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Kurita S, Tsutsumimoto K, Kiuchi Y, Nishimoto K, Harada K, Shimada H. Cross-sectional associations between sedentary time with cognitive engagement and brain volume among community-dwelling vulnerable older adults. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24:82-89. [PMID: 38140759 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Vulnerable older adults tend to decrease physical activity (PA) and increase sedentary time (ST). Previous research on the associations between ST and brain volume have yielded inconsistent findings, without considering the impact of cognitive engagement (CE) on cognitive function. We aimed to examine the association between ST with CE and brain volume. METHODS A structural magnetic resonance imaging survey was conducted among community-dwelling vulnerable older adults. Brain volumetric measurements were obtained using 3T magnetic resonance imaging and pre-processed using FreeSurfer. ST with low or high CE was assessed using a 12-item questionnaire. PA was assessed by the frequency of light and moderate levels of physical exercise according to the Japanese version of the Cardiovascular Health Study criteria. Participants were categorized into a low PA group and a moderate-to-high PA group. RESULTS Among 91 participants (83.1 ± 5.2 years old, 61.5% female), 26 were low PA. The overall sample and moderate-to-high PA group did not show significant positive associations with brain volume for ST with high CE. In the low PA group, isotemporal substitution models showed that replacing ST with low CE by ST with high CE was significantly associated with increased brain volume in some areas, including the rostral and caudal anterior cingulate (β = 0.486-0.618, all P < 0.05, adjusted R2 = 0.344-0.663). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that replacing ST with low CE by ST with high CE is positively associated with brain volume in vulnerable older adults with low PA. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 82-89.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Kurita
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Kota Tsutsumimoto
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Yuto Kiuchi
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kazuhei Nishimoto
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
- Department of Medical Sciences, Medical Science Division, Graduate School of Medicine, Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan
| | - Kenji Harada
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Shimada
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
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Nuernberger M, Finke K, Nuernberger L, Ruiz-Rizzo AL, Gaser C, Klingner C, Witte OW, Brodoehl S. Visual stimulation by extensive visual media consumption can be beneficial for motor learning. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22056. [PMID: 38086999 PMCID: PMC10716399 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49415-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In this randomized controlled intervention trial, we investigated whether intense visual stimulation through television watching can enhance visual information processing and motor learning performance. 74 healthy young adults were trained in a motor skill with visual information processing demands while being accommodated in a controlled environment for five days. The experimental manipulation (n = 37) consisted of prolonged television watching (i.e., 8 h/day, + 62.5% on average) to induce intense exposure to visual stimulation. The control group (n = 37) did not consume visual media. The groups were compared by motor learning performance throughout the study as well as pre/post visual attention parameters and resting-state network connectivity in functional MRI. We found that the intervention group performed significantly better in the motor learning task (+ 8.21% (95%-CI[12.04, 4.31], t(70) = 4.23, p < 0.001) while showing an increased capacity of visual short-term memory (+ 0.254, t(58) = - 3.19, p = 0.002) and increased connectivity between visual and motor-learning associated resting-state networks. Our findings suggest that the human brain might enter a state of accentuated visuomotor integration to support the implementation of motor learning with visual information processing demands if challenged by ample input of visual stimulation. Further investigation is needed to evaluate the persistence of this effect regarding participants exposed to accustomed amounts of visual media consumption.Clinical Trials Registration: This trial was registered in the German Clinical Trials Register/Deutsches Register klinischer Studien (DRKS): DRKS00019955.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Nuernberger
- Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany.
- Biomagnetic Center, Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany.
| | - Kathrin Finke
- Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Lisa Nuernberger
- Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
- Biomagnetic Center, Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Adriana L Ruiz-Rizzo
- Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Christian Gaser
- Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
- Biomagnetic Center, Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
- German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Carsten Klingner
- Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
- Biomagnetic Center, Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Otto W Witte
- Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Stefan Brodoehl
- Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
- Biomagnetic Center, Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
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