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Wang J, Xie X, Li H, Zheng Q, Chen Y, Chen W, Chen Y, He J, Lu Q. Vascular endothelial cells-derived exosomes synergize with curcumin to prevent osteoporosis development. iScience 2024; 27:109608. [PMID: 38623340 PMCID: PMC11016789 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis has gradually become a major public health problem. Further elucidation of the pathophysiological mechanisms that induce osteoporosis and identification of more effective therapeutic targets will have important clinical significance. Experiments in vitro on bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) subjected to osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation and in vivo on surgical bilateral ovariectomy (OVX) mouse models revealed that exosomes of vascular endothelial cells (EC-EXOs) can promote osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs and inhibit BMSC adipogenic differentiation through miR-3p-975_4191. Both miR-3p-975_4191 and curcumin can target tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and act synergistically to regulate BMSCs fate differentiation and delay the progression of osteoporosis. Our findings suggest that EC-EXOs may exert a synergistic effect with curcumin in reversing the progression of osteoporosis by targeting TNF via miR-3p-975_4191. Our study may provide therapeutic options and potential therapeutic targets for osteoporosis and thus has important clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Xinyan Xie
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
- Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Hang Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Qiyue Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Yun Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Wenjie Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Yajun Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Jieyu He
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Qiong Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
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Huang Z, Huang L, Ding J, Huang Y, Huang X, Li T. ILK inhibition reduces osteophyte formation through suppression of osteogenesis in BMSCs via Akt/GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:421. [PMID: 38483756 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09336-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteophyte development is a common characteristic of inflammatory skeletal diseases. Elevated osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) participates in pathological osteogenesis. Integrin-linked kinase (ILK) positively regulates the osteoblastic differentiation of osteoprogenitors, but whether the ILK blockage prevents osteophytes and its potential mechanism is still unknown. Furthermore, the low-dose tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) promotes osteogenic differentiation, but a lack of study reports on the relationship between this cytokine and ILK. OSU-T315 is a small ILK inhibitor, which was used to determine the effect of ILK inhibition on osteogenesis and osteophyte formation. METHODS AND RESULTS The osteogenesis of BMSCs was evaluated using Alizarin red S staining, alkaline phosphatase, collagen type I alpha 2 chain, and bone gamma-carboxyglutamate protein. The expression and phosphorylation of protein were assessed through western blot. Immunofluorescence was employed to display the distribution of β-catenin. microCT, hematoxylin-eosin, and safranin O/fast green staining were utilized to observe the osteophyte formation in collagen antibody-induced arthritis mice. We found that ILK blockage significantly declined calcium deposition and osteoblastic markers in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Furthermore, it lowered osteogenesis in the TNF-α-induced inflammatory microenvironment by diminishing the effect of ILK and inactivating the Akt/ GSK-3β/ β-catenin pathway. Nuclear β-catenin was descended by OSU-T315 as well. Finally, the ILK suppression restrained osteophyte formation but not inflammation in vivo. CONCLUSIONS ILK inhibition lowered osteogenesis in TNF-α-related inflammatory conditions by deactivating the Akt/ GSK-3β/ β-catenin pathway. This may be a potential strategy to alleviate osteophyte development in addition to anti-inflammatory treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixiang Huang
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, No. 466, Xingangzhong Road, Guangzhou, 510317, China
| | - Lixin Huang
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, No. 466, Xingangzhong Road, Guangzhou, 510317, China
- Department of Rheumatology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jiali Ding
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, No. 466, Xingangzhong Road, Guangzhou, 510317, China
- Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yukai Huang
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, No. 466, Xingangzhong Road, Guangzhou, 510317, China
| | - Xuechan Huang
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, No. 466, Xingangzhong Road, Guangzhou, 510317, China
| | - Tianwang Li
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, No. 466, Xingangzhong Road, Guangzhou, 510317, China.
- Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Zhaoqing Central People's Hospital, Zhaoqing, China.
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3
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Li W, Xiang Z, Yu W, Huang X, Jiang Q, Abumansour A, Yang Y, Chen C. Natural compounds and mesenchymal stem cells: implications for inflammatory-impaired tissue regeneration. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:34. [PMID: 38321524 PMCID: PMC10848428 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03641-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a common and important pathological process occurring in any part of the body and relating to a variety of diseases. Effective tissue repair is critical for the survival of impaired organisms. Considering the side effects of the currently used anti-inflammatory medications, new therapeutic agents are urgently needed for the improvement of regenerative capacities of inflammatory-impaired tissues. Mesenchymal stromal stem/progenitor cells (MSCs) are characterized by the capabilities of self-renewal and multipotent differentiation and exhibit immunomodulatory capacity. Due to the ability to modulate inflammatory phenotypes and immune responses, MSCs have been considered as a potential alternative therapy for autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Natural compounds (NCs) are complex small multiple-target molecules mostly derived from plants and microorganisms, exhibiting therapeutic effects in many disorders, such as osteoporosis, diabetes, cancer, and inflammatory/autoimmune diseases. Recently, increasing studies focused on the prominent effects of NCs on MSCs, including the regulation of cell survival and inflammatory response, as well as osteogenic/adipogenic differentiation capacities, which indicate the roles of NCs on MSC-based cytotherapy in several inflammatory diseases. Their therapeutic effects and fewer side effects in numerous physiological processes, compared to chemosynthetic drugs, made them to be a new therapeutic avenue combined with MSCs for impaired tissue regeneration. Here we summarize the current understanding of the influence of NCs on MSCs and related downstream signaling pathways, specifically in pathological inflammatory conditions. In addition, the emerging concepts through the combination of NCs and MSCs to expand the therapeutic perspectives are highlighted. A promising MSC source from oral/dental tissues is also discussed, with a remarkable potential for MSC-based therapy in future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Li
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zichao Xiang
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenjing Yu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 240 S. 40th St., Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Xiaobin Huang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 240 S. 40th St., Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Qian Jiang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 240 S. 40th St., Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Arwa Abumansour
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 240 S. 40th St., Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ying Yang
- Research and Innovation Oral Care, Colgate-Palmolive Company, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Chider Chen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 240 S. 40th St., Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
- Center of Innovation and Precision Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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Ariano A, Posa F, Storlino G, Mori G. Molecules Inducing Dental Stem Cells Differentiation and Bone Regeneration: State of the Art. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:9897. [PMID: 37373044 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24129897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Teeth include mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which are multipotent cells that promote tooth growth and repair. Dental tissues, specifically the dental pulp and the dental bud, constitute a relevant source of multipotent stem cells, known as dental-derived stem cells (d-DSCs): dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) and dental bud stem cells (DBSCs). Cell treatment with bone-associated factors and stimulation with small molecule compounds are, among the available methods, the ones who show excellent advantages promoting stem cell differentiation and osteogenesis. Recently, attention has been paid to studies on natural and non-natural compounds. Many fruits, vegetables, and some drugs contain molecules that can enhance MSC osteogenic differentiation and therefore bone formation. The purpose of this review is to examine research work over the past 10 years that has investigated two different types of MSCs from dental tissues that are attractive targets for bone tissue engineering: DPSCs and DBSCs. The reconstruction of bone defects, in fact, is still a challenge and therefore more research is needed; the articles reviewed are meant to identify compounds useful to stimulate d-DSC proliferation and osteogenic differentiation. We only consider the results of the research which is encouraging, assuming that the mentioned compounds are of some importance for bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Ariano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Francesca Posa
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Storlino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Giorgio Mori
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy
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Elwany NE, El Salem A, Mostafa Mohamed N, Khalil SS, Mahmoud NM. Rebamipide protects against experimentally induced intestinal ischemia/reperfusion-promoted liver damage: Impact on SIRT1/β-catenin/FOXO1and NFκB signaling. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 119:110269. [PMID: 37148771 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Rebamipide (Reba) is a well-known gastroprotective agent. However, its potential protective efficacy against intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced liver injury remains elusive. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the modulatory effect of Reba on SIRT1/β-catenin/FOXO1-NFκB signaling cascade. Thirty-two male Wistar albino rats were randomized into four groups: G1 (sham): rats were subjected to surgical stress without I/R, GII (I/R): rats were subjected to 60 min/4-h I/R, GIII (Reba + I/R): rats received Reba 100 mg/kg/day, p.o. for three weeks, then were subjected to 60 min/4-h I/R, and GIV (Reba + EX527 + I/R): rats received Reba (100 mg/kg/day p.o.) + EX527 (10 mg/kg/day, ip) for three weeks before I/R. Reba pretreatment decreased the serum levels of ALT and AST, improved I/R-induced histological alterations of both intestine and liver, increased hepatic Silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) expression/content, β-catenin expression/immunoreactivity, and FOXO1 expression, while suppressed NF-κB p65 expression/protein content. In addition, Reba increased hepatic total antioxidant capacity (TAC), while suppressed malondialdehyde (MDA), tumor necrosis factor (TNFα), and caspase-3 activity. Furthermore, Reba inhibited BAX expression, while upregulated Bcl-2 expression. Reba exhibited a plausible protective effect against intestinal I/R-mediated liver injury by modulating SIRT1/β-catenin/FOXO1-NFκB signaling mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisreen E Elwany
- Lecturer of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
| | - Amal El Salem
- Lecturer of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
| | | | - Sama S Khalil
- Associate professor of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
| | - Nevertyty M Mahmoud
- Lecturer of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
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Nagahisa T, Kosugi S, Yamaguchi S. Interactions between Intestinal Homeostasis and NAD + Biology in Regulating Incretin Production and Postprandial Glucose Metabolism. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15061494. [PMID: 36986224 PMCID: PMC10052115 DOI: 10.3390/nu15061494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The intestine has garnered attention as a target organ for developing new therapies for impaired glucose tolerance. The intestine, which produces incretin hormones, is the central regulator of glucose metabolism. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) production, which determines postprandial glucose levels, is regulated by intestinal homeostasis. Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT)-mediated nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) biosynthesis in major metabolic organs such as the liver, adipose tissue, and skeletal muscle plays a crucial role in obesity- and aging-associated organ derangements. Furthermore, NAMPT-mediated NAD+ biosynthesis in the intestines and its upstream and downstream mediators, adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and NAD+-dependent deacetylase sirtuins (SIRTs), respectively, are critical for intestinal homeostasis, including gut microbiota composition and bile acid metabolism, and GLP-1 production. Thus, boosting the intestinal AMPK-NAMPT-NAD+-SIRT pathway to improve intestinal homeostasis, GLP-1 production, and postprandial glucose metabolism has gained significant attention as a novel strategy to improve impaired glucose tolerance. Herein, we aimed to review in detail the regulatory mechanisms and importance of intestinal NAMPT-mediated NAD+ biosynthesis in regulating intestinal homeostasis and GLP-1 secretion in obesity and aging. Furthermore, dietary and molecular factors regulating intestinal NAMPT-mediated NAD+ biosynthesis were critically explored to facilitate the development of new therapeutic strategies for postprandial glucose dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taichi Nagahisa
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Shotaro Kosugi
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Shintaro Yamaguchi
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
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7
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Wang C, Chen R, Zhu X, Zhang X, Lian N. METTL14 alleviates the development of osteoporosis in ovariectomized mice by upregulating m 6A level of SIRT1 mRNA. Bone 2023; 168:116652. [PMID: 36584783 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2022.116652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate whether METTL14 participated in ovariectomized (OVX)-induced osteoporosis (OP) in mice by regulating the m6A level of SIRT1 mRNA. OVX was performed on mice to induce OP, and mouse bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) and bone marrow mononuclear macrophages (BMMs) were isolated to induce osteoblast differentiation and osteoclast differentiation, respectively. The morphology of bone trabeculae was evaluated under a micro-CT scanner. The changes in pathology of bone tissues were observed through staining using hematoxylin-eosin. The number of osteoclasts was measured by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining, and the content of serum calcium, PINP, and CTX-I was tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, accompanied by the measurement of the expression of SIRT1, METTL14, osteogenic marker genes, and osteoclast marker genes. The m6A modification level of SIRT1 and the binding between METTL14 and SIRT1 were verified. In OVX mice, SIRT1 and METTL14 were downregulated. Overexpression of SIRT1 or METTL14 increased the expression of osteogenic marker genes but decreased the expression of osteoclast marker genes. Additionally, METTL14 overexpression increased m6A level of SIRT1 mRNA. Furthermore, overexpression of METTL14 promoted osteoblast differentiation and suppressed osteoclast differentiation, which were reversed by knockdown of SIRT1. METTL14 promoted osteoblast differentiation and repressed osteoclast differentiation by m6A-dependent upregulation of SIRT1 mRNA, thereby alleviating OP development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changsheng Wang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, PR China.
| | - Rongsheng Chen
- Department of Spinal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, PR China
| | - Xitian Zhu
- Department of Spinal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, PR China
| | - Xiaobo Zhang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, PR China
| | - Nancheng Lian
- Department of Spinal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, PR China
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8
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Zhou S, Zhang G, Wang K, Yang Z, Tan Y. miR-141-3p Targeted SIRT1 to Inhibit Osteogenic Differentiation of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Stem Cells Int 2023; 2023:9094092. [PMID: 36777717 PMCID: PMC9918357 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9094092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To explore the expression of miR-141-3p during the osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and its regulatory effect. Methods Differentiation of BMSCs was induced by dexamethasone. The mRNA expression of miR-141-3p, ALP, RUNX2, and OCN was measured using RT-qPCR. The protein expression was detected via western blot. The target of miR-141-3p was predicted through the TargetScan website and confirmed using luciferase reporter assay. Results miR-141-3p expression declined during osteogenic differentiation. The relative ALP activities and the mRNA expression of ALP, RUNX2, and OCN were markedly reduced in the miR-141-3p mimic group while increased in the inhibitor group. Cell viability was suppressed in the miR-141-3p mimic group and promoted in the inhibitor group. SIRT1 was predicted to be a downstream gene of miR-141-3p, and this prediction was confirmed via the luciferase reporter assay. The results of the western blot assay demonstrated that SIRT1 expression was decreased in the miR-141-3p mimic group. SIRT1 reversed the inhibitory influence of miR-141-3p on the osteogenic differentiation ability of BMSCs. Conclusion miR-141-3p targeted SIRT1 to inhibit osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuzuo Zhou
- Department of Stomatology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Military Medical University (Xin Qiao Hospital), Chongqing City 400038, China
| | - Gang Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Military Medical University (Xin Qiao Hospital), Chongqing City 400038, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Military Medical University (Xin Qiao Hospital), Chongqing City 400038, China
| | - Zhong Yang
- Department of Stomatology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Military Medical University (Xin Qiao Hospital), Chongqing City 400038, China
| | - Yinghui Tan
- Department of Stomatology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Military Medical University (Xin Qiao Hospital), Chongqing City 400038, China
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9
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Liu Y, Liu N, Na J, Li C, Yue G, Fan Y, Zheng L. Wnt/β-catenin plays a dual function in calcium hydroxide induced proliferation, migration, osteogenic differentiation and mineralization in vitro human dental pulp stem cells. Int Endod J 2023; 56:92-102. [PMID: 36229421 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIM Calcium hydroxide is the gold standard material for pulp capping and has been widely used in clinical dentistry. Calcium hydroxide promotes proliferation, migration and osteogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs). However, the underlying mechanism is not clear. Our study investigated the role of Wnt/β-catenin pathway in calcium hydroxide-induced proliferation, migration, osteogenic differentiation and mineralization of human DPSCs. METHODOLOGY Protein and gene expression was detected by western blot (WB), immunofluorescence staining and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). Cell viability was analysed using the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Wound-healing assay was used to analyse cell migration. The expression of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was detected using ALP staining. Mineralization was analysed by alizarin red staining. RESULTS Calcium hydroxide increased the protein expression of phosphorylated-GSK3β/GSK3β, β-catenin and the gene expression of LEF-1. Inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin abolished calcium hydroxide-induced proliferation and migration of DPSCs in 24 h. However, incubation with calcium hydroxide for 7 days and 14 days reduced Wnt/β-catenin signalling. Inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin promoted calcium hydroxide-induced osteogenic differentiation and mineralization in DPSCs. CONCLUSION Wnt/β-catenin pathway plays a dual role in calcium hydroxide-regulated DPSC behaviour. Incubation with calcium hydroxide promoted rapid proliferation and migration of DPSCs, while prolonged incubation negatively regulated osteogenic differentiation and mineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology (Beihang University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology (Beihang University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Na
- Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology (Beihang University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Chiyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology (Beihang University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Gan Yue
- Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology (Beihang University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Yubo Fan
- Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology (Beihang University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Lisha Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology (Beihang University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
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10
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Kong H, Liu P, Li H, Zeng X, Xu P, Yao X, Liu S, Cheng CK, Xu J. Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: The Novel Therapeutic Option for Regenerative Dentistry. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2023; 19:46-58. [PMID: 35132538 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-022-10342-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Dental mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are characterized by unlimited self-renewal ability and high multidirectional differentiation potential. Since dental MSCs can be easily isolated and exhibit a high capability to differentiate into odontogenic cells, they are considered as attractive therapeutic agents in regenerative dentistry. Recently, MSC-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) have attracted widespread attention as carriers for cell-free therapy due to their potential functions. Many studies have shown that MSC-EVs can mediate microenvironment at tissue damage site, and coordinate the regeneration process. Additionally, MSC-EVs can mediate intercellular communication, thus affecting the phenotypes and functions of recipient cells. In this review, we mainly summarized the types of MSCs that could be potentially applied in regenerative dentistry, the possible molecular cargos of MSC-EVs, and the major effects of MSC-EVs on the therapeutic induction of osteogenic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiying Kong
- Department of Dentistry, Longgang E.N.T. Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T, Institute of E.N.T, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Peiqi Liu
- Department of Dentistry, Longgang E.N.T. Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T, Institute of E.N.T, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.,Second School of Clinical Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongwen Li
- Department of Dentistry, Longgang E.N.T. Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T, Institute of E.N.T, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.,Shenzhen Longgang Institute of Stomatology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiantao Zeng
- Department of Dentistry, Longgang E.N.T. Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T, Institute of E.N.T, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Peiwu Xu
- Department of Dentistry, Longgang E.N.T. Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T, Institute of E.N.T, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinhui Yao
- Department of Dentistry, Longgang E.N.T. Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T, Institute of E.N.T, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Senqing Liu
- Department of Dentistry, Longgang E.N.T. Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T, Institute of E.N.T, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Chak Kwong Cheng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Jian Xu
- Department of Dentistry, Longgang E.N.T. Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T, Institute of E.N.T, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China. .,Shenzhen Longgang Institute of Stomatology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
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11
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Xiao J, Zheng Y, Zhang W, Zhang Y, Cao P, Liang Y, Bao L, Shi S, Feng X. General Control Nonrepressed Protein 5 Modulates Odontogenic Differentiation Through NF-κB Pathway in Tumor Necrosis Factor-α-Mediated Impaired Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells. Cell Reprogram 2022; 24:95-104. [PMID: 35172106 DOI: 10.1089/cell.2021.0113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) from pulpitis patients showed defective osteogenic differentiation. However, as the most well-studied histone acetyltransferase, the impaired general control nonrepressed protein 5 (GCN5) plays essential roles in various developmental processes. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of GCN5 on DPSCs odontogenic differentiation. The healthy dental pulp tissues were obtained from the extracted impacted third molar of patients with the informed consent. DPSCs were treated with a high concentration of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) (100 ng/mL) and odontogenic differentiation-related gene and GCN5 protein level by Western blot analysis. Proliferation of the DPSCs was evaluated using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Immunofluorescence staining detected GCN5 and NF-κB signaling for p-p65. The mechanism of GCN5 regulating odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs was determined by small interfering RNA analysis. Our data suggested that TNF-α can significantly reduce mineralization and the expression of dentin matrix acidic phosphoprotein 1 and dentin sialophosphoprotein at higher concentration (100 ng/mL). Meanwhile, it showed that the inflammation in microenvironment resulted in a downregulation of GCN5 expression and GCN5 knockdown caused decreased odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs was also found. In addition, the knockdown of GCN5 increased the expression of phosphorylation of p65, thus activating NF-κB pathway of DPSCs. Meanwhile, NF-κB pathway inhibitor pyrrolidinedithiocarbamic acid reversed the siGCN5 decreased odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs. Altogether, our findings indicated that in inflammatory microenvironments GCN5 plays a protective role in pulpitis impaired odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs by activating NF-κB pathway, which may provide a potential approach to dentin regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Xiao
- Department of Stomatology, Haimen District People's Hospital, Nantong, China
| | - Ya Zheng
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, China
| | - Peipei Cao
- Nantong Boyue Dentistry Out-patient Department, Nantong, China
| | - Yi Liang
- Department of Stomatology, Shanghai East Hospital Affiliated with Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liuliu Bao
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Suping Shi
- Department of Stomatology, Haimen District People's Hospital, Nantong, China
| | - Xingmei Feng
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, China
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12
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High glucose mediates apoptosis and osteogenesis of MSCs via downregulation of AKT-Sirt1-TWIST. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:2723-2733. [PMID: 35037196 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-07082-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells have been widely used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. However, hyperglycemia associated with DM promotes cell apoptosis and affects osteogenic differentiation of MSCs in varying degrees, leading to osteoporosis in DM patients. Therefore, in this paper, the effect of high glucose on apoptosis and osteogenesis of MSCs was investigated and underlying mechanism was further determined. METHODS AND RESULTS Intracellular ROS levels were determined using probe DCFH-DA. MMP was detected using JC-1 staining. Cell apoptosis was detected using Annexin V-FITC/PI and Flow Cytometer. The expression of genes and protein was detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot respectively. The results showed high glucose induced MSC apoptosis but promoted its osteogenesis. Western blot analysis revealed that high glucose downregulated AKT-Sirt1-TWIST pathway. Activation of Sirt1 via SRT1720 increased TWIST expression, alleviated MSC apoptosis and promoted osteogenesis of MSCs. TWIST knockdown studies demonstrated that inhibition of TWIST intensified high glucose-induced apoptosis but promoted osteogenesis differentiation of MSCs. TWIST is likely to be a new regulator for cross talk between Sirt1 and its downstream targets. CONCLUSION Our data demonstrates that high glucose induces MSC apoptosis and enhances osteogenesis differentiation via downregulation of AKT-Sirt1-TWIST.
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13
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The interaction of canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling with protein lysine acetylation. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2022; 27:7. [PMID: 35033019 PMCID: PMC8903542 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-021-00305-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling is a complex cell-communication mechanism that has a central role in the progression of various cancers. The cellular factors that participate in the regulation of this signaling are still not fully elucidated. Lysine acetylation is a significant protein modification which facilitates reversible regulation of the target protein function dependent on the activity of lysine acetyltransferases (KATs) and the catalytic function of lysine deacetylases (KDACs). Protein lysine acetylation has been classified into histone acetylation and non-histone protein acetylation. Histone acetylation is a kind of epigenetic modification, and it can modulate the transcription of important biological molecules in Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Additionally, as a type of post-translational modification, non-histone acetylation directly alters the function of the core molecules in Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Conversely, this signaling can regulate the expression and function of target molecules based on histone or non-histone protein acetylation. To date, various inhibitors targeting KATs and KDACs have been discovered, and some of these inhibitors exert their anti-tumor activity via blocking Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Here, we discuss the available evidence in understanding the complicated interaction of protein lysine acetylation with Wnt/β-catenin signaling, and lysine acetylation as a new target for cancer therapy via controlling this signaling.
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14
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Calabrese EJ, Agathokleous E, Dhawan G, Kapoor R, Calabrese V. Human dental pulp stem cells and hormesis. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 73:101540. [PMID: 34890824 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This paper represents the first assessment of hormetic dose responses by human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) with particular emphasis on cell renewal (proliferation) and differentiation. Hormetic dose responses were commonly reported in this model, encompassing a broad range of chemicals, including principally pharmaceuticals (e.g., metformin and artemisinin), dietary supplements/extracts from medicinal plants (e.g., berberine, N-acetyl-L-cysteine, and ginsenoside Rg1) and endogenous agents (e.g., ATP, TNF-α). The paper assesses mechanistic foundations of the hDPSCs hormetic dose responses for both cell proliferation and cell differentiation, study design considerations, and therapeutic implications.
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15
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Zheng H, Wang N, Li L, Ge L, Jia H, Fan Z. miR-140-3p enhanced the osteo/odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs via inhibiting KMT5B under hypoxia condition. Int J Oral Sci 2021; 13:41. [PMID: 34876565 PMCID: PMC8651682 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-021-00148-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) have emerged as an important source of stem cells in the tissue engineering, and hypoxia will change various innate characteristics of DPSCs and then affect dental tissue regeneration. Nevertheless, little is known about the complicated molecular mechanisms. In this study, we aimed to investigate the influence and mechanism of miR-140-3p on DPSCs under hypoxia condition. Hypoxia was induced in DPSCs by Cobalt chloride (CoCl2) treatment. The osteo/dentinogenic differentiation capacity of DPSCs was assessed by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, Alizarin Red S staining and main osteo/dentinogenic markers. A luciferase reporter gene assay was performed to verify the downstream target gene of miR-140-3p. This research exhibited that miR-140-3p promoted osteo/dentinogenic differentiation of DPSCs under normoxia environment. Furthermore, miR-140-3p rescued the CoCl2-induced decreased osteo/odontogenic differentiation potentials in DPSCs. Besides, we investigated that miR-140-3p directly targeted lysine methyltransferase 5B (KMT5B). Surprisingly, we found inhibition of KMT5B obviously enhanced osteo/dentinogenic differentiation of DPSCs both under normoxia and hypoxia conditions. In conclusion, our study revealed the role and mechanism of miR-140-3p for regulating osteo/dentinogenic differentiation of DPSCs under hypoxia, and discovered that miR-140-3p and KMT5B might be important targets for DPSC-mediated tooth or bone tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Zheng
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XLaboratory of Molecular Signaling and Stem Cells Therapy, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Wang
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XLaboratory of Molecular Signaling and Stem Cells Therapy, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Le Li
- grid.12527.330000 0001 0662 3178Tsinghua University Hospital, Stomatological Disease Prevention and Control Center, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Lihua Ge
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XLaboratory of Molecular Signaling and Stem Cells Therapy, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Haichao Jia
- Department of Orthodontics, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China.
| | - Zhipeng Fan
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling and Stem Cells Therapy, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China. .,Research Unit of Tooth Development and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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16
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Gao L, Gong FZ, Ma LY, Yang JH. Uncarboxylated osteocalcin promotes osteogenesis and inhibits adipogenesis of mouse bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells via the PKA-AMPK-SIRT1 axis. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:880. [PMID: 34194558 PMCID: PMC8237271 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a bone disease characterized by reduced bone density, thin cortical bone and large gaps in the bone's honeycomb structure, which increases the risk of bone fragility. Uncarboxylated osteocalcin (unOC), a vitamin K-dependent bone protein, is known to regulate carbohydrate and energy metabolism. A previous study demonstrated that unOC promotes the differentiation of mouse bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) into osteoblasts, but inhibits their differentiation into adipocytes. However, the underlying mechanism remains unknown. The present study showed that unOC regulated the differentiation potential of BMSCs via protein kinase A (PKA)/AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) signaling. SIRT1, a member of the sirtuin family with deacetylation functions, was upregulated by unOC in BMSCs. Transfection analyses with SIRT1 small interfering RNA indicated that the unOC-induced differentiation shift in BMSCs required SIRT1. Examination of SIRT1 downstream targets revealed that unOC regulated the acetylation levels of runt-related transcription factor (RUNX) 2 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ). Therefore, unOC inhibited adipogenic differentiation by PPARγ acetylation and promoted osteogenic differentiation by RUNX2 deacetylation. Moreover, phosphorylated PKA and AMPK protein levels increased after unOC treatment, which led to the upregulation of SIRT1. Western blot analysis with PKA and AMPK inhibitors indicated that the PKA-AMPK signaling pathway functioned upstream of SIRT1 and positively regulated SIRT1 expression. These findings led us to propose a model in which unOC regulated BMSC osteogenic differentiation through the PKA-AMPK-SIRT1 axis, giving evidence towards the therapeutic potential of unOC in osteoporosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Gao
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Fang-Zi Gong
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Lu-Yao Ma
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Hong Yang
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
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17
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Early Osteogenic Differentiation Stimulation of Dental Pulp Stem Cells by Calcitriol and Curcumin. Stem Cells Int 2021; 2021:9980137. [PMID: 34122559 PMCID: PMC8166473 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9980137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcumin, as a natural phenolic substance, is extracted from the rhizome of Curcuma longa (turmeric), which is effective in bone healthfulness. Calcitriol is an effective hormone in regulating bone remodeling and mineral homeostasis and immune response. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are found in most dental tissues and resemble bone marrow-derived MSCs. In this work, we investigated the effect of combination and individual treatment of curcumin and calcitriol on early osteogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs). Early osteogenic differentiation was evaluated and confirmed by the gene expression level of ALP and its activity. Curcumin individually and in combination with calcitriol increased ALP activity and osteoblast-specific mRNA expression of ALP when DPSCs were cultured in an osteogenic medium. Calcitriol alone increased the enzyme more than in combination with curcumin. These findings demonstrate that curcumin can induce early osteogenic differentiation of DPSCs like calcitriol as a potent stimulant of osteogenesis.
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18
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Yang G, Collins JM, Rafiee R, Singh S, Langaee T, McDonough CW, Holliday LS, Wang D, Lamba JK, Kim YS, Pelliccioni GA, Vaszilko M, Kosa JP, Balla B, Lakatos PA, Katz J, Moreb J, Gong Y. SIRT1 Gene SNP rs932658 Is Associated With Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw. J Bone Miner Res 2021; 36:347-356. [PMID: 32967053 PMCID: PMC8733933 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a rare but serious adverse drug reaction. Our previous whole-exome sequencing study found SIRT1 intronic region single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs7896005 to be associated with MRONJ in cancer patients treated with intravenous (iv) bisphosphonates (BPs). This study aimed to identify causal variants for this association. In silico analyses identified three SNPs (rs3758391, rs932658, and rs2394443) in the SIRT1 promoter region that are in high linkage disequilibrium (r2 > 0.8) with rs7896005. To validate the association between these SNPs and MRONJ, we genotyped these three SNPs on the germline DNA from 104 cancer patients of European ancestry treated with iv BPs (46 cases and 58 controls). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed the minor alleles of these three SNPs were associated with lower odds for MRONJ. The odds ratios (95% confidence interval) and p values were 0.351 (0.164-0.751; p = 0.007) for rs3758391, 0.351 (0.164-0.751; p = 0.007) for rs932658, and 0.331 (0.157-0.697; p = 0.0036) for rs2394443, respectively. In the reporter gene assays, constructs containing rs932658 with variant allele A had higher luciferase activity than the reference allele, whereas constructs containing SNP rs3758391 and/or rs2394443 did not significantly affect activity. These results indicate that the promoter SNP rs932658 regulates the expression of SIRT1 and presumably lowers the risk of MRONJ by increasing SIRT1 expression. © 2020 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Yang
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Center for Pharmacogenomics and Precision Medicine, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Joseph M Collins
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Center for Pharmacogenomics and Precision Medicine, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Roya Rafiee
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Sonal Singh
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Center for Pharmacogenomics and Precision Medicine, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Taimour Langaee
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Center for Pharmacogenomics and Precision Medicine, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Caitrin W McDonough
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Center for Pharmacogenomics and Precision Medicine, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - L Shannon Holliday
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Danxin Wang
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Center for Pharmacogenomics and Precision Medicine, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jatinder K Lamba
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,UF Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Young Sick Kim
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Gian Andrea Pelliccioni
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Section of Dentistry-Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Mihaly Vaszilko
- Department of Oro-Maxillofacial Surgery and Stomatology, Semmelweis University Dental School, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Janos P Kosa
- Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bernadett Balla
- Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Peter A Lakatos
- Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Joseph Katz
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diagnostic Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jan Moreb
- Novant Health Forsyth Medical Center, Hematology, Transplantation, and Cellular Therapy Division, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Yan Gong
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Center for Pharmacogenomics and Precision Medicine, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,UF Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, FL, USA
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19
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Culibrk RA, Arabiyat AS, DeKalb CA, Hahn MS. Modeling Sympathetic Hyperactivity in Alzheimer's Related Bone Loss. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 84:647-658. [PMID: 34569964 DOI: 10.3233/jad-215007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A significant subset of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) exhibit low bone mineral density and are therefore more fracture-prone, relative to their similarly aged neurotypical counterparts. In addition to chronic immune hyperactivity, behavioral dysregulation of effector peripheral sympathetic neurons-which densely innervate bone and potently modulate bone remodeling-is implicated in this pathological bone reformation. OBJECTIVE Thus, there exists a pressing need for a robust in vitro model which allows interrogation of the paracrine interactions between the putative mediators of AD-related osteopenia: sympathetic neurons (SNs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). METHODS Toward this end, activated SN-like PC12 cells and bone marrow derived MSCs were cultured in poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) hydrogels in the presence or absence of the AD-relevant inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) under mono- and co-culture conditions. RESULTS PC12s and MSCs exposed separately to TNF-α displayed increased expression of pro-inflammatory mediators and decreased osteopontin (OPN), respectively. These data indicate that TNF-α was capable of inducing a dysregulated state in both cell types consistent with AD. Co-culture of TNF-α-activated PC12s and MSCs further exacerbated pathological behaviors in both cell types. Specifically, PC12s displayed increased secretion of interleukin 6 relative to TNF-α stimulated monoculture controls. Similarly, MSCs demonstrated a further reduction in osteogenic capacity relative to TNF-α stimulated monoculture controls, as illustrated by a significant decrease in OPN and collagen type I alpha I chain. CONCLUSION Taken together, these data may indicate that dysregulated sympathetic activity may contribute to AD-related bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A Culibrk
- Hahn Tissue Lab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Ahmad S Arabiyat
- Hahn Tissue Lab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Carisa A DeKalb
- Hahn Tissue Lab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Mariah S Hahn
- Hahn Tissue Lab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
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20
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Jauković A, Kukolj T, Obradović H, Okić-Đorđević I, Mojsilović S, Bugarski D. Inflammatory niche: Mesenchymal stromal cell priming by soluble mediators. World J Stem Cells 2020; 12:922-937. [PMID: 33033555 PMCID: PMC7524701 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v12.i9.922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells of stromal origin that possess self-renewal capacity and the ability to differentiate into multiple mesodermal cell lineages. They play a critical role in tissue homeostasis and wound healing, as well as in regulating the inflammatory microenvironment through interactions with immune cells. Hence, MSCs have garnered great attention as promising candidates for tissue regeneration and cell therapy. Because the inflammatory niche plays a key role in triggering the reparative and immunomodulatory functions of MSCs, priming of MSCs with bioactive molecules has been proposed as a way to foster the therapeutic potential of these cells. In this paper, we review how soluble mediators of the inflammatory niche (cytokines and alarmins) influence the regenerative and immunomodulatory capacity of MSCs, highlighting the major advantages and concerns regarding the therapeutic potential of these inflammatory primed MSCs. The data summarized in this review may provide a significant starting point for future research on priming MSCs and establishing standardized methods for the application of preconditioned MSCs in cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Jauković
- Laboratory for Experimental Hematology and Stem Cells, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade 11129, Serbia
| | - Tamara Kukolj
- Laboratory for Experimental Hematology and Stem Cells, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade 11129, Serbia
| | - Hristina Obradović
- Laboratory for Experimental Hematology and Stem Cells, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade 11129, Serbia
| | - Ivana Okić-Đorđević
- Laboratory for Experimental Hematology and Stem Cells, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade 11129, Serbia
| | - Slavko Mojsilović
- Laboratory for Experimental Hematology and Stem Cells, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade 11129, Serbia
| | - Diana Bugarski
- Laboratory for Experimental Hematology and Stem Cells, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade 11129, Serbia
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21
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Polyphenols in Dental Applications. Bioengineering (Basel) 2020; 7:bioengineering7030072. [PMID: 32645860 PMCID: PMC7552636 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering7030072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: polyphenols are a broad class of molecules extracted from plants and have a large repertoire of biological activities. Biomimetic inspiration from the effects of tea or red wine on the surface of cups or glass lead to the emergence of versatile surface chemistry with polyphenols. Owing to their hydrogen bonding abilities, coordination chemistry with metallic cations and redox properties, polyphenols are able to interact, covalently or not, with a large repertoire of chemical moieties, and can hence be used to modify the surface chemistry of almost all classes of materials. (2) Methods: the use of polyphenols to modify the surface properties of dental materials, mostly enamel and dentin, to afford them with better adhesion to resins and improved biological properties, such as antimicrobial activity, started more than 20 years ago, but no general overview has been written to our knowledge. (3) Results: the present review is aimed to show that molecules from all the major classes of polyphenolics allow for low coast improvements of dental materials and engineering of dental tissues.
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22
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Zhou H, Li X, Yin Y, He XT, An Y, Tian BM, Hong YL, Wu LA, Chen FM. The proangiogenic effects of extracellular vesicles secreted by dental pulp stem cells derived from periodontally compromised teeth. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:110. [PMID: 32143712 PMCID: PMC7060605 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01614-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Although dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) isolated from periodontally compromised teeth (P-DPSCs) have been demonstrated to retain pluripotency and regenerative potential, their use as therapeutics remains largely unexplored. In this study, we investigated the proangiogenic effects of extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by P-DPSCs using in vitro and in vivo testing models. Methods Patient-matched DPSCs derived from periodontally healthy teeth (H-DPSCs) were used as the control for P-DPSCs. Conditioned media (CMs) derived from H-DPSCs and P-DPSCs (H-CM and P-CM), CMs derived from both cell types pretreated with the EV secretion blocker GW4869 (H-GW and P-GW), and EVs secreted by H-DPSCs and P-DPSCs (H-EVs and P-EVs) were prepared to test their proangiogenic effects on endothelial cells (ECs). Cell proliferation, migration, and tube formation were assessed using the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), transwell/scratch wound healing, and Matrigel assays, respectively. Specifically, quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot analysis were used to examine the expression levels of angiogenesis-related genes/proteins in ECs in response to EV-based incubation. Finally, a full-thickness skin defect model was applied to test the effects of EVs on wound healing and new vessel formation. Results Both H-CM and P-CM promoted EC angiogenesis, but the proangiogenic effects were compromised when ECs were incubated in H-GW and P-GW, wherein the EV secretion was blocked by pretreatment with GW4869. In EV-based incubations, although both H-EVs and P-EVs were found to enhance the angiogenesis-related activities of ECs, P-EVs exerted a more robust potential to stimulate EC proliferation, migration, and tube formation. In addition, P-EVs led to higher expression levels of angiogenesis-related genes/proteins in ECs than H-EVs. Similarly, both P-EVs and H-EVs were found to accelerate wound healing and promote vascularization across skin defects in mice, but wounds treated with P-EVs resulted in a quicker healing outcome and enhanced new vessel formation. Conclusions The findings of the present study provide additional evidence that P-DPSCs derived from periodontally diseased teeth represent a potential source of cells for research and therapeutic use. Particularly, the proangiogenic effects of P-EVs suggest that P-DPSCs may be used to promote new vessel formation in cellular therapy and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Tao He
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying An
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Bei-Min Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Long Hong
- Stomatology Center, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Li-An Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Fa-Ming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
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23
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Yang G, Singh S, Chen Y, Hamadeh IS, Langaee T, McDonough CW, Holliday LS, Lamba JK, Moreb JS, Katz J, Gong Y. Pharmacogenomics of osteonecrosis of the jaw. Bone 2019; 124:75-82. [PMID: 31022475 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2019.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) is a rare but serious drug induced adverse event, mainly associated with the use of antiresorptive medications, such as intravenous (IV) bisphosphonates (BPs) in cancer patients. In this review, we evaluated all the pharmacogenomic association studies for ONJ published up to December 2018. To date, two SNPs (CYP2C8 rs1934951 and RBMS3 rs17024608) were identified to be associated with ONJ by two genome-wide association studies (GWAS). However, all six subsequent candidate gene studies failed to replicate these results. In addition, six discovery candidate gene studies tried to identify the genetic markers in several genes associated with bone remodeling, bone mineral density, or osteoporosis. After evaluating the results of these 6 studies, none of the SNPs was significantly associated with ONJ. Recently, two whole-exome sequencing (WES) analysis (including one from our group) were performed to identify variants associated with ONJ. So far, only our study successfully replicated discovery result indicating SIRT1 SNP rs7896005 to be associated with ONJ. However, this SNP also did not reach genome-wide significance. The major limitations of these studies include lack of replication phases and limited sample sizes. Even though some studies had larger sample sizes, they recruited healthy individuals as controls, not subjects treated with BPs. We conclude that a GWAS with a larger sample size followed by replication phase will be needed to fully investigate the pharmacogenomic markers of ONJ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Yang
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research, Center for Pharmacogenomics and Precision Medicine, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Sonal Singh
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research, Center for Pharmacogenomics and Precision Medicine, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Yiqing Chen
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research, Center for Pharmacogenomics and Precision Medicine, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Issam S Hamadeh
- Cancer Pharmacology Department, Levine Cancer Institute, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Taimour Langaee
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research, Center for Pharmacogenomics and Precision Medicine, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Caitrin W McDonough
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research, Center for Pharmacogenomics and Precision Medicine, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - L Shannon Holliday
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jatinder K Lamba
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research, Center for Pharmacogenomics and Precision Medicine, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; UF Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jan S Moreb
- Novant Health Forsyth Medical Center, Hematology, Transplantation and Cellular Therapy Division, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Joseph Katz
- Department of Oral Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Yan Gong
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research, Center for Pharmacogenomics and Precision Medicine, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; UF Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, FL, USA.
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24
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Hou W, Ye C, Chen M, Li W, Gao X, He R, Zheng Q, Zhang W. Bergenin Activates SIRT1 as a Novel Therapeutic Agent for Osteogenesis of Bone Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:618. [PMID: 31258473 PMCID: PMC6586741 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are important candidates for bone regeneration. The role of Bergenin, a C-glucoside of 4-O-methyl gallic acid obtained from the species, Bergenia, in BMSC osteogenesis has not yet been elucidated. We therefore investigated the effects of Bergenin on the osteogenesis of BMSCs and found that Bergenin enhanced osteoblast-specific markers and downregulated the adipocyte-specific markers in vitro. Furthermore, using a rat calvarial defect model, we found that Bergenin significantly improved bone healing, as determined by imaging and histological analyses. Moreover, it also upregulated SIRT1 expression. A SIRT1 inhibitor (EX 527) decreased the enhanced bone mineral formation caused by Bergenin. Taken together, these findings show that Bergenin accelerated the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs, at least partly through the activation of SIRT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiduo Hou
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Research institute of Orthopaedics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chenyi Ye
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Research institute of Orthopaedics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mo Chen
- Department of Rheumatology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weixu Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Research institute of Orthopaedics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Research institute of Orthopaedics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rongxin He
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Research institute of Orthopaedics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiang Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Research institute of Orthopaedics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Research institute of Orthopaedics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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25
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An Investigation about Gene Modules Associated with hDPSC Differentiation for Adolescents. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:8913287. [PMID: 31089336 PMCID: PMC6476005 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8913287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) have the property of self-renewal and multidirectional differentiation so that they have the potential for future regenerative therapy of various diseases. The latest breakthrough in the biology of stem cells and the development of regenerative biology provides an effective strategy for regenerative therapy. However, in the medium promoting differentiation during long-term passage, DPSCs would lose their differentiation capability. Some efforts have been made to find genes influencing human DPSC (hDPSC) differentiation based on hDPSCs isolated from adults. However, hDPSC differentiation is a very complex process, which involves multiple genes and multielement interactions. The purpose of this study is to detect sets of correlated genes (i.e., gene modules) that are associated to hDPSC differentiation at the crown-completed stage of the third molars, by using weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA). Based on the gene expression dataset GSE10444 from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), we identified two significant gene modules: yellow module (742 genes) and salmon module (9 genes). The WEB-based Gene SeT AnaLysis Toolkit showed that the 742 genes in the yellow module were enriched in 59 KEGG pathways (including Wnt signaling pathway), while the 9 genes in the salmon module were enriched in one KEGG pathway (neurotrophin signaling pathway). There were 660 (7) genes upregulated at P10 and 82 (2) genes downregulated at P10 in the yellow (salmon) module. Our results provide new insights into the differentiation capability of hDPSCs.
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26
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Li P, Wang Y, Liu X, Zhou Z, Wang J, Zhou H, Zheng L, Yang L. Atypical antipsychotics induce human osteoblasts apoptosis via Wnt/β-catenin signaling. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2019; 20:10. [PMID: 30755277 PMCID: PMC6373048 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-019-0287-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There is evidence that atypical antipsychotics (APs) increase risk of osteoporosis in schizophrenia patients, however the mechanism is unclear. The aim of the study was to explore the molecular mechanisms about Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway underlying the osteal side effects of APs. Methods We cultured human osteoblast cell line hFob1. 19 (OB) treatments with olanzapine, risperidone, amisulpride, aripiprazole or resveratrol in vitro. OB cells viability was detected by cell viability assay. OB cells apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry (FCM). Further apoptosis-related marker and β-catenin expression was analyzed by Western blot and Immunofluorescence analysis. Results Compared with the control group, proliferation of OB cells decreased and apoptosis rates of OB cells increased significantly in APs group (p < 0.05). There were a reduced level of Bcl-2, Mcl-1 (antiapoptotic marker) and an elevated level of Bax, Cleaved-Caspase3 (proapoptotic marker) in APs group (p < 0.05). Simultaneously, β-catenin expression decreased in cytoplasm and nucleus (p < 0.05). Compared with the just APs group, the apoptosis rates decreased and β-catenin expression increased significantly in resevratrol combined with APs group (p < 0.05). Correlation analysis showed positive correlation between β-catenin expression and the apoptotic rate in OB cells (r = − 0.515, p < 0.05). Conclusions APs cause OB cells apoptosis relating to Wnt/β-catenin signaling while resevratrol could reverse this phenomenon. Our study could lay the foundation for overcoming the APs-induced osteal side effects to improve the life quality of schizophrenia patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peifan Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Affiliated to Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Yiming Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Affiliated to Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China. .,Neuroelectrophysiological testing center, Hospital Affiliated to Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China. .,Undergraduate mental health education and counseling center, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China.
| | - Xingde Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Affiliated to Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China.
| | - Zhen Zhou
- Clinical research center, Hospital Affiliated to Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Clinical research center, Hospital Affiliated to Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Haiyan Zhou
- Clinical research center, Hospital Affiliated to Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Lei Zheng
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Affiliated to Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Lixia Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Affiliated to Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
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27
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Hsu YC, Wu YT, Tsai CL, Wei YH. Current understanding and future perspectives of the roles of sirtuins in the reprogramming and differentiation of pluripotent stem cells. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2019; 243:563-575. [PMID: 29557214 DOI: 10.1177/1535370218759636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In mammalian cells, there are seven members of the sirtuin protein family (SIRT1-7). SIRT1, SIRT6, and SIRT7 catalyze posttranslational modification of proteins in the nucleus, SIRT3, SIRT4, and SIRT5 are in the mitochondria and SIRT2 is in the cytosol. SIRT1 can deacetylate the transcription factor SOX2 and regulate induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) reprogramming through the miR-34a-SIRT1-p53 axis. SIRT2 can regulate the function of pluripotent stem cells through GSK3β. SIRT3 can positively regulate PPAR gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α) expression during the differentiation of stem cells. SIRT4 has no direct role in regulating reprogramming but may have the potential to prevent senescence of somatic cells and to facilitate the reprogramming of iPSCs. SIRT5 can deacetylate STAT3, which is an important transcription factor in regulating pluripotency and differentiation of stem cells. SIRT6 can enhance the reprogramming efficiency of iPSCs from aged skin fibroblasts through miR-766 and increase the expression levels of the reprogramming genes including Sox2, Oct4, and Nanog through acetylation of histone H3 lysine 56. SIRT7 plays a regulatory role in the process of mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET), which has been suggested to be a crucial process in the generation of iPSCs from fibroblasts. In this review, we summarize recent findings of the roles of sirtuins in the metabolic reprogramming and differentiation of stem cells and discuss the bidirectional changes in the gene expression and activities of sirtuins in the commitment of differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and reprogramming of somatic cells to iPSCs, respectively. Thus, understanding the molecular basis of the interplay between different sirtuins and mitochondrial function will provide new insights into the regulation of differentiation of stem cells and iPSCs formation, respectively, and may help design effective stem cell therapies for regenerative medicine. Impact statement This is an extensive review of the recent advances in our understanding of the roles of some members of the sirtuins family, such as SIRT1, SIRT2, SIRT3, and SIRT6, in the regulation of intermediary metabolism during stem cell differentiation and in the reprogramming of somatic cells to form induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). This article provides an updated integrated view on the mechanisms by which sirtuins-mediated posttranslational protein modifications regulate mitochondrial biogenesis, bioenergetics, and antioxidant defense in the maintenance and differentiation of stem cells and in iPSCs formation, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chao Hsu
- 1 Institute of Biomedical Sciences, 145474 Mackay Medical College , New Taipei City 252, Taiwan.,*These two authors made equal contributions
| | - Yu-Ting Wu
- 2 Center for Mitochondrial Medicine and Free Radical Research, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua City 500, Taiwan.,*These two authors made equal contributions
| | - Chia-Ling Tsai
- 1 Institute of Biomedical Sciences, 145474 Mackay Medical College , New Taipei City 252, Taiwan
| | - Yau-Huei Wei
- 1 Institute of Biomedical Sciences, 145474 Mackay Medical College , New Taipei City 252, Taiwan.,2 Center for Mitochondrial Medicine and Free Radical Research, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua City 500, Taiwan
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28
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Bartoli-Leonard F, Wilkinson FL, Langford-Smith AWW, Alexander MY, Weston R. The Interplay of SIRT1 and Wnt Signaling in Vascular Calcification. Front Cardiovasc Med 2018; 5:183. [PMID: 30619890 PMCID: PMC6305318 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2018.00183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular calcification is a major health risk and is highly correlated with atherosclerosis, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease. The development of vascular calcification is an active and complex process linked with a multitude of signaling pathways, which regulate promoters and inhibitors of osteogenesis, the balance of which become deregulated in disease conditions. SIRT1, a protein deacetylase, known to be protective in inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammation within the vessel wall, has been shown as a possible key player in modulating the cell-fate determining canonical Wnt signaling pathways. Suppression of SIRT1 has been reported in patients suffering with cardiovascular pathologies, suggesting that the sustained acetylation of osteogenic factors could contribute to their activation and in turn, lead to the progression of calcification. There is clear evidence of the synergy between β-Catenin and elevated Runx2, and with Wnt signaling being β-Catenin dependent, further understanding is needed as to how these molecular pathways converge and interact, in order to provide novel insight into the mechanism by which smooth muscle cells switch to an osteogenic differentiation programme. Therefore, this review will describe the current concepts of pathological soft tissue mineralization, with a focus on the contribution of SIRT1 as a regulator of Wnt signaling and its targets, discussing SIRT1 as a potential target for manipulation and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Bartoli-Leonard
- Translational Cardiovascular Science, Centre for Bioscience, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Fiona L Wilkinson
- Translational Cardiovascular Science, Centre for Bioscience, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Alex W W Langford-Smith
- Translational Cardiovascular Science, Centre for Bioscience, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - M Y Alexander
- Translational Cardiovascular Science, Centre for Bioscience, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Ria Weston
- Translational Cardiovascular Science, Centre for Bioscience, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
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29
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Yu F, Yuan Y, Li D, Kou Y, Jiang B, Zhang P. The effect of lentivirus-mediated SIRT1 gene knockdown in the ATDC5 cell line via inhibition of the Wnt signaling pathway. Cell Signal 2018; 53:80-89. [PMID: 30266380 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2018.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
SIRT1 is a highly conserved type III acetyltransferase gene located on chromosome 10 in mammals that belong to the Sirtuins family. In order to explore the effects of the SIRT1 gene in the ATDC5 cell line, an RNAi SIRT1 target sequence was designed and synthesized, aimed to knockdown the expression of SIRT1 in ATDC5 by a lentivirus. Gene chip, qrt-PCR, and WES analyses were used to detect the expression of SIRT1 and changes to the Wnt signaling pathway, while detecting any changes in proliferation and differentiation factors. The results showed that the expressions of the SIRT1 gene, mRNA, and protein were lower after transfection of the RNAi SIRT1sequence into ATDC5 cells. The Wnt signaling pathway, especially the classical pathway, was inhibited by the knockdown of SIRT1. The cartilaginous proliferation and differentiation of ATDC5 cells were simultaneously inhibited, and apoptosis was accelerated. In summary, knocking down SIRT1 gene increased the degeneration of ATDC5 cells via inhibiting the Wnt signaling pathway. We also found some novel factors related to the Wnt signaling pathway after SIRT1 gene knockdown (BIRC3, IL1RAP, PPP3CA, PPP2R2A, PPP2R5E, GSN, PPP2R1B, etc), which might provide new clues in disease research related to chondrocyte degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Yu
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yusong Yuan
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Dongdong Li
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuhui Kou
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Baoguo Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Peixun Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.
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30
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Abstract
Stem cell aging is a process in which stem cells progressively lose their ability to self-renew or differentiate, succumb to senescence or apoptosis, and eventually become functionally depleted. Unresolved oxidative stress and concomitant oxidative damages of cellular macromolecules including nucleic acids, proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates have been recognized to contribute to stem cell aging. Excessive production of reactive oxygen species and insufficient cellular antioxidant reserves compromise cell repair and metabolic homeostasis, which serves as a mechanistic switch for a variety of aging-related pathways. Understanding the molecular trigger, regulation, and outcomes of those signaling networks is critical for developing novel therapies for aging-related diseases by targeting stem cell aging. Here we explore the key features of stem cell aging biology, with an emphasis on the roles of oxidative stress in the aging process at the molecular level. As a concept of cytoprotection of stem cells in transplantation, we also discuss how systematic enhancement of endogenous antioxidant capacity before or during graft into tissues can potentially raise the efficacy of clinical therapy. Finally, future directions for elucidating the control of oxidative stress and developing preventive/curative strategies against stem cell aging are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Chen
- 1 State Key Discipline of Infectious Diseases and Chemical Biology Laboratory for Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yingxia Liu
- 1 State Key Discipline of Infectious Diseases and Chemical Biology Laboratory for Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Nai-Kei Wong
- 1 State Key Discipline of Infectious Diseases and Chemical Biology Laboratory for Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jia Xiao
- 1 State Key Discipline of Infectious Diseases and Chemical Biology Laboratory for Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China.,2 Department of Immunobiology, Institute of Tissue Transplantation and Immunology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kwok-Fai So
- 3 GMH Institute of CNS Regeneration, Guangdong Medical Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Diseases, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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31
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Di Benedetto A, Posa F, De Maria S, Ravagnan G, Ballini A, Porro C, Trotta T, Grano M, Muzio LL, Mori G. Polydatin, Natural Precursor of Resveratrol, Promotes Osteogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Int J Med Sci 2018; 15:944-952. [PMID: 30008608 PMCID: PMC6036093 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.24111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone loss and fractures are consequences of aging, diseases or traumas. Furthermore the increased number of aged people, due to the rise of life expectancy, needs more strategies to limit the bone loss and regenerate the lost tissue, ameliorating the life quality of patients. A great interest for non-pharmacological therapies based on natural compounds is emerging and focusing on the oligostilbene Polydatin, present in many kinds of fruits and vegetables, when resveratrol particularly in red wines. These molecules have been extensively studied due to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, showing more recently Resveratrol the ability to enhance osteogenic differentiation and bone formation. However, the clinical applications of Resveratrol are limited due to its low bioavailability and rapid metabolism, while its natural glycosilated precursor Polydatin shows better metabolic stability and major abundance in fresh fruits and vegetables. Nevertheless the role of Polydatin on osteogenic differentiation is still unexplored. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from dental tissues, such as dental bud stem cells (DBSCs), are able to differentiate toward osteogenic lineage: thus we investigated how Resveratrol and Polydatin influence the differentiation of DBSCs, eventually affecting bone formation. Our results showed that Polydatin increases MSCs osteogenic differentiation sharing similar properties with Resveratrol. These results encourage to deepen the effects of this molecule on bone health and its associated mechanisms of action, wishing for the future a successful use in bone loss prevention and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Di Benedetto
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Francesca Posa
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
- Max Planck Institute for Medical Research and Institute of Physical Chemistry, Department of Biophysical Chemistry, University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Salvatore De Maria
- Glures srl. Unità Operativa di Napoli, spin off accademico dell'Università di Venezia Cà Foscari, Italy
| | - Giampietro Ravagnan
- Glures srl. Unità Operativa di Napoli, spin off accademico dell'Università di Venezia Cà Foscari, Italy
| | - Andrea Ballini
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Organs of Senses, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Chiara Porro
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Teresa Trotta
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Maria Grano
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Lo Muzio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Giorgio Mori
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
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Yang G, Hamadeh IS, Katz J, Riva A, Lakatos P, Balla B, Kosa J, Vaszilko M, Pelliccioni GA, Davis N, Langaee TY, Moreb JS, Gong Y. SIRT1/HERC4 Locus Associated With Bisphosphonate-Induced Osteonecrosis of the Jaw: An Exome-Wide Association Analysis. J Bone Miner Res 2018; 33:91-98. [PMID: 28856724 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.3285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 08/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) is a rare, but serious drug side effect, mainly associated with the use of intravenous (iv) bisphosphonates (BPs). The purpose of this study was to identify genetic variants associated with ONJ in patients of European ancestry treated with iv BPs using whole-exome sequencing (WES). The WES phase 1 included 44 multiple myeloma patients (22 ONJ cases and 22 controls) and WES phase 2 included 17 ONJ patients with solid tumors. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), adjusting for age, sex, and principal components for ancestry. Meta-analysis of WES phase 1 and 2 was performed to estimate the combined ORs. In silico analyses were then performed to identify expression quantitative loci (eQTL) single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that are in high linkage disequilibrium (LD) with the top SNPs. The associations of the potentially functional SNPs were replicated and validated in an independent case-control study of 48 patients of European ancestry treated with iv BPs (19 ONJ cases and 29 controls). The top SNPs in the exome-wide association meta-analysis were two SNPs on chromosome 10: SIRT1 SNP rs7896005 and HERC4 SNP rs3758392 with identical OR of 0.07 (0.01-0.46; p = 3.83 × 10-5 ). In the in silico functional analyses, two promoter region SNPs (rs7894483 and rs3758391) were identified to be in high LD with the index SNPs and are eQTLs for SIRT1 gene in whole blood in the GTEx database. The ORs were 0.30 (0.10-0.88), 0.26 (0.12-0.55), and 0.26 (0.12-0.55) for the WES top SNP rs7896005 and two promoter SNPs rs7894483 and rs3758391, respectively, in the replication sample. In summary, we identified the SIRT1/HERC4 locus on chromosome 10 to be associated with iv BP-induced ONJ and two promoter SNPs that might be the potential genetic markers for this association. © 2017 The Authors.Journal of Bone and Mineral Research Published by Wiley Periodicals Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Yang
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research and Center for Pharmacogenomics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Issam S Hamadeh
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research and Center for Pharmacogenomics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Cancer Pharmacology Department, Levine Cancer Institute, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Joseph Katz
- Department of Oral Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Alberto Riva
- Bioinformatics Core, Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Peter Lakatos
- 1st Department of Medicine, Semmelweis University Medical School, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Janos Kosa
- 1st Department of Medicine, Semmelweis University Medical School, Budapest, Hungary.,PentaCore Laboratory, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mihaly Vaszilko
- Department of Oro-Maxillofacial Surgery and Stomatology, Semmelweis University Dental School, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gian Andrea Pelliccioni
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Section of Dentistry, Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Noa Davis
- Micromedic Technologies Ltd., Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Taimour Y Langaee
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research and Center for Pharmacogenomics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jan S Moreb
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Yan Gong
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research and Center for Pharmacogenomics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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O'Callaghan C, Vassilopoulos A. Sirtuins at the crossroads of stemness, aging, and cancer. Aging Cell 2017; 16:1208-1218. [PMID: 28994177 PMCID: PMC5676072 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Sirtuins are stress‐responsive proteins that direct various post‐translational modifications (PTMs) and as a result, are considered to be master regulators of several cellular processes. They are known to both extend lifespan and regulate spontaneous tumor development. As both aging and cancer are associated with altered stem cell function, the possibility that the involvement of sirtuins in these events is mediated by their roles in stem cells is worthy of investigation. Research to date suggests that the individual sirtuin family members can differentially regulate embryonic, hematopoietic as well as other adult stem cells in a tissue‐ and cell type‐specific context. Sirtuin‐driven regulation of both cell differentiation and signaling pathways previously involved in stem cell maintenance has been described where downstream effectors involved determine the biological outcome. Similarly, diverse roles have been reported in cancer stem cells (CSCs), depending on the tissue of origin. This review highlights the current knowledge which places sirtuins at the intersection of stem cells, aging, and cancer. By outlining the plethora of stem cell‐related roles for individual sirtuins in various contexts, our purpose was to provide an indication of their significance in relation to cancer and aging, as well as to generate a clearer picture of their therapeutic potential. Finally, we propose future directions which will contribute to the better understanding of sirtuins, thereby further unraveling the full repertoire of sirtuin functions in both normal stem cells and CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol O'Callaghan
- Laboratory for Molecular Cancer Biology Department of Radiation Oncology Feinberg School of Medicine Northwestern University Chicago IL USA
| | - Athanassios Vassilopoulos
- Laboratory for Molecular Cancer Biology Department of Radiation Oncology Feinberg School of Medicine Northwestern University Chicago IL USA
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center Northwestern University Chicago IL USA
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Tomasello L, Mauceri R, Coppola A, Pitrone M, Pizzo G, Campisi G, Pizzolanti G, Giordano C. Mesenchymal stem cells derived from inflamed dental pulpal and gingival tissue: a potential application for bone formation. Stem Cell Res Ther 2017; 8:179. [PMID: 28764802 PMCID: PMC5540218 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-017-0633-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic periodontal disease is an infectious disease consisting of prolonged inflammation of the supporting tooth tissue and resulting in bone loss. Guided bone regeneration procedures have become common and safe treatments in dentistry, and in this context dental stem cells would represent the ideal solution as autologous cells. In this study, we verified the ability of dental pulp mesenchymal stem cells (DPSCs) and gingival mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs) harvested from periodontally affected teeth to produce new mineralized bone tissue in vitro, and compared this to cells from healthy teeth. Methods To characterize DPSCs and GMSCs, we assessed colony-forming assay, immunophenotyping, mesenchymal/stem cell phenotyping, stem gene profiling by means of flow cytometry, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The effects of proinflammatory cytokines on mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) proliferation and differentiation potential were investigated. We also observed participation of several heat shock proteins (HSPs) and actin-depolymerizing factors (ADFs) during osteogenic differentiation. Results DPSCs and GMSCs were successfully isolated both from periodontally affected dental tissue and controls. Periodontally affected dental MSCs proliferated faster, and the inflamed environment did not affect MSC marker expressions. The calcium deposition was higher in periodontally affected MSCs than in the control group. Proinflammatory cytokines activate a cytoskeleton remodeling, interacting with HSPs including HSP90 and HSPA9, thioredoxin-1, and ADFs such as as profilin-1, cofilin-1, and vinculin that probably mediate the increased acquisition in the inflamed environment. Conclusions Our findings provide evidence that periodontally affected dental tissue (both pulp and gingiva) can be used as a source of MSCs with intact stem cell properties. Moreover, we demonstrated that the osteogenic capability of DPSCs and GMSCs in the test group was not only preserved but increased by the overexpression of several proinflammatory cytokine-dependent chaperones and stress response proteins. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13287-017-0633-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Tomasello
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine "Aldo Galluzzo", Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University of Palermo, Piazza Delle Cliniche 2, 90127, Palermo, Italy.,Advanced Technologies Network Center, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Rodolfo Mauceri
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonina Coppola
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine "Aldo Galluzzo", Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University of Palermo, Piazza Delle Cliniche 2, 90127, Palermo, Italy.,Advanced Technologies Network Center, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Maria Pitrone
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine "Aldo Galluzzo", Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University of Palermo, Piazza Delle Cliniche 2, 90127, Palermo, Italy.,Advanced Technologies Network Center, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Pizzo
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Campisi
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Pizzolanti
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine "Aldo Galluzzo", Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University of Palermo, Piazza Delle Cliniche 2, 90127, Palermo, Italy.,Advanced Technologies Network Center, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Carla Giordano
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine "Aldo Galluzzo", Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University of Palermo, Piazza Delle Cliniche 2, 90127, Palermo, Italy. .,Advanced Technologies Network Center, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
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