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Yang S, Poorter L, Kuramae EE, Sass-Klaassen U, Leite MFA, Costa OYA, Kowalchuk GA, Cornelissen JHC, van Hal J, Goudzwaard L, Hefting MM, van Logtestijn RSP, Sterck FJ. Stem traits, compartments, and tree species affect fungal communities on decaying wood. Environ Microbiol 2022; 24:3625-3639. [PMID: 35229433 PMCID: PMC9544286 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Dead wood quantity and quality is important for forest biodiversity, by determining wood‐inhabiting fungal assemblages. We therefore evaluated how fungal communities were regulated by stem traits and compartments (i.e. bark, outer‐ and inner wood) of 14 common temperate tree species. Fresh logs were incubated in a common garden experiment in a forest site in the Netherlands. After 1 and 4 years of decay, the fungal composition of different compartments was assessed using Internal Transcribed Spacer amplicon sequencing. We found that fungal alpha diversity differed significantly across tree species and stem compartments, with bark showing significantly higher fungal diversity than wood. Gymnosperms and Angiosperms hold different fungal communities, and distinct fungi were found between inner wood and other compartments. Stem traits showed significant afterlife effects on fungal communities; traits associated with accessibility (e.g. conduit diameter), stem chemistry (e.g. C, N, lignin) and physical defence (e.g. density) were important factors shaping fungal community structure in decaying stems. Overall, stem traits vary substantially across stem compartments and tree species, thus regulating fungal communities and the long‐term carbon dynamics of dead trees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Yang
- Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 47, 6700, AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lourens Poorter
- Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 47, 6700, AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Eiko E Kuramae
- Department of Microbial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), 6708, PB, Wageningen, the Netherlands.,Ecology and Biodiversity Group, Department of Biology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584, CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ute Sass-Klaassen
- Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 47, 6700, AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marcio F A Leite
- Department of Microbial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), 6708, PB, Wageningen, the Netherlands.,Ecology and Biodiversity Group, Department of Biology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584, CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ohana Y A Costa
- Department of Microbial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), 6708, PB, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - George A Kowalchuk
- Ecology and Biodiversity Group, Department of Biology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584, CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes H C Cornelissen
- Systems Ecology, Department of Ecological Science, VU University (Vrije Universiteit) Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081, HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jurgen van Hal
- Systems Ecology, Department of Ecological Science, VU University (Vrije Universiteit) Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081, HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Leo Goudzwaard
- Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 47, 6700, AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Mariet M Hefting
- Ecology and Biodiversity Group, Department of Biology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584, CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Richard S P van Logtestijn
- Systems Ecology, Department of Ecological Science, VU University (Vrije Universiteit) Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081, HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frank J Sterck
- Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 47, 6700, AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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6
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Cailleret M, Jansen S, Robert EMR, Desoto L, Aakala T, Antos JA, Beikircher B, Bigler C, Bugmann H, Caccianiga M, Čada V, Camarero JJ, Cherubini P, Cochard H, Coyea MR, Čufar K, Das AJ, Davi H, Delzon S, Dorman M, Gea-Izquierdo G, Gillner S, Haavik LJ, Hartmann H, Hereş AM, Hultine KR, Janda P, Kane JM, Kharuk VI, Kitzberger T, Klein T, Kramer K, Lens F, Levanic T, Linares Calderon JC, Lloret F, Lobo-Do-Vale R, Lombardi F, López Rodríguez R, Mäkinen H, Mayr S, Mészáros I, Metsaranta JM, Minunno F, Oberhuber W, Papadopoulos A, Peltoniemi M, Petritan AM, Rohner B, Sangüesa-Barreda G, Sarris D, Smith JM, Stan AB, Sterck F, Stojanović DB, Suarez ML, Svoboda M, Tognetti R, Torres-Ruiz JM, Trotsiuk V, Villalba R, Vodde F, Westwood AR, Wyckoff PH, Zafirov N, Martínez-Vilalta J. A synthesis of radial growth patterns preceding tree mortality. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2017; 23:1675-1690. [PMID: 27759919 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.13535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Tree mortality is a key factor influencing forest functions and dynamics, but our understanding of the mechanisms leading to mortality and the associated changes in tree growth rates are still limited. We compiled a new pan-continental tree-ring width database from sites where both dead and living trees were sampled (2970 dead and 4224 living trees from 190 sites, including 36 species), and compared early and recent growth rates between trees that died and those that survived a given mortality event. We observed a decrease in radial growth before death in ca. 84% of the mortality events. The extent and duration of these reductions were highly variable (1-100 years in 96% of events) due to the complex interactions among study species and the source(s) of mortality. Strong and long-lasting declines were found for gymnosperms, shade- and drought-tolerant species, and trees that died from competition. Angiosperms and trees that died due to biotic attacks (especially bark-beetles) typically showed relatively small and short-term growth reductions. Our analysis did not highlight any universal trade-off between early growth and tree longevity within a species, although this result may also reflect high variability in sampling design among sites. The intersite and interspecific variability in growth patterns before mortality provides valuable information on the nature of the mortality process, which is consistent with our understanding of the physiological mechanisms leading to mortality. Abrupt changes in growth immediately before death can be associated with generalized hydraulic failure and/or bark-beetle attack, while long-term decrease in growth may be associated with a gradual decline in hydraulic performance coupled with depletion in carbon reserves. Our results imply that growth-based mortality algorithms may be a powerful tool for predicting gymnosperm mortality induced by chronic stress, but not necessarily so for angiosperms and in case of intense drought or bark-beetle outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Cailleret
- Forest Ecology, Department of Environmental Systems Science, Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, ETH Zürich, Universitätstrasse 22, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Steven Jansen
- Institute of Systematic Botany and Ecology, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Elisabeth M R Robert
- CREAF, Campus UAB, 08193, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Laboratory of Plant Biology and Nature Management (APNA), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
- Laboratory of Wood Biology and Xylarium, Royal Museum for Central Africa (RMCA), Leuvensesteenweg 13, 3080, Tervuren, Belgium
| | - Lucía Desoto
- Department of Life Sciences, Centre for Functional Ecology, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Tuomas Aakala
- Department of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 27 (Latokartanonkaari 7), 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Joseph A Antos
- Department of Biology, University of Victoria, PO Box 3020, STN CSC, Victoria, BC, V8W 3N5, Canada
| | - Barbara Beikircher
- Institute of Botany, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestrasse 15, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christof Bigler
- Forest Ecology, Department of Environmental Systems Science, Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, ETH Zürich, Universitätstrasse 22, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Harald Bugmann
- Forest Ecology, Department of Environmental Systems Science, Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, ETH Zürich, Universitätstrasse 22, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Marco Caccianiga
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Giovanni Celoria 26, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Vojtěch Čada
- Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamýcká 961/129, 165 21, Praha 6-Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Jesus J Camarero
- Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología (IPE-CSIC), Avenida Montañana 1005, 50192, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Paolo Cherubini
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research - WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, 8903, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Hervé Cochard
- Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 547 PIAF, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université Clermont Auvergne, 63100, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Marie R Coyea
- Département des sciences du bois et de la forêt, Centre for Forest Research, Faculté de foresterie, de géographie et de géomatique, Université Laval, 2405 rue de la Terrasse, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Katarina Čufar
- Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Adrian J Das
- U.S. Geological Survey, Western Ecological Research Center, 47050 Generals Highway, Three Rivers, CA, 93271, USA
| | - Hendrik Davi
- Ecologie des Forest Méditerranéennes (URFM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Domaine Saint Paul, Site Agroparc, 84914, Avignon Cedex 9, France
| | - Sylvain Delzon
- Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1202 BIOGECO, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université de Bordeaux, 33615, Pessac, France
| | - Michael Dorman
- Department of Geography and Environmental Development, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Guillermo Gea-Izquierdo
- Centro de Investigación Forestal (CIFOR), Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Carretera La Coruña km 7.5, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sten Gillner
- Institute of Forest Botany and Forest Zoology, TU Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
- Fachgebiet Vegetationstechnik und Pflanzenverwendung, Institut für Landschaftsarchitektur und Umweltplanung, TU Berlin, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Laurel J Haavik
- Department of Entomology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, 1450 Jayhawk Boulevard, Lawrence, KS, 66045, USA
| | - Henrik Hartmann
- Max-Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Hans Knöll Strasse 10, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Ana-Maria Hereş
- CREAF, Campus UAB, 08193, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Department of Biogeography and Global Change, National Museum of Natural History (MNCN), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), C/Serrano 115bis, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Kevin R Hultine
- Department of Research, Conservation and Collections, Desert Botanical Garden, 1201 N Galvin Parkway, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Pavel Janda
- Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamýcká 961/129, 165 21, Praha 6-Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Jeffrey M Kane
- Department of Forestry and Wildland Resources, Humboldt State University, 1 Harpst Street, Arcata, CA, 95521, USA
| | - Vyacheslav I Kharuk
- Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Sukachev Institute of Forest, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russia
| | - Thomas Kitzberger
- Department of Ecology, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Quintral S/N, Barrio Jardín Botánico, 8400, San Carlos de Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina
- Instituto de Investigaciones de Biodiversidad y Medio Ambiente (INIBOMA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Quintral 1250, 8400, San Carlos de Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - Tamir Klein
- Institute of Soil, Water, and Environmental Sciences, Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), PO Box 6, 50250, Beit Dagan, Israel
| | - Koen Kramer
- Alterra - Green World Research, Wageningen University, Droevendaalse steeg 1, 6700AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Frederic Lens
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden University, PO Box 9517, 2300RA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Tom Levanic
- Department of Yield and Silviculture, Slovenian Forestry Institute, Večna pot 2, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Juan C Linares Calderon
- Department of Physical, Chemical and Natural Systems, Pablo de Olavide University, Carretera de Utrera km 1, 41013, Seville, Spain
| | - Francisco Lloret
- CREAF, Campus UAB, 08193, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Raquel Lobo-Do-Vale
- Forest Research Centre, School of Agriculture, University of Lisbon, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Fabio Lombardi
- Department of Agricultural Science, Mediterranean University of Reggio Calabria, loc. Feo di Vito, 89060, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Rosana López Rodríguez
- Forest Genetics and Physiology Research Group, Technical University of Madrid, Calle Ramiro de Maeztu 7, 28040, Madrid, Spain
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, University of Western Sydney, Science Road, Richmond, NSW, 2753, Australia
| | - Harri Mäkinen
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Viikinkaari 4, 00790, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Stefan Mayr
- Institute of Botany, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestrasse 15, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ilona Mészáros
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Juha M Metsaranta
- Northern Forestry Centre, Canadian Forest Service, Natural Resources Canada, 5320-122nd Street, Edmonton, AB, T6H 3S5, Canada
| | - Francesco Minunno
- Department of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 27 (Latokartanonkaari 7), 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Walter Oberhuber
- Institute of Botany, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestrasse 15, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Andreas Papadopoulos
- Department of Forestry and Natural Environment Management, Technological Educational Institute (TEI) of Stereas Elladas, Ag Georgiou 1, 36100, Karpenissi, Greece
| | - Mikko Peltoniemi
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), PO Box 18 (Jokiniemenkuja 1), 01301, Vantaa, Finland
| | - Any M Petritan
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research - WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, 8903, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
- National Institute for Research-Development in Forestry ''Marin Dracea'', Eroilor 128, 077190, Voluntari, Romania
| | - Brigitte Rohner
- Forest Ecology, Department of Environmental Systems Science, Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, ETH Zürich, Universitätstrasse 22, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research - WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, 8903, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | | | - Dimitrios Sarris
- Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, Open University of Cyprus, Latsia, 2252, Nicosia, Cyprus
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cyprus, PO Box 20537, 1678, Nicosia, Cyprus
- Division of Plant Biology, Department of Biology, University of Patras, 26500, Patras, Greece
| | - Jeremy M Smith
- Department of Geography, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309-0260, USA
| | - Amanda B Stan
- Department of Geography, Planning and Recreation, Northern Arizona University, PO Box 15016, Flagstaff, AZ, 86011, USA
| | - Frank Sterck
- Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 3a, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Dejan B Stojanović
- Institute of Lowland Forestry and Environment, University of Novi Sad, Antona Cehova 13, PO Box 117, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Maria L Suarez
- Instituto de Investigaciones de Biodiversidad y Medio Ambiente (INIBOMA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Quintral 1250, 8400, San Carlos de Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - Miroslav Svoboda
- Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamýcká 961/129, 165 21, Praha 6-Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Roberto Tognetti
- Dipartimenti di Bioscienze e Territorio, Università del Molise, C. da Fonte Lappone, 86090, Pesche, Italy
- European Forest Institute (EFI) Project Centre on Mountain Forests (MOUNTFOR), Via E. Mach 1, 38010, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - José M Torres-Ruiz
- Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1202 BIOGECO, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université de Bordeaux, 33615, Pessac, France
| | - Volodymyr Trotsiuk
- Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamýcká 961/129, 165 21, Praha 6-Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Ricardo Villalba
- Laboratorio de Dendrocronología e Historia Ambiental, Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales (IANIGLA), CCT CONICET Mendoza, Av. Ruiz Leal s/n, Parque General San Martín, Mendoza, CP 5500, Argentina
| | - Floor Vodde
- Institute of Forestry and Rural Engineering, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 5, 51014, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Alana R Westwood
- Boreal Avian Modelling Project, Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, 751 General Services Building, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2H1, Canada
| | - Peter H Wyckoff
- University of Minnesota, 600 East 4th Street, Morris, MN, 56267, USA
| | - Nikolay Zafirov
- University of Forestry, Kliment Ohridski Street 10, 1756, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Jordi Martínez-Vilalta
- CREAF, Campus UAB, 08193, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
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