–Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine KMPasa, Istanbul Turkey
| | - Ibrahim Adaletli
- Department of PediatricsIstanbul University–Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine KMPasa, Istanbul Turkey
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Abstract
This study aims to screen out significant ultrasonic features to establish different predictive models of thyroid nodules based on logistic regression, with different indicators being included and nodular size being differentiated, and then compare them.Ultrasonic features of 1906 thyroid nodules in 1761 patients who had undergone sonography and fine-needle aspiration or surgery in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. According to nodule size and whether vascular or elastographic indicators being included or not, nodules were divided into 12 groups. By univariate and multivariate analysis, the significant sonographic features to diagnose nodules of each group were screened and compared. The logistic regression models were built, and the cutoff values were calculated. The diagnostic performance of newly established models was validated, and the best model was compared with the American College of Radiology Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System.Significant features used to diagnose nodules in all models were hypoechoic, irregular margin, and microcalcification. Predominantly solid was an important indicator to differentiate benign and malignant macronodules. A taller-than-wide shape was a significant indicator of malignant micronodules. Strain elastographic character did show diagnostic value. The area under the curve of logistic regression models for malignant risk prediction were all higher than 0.7, and the best one was model 7, but the diagnostic performance was significantly reduced when models performed bivariate prediction.The most valuable indicators of malignant thyroid nodules are hypoechoic, irregular margin, and microcalcification. New models are suitable for nodules of different sizes and with or without vascular or elastographic features being described.
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Gay S, Schiaffino S, Santamorena G, Massa B, Ansaldo G, Turtulici G, Giusti M, At The Policlinico San Martino Genoa TT. Role of Strain Elastography and Shear-Wave Elastography in a Multiparametric Clinical Approach to Indeterminate Cytology Thyroid Nodules. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:6273-6279. [PMID: 30194820 PMCID: PMC6140375 DOI: 10.12659/msm.909870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In thyroid nodules with indeterminate cytology, further clinical assessment aimed at ruling out malignancy is often mandatory. Ancillary imaging techniques and genetic mutation analysis can improve the risk stratification of such lesions, thereby facilitating the clinician’s decision to undertaken surgery or simple follow-up. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of shear-wave elastography (SW), strain elastography (ELX 2/1), conventional ultrasound (US), contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS), and BRAF V600E mutation analysis in the aforementioned lesions. Material/Methods We enrolled 81 patients, each with 1 indeterminate-cytology thyroid nodule. Thyroid function, thyroperoxidase antibodies and calcitonin were known in each case. SW, ELX 2/1, US, CEUS, and BRAF mutation analysis were subsequently performed, followed by a second FNAB. If the lesion was not downgraded to benign, surgery was recommended and histological reports collected. Results There were 28 nodules (34%) that proved benign on the second FNAB; 38 nodules (47%) underwent surgery (17 benign, 21 malignant), and 15 nodules (19%) refused surgery. The only techniques related to histological outcome were US (AUC=0,766), ELX 2/1 (AUC=0.701), and BRAF analysis (AUC=0.762). ELX 2/1 and SW reports were not correlated with each other (P=0.45). A scoring system taking into account all the variables considered performed better than the single variables alone (AUC=0.831). Conclusions In indeterminate-cytology thyroid lesions, repeating FNAB can avoid unnecessary surgery. ELX 2/1 seems to perform better than SW in distinguishing malignancy; these techniques could, however, be complementary in describing such lesions. A multiparametric approach appears the most accurate in predicting nodule histology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Gay
- Endocrine Unit, Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | | | | | - Barbara Massa
- Cyto-Histopathological Unit, Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Turtulici
- Interventional Radiology Unit, Ospedale Evangelico Internazionale, Genoa, Italy
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