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Santamaria-Garcia H, Corley M, Ibañez A. Editorial: Sociobiological interactions in brain health: from disparities to social epigenomics. Front Aging Neurosci 2024; 16:1407486. [PMID: 38655432 PMCID: PMC11036412 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1407486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hernando Santamaria-Garcia
- PhD Program of Neuroscience, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
- Center for Memory and Cognition, Hospital Universitario San Ignacio, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Michael Corley
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Agustin Ibañez
- Latin American Brain Health Institute, Universidad Adolfo Ibañez, Santiago de Chile, Chile
- Cognitive Neuroscience Center, Universidad de San Andrés, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Global Brain Health Institute (GBHI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Wing D, Eyler LT, Lenze EJ, Wetherell JL, Nichols JF, Meeusen R, Godino J, Shimony JS, Snyder AZ, Nishino T, Nicol GE, Nagels G, Roelands B. Fatness but Not Fitness Linked to BrainAge: Longitudinal Changes in Brain Aging during an Exercise Intervention. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2024; 56:655-662. [PMID: 38079309 PMCID: PMC10947938 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000003337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Fitness, physical activity, body composition, and sleep have all been proposed to explain differences in brain health. We hypothesized that an exercise intervention would result in improved fitness and body composition and would be associated with improved structural brain health. METHODS In a randomized controlled trial, we studied 485 older adults who engaged in an exercise intervention ( n = 225) or a nonexercise comparison condition ( n = 260). Using magnetic resonance imaging, we estimated the physiological age of the brain (BrainAge) and derived a predicted age difference compared with chronological age (brain-predicted age difference (BrainPAD)). Aerobic capacity, physical activity, sleep, and body composition were assessed and their impact on BrainPAD explored. RESULTS There were no significant differences between experimental groups for any variable at any time point. The intervention group gained fitness, improved body composition, and increased total sleep time but did not have significant changes in BrainPAD. Analyses of changes in BrainPAD independent of group assignment indicated significant associations with changes in body fat percentage ( r (479) = 0.154, P = 0.001), and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) ( r (478) = 0.141, P = 0.002), but not fitness ( r (406) = -0.075, P = 0.129), sleep ( r (467) range, -0.017 to 0.063; P range, 0.171 to 0.710), or physical activity ( r (471) = -0.035, P = 0.444). With linear regression, changes in body fat percentage and VAT significantly predicted changes in BrainPAD ( β = 0.948, P = 0.003) with 1-kg change in VAT predicting 0.948 yr of change in BrainPAD. CONCLUSIONS In cognitively normal older adults, exercise did not appear to impact BrainPAD, although it was effective in improving fitness and body composition. Changes in body composition, but not fitness, physical activity, or sleep impacted BrainPAD. These findings suggest that focus on weight control, particularly reduction of central obesity, could be an interventional target to promote healthier brains.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Wing
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health; University of California, San Diego, CA
- Exercise and Physical Activity Resource Center (EPARC); University of California, San Diego, CA
| | - Lisa T. Eyler
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, CA
- Desert-Pacific Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center, San Diego Veterans Administration Healthcare System, San Diego, CA
| | - Eric J. Lenze
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Julie Loebach Wetherell
- Mental Health Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, CA
| | - Jeanne F. Nichols
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health; University of California, San Diego, CA
- Exercise and Physical Activity Resource Center (EPARC); University of California, San Diego, CA
| | - Romain Meeusen
- Human Physiology & Sports Physiotherapy Research Group, Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, BELGIUM
- Brubotics, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, BELGIUM
| | - Job Godino
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health; University of California, San Diego, CA
- Exercise and Physical Activity Resource Center (EPARC); University of California, San Diego, CA
| | - Joshua S. Shimony
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Abraham Z. Snyder
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Tomoyuki Nishino
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Ginger E. Nicol
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Guy Nagels
- Department of Neurology, UZ Brussel, Brussel, Belgium/Center for Neurosciences (C4N) Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, BELGIUM
| | - Bart Roelands
- Human Physiology & Sports Physiotherapy Research Group, Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, BELGIUM
- Brubotics, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, BELGIUM
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Wills O, Probst Y, Haartsen J, McMahon A. The role of multidisciplinary MS care teams in supporting lifestyle behaviour changes to optimise brain health among people living with MS: A qualitative exploration of clinician perspectives. Health Expect 2024; 27:e14042. [PMID: 38576113 PMCID: PMC10995448 DOI: 10.1111/hex.14042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Healthcare professionals have an important role in advocating for the adoption of a brain-healthy lifestyle for optimal multiple sclerosis (MS) care. Nonetheless, studies to date have mainly focussed on the consumer perspective. Herein, we aimed to explore the current practices of how healthcare professionals support protective, lifestyle-related behaviour changes to optimise brain health among people living with MS (plwMS), and their perspectives of professional roles. METHODS Australian healthcare professionals were recruited via study advertisements, purposive and snowball sampling, to participate in an online, semi-structured and audio-recorded interview. Clinicians were eligible if they had a minimum of a tertiary Bachelor's degree and 12-months experience working with plwMS, access to the Internet and sufficient time to participant. An inductive, data-driven form of reflexive thematic analysis was undertaken before thematic categorisation of the quotes from transcripts. Data analysis was guided by the methods of Braun and Clark and the study's underpinnings drew on the constructs of the Social Cognitive Theory (SCT). RESULTS Six physicians, 10 MS nurses, 18 allied health professionals, one exercise therapist and one alternative therapist were interviewed. Three primary themes encompassing the perceived role of healthcare professionals in supporting a brain-healthy lifestyle were identified: (1) the empowering role, (2) collaborative role and (3) communicative role. External factors/forces including time constraints, professional expertise, training and skill set, power dynamics, consumer readiness, health literacy, self-efficacy and motivation are at play, and affect how/when healthcare professionals may support behaviour change to optimise lifelong brain health for plwMS. CONCLUSION Healthcare professionals recognise their critical role in encouraging and supporting the adoption of a brain-healthy lifestyle to optimise lifelong brain health for plwMS. However, discord is evident when they underestimate the complexity of translating knowledge of lifestyle-related behaviour change(s) into action. Greater awareness must be made in recognising and addressing the bidirectionality of external factors such as those in the SCT, that may influence how behaviour change occurs. PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION Healthcare professionals volunteered to be interviewed as part of the data collection phase of this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Wills
- School of Medical, Indigenous and Health SciencesUniversity of WollongongWollongongNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Yasmine Probst
- School of Medical, Indigenous and Health SciencesUniversity of WollongongWollongongNew South WalesAustralia
| | | | - Anne‐Therese McMahon
- School of Medical, Indigenous and Health SciencesUniversity of WollongongWollongongNew South WalesAustralia
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Gardener SL, Fuller SJ, Naismith SL, Baker L, Kivipelto M, Villemagne VL, Grieve SM, Yates P, Rainey‐Smith SR, Chen J, Thompson B, Armstrong NJ, Fernando MG, Blagojevic Castro C, Meghwar S, Raman R, Gleason A, Ireland C, Clarnette R, Anstey KJ, Taddei K, Garg M, Sohrabi HR, Martins RN. The AUstralian multidomain Approach to Reduce dementia Risk by prOtecting brain health With lifestyle intervention study (AU-ARROW): A study protocol for a single-blind, multi-site, randomized controlled trial. Alzheimers Dement (N Y) 2024; 10:e12466. [PMID: 38596483 PMCID: PMC11002765 DOI: 10.1002/trc2.12466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Finnish Geriatric Intervention Study (FINGER) led to the global dementia risk reduction initiative: World-Wide FINGERS (WW-FINGERS). As part of WW-FINGERS, the Australian AU-ARROW study mirrors aspects of FINGER, as well as US-POINTER. METHOD AU-ARROW is a randomized, single-blind, multisite, 2-year clinical trial (n = 600; aged 55-79). The multimodal lifestyle intervention group will engage in aerobic exercise, resistance training and stretching, dietary advice to encourage MIND diet adherence, BrainHQ cognitive training, and medical monitoring and health education. The Health Education and Coaching group will receive occasional health education sessions. The primary outcome measure is the change in a global composite cognitive score. Extra value will emanate from blood biomarker analysis, positron emission tomography (PET) imaging, brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and retinal biomarker tests. DISCUSSION The finalized AU-ARROW protocol is expected to allow development of an evidence-based innovative treatment plan to reduce cognitive decline and dementia risk, and effective transfer of research outcomes into Australian health policy. Highlights Study protocol for a single-blind, randomized controlled trial, the AU-ARROW Study.The AU-ARROW Study is a member of the World-Wide FINGERS (WW-FINGERS) initiative.AU-ARROW's primary outcome measure is change in a global composite cognitive score.Extra significance from amyloid PET imaging, brain MRI, and retinal biomarker tests.Leading to development of an innovative treatment plan to reduce cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha L. Gardener
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer's Disease Research and CareSchool of Medical and Health SciencesEdith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWestern AustraliaAustralia
- Alzheimer's Research AustraliaRalph and Patricia Sarich Neuroscience Research InstituteNedlandsWestern AustraliaAustralia
- Lifestyle Approaches Towards Cognitive Health Research GroupMurdoch UniversityMurdochWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Stephanie J. Fuller
- Department of Biomedical SciencesMacquarie UniversitySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | | | - Laura Baker
- Wake Forest University School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Miia Kivipelto
- Karolinska InstitutetSolnaStockholmSweden
- FINGERS Brain Health InstituteStockholmSweden
| | - Victor L. Villemagne
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer's Disease Research and CareSchool of Medical and Health SciencesEdith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWestern AustraliaAustralia
- University of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
- Austin Health, Department of Nuclear Medicine and Centre for Positron Emission TomographyHeidelbergVictoriaAustralia
| | - Stuart M. Grieve
- Imaging and Phenotyping Laboratory, Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Paul Yates
- Austin Health, Department of Nuclear Medicine and Centre for Positron Emission TomographyHeidelbergVictoriaAustralia
| | - Stephanie R. Rainey‐Smith
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer's Disease Research and CareSchool of Medical and Health SciencesEdith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWestern AustraliaAustralia
- Alzheimer's Research AustraliaRalph and Patricia Sarich Neuroscience Research InstituteNedlandsWestern AustraliaAustralia
- Lifestyle Approaches Towards Cognitive Health Research GroupMurdoch UniversityMurdochWestern AustraliaAustralia
- The University of Western AustraliaPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
- Centre for Healthy AgeingMurdoch UniversityMurdochWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Juliana Chen
- Department of Biomedical SciencesMacquarie UniversitySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- Discipline of Nutrition and DieteticsSusan Wakil School of Nursing and MidwiferyCharles Perkins CentreThe University of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Belinda Thompson
- Department of Health SciencesAustralian Lymphoedema EducationResearch and TreatmentMacquarie UniversitySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | | | - Malika G. Fernando
- Department of Biomedical SciencesMacquarie UniversitySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Carolina Blagojevic Castro
- Alzheimer's Research AustraliaRalph and Patricia Sarich Neuroscience Research InstituteNedlandsWestern AustraliaAustralia
- Centre for Healthy AgeingMurdoch UniversityMurdochWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Silochna Meghwar
- Department of Biomedical SciencesMacquarie UniversitySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Rema Raman
- Alzheimer's Therapeutic Research InstituteUniversity of Southern CaliforniaSan DiegoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Andrew Gleason
- Department of Biomedical SciencesMacquarie UniversitySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental HealthUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
- Department of NeuroscienceCentral Clinical SchoolThe Alfred CentreMonash UniversityVictoriaAustralia
| | | | - Roger Clarnette
- The University of Western AustraliaPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | | | - Kevin Taddei
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer's Disease Research and CareSchool of Medical and Health SciencesEdith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Manohar Garg
- Department of Biomedical SciencesMacquarie UniversitySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Hamid R. Sohrabi
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer's Disease Research and CareSchool of Medical and Health SciencesEdith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWestern AustraliaAustralia
- Alzheimer's Research AustraliaRalph and Patricia Sarich Neuroscience Research InstituteNedlandsWestern AustraliaAustralia
- Department of Biomedical SciencesMacquarie UniversitySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- Centre for Healthy AgeingMurdoch UniversityMurdochWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Ralph N. Martins
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer's Disease Research and CareSchool of Medical and Health SciencesEdith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWestern AustraliaAustralia
- Alzheimer's Research AustraliaRalph and Patricia Sarich Neuroscience Research InstituteNedlandsWestern AustraliaAustralia
- Department of Biomedical SciencesMacquarie UniversitySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- Centre for Healthy AgeingMurdoch UniversityMurdochWestern AustraliaAustralia
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Fislage M, Winzeck S, Woodrow R, Lammers‐Lietz F, Stamatakis EA, Correia MM, Preller J, Feinkohl I, Hendrikse J, Pischon T, Spies CD, Slooter AJC, Winterer G, Menon DK, Zacharias N. Structural disconnectivity in postoperative delirium: A perioperative two-center cohort study in older patients. Alzheimers Dement 2024; 20:2861-2872. [PMID: 38451782 PMCID: PMC11032567 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Structural disconnectivity was found to precede dementia. Global white matter abnormalities might also be associated with postoperative delirium (POD). METHODS We recruited older patients (≥65 years) without dementia that were scheduled for major surgery. Diffusion kurtosis imaging metrics were obtained preoperatively, after 3 and 12 months postoperatively. We calculated fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), mean kurtosis (MK), and free water (FW). A structured and validated delirium assessment was performed twice daily. RESULTS Of 325 patients, 53 patients developed POD (16.3%). Preoperative global MD (standardized beta 0.27 [95% confidence interval [CI] 0.21-0.32] p < 0.001) was higher in patients with POD. Preoperative global MK (-0.07 [95% CI -0.11 to (-0.04)] p < 0.001) and FA (0.07 [95% CI -0.10 to (-0.04)] p < 0.001) were lower. When correcting for baseline diffusion, postoperative MD was lower after 3 months (0.05 [95% CI -0.08 to (-0.03)] p < 0.001; n = 183) and higher after 12 months (0.28 [95% CI 0.20-0.35] p < 0.001; n = 45) among patients with POD. DISCUSSION Preoperative structural disconnectivity was associated with POD. POD might lead to white matter depletion 3 and 12 months after surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marinus Fislage
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care MedicineCharité – Universitätsmedizin Berlincorporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt‐Universität zu BerlinBerlinGermany
- Department of NeurologyNational Taiwan University HospitalTaipei CityTaiwan
| | - Stefan Winzeck
- Department of ComputingImperial College LondonBioMedIA GroupLondonUK
- University Division of Anaesthesia, Department of MedicineUniversity of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's HospitalCambridgeUK
| | - Rebecca Woodrow
- University Division of Anaesthesia, Department of MedicineUniversity of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's HospitalCambridgeUK
- Department of Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of Cambridge; Addenbrooke's HospitalCambridgeUK
| | - Florian Lammers‐Lietz
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care MedicineCharité – Universitätsmedizin Berlincorporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt‐Universität zu BerlinBerlinGermany
| | - Emmanuel A. Stamatakis
- University Division of Anaesthesia, Department of MedicineUniversity of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's HospitalCambridgeUK
- Department of Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of Cambridge; Addenbrooke's HospitalCambridgeUK
| | - Marta M. Correia
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Jacobus Preller
- Addenbrooke's Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustCambridgeUK
| | - Insa Feinkohl
- Faculty of Health/School of MedicineWitten/Herdecke UniversityWittenGermany
- Max‐Delbrueck‐Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Molecular Epidemiology Research GroupBerlinGermany
| | - Jeroen Hendrikse
- Department of RadiologyUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Tobias Pischon
- Max‐Delbrueck‐Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Molecular Epidemiology Research GroupBerlinGermany
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt‐Universität zu BerlinBerlinGermany
- Max‐Delbrueck‐Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Biobank Technology PlatformBerlinGermany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Core Facility BiobankBerlinGermany
| | - Claudia D. Spies
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care MedicineCharité – Universitätsmedizin Berlincorporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt‐Universität zu BerlinBerlinGermany
| | - Arjen J. C. Slooter
- Departments of Psychiatry and Intensive Care Medicine, and UMC Utrecht Brain CenterUniversity Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
- Department of NeurologyUZ Brussel and Vrije Universiteit BrusselBrusselsBelgium
| | - Georg Winterer
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care MedicineCharité – Universitätsmedizin Berlincorporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt‐Universität zu BerlinBerlinGermany
- Pharmaimage Biomarker Solutions GmbHBerlinGermany
| | - David K. Menon
- University Division of Anaesthesia, Department of MedicineUniversity of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's HospitalCambridgeUK
| | - Norman Zacharias
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care MedicineCharité – Universitätsmedizin Berlincorporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt‐Universität zu BerlinBerlinGermany
- Pharmaimage Biomarker Solutions GmbHBerlinGermany
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Kelly ME, McHugh Power J, Parra MA, Hannigan C. Editorial: Brain health: risk, resilience and reserve. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1386516. [PMID: 38601823 PMCID: PMC11005790 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1386516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle E. Kelly
- Department of Psychology, National College of Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Joanna McHugh Power
- Department of Psychology, Maynooth University, Maynooth, County Kildare, Ireland
| | - Mario A. Parra
- Psychological Sciences and Health, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Caoimhe Hannigan
- Department of Psychology, National College of Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
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Zhao N, Chung TD, Guo Z, Jamieson JJ, Liang L, Linville RM, Pessell AF, Wang L, Searson PC. Corrigendum: The influence of physiological and pathological perturbations on blood-brain barrier function. Front Neurosci 2024; 17:1328902. [PMID: 38577033 PMCID: PMC10994152 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1328902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1289894.].
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhao
- Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Tracy D. Chung
- Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Zhaobin Guo
- Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - John J. Jamieson
- Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Lily Liang
- Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Raleigh M. Linville
- Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Alex F. Pessell
- Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Linus Wang
- Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Peter C. Searson
- Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
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Melcher EM, Vilen L, Pfaff A, Lim S, DeWitt A, Powell WR, Bendlin BB, Kind AJH. Deriving life-course residential histories in brain bank cohorts: A feasibility study. Alzheimers Dement 2024. [PMID: 38497250 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The exposome is theorized to interact with biological mechanisms to influence risk for Alzheimer's disease but is not well-integrated into existing Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (ADRC) brain bank data collection. METHODS We apply public data tracing, an iterative, dual abstraction and validation process rooted in rigorous historic archival methods, to develop life-course residential histories for 1254 ADRC decedents. RESULTS The median percentage of the life course with an address is 78.1% (IQR 24.9); 56.5% of the sample has an address for at least 75% of their life course. Archivists had 89.7% agreement at the address level. This method matched current residential survey methodology 97.4% on average. DISCUSSION This novel method demonstrates feasibility, reproducibility, and rigor for historic data collection. To our knowledge, this is the first study to show that public data tracing methods for brain bank decedent residential history development can be used to better integrate the social exposome with biobank specimens. HIGHLIGHTS Public data tracing compares favorably to survey-based residential history. Public data tracing is feasible and reproducible between archivists. Archivists achieved 89.7% agreement at the address level. This method identifies residences for nearly 80% of life-years, on average. This novel method enables brain banks to add social characterizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanna M Melcher
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Warf Office Bldg, Madison, USA
- Center for Health Disparities Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, UW Hospital and Clinics, Madison, USA
| | - Leigha Vilen
- Center for Health Disparities Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, UW Hospital and Clinics, Madison, USA
| | - Aly Pfaff
- Center for Health Disparities Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, UW Hospital and Clinics, Madison, USA
| | - Sarah Lim
- Center for Health Disparities Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, UW Hospital and Clinics, Madison, USA
| | - Amanda DeWitt
- Center for Health Disparities Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, UW Hospital and Clinics, Madison, USA
| | - W Ryan Powell
- Center for Health Disparities Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, UW Hospital and Clinics, Madison, USA
- Department of Medicine Division of Geriatrics and Gerontology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 1685 Highland Avenue, 5158, Medical Foundation Centennial Building, Madison, USA
| | - Barbara B Bendlin
- Center for Health Disparities Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, UW Hospital and Clinics, Madison, USA
- Department of Medicine Division of Geriatrics and Gerontology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 1685 Highland Avenue, 5158, Medical Foundation Centennial Building, Madison, USA
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Madison, USA
| | - Amy J H Kind
- Center for Health Disparities Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, UW Hospital and Clinics, Madison, USA
- Department of Medicine Division of Geriatrics and Gerontology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 1685 Highland Avenue, 5158, Medical Foundation Centennial Building, Madison, USA
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Madison, USA
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Northey JM, Hillman CH, Skorski S, Martin K. Editorial: The Active Brain. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1385888. [PMID: 38533214 PMCID: PMC10964946 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1385888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph M. Northey
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- Discipline of Sport and Exercise Science, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Charles H. Hillman
- Center for Cognitive and Brain Health, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Physical Therapy, Movement, and Rehabilitation Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Sabrina Skorski
- Institute of Sport and Preventive Medicine, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Kristy Martin
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- Discipline of Sport and Exercise Science, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia
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Kavanagh N, Prioleau C, Miller B. Editorial: The neurobiology of values. Front Neurol 2024; 15:1377129. [PMID: 38510378 PMCID: PMC10952097 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1377129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Niall Kavanagh
- University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) Memory and Aging Center, Global Brain Health Institute, San Francisco, CA, United States
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11
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Kamarajan C, Ardekani BA, Pandey AK, Meyers JL, Chorlian DB, Kinreich S, Pandey G, Richard C, de Viteri SS, Kuang W, Porjesz B. Prediction of brain age in individuals with and at risk for alcohol use disorder using brain morphological features. bioRxiv 2024:2024.03.01.582844. [PMID: 38496639 PMCID: PMC10942318 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.01.582844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Brain age measures predicted from structural and functional brain features are increasingly being used to understand brain integrity, disorders, and health. While there is a vast literature showing aberrations in both structural and functional brain measures in individuals with and at risk for alcohol use disorder (AUD), few studies have investigated brain age in these groups. The current study examines brain age measures predicted using brain morphological features, such as cortical thickness and brain volume, in individuals with a lifetime diagnosis of AUD as well as in those at higher risk to develop AUD from families with multiple members affected with AUD (i.e., higher family history density (FHD) scores). The AUD dataset included a group of 30 adult males (mean age = 41.25 years) with a lifetime diagnosis of AUD and currently abstinent and a group of 30 male controls (mean age = 27.24 years) without any history of AUD. A second dataset of young adults who were categorized based on their FHD scores comprised a group of 40 individuals (20 males) with high FHD of AUD (mean age = 25.33 years) and a group of 31 individuals (18 males) with low FHD (mean age = 25.47 years). Brain age was predicted using 187 brain morphological features of cortical thickness and brain volume in an XGBoost regression model; a bias-correction procedure was applied to the predicted brain age. Results showed that both AUD and high FHD individuals showed an increase of 1.70 and 0.09 years (1.08 months), respectively, in their brain age relative to their chronological age, suggesting accelerated brain aging in AUD and risk for AUD. Increased brain age was associated with poor performance on neurocognitive tests of executive functioning in both AUD and high FHD individuals, indicating that brain age can also serve as a proxy for cognitive functioning and brain health. These findings on brain aging in these groups may have important implications for the prevention and treatment of AUD and ensuing cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chella Kamarajan
- Henri Begleiter Neurodynamics Lab, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
| | - Babak A. Ardekani
- Center for Advanced Brain Imaging, Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Ashwini K. Pandey
- Henri Begleiter Neurodynamics Lab, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
| | - Jacquelyn L. Meyers
- Henri Begleiter Neurodynamics Lab, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
| | - David B. Chorlian
- Henri Begleiter Neurodynamics Lab, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
| | - Sivan Kinreich
- Henri Begleiter Neurodynamics Lab, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
| | - Gayathri Pandey
- Henri Begleiter Neurodynamics Lab, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
| | - Christian Richard
- Henri Begleiter Neurodynamics Lab, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
| | - Stacey Saenz de Viteri
- Henri Begleiter Neurodynamics Lab, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
| | - Weipeng Kuang
- Henri Begleiter Neurodynamics Lab, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
| | - Bernice Porjesz
- Henri Begleiter Neurodynamics Lab, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
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12
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Terry PE. Why Not Offer Routine Screenings for Brain Health? Am J Health Promot 2024; 38:302-305. [PMID: 38016050 DOI: 10.1177/08901171231219542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
The merits of routine health screening for cancer and cardiovascular diseases are well established given the strong evidence that early detection can lead to effective interventions. Health systems, insurance providers and public health agencies have incorporated systematic approaches to ensuring that preventive screenings for hypertension, hyperlipidemia and cancers are encouraged, readily accessible and reimbursed. Workplace wellness programs intent on containing preventable healthcare costs have also sponsored age- and risk-adjusted health screenings, often including financial incentives to encourage same. Should we also screen for brain health? Is early detection of value for a condition with no proven treatment or cure? This editorial reviews the pros and cons of testing for cognitive decline, Alzheimer's and related dementias and suggests that with nearly every country in the world getting proportionally older, promoting brain health could emerge as a key intrinsic motivation for promoting healthier lifestyles. I conclude that a person-centered approach to deciding about testing is needed given uncertain evidence connecting health behaviors to cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul E Terry
- Editor in Chief, American Journal of Health Promotion, Senior Fellow, The Health Enhancement Research Organization
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13
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Rosenau C, Köhler S, Soons LM, Anstey KJ, Brayne C, Brodaty H, Engedal K, Farina FR, Ganguli M, Livingston G, Lyketsos CG, Mangialasche F, Middleton LE, Rikkert MGMO, Peters R, Sachdev PS, Scarmeas N, Salbæk G, van Boxtel MPJ, Deckers K. Umbrella review and Delphi study on modifiable factors for dementia risk reduction. Alzheimers Dement 2024; 20:2223-2239. [PMID: 38159267 PMCID: PMC10984497 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
A 2013 systematic review and Delphi consensus study identified 12 modifiable risk and protective factors for dementia, which were subsequently merged into the "LIfestyle for BRAin health" (LIBRA) score. We systematically evaluated whether LIBRA requires revision based on new evidence. To identify modifiable risk and protective factors suitable for dementia risk reduction, we combined an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses with a two-round Delphi consensus study. The review of 608 unique primary studies and opinions of 18 experts prioritized six modifiable factors: hearing impairment, social contact, sleep, life course inequalities, atrial fibrillation, and psychological stress. Based on expert ranking, hearing impairment, social contact, and sleep were considered the most suitable candidates for inclusion in updated dementia risk scores. As such, the current study shows that dementia risk scores need systematic updates based on emerging evidence. Future studies will validate the updated LIBRA score in different cohorts. HIGHLIGHTS: An umbrella review was combined with opinions of 18 dementia experts. Various candidate targets for dementia risk reduction were identified. Experts prioritized hearing impairment, social contact, and sleep. Re-assessment of dementia risk scores is encouraged. Future work should evaluate the predictive validity of updated risk scores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin Rosenau
- Alzheimer Centrum LimburgDepartment of Psychiatry and NeuropsychologySchool for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs)Maastricht UniversityMaastrichtthe Netherlands
| | - Sebastian Köhler
- Alzheimer Centrum LimburgDepartment of Psychiatry and NeuropsychologySchool for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs)Maastricht UniversityMaastrichtthe Netherlands
| | - Lion M. Soons
- Alzheimer Centrum LimburgDepartment of Psychiatry and NeuropsychologySchool for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs)Maastricht UniversityMaastrichtthe Netherlands
| | - Kaarin J. Anstey
- School of PsychologyUniversity of New South WalesKensingtonNew South WalesAustralia
- Neuroscience Research Australia (NeuRA)SydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- UNSW Ageing Futures InstituteKensingtonNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Carol Brayne
- Cambridge Public HealthUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Henry Brodaty
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA)Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental HealthSchool of Clinical MedicineUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Knut Engedal
- Norwegian National Centre for Ageing and HealthVestfold Hospital TrustTønsbergNorway
| | - Francesca R. Farina
- Feinberg School of MedicineDepartment of Medical Social SciencesNorthwestern UniversityChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Mary Ganguli
- Departments of PsychiatryNeurologyand EpidemiologySchool of Medicine and School of Public HealthUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | | | - Constantine G. Lyketsos
- Richman Family Precision Medicine Center of Excellence in Alzheimer's DiseaseJohns Hopkins BayviewJohns Hopkins MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Francesca Mangialasche
- Division of Clinical GeriatricsDepartment of NeurobiologyCare Sciences and SocietyCenter for Alzheimer ResearchKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
- Theme Inflammation and AgingMedical Unit AgingKarolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden
| | - Laura E. Middleton
- Department of Kinesiology and Health SciencesUniversity of WaterlooWaterlooOntarioCanada
- Schlegel‐UW Research Institute for AgingWaterlooOntarioCanada
| | - Marcel G. M. Olde Rikkert
- Department of Geriatric MedicineRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenthe Netherlands
- Radboudumc Alzheimer CenterDonders Center of Medical NeurosciencesNijmegenthe Netherlands
| | - Ruth Peters
- UNSW Ageing Futures InstituteKensingtonNew South WalesAustralia
- The George Institute for Global HealthNewtownNew South WalesAustralia
- School of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of New South WalesKensingtonNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Perminder S. Sachdev
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA)Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental HealthSchool of Clinical MedicineUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Nikolaos Scarmeas
- 1st Department of NeurologyAiginition HospitalNational and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical SchoolAthensGreece
- Department of NeurologyColumbia UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Geir Salbæk
- Norwegian National Centre for Ageing and HealthVestfold Hospital TrustTønsbergNorway
- Department of Geriatric MedicineOslo University HospitalOsloNorway
- Institute of Clinical MedicineUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
| | - Martin P. J. van Boxtel
- Alzheimer Centrum LimburgDepartment of Psychiatry and NeuropsychologySchool for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs)Maastricht UniversityMaastrichtthe Netherlands
| | - Kay Deckers
- Alzheimer Centrum LimburgDepartment of Psychiatry and NeuropsychologySchool for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs)Maastricht UniversityMaastrichtthe Netherlands
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Rakusa M, Moro E, Akhvlediani T, Bereczki D, Bodini B, Cavallieri F, Fanciulli A, Filipović SR, Guekht A, Helbok R, Hochmeister S, Martinelli Boneschi F, Özturk S, Priori A, Romoli M, Willekens B, Zedde M, Sellner J. The COVID-19 pandemic and neurology: A survey on previous and continued restrictions for clinical practice, curricular training, and health economics. Eur J Neurol 2024; 31:e16168. [PMID: 38038262 DOI: 10.1111/ene.16168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted health systems worldwide. Here, we assessed the pandemic's impact on clinical service, curricular training, and financial burden from a neurological viewpoint during the enforced lockdown periods and the assumed recovery by 2023. METHODS An online 18-item survey was conducted by the European Academy of Neurology (EAN) NeuroCOVID-19 Task Force among the EAN community. The survey was online between February and March 2023. Questions related to general, demographic, clinical, work, education, and economic aspects. RESULTS We collected 430 responses from 79 countries. Most health care professionals were aged 35-44 years, with >15 years of work experience. The key findings of their observations were as follows. (i) Clinical services were cut back in all neurological subspecialties during the most restrictive COVID-19 lockdown period. The most affected neurological subspecialties were services for patients with dementia, and neuromuscular and movement disorders. The levels of reduction and the pace of recovery were distinct for acute emergencies and in- and outpatient care. Recovery was slow for sleep medicine, autonomic nervous system disorders, neurorehabilitation, and dementia care. (ii) Student and residency rotations and grand rounds were reorganized, and congresses were converted into a virtual format. Conferences are partly maintained in a hybrid format. (iii) Affordability of neurological care and medication shortage are emerging issues. CONCLUSIONS Recovery of neurological services up to spring 2023 has been incomplete following substantial disruption of neurological care, medical education, and health economics in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. The continued limitations for the delivery of neurological care threaten brain health and call for action on a global scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Rakusa
- Division of Neurology, University Medical Centre Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Elena Moro
- Division of Neurology, CHU of Grenoble, Grenoble Institute of Neurosciences, INSERM U1216, Grenoble Alpes University, Grenoble, France
| | | | - Daniel Bereczki
- Department of Neurology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Benedetta Bodini
- Neurology Department, St. Antoine Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
- Paris Brain Institute, ICM, CNRS, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Francesco Cavallieri
- Neurology Unit, Neuromotor and Rehabilitation Department, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | | | - Saša R Filipović
- Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Alla Guekht
- Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry, Moscow, Russian Federation
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Raimund Helbok
- Department of Neurology, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria
| | | | - Filippo Martinelli Boneschi
- Neurology Unit, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Milan, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Serefnur Özturk
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Alberto Priori
- Aldo Ravelli Center for Neurotechnology and Experimental Brain Therapeutics, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Clinical Neurology Unit, Azienda Socio-Sanitaria Territoriale Santi Paolo e Carlo and Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Michele Romoli
- Neurology and Stroke Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Bufalini Hospital, Cesena, Italy
| | - Barbara Willekens
- Department of Neurology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
- Translational Neurosciences Research Group, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Marialuisa Zedde
- Neurology Unit, Stroke Unit, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale, IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Johann Sellner
- Department of Neurology, Landesklinkum Mistelbach-Gänserndorf, Mistelbach, Austria
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15
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Croff R, Aron S, Wachana A, Fuller P, Mattek N, Towns J, Kaye J. Walking and Social Reminiscence in Gentrifying Neighborhoods: Feasibility and Impact on Cognitive, Physical, and Mental Health Among Older Black Adults in the SHARP Study. Gerontologist 2024:gnae019. [PMID: 38412543 DOI: 10.1093/geront/gnae019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Two exploratory 6-month pilots of triadic walking with culturally celebratory social reminiscence in gentrifying neighborhoods tested feasibility and health impact among normal and mildly cognitively impaired (MCI) older Black adults. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Fourteen triads walked 1-mile 3x/week, using a navigational application with image-based reminiscence prompts. Focus groups evaluated perceived health impact and experience. Primary outcome measures were program evaluations (feasibility), pre-post self-report health, Montreal Cognitive Assessment, blood pressure, and weight. Analysis used mean rank scores for program evaluations, pre-post paired t-tests for health outcomes, and thematic coding for 30 focus groups. RESULTS Feasibility: Retention was 74% and 86% for pilots, and 92%, respectively, were "extremely likely" to recommend to friends/family. Mean rank scores indicated appropriate pace and dose, effective conversational prompts, and program readiness with minor changes. Health impact: Self-rated health, mood, activity levels, and energy improved, days feeling downhearted decreased, and days feeling calm/peaceful were maintained or improved. Among Cohort 2, cognitive assessment scores were maintained or improved for 67%; for MCI, 76% had mean improvement of 2.4 (p=.045). Blood pressure and weight decreased for 78% and 44% respectively. Focus groups: Perceived impact of triadic walking included increased physical and social activity outside the program, increased awareness of cognitive decline risk and personal agency, and deep-seated sense of community connection. DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS Triadic walking provides structure, accountability, connection, and purpose, motivating sustained engagement. Walking programs that center socialization, particularly within culturally meaningful contexts, may be more effective among older Black adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raina Croff
- NIA-Oregon Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Sophia Aron
- NIA-Oregon Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Anne Wachana
- NIA-Oregon Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Patrice Fuller
- NIA-Oregon Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Nora Mattek
- NIA-Oregon Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Juell Towns
- NIA-Oregon Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jeffrey Kaye
- NIA-Oregon Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
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16
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Merlo G, Bachtel G, Sugden SG. Gut microbiota, nutrition, and mental health. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1337889. [PMID: 38406183 PMCID: PMC10884323 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1337889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The human brain remains one of the greatest challenges for modern medicine, yet it is one of the most integral and sometimes overlooked aspects of medicine. The human brain consists of roughly 100 billion neurons, 100 trillion neuronal connections and consumes about 20-25% of the body's energy. Emerging evidence highlights that insufficient or inadequate nutrition is linked to an increased risk of brain health, mental health, and psychological functioning compromise. A core component of this relationship includes the intricate dynamics of the brain-gut-microbiota (BGM) system, which is a progressively recognized factor in the sphere of mental/brain health. The bidirectional relationship between the brain, gut, and gut microbiota along the BGM system not only affects nutrient absorption and utilization, but also it exerts substantial influence on cognitive processes, mood regulation, neuroplasticity, and other indices of mental/brain health. Neuroplasticity is the brain's capacity for adaptation and neural regeneration in response to stimuli. Understanding neuroplasticity and considering interventions that enhance the remarkable ability of the brain to change through experience constitutes a burgeoning area of research that has substantial potential for improving well-being, resilience, and overall brain health through optimal nutrition and lifestyle interventions. The nexus of lifestyle interventions and both academic and clinical perspectives of nutritional neuroscience emerges as a potent tool to enhance patient outcomes, proactively mitigate mental/brain health challenges, and improve the management and treatment of existing mental/brain health conditions by championing health-promoting dietary patterns, rectifying nutritional deficiencies, and seamlessly integrating nutrition-centered strategies into clinical care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gia Merlo
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine and Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York, NY, United States
| | | | - Steven G. Sugden
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
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17
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Wei R, Ganglberger W, Sun H, Hadar P, Gollub R, Pieper S, Billot B, Au R, Eugenio Iglesias J, Cash SS, Kim S, Shin C, Westover MB, Joseph Thomas R. Linking brain structure, cognition, and sleep: insights from clinical data. Sleep 2024; 47:zsad294. [PMID: 37950486 PMCID: PMC10851868 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsad294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES To use relatively noisy routinely collected clinical data (brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data, clinical polysomnography (PSG) recordings, and neuropsychological testing), to investigate hypothesis-driven and data-driven relationships between brain physiology, structure, and cognition. METHODS We analyzed data from patients with clinical PSG, brain MRI, and neuropsychological evaluations. SynthSeg, a neural network-based tool, provided high-quality segmentations despite noise. A priori hypotheses explored associations between brain function (measured by PSG) and brain structure (measured by MRI). Associations with cognitive scores and dementia status were studied. An exploratory data-driven approach investigated age-structure-physiology-cognition links. RESULTS Six hundred and twenty-three patients with sleep PSG and brain MRI data were included in this study; 160 with cognitive evaluations. Three hundred and forty-two participants (55%) were female, and age interquartile range was 52 to 69 years. Thirty-six individuals were diagnosed with dementia, 71 with mild cognitive impairment, and 326 with major depression. One hundred and fifteen individuals were evaluated for insomnia and 138 participants had an apnea-hypopnea index equal to or greater than 15. Total PSG delta power correlated positively with frontal lobe/thalamic volumes, and sleep spindle density with thalamic volume. rapid eye movement (REM) duration and amygdala volume were positively associated with cognition. Patients with dementia showed significant differences in five brain structure volumes. REM duration, spindle, and slow-oscillation features had strong associations with cognition and brain structure volumes. PSG and MRI features in combination predicted chronological age (R2 = 0.67) and cognition (R2 = 0.40). CONCLUSIONS Routine clinical data holds extended value in understanding and even clinically using brain-sleep-cognition relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoqi Wei
- Division of Pulmonary Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- McCance Center for Brain Health, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Wolfgang Ganglberger
- McCance Center for Brain Health, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Sleep and Health Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Haoqi Sun
- McCance Center for Brain Health, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Peter N Hadar
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Randy L Gollub
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Benjamin Billot
- Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Lab, MIT, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rhoda Au
- Anatomy& Neurobiology, Neurology, Medicine and Epidemiology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine and School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Juan Eugenio Iglesias
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Isomics, Inc. Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Medical Image Computing, University College London, London, UK
| | - Sydney S Cash
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Soriul Kim
- Institute of Human Genomic Study, College of Medicine, Kore University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chol Shin
- Institute of Human Genomic Study, College of Medicine, Kore University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Biomedical Research Center, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - M Brandon Westover
- McCance Center for Brain Health, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Robert Joseph Thomas
- Division of Pulmonary Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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18
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Henderson R, Furlano JA, Claringbold SS, Cornect-Benoit A, Ly A, Walker J, Zaretsky L, Roach P. Colonial drivers and cultural protectors of brain health among Indigenous peoples internationally. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1346753. [PMID: 38425465 PMCID: PMC10903363 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1346753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite relatively higher rates of dementia among Indigenous populations internationally, research into drivers of disparities in brain health and cognitive function has tended to focus on modifiable risk factors over cultural understandings and contextual determinants. By seeking to characterize social and cultural factors that shape brain health and cognition in Indigenous populations, this mini scoping review expands prevailing schools of thought to include Indigenous knowledge systems. This reveals important gaps in culturally aligned care. It also reclaims horizons for research important to Indigenous Peoples that have garnered diminished attention in biomedical approaches. Twenty-three sources were included for data extraction. This synthesis of 23 sources includes health communication about dementia, health provider knowledge about Indigenous health, culturally relevant screening and assessment tools, and culturally grounded care models. Much of the focus is currently still on modifiable risk factors that reside at individual factors, whereas attention to wider social factors that impact populations is needed, as stressors through isolation, discrimination, and unequal care are widely reported. Going forward, identifying structural barriers to living well and recognizing the importance of connection to culture will benefit both Indigenous and non-Indigenous understandings of brain health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Henderson
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Joyla A. Furlano
- Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | | | | | - Anh Ly
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jennifer Walker
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Lisa Zaretsky
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Pamela Roach
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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Eyre HA, Hynes W, Ayadi R, Swieboda P, Berk M, Ibanez A, Castelló ME, Jeste DV, Tempest M, Abdullah JM, O’Brien K, Carnevale S, Njamnshi AK, Martino M, Mannix D, Maestri K, YU R, CHEN S, NG CH, Volmink HC, Ahuja R, Destrebecq F, Vradenburg G, Schmied A, Manes F, Platt ML. The Brain Economy: Advancing Brain Science to Better Understand the Modern Economy. Malays J Med Sci 2024; 31:1-13. [PMID: 38456111 PMCID: PMC10917588 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2024.31.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The coming years are likely to be turbulent due to a myriad of factors or polycrisis, including an escalation in climate extremes, emerging public health threats, weak productivity, increases in global economic instability and further weakening in the integrity of global democracy. These formidable challenges are not exogenous to the economy but are in some cases generated by the system itself. They can be overcome, but only with far-reaching changes to global economics. Our current socio-economic paradigm is insufficient for addressing these complex challenges, let alone sustaining human development, well-being and happiness. To support the flourishing of the global population in the age of polycrisis, we need a novel, person-centred and collective paradigm. The brain economy leverages insights from neuroscience to provide a novel way of centralising the human contribution to the economy, how the economy in turn shapes our lives and positive feedbacks between the two. The brain economy is primarily based on Brain Capital, an economic asset integrating brain health and brain skills, the social, emotional, and the diversity of cognitive brain resources of individuals and communities. People with healthy brains are essential to navigate increasingly complex systems. Policies and investments that improve brain health and hence citizens' cognitive functions and boost brain performance can increase productivity, stimulate greater creativity and economic dynamism, utilise often underdeveloped intellectual resources, afford social cohesion, and create a more resilient, adaptable and sustainability-engaged population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harris A. Eyre
- Brain Capital Alliance, San Francisco, California, USA
- Center for Health and Biosciences, The Baker Institute for Public Policy, Rice University, Houston, Texas
- Meadows Mental Health Policy Institute, Dallas, Texas, USA
- Euro-Mediterranean Economists Association, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), Deakin University and Barwon Health, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- Global Brain Health Institute, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California and Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- FondaMental Fondation, Paris, France
- Latin American Brain Health Institute (BrainLat), Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago de Chile, Chile
- Houston Methodist Behavioral Health, Houston Methodist Academic Institute, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, California, USA
- Frontier Technology Lab, School of Engineering and Doerr School of Sustainability, Stanford University, California, USA
| | - William Hynes
- Brain Capital Alliance, San Francisco, California, USA
- Euro-Mediterranean Economists Association, Barcelona, Spain
- Rebuilding Macroeconomics, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA
- School of Advanced International Studies Europe, Johns Hopkins University, Bologna, Italy
| | - Rym Ayadi
- Brain Capital Alliance, San Francisco, California, USA
- Euro-Mediterranean Economists Association, Barcelona, Spain
- Bayes Business School, City College London, London, United Kingdom
- Center for European Policy Studies, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pawel Swieboda
- Brain Capital Alliance, San Francisco, California, USA
- Euro-Mediterranean Economists Association, Barcelona, Spain
- NeuroCentury, Brussels, Belgium
- European Policy Centre, Brussels, Belgium
- International Center for Future Generations, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Michael Berk
- Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), Deakin University and Barwon Health, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Centre for Youth Mental Health, Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health and the Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Agustin Ibanez
- Global Brain Health Institute, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California and Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Latin American Brain Health Institute (BrainLat), Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago de Chile, Chile
- Laboratorio Interdisciplinario del Tiempo, Universidad de San Andrés-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María E. Castelló
- Desarrollo y Evolución Neural, Departamento Neurociencias Integrativas y Computacionales, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable (MEC), Montevideo, Uruguay
- Programa de Desarrollo de las Ciencias Básicas (MEC-UdelaR), Montevideo, Uruguay
- Fibras, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Dilip V. Jeste
- Global Research Network on Social Determinants of Health and Exposomics, La Jolla, California, USA
| | | | - Jafri Malin Abdullah
- Fellow, Academy of Sciences Malaysia, Menara Matrade, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Chairman of Medical and Health Sciences Cluster, The National Council of Professors, Malaysia (MPN), Selangor, Malaysia
- Professor of Neurosciences & Senior Consultant Neurosurgeon, Department of Neurosciences & Brain and Behaviour Cluster, School of Medical Sciences/Hospital USM, Universiti Sains Malaysia Health Campus, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | | | | | - Alfred K. Njamnshi
- Brain Research Africa Initiative (BRAIN), Geneva, Switzerland & Yaoundé, Cameroon, Africa
| | - Michael Martino
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina (MUSC), South Carolina, USA
| | - Dan Mannix
- Brain Capital Alliance, San Francisco, California, USA
| | | | - Ruojuan YU
- School of Management, Yale University, Connecticut, USA
| | - Shuo CHEN
- Sutardja Center for Entrepreneurship and Technology, College of Engineering, University of California, California, USA
| | - Chee H. NG
- Department of Psychiatry, The Melbourne Clinic and St. Vincent’s Hospital, University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Heinrich C. Volmink
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa, Africa
- Division of Health Systems and Public Health, Department of Global Health, Stellenbosch University, South Africa, Africa
| | - Rajiv Ahuja
- Milken Institute, Center for the Future of Aging, California, USA
| | | | - George Vradenburg
- UsAgainstAlzhiemer’s, Washington DC, USA
- Davos Alzheimer’s Collaborative, Washington DC, USA
| | - Astrid Schmied
- Science of Learning in Education Center, Office of Education Research, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Facundo Manes
- Institute of Cognitive and Translational Neuroscience (INCYT), INECO Foundation, Favaloro University, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Michael L. Platt
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Marketing Department, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Wharton Neuroscience Initiative, Wharton Business School, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
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D'Amico D, Amestoy ME, Fiocco AJ. Psychological Stress across the Lifespan and Cognitive Function among Older Adults: The Moderating Role of a Healthy Lifestyle. Can J Aging 2024:1-11. [PMID: 38291959 DOI: 10.1017/s071498082300079x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to (a) investigate the associations between indices of stress severity across the lifespan (early, middle, late life) and cognitive function among community-dwelling older adults, and (b) examine whether a healthy lifestyle composite score comprised of physical activity, healthy diet adherence, social engagement, sleep quality, and mindful relaxation moderates the associations between lifespan stress severity and cognitive function. Participants (n = 226, Mage = 68.2 ± 6.5, 68.1% female) completed questionnaires to measure stress and lifestyle behaviours, and three online neurocognitive tasks. No direct associations between stress severity and cognition were found. The healthy lifestyle composite score moderated the associations between early, midlife, and late-life stress severity and inhibitory control. Exploratory analyses suggest that this moderating effect may be sex-dependent. Despite study limitations and the need for additional research, findings provide preliminary support for the role of lifestyle behaviours in enhancing older adults' resilience to the effects of stress on cognitive health in a sex-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle D'Amico
- Institute for Stress and Wellbeing Research, Department of Psychology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Maya E Amestoy
- Graduate Department of Psychological Clinical Science, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Alexandra J Fiocco
- Institute for Stress and Wellbeing Research, Department of Psychology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Giovannoni G, Ford HL, Schmierer K, Middleton R, Stennett AM, Pomeroy I, Fisniku L, Scalfari A, Bannon C, Stross R, Hughes S, Williams A, Josephs S, Peel C, Straukiene A. MS care: integrating advanced therapies and holistic management. Front Neurol 2024; 14:1286122. [PMID: 38351950 PMCID: PMC10862341 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1286122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Lifestyle and environmental factors are key determinants in disease causality and progression in neurological conditions, including multiple sclerosis (MS). Lack of exercise, poor diet, tobacco smoking, excessive alcohol intake, social determinants of health, concomitant medications, poor sleep and comorbidities can exacerbate MS pathological processes by impacting brain health and depleting neurological reserves, resulting in more rapid disease worsening. In addition to using disease-modifying therapies to alter the disease course, therapeutic strategies in MS should aim to preserve as much neurological reserve as possible by promoting the adoption of a "brain-healthy" and "metabolically-healthy" lifestyle. Here, we recommend self-regulated lifestyle modifications that have the potential to improve brain health, directly impact on disease progression and improve outcomes in people with MS. We emphasise the importance of self-management and adopting a multidisciplinary, collaborative and person-centred approach to care that encompasses the healthcare team, family members and community support groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gavin Giovannoni
- Centre for Neuroscience, Surgery and Trauma, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, The Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
- Clinical Board Medicine (Neuroscience), The Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Helen L. Ford
- Leeds Teaching Hospitals, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Klaus Schmierer
- Centre for Neuroscience, Surgery and Trauma, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, The Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
- Clinical Board Medicine (Neuroscience), The Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rod Middleton
- Disease Registers & Data Research in Health Data Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Andrea M. Stennett
- Centre for Neuroscience, Surgery and Trauma, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, The Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
- Clinical Board Medicine (Neuroscience), The Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Pomeroy
- The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Department of Neurology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Leonora Fisniku
- Department of Neurosciences (Addenbrooke’s), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Antonio Scalfari
- Centre of Neuroscience, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Charing Cross Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Ruth Stross
- Neurology Academy, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Kingston Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Hughes
- Torbay and South Devon NHS Foundation Trust, Torquay, United Kingdom
| | - Adam Williams
- Devon Partnership NHS Trust, Paignton, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Agne Straukiene
- Torbay and South Devon NHS Foundation Trust, Torquay, United Kingdom
- University of Plymouth, Plymouth, United Kingdom
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22
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Wills O, Probst Y. Towards new perspectives: A scoping review and meta-synthesis to redefine brain health for multiple sclerosis. Eur J Neurol 2024:e16210. [PMID: 38226556 DOI: 10.1111/ene.16210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Research promoting the health of the brain has increased exponentially over the last decade. The importance of 'brain health' for multiple sclerosis (MS), as one example, is a high priority. However, as research into the concept increases, so does varied use of the term. METHODS A scoping review, guided by the methodological framework of the Joanna Briggs Institute, was conducted to collate the evidence relating to brain health for MS. A comprehensive literature search incorporated six search strategies to retrieve both scientific and grey literature sources. All evidence sources were qualitatively charted and synthesized (meta-synthesis) according to their definition of brain health used, outcome measures and brain-healthy lifestyle elements. RESULTS Seventy evidence sources (34 peer reviewed, 36 grey literature) were eligible for inclusion. Of these, just over half (n = 40, 57%) provided a definition of brain health. The most common definition alluded to the biomedical model of neurological reserve (n = 22, 55%), a self-remodelling theory described to retain optimal brain function. Twenty-nine outcome measures of brain health were identified, the most frequent being magnetic resonance imaging metrics (n = 25, 83%). Physical activity was the most prevalent brain-healthy lifestyle element (n = 44), followed by avoidance of smoking (n = 26) and diet (n = 24). CONCLUSIONS Brain health should be considered a primary target for optimal disease and lifestyle management across the MS disease course. A working definition reflecting a shift from a medical lens towards broader biopsychosocial contexts that may influence brain health for people living with MS is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Wills
- School of Medical, Indigenous and Health Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Yasmine Probst
- School of Medical, Indigenous and Health Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
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23
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Schroeder MW, Waring ME, Fowler NR, Mace RA, Pagoto SL. Association Between Subjective Cognitive Decline and Twice-Weekly Muscle-Strengthening Activities in Middle-Aged and Older US Adults: An Analysis of the 2019 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Am J Health Promot 2024:8901171231224517. [PMID: 38226478 DOI: 10.1177/08901171231224517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Adults with subjective cognitive decline (SCD), the self-reported concern of reduced cognitive function, are recommended to do physical activity for its brain health benefits. US adults aged ≥45 with SCD are less likely to meet the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) aerobic activity recommendations. Their engagement in muscle-strengthening activities is unknown. We aimed to identify if US adults aged ≥45 with SCD are less likely to do twice-weekly muscle-strengthening activities compared to those without SCD. DESIGN Secondary analysis of the 2019 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) data. SAMPLE 114 164 respondents, representing approximately 59 million US adults aged ≥45. MEASURES SCD was indicated if the respondent reported confusion or memory loss during the past 12 months (yes/no). Respondents reported the frequency of muscle-strengthening activities, which we categorized as meeting the ACSM's recommendations (2+ times per week) or not (<2 times per week). ANALYSIS Crude and adjusted logistic regression models controlling for variables associated with SCD and muscle-strengthening activities. The models used sample weights to represent US adults in the included 31 states and Washington D.C. RESULTS US adults aged ≥45 with SCD were less likely to do twice-weekly muscle-strengthening activities than those without SCD (28.6% [SE: .8%] vs 33.5% [SE: .3%], adjusted OR, .9; 95% CI: .9-1.0). CONCLUSION Primary care providers should encourage middle-aged and older patients to engage in muscle-strengthening and aerobic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Molly E Waring
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Nicole R Fowler
- Indiana University Center for Aging Research, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Regenstrief Institute, Inc., Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Center for Health Innovation and Implementation Science, Indiana Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Ryan A Mace
- Center for Health Outcomes and Interdisciplinary Research, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sherry L Pagoto
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
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Umarova RM, Gallucci L, Hakim A, Wiest R, Fischer U, Arnold M. Adaptation of the Concept of Brain Reserve for the Prediction of Stroke Outcome: Proxies, Neural Mechanisms, and Significance for Research. Brain Sci 2024; 14:77. [PMID: 38248292 PMCID: PMC10813468 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14010077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The prediction of stroke outcome is challenging due to the high inter-individual variability in stroke patients. We recently suggested the adaptation of the concept of brain reserve (BR) to improve the prediction of stroke outcome. This concept was initially developed alongside the one for the cognitive reserve for neurodegeneration and forms a valuable theoretical framework to capture high inter-individual variability in stroke patients. In the present work, we suggest and discuss (i) BR-proxies-quantitative brain characteristics at the time stroke occurs (e.g., brain volume, hippocampus volume), and (ii) proxies of brain pathology reducing BR (e.g., brain atrophy, severity of white matter hyperintensities), parameters easily available from a routine MRI examination that might improve the prediction of stroke outcome. Though the influence of these parameters on stroke outcome has been partly reported individually, their independent and combined impact is yet to be determined. Conceptually, BR is a continuous measure determining the amount of brain structure available to mitigate and compensate for stroke damage, thus reflecting individual differences in neural resources and a capacity to maintain performance and recover after stroke. We suggest that stroke outcome might be defined as an interaction between BR at the time stroke occurs and lesion load. BR in stroke can potentially be influenced, e.g., by modifying cardiovascular risk factors. In addition to the potential power of the BR concept in a mechanistic understanding of inter-individual variability in stroke outcome and establishing individualized therapeutic approaches, it might help to strengthen the synergy of preventive measures in stroke, neurodegeneration, and healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roza M. Umarova
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Inselspital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland; (L.G.); (U.F.); (M.A.)
| | - Laura Gallucci
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Inselspital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland; (L.G.); (U.F.); (M.A.)
| | - Arsany Hakim
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Inselspital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland; (A.H.); (R.W.)
| | - Roland Wiest
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Inselspital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland; (A.H.); (R.W.)
| | - Urs Fischer
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Inselspital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland; (L.G.); (U.F.); (M.A.)
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, 4003 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marcel Arnold
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Inselspital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland; (L.G.); (U.F.); (M.A.)
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Pozzi FE, Remoli G, Tremolizzo L, Appollonio I, Ferrarese C, Cuffaro L. Brain Health and Cognition in Older Adults: Roadmap and Milestones towards the Implementation of Preventive Strategies. Brain Sci 2024; 14:55. [PMID: 38248270 PMCID: PMC10813413 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14010055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
In this narrative review, we delve into the evolving concept of brain health, as recognized by the WHO, focusing on its intersection with cognitive decline. We emphasize the imperative need for preventive strategies, particularly in older adults. We describe the target population that might benefit the most from risk-based approaches-namely, people with subjective cognitive decline. Additionally, we consider universal prevention in cognitively unimpaired middle-aged and older adults. Delving into multidomain personalized preventive strategies, we report on empirical evidence surrounding modifiable risk factors and interventions crucial in mitigating cognitive decline. Next, we highlight the emergence of brain health services (BHS). We explain their proposed role in risk assessment, risk communication, and tailored interventions to reduce the risk of dementia. Commenting on ongoing BHS pilot experiences, we present the inception and framework of our own BHS in Monza, Italy, outlining its operational structure and care pathways. We emphasize the need for global collaboration and intensified research efforts to address the intricate determinants of brain health and their potential impact on healthcare systems worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Emanuele Pozzi
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20100 Milan, Italy; (G.R.); (L.T.); (I.A.); (C.F.); (L.C.)
- Neurology Department & Brain Health Service, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, 20900 Monza, Italy
- Milan Center for Neuroscience (Neuro-MI), University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Remoli
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20100 Milan, Italy; (G.R.); (L.T.); (I.A.); (C.F.); (L.C.)
- Neurology Department & Brain Health Service, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Lucio Tremolizzo
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20100 Milan, Italy; (G.R.); (L.T.); (I.A.); (C.F.); (L.C.)
- Neurology Department & Brain Health Service, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, 20900 Monza, Italy
- Milan Center for Neuroscience (Neuro-MI), University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Ildebrando Appollonio
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20100 Milan, Italy; (G.R.); (L.T.); (I.A.); (C.F.); (L.C.)
- Neurology Department & Brain Health Service, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, 20900 Monza, Italy
- Milan Center for Neuroscience (Neuro-MI), University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Carlo Ferrarese
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20100 Milan, Italy; (G.R.); (L.T.); (I.A.); (C.F.); (L.C.)
- Neurology Department & Brain Health Service, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, 20900 Monza, Italy
- Milan Center for Neuroscience (Neuro-MI), University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Cuffaro
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20100 Milan, Italy; (G.R.); (L.T.); (I.A.); (C.F.); (L.C.)
- Neurology Department & Brain Health Service, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, 20900 Monza, Italy
- Milan Center for Neuroscience (Neuro-MI), University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
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Ni Y, Al-Nusaif M, Hu Y, Li T. Elucidating brain metabolic changes during short-term fasting: a comprehensive atlas. Front Neurosci 2024; 17:1334461. [PMID: 38235391 PMCID: PMC10791819 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1334461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Tianbai Li
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory for Research on the Pathogenic Mechanisms of Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
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Clocchiatti‐Tuozzo S, Rivier CA, Renedo D, Torres Lopez VM, Geer JH, Miner B, Yaggi HK, de Havenon A, Payabvash S, Sheth KN, Gill TM, Falcone GJ. Suboptimal Sleep Duration Is Associated With Poorer Neuroimaging Brain Health Profiles in Middle-Aged Individuals Without Stroke or Dementia. J Am Heart Assoc 2024; 13:e031514. [PMID: 38156552 PMCID: PMC10863828 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.031514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The American Heart Association's Life's Simple 7, a public health construct capturing key determinants of cardiovascular health, became the Life's Essential 8 after the addition of sleep duration. The authors tested the hypothesis that suboptimal sleep duration is associated with poorer neuroimaging brain health profiles in asymptomatic middle-aged adults. METHODS AND RESULTS The authors conducted a prospective magnetic resonance neuroimaging study in middle-aged individuals without stroke or dementia enrolled in the UK Biobank. Self-reported sleep duration was categorized as short (<7 hours), optimal (7-<9 hours), or long (≥9 hours). Evaluated neuroimaging markers included the presence of white matter hyperintensities (WMHs), volume of WMH, and fractional anisotropy, with the latter evaluated as the average of 48 white matter tracts. Multivariable logistic and linear regression models were used to test for an association between sleep duration and these neuroimaging markers. The authors evaluated 39 771 middle-aged individuals. Of these, 28 912 (72.7%) had optimal, 8468 (21.3%) had short, and 2391 (6%) had long sleep duration. Compared with optimal sleep, short sleep was associated with higher risk of WMH presence (odds ratio, 1.11 [95% CI, 1.05-1.18]; P<0.001), larger WMH volume (beta=0.06 [95% CI, 0.04-0.08]; P<0.001), and worse fractional anisotropy profiles (beta=-0.04 [95% CI, -0.06 to -0.02]; P=0.001). Compared with optimal sleep, long sleep duration was associated with larger WMH volume (beta=0.04 [95% CI, 0.01-0.08]; P=0.02) and worse fractional anisotropy profiles (beta=-0.06 [95% CI, -0.1 to -0.02]; P=0.002), but not with WMH presence (P=0.6). CONCLUSIONS Among middle-aged adults without stroke or dementia, suboptimal sleep duration is associated with poorer neuroimaging brain health profiles. Because these neuroimaging markers precede stroke and dementia by several years, these findings are consistent with other findings evaluating early interventions to improve this modifiable risk factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Clocchiatti‐Tuozzo
- Department of NeurologyYale School of MedicineNew HavenCTUSA
- Department of Internal MedicineYale School of MedicineNew HavenCTUSA
| | | | - Daniela Renedo
- Department of NeurologyYale School of MedicineNew HavenCTUSA
| | | | | | - Brienne Miner
- Department of Internal MedicineYale School of MedicineNew HavenCTUSA
| | - Henry K. Yaggi
- Department of Internal MedicineYale School of MedicineNew HavenCTUSA
| | - Adam de Havenon
- Department of NeurologyYale School of MedicineNew HavenCTUSA
| | | | - Kevin N. Sheth
- Department of NeurologyYale School of MedicineNew HavenCTUSA
| | - Thomas M. Gill
- Department of Internal MedicineYale School of MedicineNew HavenCTUSA
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Nwosu A, Qian M, Phillips J, Hellegers CA, Rushia S, Sneed J, Petrella JR, Goldberg TE, Devanand DP, Doraiswamy PM. Computerized Cognitive Training in Mild Cognitive Impairment: Findings in African Americans and Caucasians. J Prev Alzheimers Dis 2024; 11:149-154. [PMID: 38230727 DOI: 10.14283/jpad.2023.80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND African Americans with MCI may be at increased risk for dementia compared to Caucasians. The effect of race on the efficacy of cognitive training in MCI is unclear. METHODS We used data from a two-site, 78-week randomized trial of MCI comparing intensive, home-based, computerized training with Web-based cognitive games or Web-based crossword puzzles to examine the effect of race on outcomes. The study outcomes were changes from baseline in cognitive and functional scales as well as MRI-measured changes in hippocampal volume and cortical thickness. Analyses used linear models adjusted for baseline scores. This was an exploratory study. RESULTS A total of 105 subjects were included comprising 81 whites (77.1%) and 24 African Americans (22.8%). The effect of race on the change from baseline in ADAS-Cog-11 was not significant. The effect of race on change from baseline to week 78 in the Functional Activities Questionnaire (FAQ) was significant with African American participants' FAQ scores showing greater improvements at weeks 52 and 78 (P = 0.009, P = 0.0002, respectively) than white subjects. Within the CCT cohort, FAQ scores for African American participants showed greater improvement between baseline and week 78, compared to white participants randomized to CCT (P = 0.006). There was no effect of race on the UPSA. There was no effect of race on hippocampal or cortical thickness outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Our preliminary findings suggest that web-based cognitive training programs may benefit African Americans with MCI at least as much as Caucasians, and highlight the need to further study underrepresented minorities in AD prevention trials. (Supported by the National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Aging; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03205709.).
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Affiliation(s)
- A Nwosu
- Adaora Nwosu, Neurocognitive Disorders Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA,
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DAmico D, Yusupov I, Zhu L, Lass JW, Plunkett C, Levine B, Troyer AK, Vandermorris S. Feasibility, Acceptability, and Impact of a self-guided e-learning Memory and Brain Health Promotion Program for Healthy Older Adults. Clin Gerontol 2024; 47:4-16. [PMID: 35713408 DOI: 10.1080/07317115.2022.2088325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the feasibility (e.g., completion rate), acceptability (e.g., satisfaction), and participant-reported impact (e.g., memory concerns, behavior change, goal attainment) of a self-guided, e-learning adaptation of a validated, facilitator-guided, in-person memory intervention for older adults. METHODS Participants were 139 healthy older adults (mean age: 73 ± 7, 73% women). Participation tracking and pre/post questionnaires embedded within the e-learning program were used to assess feasibility, acceptability, and impact. RESULTS Sixty-eight percent of participants completed the program. Anonymous feedback data indicated a high level of satisfaction with the program, the pace and clarity of the learning modules, and the user interface. Suggested improvements included offering more interaction with others and addressing minor platform glitches. There was a 41% decrease in the prevalence of concern about memory changes from baseline to posttest. The majority of participants reported an increase in use of memory strategies and uptake of health-promoting lifestyle behaviors. All participants reported moderate-to-high satisfaction with personal goal attainment. CONCLUSIONS The program demonstrated good feasibility, acceptability, and lead to reduction in age-related memory concerns. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS Self-guided, e-learning programming shows promise for fostering positive adaptation to age-related memory changes and improving the uptake of evidence-based strategies to promote brain health among older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle DAmico
- Department of Psychology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Iris Yusupov
- Department of Psychology, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Neuropsychology and Cognitive Health Program, Baycrest, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lynn Zhu
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jordan W Lass
- Kunin-Lunenfeld Centre for Applied Research and Evaluation (KL-CARE), Baycrest, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cindy Plunkett
- Centre for Aging and Brain Health Innovation (CABHI), Baycrest, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brian Levine
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Angela K Troyer
- Neuropsychology and Cognitive Health Program, Baycrest, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Susan Vandermorris
- Neuropsychology and Cognitive Health Program, Baycrest, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Kurita S, Tsutsumimoto K, Kiuchi Y, Nishimoto K, Harada K, Shimada H. Cross-sectional associations between sedentary time with cognitive engagement and brain volume among community-dwelling vulnerable older adults. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24:82-89. [PMID: 38140759 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Vulnerable older adults tend to decrease physical activity (PA) and increase sedentary time (ST). Previous research on the associations between ST and brain volume have yielded inconsistent findings, without considering the impact of cognitive engagement (CE) on cognitive function. We aimed to examine the association between ST with CE and brain volume. METHODS A structural magnetic resonance imaging survey was conducted among community-dwelling vulnerable older adults. Brain volumetric measurements were obtained using 3T magnetic resonance imaging and pre-processed using FreeSurfer. ST with low or high CE was assessed using a 12-item questionnaire. PA was assessed by the frequency of light and moderate levels of physical exercise according to the Japanese version of the Cardiovascular Health Study criteria. Participants were categorized into a low PA group and a moderate-to-high PA group. RESULTS Among 91 participants (83.1 ± 5.2 years old, 61.5% female), 26 were low PA. The overall sample and moderate-to-high PA group did not show significant positive associations with brain volume for ST with high CE. In the low PA group, isotemporal substitution models showed that replacing ST with low CE by ST with high CE was significantly associated with increased brain volume in some areas, including the rostral and caudal anterior cingulate (β = 0.486-0.618, all P < 0.05, adjusted R2 = 0.344-0.663). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that replacing ST with low CE by ST with high CE is positively associated with brain volume in vulnerable older adults with low PA. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 82-89.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Kurita
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Kota Tsutsumimoto
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Yuto Kiuchi
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kazuhei Nishimoto
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
- Department of Medical Sciences, Medical Science Division, Graduate School of Medicine, Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan
| | - Kenji Harada
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Shimada
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
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Schindler LS, Subramaniapillai S, Ambikairajah A, Barth C, Crestol A, Voldsbekk I, Beck D, Gurholt TP, Topiwala A, Suri S, Ebmeier KP, Andreassen OA, Draganski B, Westlye LT, de Lange AMG. Cardiometabolic health across menopausal years is linked to white matter hyperintensities up to a decade later. Front Glob Womens Health 2023; 4:1320640. [PMID: 38213741 PMCID: PMC10783171 DOI: 10.3389/fgwh.2023.1320640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The menopause transition is associated with several cardiometabolic risk factors. Poor cardiometabolic health is further linked to microvascular brain lesions, which can be detected as white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) using T2-FLAIR magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. Females show higher risk for WMHs post-menopause, but it remains unclear whether changes in cardiometabolic risk factors underlie menopause-related increase in brain pathology. Methods In this study, we assessed whether cross-sectional measures of cardiometabolic health, including body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), blood lipids, blood pressure, and long-term blood glucose (HbA1c), as well as longitudinal changes in BMI and WHR, differed according to menopausal status at baseline in 9,882 UK Biobank females (age range 40-70 years, n premenopausal = 3,529, n postmenopausal = 6,353). Furthermore, we examined whether these cardiometabolic factors were associated with WMH outcomes at the follow-up assessment, on average 8.78 years after baseline. Results Postmenopausal females showed higher levels of baseline blood lipids (HDL β = 0.14, p < 0.001, LDL β = 0.20, p < 0.001, triglycerides β = 0.12, p < 0.001) and HbA1c (β = 0.24, p < 0.001) compared to premenopausal women, beyond the effects of age. Over time, BMI increased more in the premenopausal compared to the postmenopausal group (β = -0.08, p < 0.001), while WHR increased to a similar extent in both groups (β = -0.03, p = 0.102). The change in WHR was however driven by increased waist circumference only in the premenopausal group. While the group level changes in BMI and WHR were in general small, these findings point to distinct anthropometric changes in pre- and postmenopausal females over time. Higher baseline measures of BMI, WHR, triglycerides, blood pressure, and HbA1c, as well as longitudinal increases in BMI and WHR, were associated with larger WMH volumes (β range = 0.03-0.13, p ≤ 0.002). HDL showed a significant inverse relationship with WMH volume (β = -0.27, p < 0.001). Discussion Our findings emphasise the importance of monitoring cardiometabolic risk factors in females from midlife through the menopause transition and into the postmenopausal phase, to ensure improved cerebrovascular outcomes in later years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise S. Schindler
- LREN, Centre for Research in Neurosciences, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Sivaniya Subramaniapillai
- LREN, Centre for Research in Neurosciences, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ananthan Ambikairajah
- Discipline of Psychology, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Claudia Barth
- Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Arielle Crestol
- Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Irene Voldsbekk
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Dani Beck
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tiril P. Gurholt
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anya Topiwala
- Nuffield Department Population Health, Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Sana Suri
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Klaus P. Ebmeier
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ole A. Andreassen
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- KG Jebsen Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Bogdan Draganski
- LREN, Centre for Research in Neurosciences, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Lars T. Westlye
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- KG Jebsen Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ann-Marie G. de Lange
- LREN, Centre for Research in Neurosciences, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Fitri FI, Lage C, Mollayeva T, Santamaria-Garcia H, Chan M, Cominetti MR, Daria T, Fallon G, Gately D, Gichu M, Giménez S, Zuniga RG, Hadad R, Hill-Jarrett T, O’Kelly M, Martinez L, Modjaji P, Ngcobo N, Nowak R, Ogbuagu C, Roche M, Aguzzoli CS, Shin SY, Smith E, Yoseph SA, Zewde Y, Ayhan Y. Empathy as a crucial skill in disrupting disparities in global brain health. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1189143. [PMID: 38162446 PMCID: PMC10756064 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1189143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Brain health refers to the state of a person's brain function across various domains, including cognitive, behavioral and motor functions. Healthy brains are associated with better individual health, increased creativity, and enhanced productivity. A person's brain health is intricately connected to personal, social and environmental factors. Racial, ethnic, and social disparities affect brain health and on the global scale these disparities within and between regions present a hurdle to brain health. To overcome global disparities, greater collaboration between practitioners and healthcare providers and the people they serve is essential. This requires cultural humility driven by empathy. Empathy is a core prosocial value, a cognitive-emotional skill that helps us understand ourselves and others. This position paper aims to provide an overview of the vital roles of empathy, cooperation, and interdisciplinary partnerships. By consciously integrating this understanding in practice, leaders can better position themselves to address the diverse challenges faced by communities, promote inclusivity in policies and practices, and further more equitable solutions to the problem of global brain health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fasihah Irfani Fitri
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
- Senior Atlantic Fellow at the Global Brain Health Institute/Trinity College, UCSF, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Carmen Lage
- Department of Neurology, Marques de Valdecilla University Hospital - Valdecilla Research Institute (IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
- Senior Atlantic Fellow at the Global Brain Health Institute/Trinity College, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Tatyana Mollayeva
- Senior Atlantic Fellow at the Global Brain Health Institute/Trinity College, UCSF, Dublin, Ireland
- Canada Research Chairs, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- The KITE Research Institute, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Acquired Brain Injury Research Lab, Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Hernando Santamaria-Garcia
- Senior Atlantic Fellow at the Global Brain Health Institute/Trinity College, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Center of Memory and Cognition Intellectus, Hospital Universitario San Ignacio Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
- Pontificia Universidad Javeriana (PhD Program in Neuroscience) Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Melissa Chan
- Senior Atlantic Fellow at the Global Brain Health Institute/Trinity College, UCSF, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Social Sciences, University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Marcia R. Cominetti
- Senior Atlantic Fellow at the Global Brain Health Institute/Trinity College, UCSF, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Gerontology, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Tselmen Daria
- Senior Atlantic Fellow at the Global Brain Health Institute/Trinity College, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Gillian Fallon
- Senior Atlantic Fellow at the Global Brain Health Institute/Trinity College, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Dominic Gately
- Senior Atlantic Fellow at the Global Brain Health Institute/Trinity College, UCSF, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Muthoni Gichu
- Senior Atlantic Fellow at the Global Brain Health Institute/Trinity College, UCSF, Dublin, Ireland
- Division of Geriatric Medicine at the Ministry of Health, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Sandra Giménez
- Senior Atlantic Fellow at the Global Brain Health Institute/Trinity College, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Multidisciplinary Sleep Unit, Memory Unit, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raquel Gutierrez Zuniga
- Senior Atlantic Fellow at the Global Brain Health Institute/Trinity College, UCSF, Dublin, Ireland
- Hospital Quirónsalud Valle del Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafi Hadad
- Senior Atlantic Fellow at the Global Brain Health Institute/Trinity College, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Tanisha Hill-Jarrett
- Senior Atlantic Fellow at the Global Brain Health Institute/Trinity College, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Memory and Aging Center, Medical Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Mick O’Kelly
- Senior Atlantic Fellow at the Global Brain Health Institute/Trinity College, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, United States
- National College of Art and Design, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Luis Martinez
- Senior Atlantic Fellow at the Global Brain Health Institute/Trinity College, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Memory and Aging Center, Medical Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Paul Modjaji
- Senior Atlantic Fellow at the Global Brain Health Institute/Trinity College, UCSF, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ntkozo Ngcobo
- Senior Atlantic Fellow at the Global Brain Health Institute/Trinity College, UCSF, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Psychiatry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Rafal Nowak
- Senior Atlantic Fellow at the Global Brain Health Institute/Trinity College, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Neuroelectrics (Spain), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Chukwuanugo Ogbuagu
- Senior Atlantic Fellow at the Global Brain Health Institute/Trinity College, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nigeria
| | - Moïse Roche
- Senior Atlantic Fellow at the Global Brain Health Institute/Trinity College, UCSF, Dublin, Ireland
- Division of Psychiatry, UCL, London, United Kingdom
| | - Cristiano Schaffer Aguzzoli
- Senior Atlantic Fellow at the Global Brain Health Institute/Trinity College, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - So Young Shin
- Senior Atlantic Fellow at the Global Brain Health Institute/Trinity College, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, United States
- College of Nursing, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Erin Smith
- Senior Atlantic Fellow at the Global Brain Health Institute/Trinity College, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Selam Aberra Yoseph
- Senior Atlantic Fellow at the Global Brain Health Institute/Trinity College, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, United States
- College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Yared Zewde
- Senior Atlantic Fellow at the Global Brain Health Institute/Trinity College, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, United States
- College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Yavuz Ayhan
- Senior Atlantic Fellow at the Global Brain Health Institute/Trinity College, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Türkiye
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Osuna-Ramos JF, Camberos-Barraza J, Torres-Mondragón LE, Rábago-Monzón ÁR, Camacho-Zamora A, Valdez-Flores MA, Angulo-Rojo CE, Guadrón-Llanos AM, Picos-Cárdenas VJ, Calderón-Zamora L, Magaña-Gómez JA, Norzagaray-Valenzuela CD, Cárdenas-Torres FI, De la Herrán-Arita AK. Interplay between the Glymphatic System and the Endocannabinoid System: Implications for Brain Health and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17458. [PMID: 38139290 PMCID: PMC10743431 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The intricate mechanisms governing brain health and function have long been subjects of extensive investigation. Recent research has shed light on two pivotal systems, the glymphatic system and the endocannabinoid system, and their profound role within the central nervous system. The glymphatic system is a recently discovered waste clearance system within the brain that facilitates the efficient removal of toxic waste products and metabolites from the central nervous system. It relies on the unique properties of the brain's extracellular space and is primarily driven by cerebrospinal fluid and glial cells. Conversely, the endocannabinoid system, a multifaceted signaling network, is intricately involved in diverse physiological processes and has been associated with modulating synaptic plasticity, nociception, affective states, appetite regulation, and immune responses. This scientific review delves into the intricate interconnections between these two systems, exploring their combined influence on brain health and disease. By elucidating the synergistic effects of glymphatic function and endocannabinoid signaling, this review aims to deepen our understanding of their implications for neurological disorders, immune responses, and cognitive well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan F. Osuna-Ramos
- Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Culiacán 80019, Mexico
| | - Josué Camberos-Barraza
- Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Culiacán 80019, Mexico
- Doctorado en Biomedicina Molecular, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Culiacán 80019, Mexico
| | - Laura E. Torres-Mondragón
- Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Culiacán 80019, Mexico
- Maestría en Biomedicina Molecular, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Culiacán 80019, Mexico
| | - Ángel R. Rábago-Monzón
- Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Culiacán 80019, Mexico
- Doctorado en Biomedicina Molecular, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Culiacán 80019, Mexico
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Javier A. Magaña-Gómez
- Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Gastronomy, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Culiacán 80019, Mexico
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Schurr A, Mokler DJ, Lee HG, Tasca CI. Editorial: Insights in neuroenergetics, nutrition and brain health: 2023. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1331872. [PMID: 38156265 PMCID: PMC10753829 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1331872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Avital Schurr
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - David J. Mokler
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, University of New England, Biddeford, ME, United States
| | - Hyoung-gon Lee
- Department of Neuroscience, Developmental and Regenerative Biology, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Carla I. Tasca
- Laboratorio de Neuroquimica 4, Departamento de Bioquimica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
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Khairinisa MA, Latarissa IR, Athaya NS, Charlie V, Musyaffa HA, Prasedya ES, Puspitasari IM. Potential Application of Marine Algae and Their Bioactive Metabolites in Brain Disease Treatment: Pharmacognosy and Pharmacology Insights for Therapeutic Advances. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1686. [PMID: 38137134 PMCID: PMC10741471 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13121686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Seaweeds, also known as edible marine algae, are an abundant source of phytosterols, carotenoids, and polysaccharides, among other bioactive substances. Studies conducted in the past few decades have demonstrated that substances derived from seaweed may be able to pass through the blood-brain barrier and act as neuroprotectants. According to preliminary clinical research, seaweed may also help prevent or lessen the symptoms of cerebrovascular illnesses by reducing mental fatigue, preventing endothelial damage to the vascular wall of brain vessels, and regulating internal pressure. They have the ability to control neurotransmitter levels, lessen neuroinflammation, lessen oxidative stress, and prevent the development of amyloid plaques. This review aims to understand the application potential of marine algae and their influence on brain development, highlighting the nutritional value of this "superfood" and providing current knowledge on the molecular mechanisms in the brain associated with their dietary introduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miski Aghnia Khairinisa
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia; (I.R.L.); (N.S.A.); (V.C.); (H.A.M.); (I.M.P.)
- Centre of Excellence in Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Padjadjaran University, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
| | - Irma Rahayu Latarissa
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia; (I.R.L.); (N.S.A.); (V.C.); (H.A.M.); (I.M.P.)
| | - Nadiyah Salma Athaya
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia; (I.R.L.); (N.S.A.); (V.C.); (H.A.M.); (I.M.P.)
| | - Vandie Charlie
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia; (I.R.L.); (N.S.A.); (V.C.); (H.A.M.); (I.M.P.)
| | - Hanif Azhar Musyaffa
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia; (I.R.L.); (N.S.A.); (V.C.); (H.A.M.); (I.M.P.)
| | - Eka Sunarwidhi Prasedya
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Mataram, Mataram 83115, Indonesia;
- Bioscience and Biotechnology Research Centre, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Mataram, Mataram 83126, Indonesia
| | - Irma Melyani Puspitasari
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia; (I.R.L.); (N.S.A.); (V.C.); (H.A.M.); (I.M.P.)
- Centre of Excellence in Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Padjadjaran University, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
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Phillips K, Callaghan B, Rajagopalan V, Akram F, Newburger JW, Kasparian NA. Neuroimaging and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes Among Individuals With Complex Congenital Heart Disease: JACC State-of-the-Art Review. J Am Coll Cardiol 2023; 82:2225-2245. [PMID: 38030353 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2023.09.824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Although neuroimaging advances have deepened our understanding of brain health in individuals with congenital heart disease (CHD), it is less clear how neuroimaging findings relate to neurodevelopmental and mental health outcomes across the lifespan. We systematically synthesized and critically evaluated evidence on associations between neuroimaging and neurodevelopmental, neurocognitive, psychiatric, or behavioral outcomes among individuals with transposition of great arteries or single-ventricle CHD (Protocol CRD42021229617). Six databases were searched and 45 papers from 25 unique studies were identified. Structural brain injury was generally linked to poorer neurodevelopment in infancy. Brain volumes and microstructural and functional brain changes appear linked to neurocognitive outcomes, including deficits in attention, learning, memory, and executive function in children and adolescents. Fetal neuroimaging studies were limited. Four papers investigated psychiatric outcomes; none found associations with neuroimaging. Multicenter, longitudinal studies incorporating functional neuroimaging and mental health outcomes are much-needed to inform early neuroprotective and therapeutic strategies in CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katelyn Phillips
- Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Bridget Callaghan
- Department of Psychology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Vidya Rajagopalan
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles and Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Farah Akram
- Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jane W Newburger
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nadine A Kasparian
- Heart and Mind Wellbeing Center, Heart Institute and the Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
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Singh SD, Oreskovic T, Carr S, Papier K, Conroy M, Senff JR, Chemali Z, Gutierrez-Martinez L, Parodi L, Mayerhofer E, Marini S, Nunley C, Newhouse A, Ouyang A, Brouwers HB, Westover B, Rivier C, Falcone G, Howard V, Howard G, Pikula A, Ibrahim S, Sheth KN, Yechoor N, Lazar RM, Anderson CD, Tanzi RE, Fricchione G, Littlejohns T, Rosand J. The predictive validity of a Brain Care Score for dementia and stroke: data from the UK Biobank cohort. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1291020. [PMID: 38107629 PMCID: PMC10725202 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1291020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The 21-point Brain Care Score (BCS) was developed through a modified Delphi process in partnership with practitioners and patients to promote behavior changes and lifestyle choices in order to sustainably reduce the risk of dementia and stroke. We aimed to assess the associations of the BCS with risk of incident dementia and stroke. Methods The BCS was derived from the United Kingdom Biobank (UKB) baseline evaluation for participants aged 40-69 years, recruited between 2006-2010. Associations of BCS and risk of subsequent incident dementia and stroke were estimated using Cox proportional hazard regressions, adjusted for sex assigned at birth and stratified by age groups at baseline. Results The BCS (median: 12; IQR:11-14) was derived for 398,990 UKB participants (mean age: 57; females: 54%). There were 5,354 incident cases of dementia and 7,259 incident cases of stroke recorded during a median follow-up of 12.5 years. A five-point higher BCS at baseline was associated with a 59% (95%CI: 40-72%) lower risk of dementia among participants aged <50. Among those aged 50-59, the figure was 32% (95%CI: 20-42%) and 8% (95%CI: 2-14%) for those aged >59 years. A five-point higher BCS was associated with a 48% (95%CI: 39-56%) lower risk of stroke among participants aged <50, 52% (95%CI, 47-56%) among those aged 50-59, and 33% (95%CI, 29-37%) among those aged >59. Discussion The BCS has clinically relevant and statistically significant associations with risk of dementia and stroke in approximately 0.4 million UK people. Future research includes investigating the feasibility, adaptability and implementation of the BCS for patients and providers worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjula D. Singh
- Henry and Allison McCance Center for Brain Health, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Tin Oreskovic
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Sinclair Carr
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Keren Papier
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Megan Conroy
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jasper R. Senff
- Henry and Allison McCance Center for Brain Health, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Zeina Chemali
- Henry and Allison McCance Center for Brain Health, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Division of Neuropsychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Leidys Gutierrez-Martinez
- Henry and Allison McCance Center for Brain Health, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Livia Parodi
- Henry and Allison McCance Center for Brain Health, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Ernst Mayerhofer
- Henry and Allison McCance Center for Brain Health, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Sandro Marini
- Henry and Allison McCance Center for Brain Health, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Courtney Nunley
- Henry and Allison McCance Center for Brain Health, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Amy Newhouse
- Henry and Allison McCance Center for Brain Health, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Division of Neuropsychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - An Ouyang
- Henry and Allison McCance Center for Brain Health, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - H. Bart Brouwers
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Brandon Westover
- Henry and Allison McCance Center for Brain Health, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Cyprien Rivier
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Guido Falcone
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Virginia Howard
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - George Howard
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Aleksandra Pikula
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Krembil Brain Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Lawrence S Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sarah Ibrahim
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Krembil Brain Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Lawrence S Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kevin N. Sheth
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Nirupama Yechoor
- Henry and Allison McCance Center for Brain Health, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Ronald M. Lazar
- McKnight Brain Institute, Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Christopher D. Anderson
- Henry and Allison McCance Center for Brain Health, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Rudolph E. Tanzi
- Henry and Allison McCance Center for Brain Health, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Gregory Fricchione
- Henry and Allison McCance Center for Brain Health, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Benson-Henry Institute for Mind Body Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Thomas Littlejohns
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Rosand
- Henry and Allison McCance Center for Brain Health, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
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Oliveira EF, Forbes SC, Borges EQ, Machado LF, Candow DG, Machado M. Association between dietary creatine and visuospatial short-term memory in older adults. Nutr Health 2023; 29:731-736. [PMID: 35603861 DOI: 10.1177/02601060221102273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Aims: The purpose was to examine the relationship between habitual dietary creatine intake obtained in food and visuospatial short-term memory (VSSM). Methods: Forty-two participants (32 females, 10 males; > 60 yrs of age) completed a 5-day dietary recall to estimate creatine intake and performed a cognitive assessment which included a visuospatial short-term memory test (forward and reverse corsi block test) and a mini-mental state examination (MMSE). Pearson correlation coefficients were determined. Further, cohorts were derived based on the median creatine intake. Results: There was a significant correlation between the forward Corsi (r = 0.703, P < 0.001), reverse Corsi (r = 0.715, P < 0.001), and the memory sub-component of the MMSE (r = 0.406, P = 0.004). A median creatine intake of 0.382 g/day was found. Participants consuming greater than the median had a significantly higher Corsi (P = 0.005) and reverse Corsi (P < 0.001) scores compared to participants ingesting less than the median. Conclusions: Dietary creatine intake is positively associated with measures of memory in older adults. Clinical Implications: Older adults should consider food sources containing creatine (i.e. red meat, seafood) due to the positive association with visuospatial short-term memory.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Scott C Forbes
- Department of Physical Education Studies, Brandon University, Brandon, MB, Canada
| | | | | | - Darren G Candow
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Health Studies, University of Regina, Regina, SK, Canada
| | - Marco Machado
- Universidade Iguaçu Campus V, Itaperuna, RJ, Brazil
- Itaperuna Universitary Foundation (FUNITA), Itaperuna, RJ, Brazil
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Stulberg EL, Sachdev PS, Murray AM, Cramer SC, Sorond FA, Lakshminarayan K, Sabayan B. Post-Stroke Brain Health Monitoring and Optimization: A Narrative Review. J Clin Med 2023; 12:7413. [PMID: 38068464 PMCID: PMC10706919 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12237413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Significant advancements have been made in recent years in the acute treatment and secondary prevention of stroke. However, a large proportion of stroke survivors will go on to have enduring physical, cognitive, and psychological disabilities from suboptimal post-stroke brain health. Impaired brain health following stroke thus warrants increased attention from clinicians and researchers alike. In this narrative review based on an open timeframe search of the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, we define post-stroke brain health and appraise the body of research focused on modifiable vascular, lifestyle, and psychosocial factors for optimizing post-stroke brain health. In addition, we make clinical recommendations for the monitoring and management of post-stroke brain health at major post-stroke transition points centered on four key intertwined domains: cognition, psychosocial health, physical functioning, and global vascular health. Finally, we discuss potential future work in the field of post-stroke brain health, including the use of remote monitoring and interventions, neuromodulation, multi-morbidity interventions, enriched environments, and the need to address inequities in post-stroke brain health. As post-stroke brain health is a relatively new, rapidly evolving, and broad clinical and research field, this narrative review aims to identify and summarize the evidence base to help clinicians and researchers tailor their own approach to integrating post-stroke brain health into their practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric L. Stulberg
- Department of Neurology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA;
| | - Perminder S. Sachdev
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA), University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia;
- Neuropsychiatric Institute, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, NSW 2031, Australia
| | - Anne M. Murray
- Berman Center for Outcomes and Clinical Research, Minneapolis, MN 55415, USA;
- Department of Medicine, Geriatrics Division, Hennepin Healthcare Research Institute, Minneapolis, MN 55404, USA
| | - Steven C. Cramer
- Department of Neurology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA;
- California Rehabilitation Institute, Los Angeles, CA 90067, USA
| | - Farzaneh A. Sorond
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA;
| | - Kamakshi Lakshminarayan
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA;
| | - Behnam Sabayan
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA;
- Department of Neurology, Hennepin Healthcare Research Institute, Minneapolis, MN 55404, USA
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Gregory S, Booi L, Jenkins N, Bridgeman K, Muniz-Terrera G, Farina FR. Hormonal contraception and risk for cognitive impairment or Alzheimer's disease and related dementias in young women: a scoping review of the evidence. Front Glob Womens Health 2023; 4:1289096. [PMID: 38025979 PMCID: PMC10679746 DOI: 10.3389/fgwh.2023.1289096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Women are significantly more likely to develop Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) than men. Suggestions to explain the sex differences in dementia incidence have included the influence of sex hormones with little attention paid to date as to the effect of hormonal contraception on brain health. The aim of this scoping review is to evaluate the current evidence base for associations between hormonal contraceptive use by women and non-binary people in early adulthood and brain health outcomes. Methods A literature search was conducted using EMBASE, Medline and Google Scholar, using the keywords "hormonal contraception" OR "contraception" OR "contraceptive" AND "Alzheimer*" OR "Brain Health" OR "Dementia". Results Eleven papers were identified for inclusion in the narrative synthesis. Studies recruited participants from the UK, USA, China, South Korea and Indonesia. Studies included data from women who were post-menopausal with retrospective data collection, with only one study contemporaneously collecting data from participants during the period of hormonal contraceptive use. Studies reported associations between hormonal contraceptive use and a lower risk of ADRD, particularly Alzheimer's disease (AD), better cognition and larger grey matter volume. Some studies reported stronger associations with longer duration of hormonal contraceptive use, however, results were inconsistent. Four studies reported no significant associations between hormonal contraceptive use and measures of brain health, including brain age on MRI scans and risk of AD diagnosis. Discussion Further research is needed on young adults taking hormonal contraceptives, on different types of hormonal contraceptives (other than oral) and to explore intersections between sex, gender, race and ethnicity. Systematic Review Registration https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/MVX63, identifier: OSF.io: 10.17605/OSF.IO/MVX63.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Gregory
- Edinburgh Dementia Prevention, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Booi
- Memory and Aging Center, Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
- Centre for Dementia Research, School of Health, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Natalie Jenkins
- Edinburgh Dementia Prevention, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- School of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Katie Bridgeman
- Edinburgh Dementia Prevention, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Graciela Muniz-Terrera
- Edinburgh Dementia Prevention, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
| | - Francesca R. Farina
- Memory and Aging Center, Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
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Baez S, Alladi S, Ibanez A. Global South research is critical for understanding brain health, ageing and dementia. Clin Transl Med 2023; 13:e1486. [PMID: 37987144 PMCID: PMC10660824 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Baez
- Global Brain Health Institute (GBHI)Trinity College Dublin (TCD)DublinIreland
- Universidad de los AndesBogotaColombia
| | - Suvarna Alladi
- Department of NeurologyNational Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS)BangaloreIndia
| | - Agustin Ibanez
- Global Brain Health Institute (GBHI)Trinity College Dublin (TCD)DublinIreland
- Latin American Brain Health Institute (BrainLat)Universidad Adolfo IbañezSantiago de ChileChile
- Cognitive Neuroscience Center (CNC)Universidad de San Andrés, and CONICETBuenos AiresArgentina
- Trinity College Dublin (TCD)DublinIreland
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Brito AC, Levy DF, Schneck SM, Entrup JL, Onuscheck CF, Casilio M, de Riesthal M, Davis LT, Wilson SM. Leukoaraiosis Is Not Associated With Recovery From Aphasia in the First Year After Stroke. Neurobiol Lang (Camb) 2023; 4:536-549. [PMID: 37946731 PMCID: PMC10631799 DOI: 10.1162/nol_a_00115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
After a stroke, individuals with aphasia often recover to a certain extent over time. This recovery process may be dependent on the health of surviving brain regions. Leukoaraiosis (white matter hyperintensities on MRI reflecting cerebral small vessel disease) is one indication of compromised brain health and is associated with cognitive and motor impairment. Previous studies have suggested that leukoaraiosis may be a clinically relevant predictor of aphasia outcomes and recovery, although findings have been inconsistent. We investigated the relationship between leukoaraiosis and aphasia in the first year after stroke. We recruited 267 patients with acute left hemispheric stroke and coincident fluid attenuated inversion recovery MRI. Patients were evaluated for aphasia within 5 days of stroke, and 174 patients presented with aphasia acutely. Of these, 84 patients were evaluated at ∼3 months post-stroke or later to assess longer-term speech and language outcomes. Multivariable regression models were fit to the data to identify any relationships between leukoaraiosis and initial aphasia severity, extent of recovery, or longer-term aphasia severity. We found that leukoaraiosis was present to varying degrees in 90% of patients. However, leukoaraiosis did not predict initial aphasia severity, aphasia recovery, or longer-term aphasia severity. The lack of any relationship between leukoaraiosis severity and aphasia recovery may reflect the anatomical distribution of cerebral small vessel disease, which is largely medial to the white matter pathways that are critical for speech and language function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Deborah F. Levy
- Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Sarah M. Schneck
- Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jillian L. Entrup
- Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Caitlin F. Onuscheck
- Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Marianne Casilio
- Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Michael de Riesthal
- Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - L. Taylor Davis
- Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Stephen M. Wilson
- Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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Huang Y, Li QX, Cao LX, Wang G, Chan DKY, Bettencourt C, Milward AE. Editorial: Human brain banking - Bridging brain health and precision neurology. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1322200. [PMID: 37965174 PMCID: PMC10641812 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1322200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Huang
- Human Brain and Tissue Bank, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Qiao-Xin Li
- National Dementia Diagnostics Laboratory, The Florey Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Ling-Xiao Cao
- Human Brain and Tissue Bank, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Wang
- School of Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Daniel Kam Yin Chan
- Department of Aged Care and Rehabilitation, Bankstown Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Conceicao Bettencourt
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Queen Square Brain Bank, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Adrienne E. Milward
- School of Medical, Indigenous and Health Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
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Zhao N, Chung TD, Guo Z, Jamieson JJ, Liang L, Linville RM, Pessell AF, Wang L, Searson PC. The influence of physiological and pathological perturbations on blood-brain barrier function. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1289894. [PMID: 37937070 PMCID: PMC10626523 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1289894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is located at the interface between the vascular system and the brain parenchyma, and is responsible for communication with systemic circulation and peripheral tissues. During life, the BBB can be subjected to a wide range of perturbations or stresses that may be endogenous or exogenous, pathological or therapeutic, or intended or unintended. The risk factors for many diseases of the brain are multifactorial and involve perturbations that may occur simultaneously (e.g., two-hit model for Alzheimer's disease) and result in different outcomes. Therefore, it is important to understand the influence of individual perturbations on BBB function in isolation. Here we review the effects of eight perturbations: mechanical forces, temperature, electromagnetic radiation, hypoxia, endogenous factors, exogenous factors, chemical factors, and pathogens. While some perturbations may result in acute or chronic BBB disruption, many are also exploited for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes. The resultant outcome on BBB function depends on the dose (or magnitude) and duration of the perturbation. Homeostasis may be restored by self-repair, for example, via processes such as proliferation of affected cells or angiogenesis to create new vasculature. Transient or sustained BBB dysfunction may result in acute or pathological symptoms, for example, microhemorrhages or hypoperfusion. In more extreme cases, perturbations may lead to cytotoxicity and cell death, for example, through exposure to cytotoxic plaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhao
- Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Tracy D. Chung
- Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Zhaobin Guo
- Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - John J. Jamieson
- Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Lily Liang
- Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Raleigh M. Linville
- Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Alex F. Pessell
- Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Linus Wang
- Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Peter C. Searson
- Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
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Avelino-Silva TJ, Trujillo N, Udeh-Momoh C. Fairness: from the guts to the brain - a critical examination by Atlantic fellows of the Global Brain Health Institute. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1241125. [PMID: 37928589 PMCID: PMC10620796 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1241125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In January 2023, the Global Brain Health Institute (GBHI) at UCSF hosted an online salon to discuss the relationship between fairness and brain health equity. We aimed to address two primary questions: first, how is fairness perceived by the public, and how does it manifest in societal constructs like equity and justice? Second, what are the neurobiological foundations of fairness, and how do they impact brain health? Drawing from interdisciplinary fields such as philosophy, psychology, and neuroscience, the salon served as a platform for participants to share diverse perspectives on fairness. Fairness is a multifaceted concept encompassing equity, justice, empathy, opportunity, non-discrimination, and the Golden Rule, but by delving into its evolutionary origins, we can verify its deep-rooted presence in both human and animal behaviors. Real-world experiments, such as Frans de Waal's capuchin monkey study, have proven enlightening, elucidating many mechanisms that have shaped our neurobiological responses to fairness. Contemporary cognitive neuroscience research further emphasizes the role of neuroanatomical areas and neurotransmitters in encoding fairness-related processes. We also discussed the critical interconnection between fairness and healthcare equity, particularly its implications for brain health. These values are instrumental in promoting social justice and improving health outcomes. In our polarized social landscape, there are rising concerns about a potential decrease in fairness and prosocial behaviors due to isolated social bubbles. We stress the urgency for interventions that enhance perspective-taking, reasoning, and empathy. Overall, fairness is vital to fostering an equitable society and its subsequent influence on brain health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Junqueira Avelino-Silva
- Atlantic Fellowship in Equity in Brain Health, Global Brain Health Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Laboratorio de Investigacao Medica em Envelhecimento LIM66, Servico de Geriatria, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Natalia Trujillo
- Atlantic Fellowship in Equity in Brain Health, Global Brain Health Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Mental Health Research Group, National School of Public Health, University of Antioquia-UDEA, Medellin, Colombia
- Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Chinedu Udeh-Momoh
- Atlantic Fellowship in Equity in Brain Health, Global Brain Health Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Centre for Healthy Brain Aging, Brain and Mind Institute, Aga Khan University, Nairobi, Kenya
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
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Pihlaja M, Peräkylä J, Erkkilä EH, Tapio E, Vertanen M, Hartikainen KM. Altered neural processes underlying executive function in occupational burnout-Basis for a novel EEG biomarker. Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 17:1194714. [PMID: 37850039 PMCID: PMC10577205 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1194714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction As burnout has become a global pandemic, there is a call for improved understanding and detection of alterations in brain functions related to it. We have previously reported challenges in executive functions (EFs) in daily life, especially in metacognition, in subjects with occupational burnout, along with alterations in cardiac physiology. In the current study, we focused on the impact of burnout on brain physiology during a task requiring EF. Methods Fifty-four volunteers filled in inventories of burnout, depression, and EF in daily life (BBI-15, BDI, and BRIEF-A). Based on the BBI-15 score, subjects were divided into burnout and non-burnout groups. Subjects performed a Go/NoGo test (Executive RT test) engaging several EFs, while their EEG was recorded. The inventory scores, cognitive performance scores, and event-related potential (N2, P3) amplitudes, latencies, and interpeak latencies (IPLs) were compared between the groups. Results There were significant differences in the BDI and BRIEF-A scores between the groups, with more symptoms of depression and challenges in daily life in the burnout group. There were no differences in objective performance measures in the EF task between the groups. However, centroparietal P3 amplitude was larger, and while there were no differences in N2 or P3 latencies, N2-P3 IPL was longer in the Go condition in the burnout than in non-burnout group. Both ERP measures correlated significantly with burnout symptoms. A regression model from centroparietal P3 amplitude and N2-P3 IPL predicted significantly both the BBI-15 score and the BRIEF-A metacognition index. Discussion We conclude that burnout is linked with challenges in EF in daily life and alterations in the underlying neural processes. While cognitive performance in the task was equal, electrophysiological measures differed between the groups. Prolonged N2-P3 IPL points toward slowed transition from one cognitive process to another. Increased P3 amplitude, on the other hand, reflects increased allocation of neural processing resources. This may be a compensatory mechanism, allowing for equal performance with controls. These electrophysiological measures, obtained during the EF task, show promise as brain physiology-based biomarkers of burnout, contributing to its improved and objective detection. In addition, these results indicate occupational burnout is linked with objective alterations in brain physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mia Pihlaja
- Behavioral Neurology Research Unit, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jari Peräkylä
- Behavioral Neurology Research Unit, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Emma-Helka Erkkilä
- Behavioral Neurology Research Unit, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Emilia Tapio
- Behavioral Neurology Research Unit, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Maiju Vertanen
- Behavioral Neurology Research Unit, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Kaisa M. Hartikainen
- Behavioral Neurology Research Unit, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
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Ibáñez A, Reiss AB, Custodio N, Agosta F. Editorial: Insights in Alzheimer's disease and related dementias: 2022. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1279870. [PMID: 37810616 PMCID: PMC10556743 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1279870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Agustín Ibáñez
- Latin American Brain Health Institute (BrainLat), Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago de Chile, Chile
- Cognitive Neuroscience Center (CNC), Universidad de San Andrés and CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Global Brain Health Institute (GBHI), University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, United States
- Trinity College Dublin (TCD), Dublin, Ireland
| | - Allison B Reiss
- Department of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, NYU Grossman Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, NY, United States
| | - Nilton Custodio
- Department of Neurology, Instituto Peruano de Neurociencias, Lima, Peru
- Unit of Diagnosis of Cognitive Impairment and Dementia Prevention, Instituto Peruano de Neurociencias, Lima, Peru
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Colombo B, Brem AK, Oosterman J. Editorial: Maintain that brain - protecting and boosting cognitive flexibility. Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 17:1279374. [PMID: 37771345 PMCID: PMC10523300 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1279374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Colombo
- Behavioral Neuroscience Lab, Champlain College, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Anna-Katharine Brem
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- University Hospital of Old Age Psychiatry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Joukje Oosterman
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
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Zientz J, Spence JS, Chung SSE, Nanda U, Chapman SB. Exploring how brain health strategy training informs the future of work. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1175652. [PMID: 37771803 PMCID: PMC10524270 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1175652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The workplace typically affords one of the longest periods for continued brain health growth. Brain health is defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as the promotion of optimal brain development, cognitive health, and well-being across the life course, which we expanded to also include connectedness to people and purpose. This work was motivated by prior work showing individuals, outside of an aggregate setting, benefitted from training as measured by significant performance gains on a holistic BrainHealth Index and its factors (i.e., clarity, connectedness, emotional balance). The current research was conducted during the changing remote work practices emerging post-pandemic to test whether a capacity-building training would be associated with significant gains on measures of brain health and components of burnout. The study also tested the influence of utilization of training modules and days in office for individuals to inform workplace practices. Methods We investigated whether 193 individuals across a firm's sites would improve on measures of brain health and burnout from micro-delivery of online tactical brain health strategies, combined with two individualized coaching sessions, and practical exercises related to work and personal life, over a six-month period. Brain health was measured using an evidenced-based measure (BrainHealth™ Index) with its components (clarity, connectedness, emotional balance) consistent with the WHO definition. Burnout was measured using the Maslach Burnout Inventory Human Services Survey. Days in office were determined by access to digital workplace applications from the firm's network. Regression analyses were used to assess relationships between change in BrainHealth factors and change in components of the Maslach Burnout Inventory. Results Results at posttest indicated that 75% of the individuals showed gains on a composite BrainHealth Index and across all three composite factors contributing to brain health. Benefits were directly tied to training utilization such that those who completed the core modules showed the greatest gains. The current results also found an association between gains on both the connectedness and emotional balance brain health factors and reduced on burnout components of occupational exhaustion and depersonalization towards one's workplace. We found that fewer days in the office were associated with greater gains in the clarity factor, but not for connectedness and emotional balance. Discussion These results support the value of a proactive, capacity-building training to benefit all employees to complement the more widespread limited offerings that address a smaller segment who need mental illness assistance programs. The future of work may be informed by corporate investment in focused efforts to boost collective brain capital through a human-centered, capacity-building approach. Efforts are underway to uncover the value of better brain health, i.e., Brainomics© - which includes economic, societal, and individual benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Zientz
- Center for BrainHealth, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Jeffrey S. Spence
- Center for BrainHealth, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, United States
| | | | | | - Sandra Bond Chapman
- Center for BrainHealth, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, United States
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Donofry SD, Stillman CM, Esteban-Cornejo I. Editorial: The role of the brain in health and disease across the lifespan. Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 17:1272772. [PMID: 37736147 PMCID: PMC10509280 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1272772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shannon D. Donofry
- RAND Corporation, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Chelsea M. Stillman
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Irene Esteban-Cornejo
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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