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Phillips K, Sanders J, Warren LE. UK student midwives' theoretical knowledge, confidence, and experience of intermittent auscultation of the fetal heart rate during labour: An online cross-sectional survey. Midwifery 2024; 132:103952. [PMID: 38442530 DOI: 10.1016/j.midw.2024.103952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to explore student midwives' theoretical knowledge of intrapartum intermittent auscultation, their confidence in, and their experience of this mode of fetal monitoring. DESIGN AND SETTING An online cross-section survey with closed and open questions. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse participants' intermittent auscultation knowledge, confidence, and experience. Reflexive thematic analysis was used to identify patterns within the free text about participants' experiences. PARTICIPANTS Undergraduate midwifery students (n = 303) from Nursing and Midwifery Council-approved educational institutions within the United Kingdom. FINDINGS Most participants demonstrated good theoretical knowledge. They had witnessed the technique being used in clinical practice, and when performed, the practice was reported to be in line with national guidance. In closed questions, participants reported feeling confident in their intermittent auscultation skills; however, these data contrasted with free-text responses. CONCLUSION This cross-sectional survey found that student midwives possess adequate knowledge of intermittent auscultation. However, reflecting individual clinical experiences, their confidence in their ability to perform intermittent auscultation varied. A lack of opportunity to practice intermittent auscultation, organisational culture, and midwives' preferences have caused student midwives to question their capabilities with this essential clinical skill, leaving some with doubt about their competency close to registration.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Phillips
- School of Healthcare Sciences, Cardiff University, Room 0.43, Ground Floor, Ty'r Wyddfa, Heath Park West, St. Agnes Road, Cardiff CF14 4US, United Kingdom.
| | - J Sanders
- School of Healthcare Sciences, Cardiff University, Room 0.43, Ground Floor, Ty'r Wyddfa, Heath Park West, St. Agnes Road, Cardiff CF14 4US, United Kingdom
| | - L E Warren
- School of Healthcare Sciences, Cardiff University, Room 0.43, Ground Floor, Ty'r Wyddfa, Heath Park West, St. Agnes Road, Cardiff CF14 4US, United Kingdom
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Phillips K, Callaghan B, Rajagopalan V, Akram F, Newburger JW, Kasparian NA. Neuroimaging and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes Among Individuals With Complex Congenital Heart Disease: JACC State-of-the-Art Review. J Am Coll Cardiol 2023; 82:2225-2245. [PMID: 38030353 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2023.09.824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Although neuroimaging advances have deepened our understanding of brain health in individuals with congenital heart disease (CHD), it is less clear how neuroimaging findings relate to neurodevelopmental and mental health outcomes across the lifespan. We systematically synthesized and critically evaluated evidence on associations between neuroimaging and neurodevelopmental, neurocognitive, psychiatric, or behavioral outcomes among individuals with transposition of great arteries or single-ventricle CHD (Protocol CRD42021229617). Six databases were searched and 45 papers from 25 unique studies were identified. Structural brain injury was generally linked to poorer neurodevelopment in infancy. Brain volumes and microstructural and functional brain changes appear linked to neurocognitive outcomes, including deficits in attention, learning, memory, and executive function in children and adolescents. Fetal neuroimaging studies were limited. Four papers investigated psychiatric outcomes; none found associations with neuroimaging. Multicenter, longitudinal studies incorporating functional neuroimaging and mental health outcomes are much-needed to inform early neuroprotective and therapeutic strategies in CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katelyn Phillips
- Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Bridget Callaghan
- Department of Psychology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Vidya Rajagopalan
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles and Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Farah Akram
- Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jane W Newburger
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nadine A Kasparian
- Heart and Mind Wellbeing Center, Heart Institute and the Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
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Welti R, Chinotti M, Walsh O, Arcus M, Asgari J, Phillips K, Wallace J, Do L, Moynihan P, Silva M. Oral health messages for Australia: A national consensus statement. Aust Dent J 2023; 68:247-254. [PMID: 37665214 DOI: 10.1111/adj.12973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral health promotion initiatives must be evidence-based and consistent with broader health messaging. The Oral Health Messages for the Australian Public were first produced in 2009 and sought to enable a focused, and strategic approach to oral health promotion in Australia. As the evidence base and needs of the Australian population have since changed, this consensus statement was updated in 2022-2023. METHODS The process of updating the messages consisted of 3 phases (preparatory phase, the Delphi technique, final revision phase). The preparatory phase included public and expert consultation, an umbrella review of published scientific literature and review of available recommendations, policies and guidelines. The Delphi technique used in this study was guided by Guidance on Conducting and REporting DElphi Studies (CREDES) and included 2 voting rounds. There were 70 experts in round 1 and 60 experts in round 2. Delphi participants comprised of experts from a variety of fields to ensure diversity and inclusion, balance expertise and maximize stakeholder representation. Consensus was defined as 75% agreement. RESULTS A total of 11 messages were included in the 2022 update of Oral Health Messages for Australia. CONCLUSION The updated oral health messages will support oral health promotion policy and activity at both individual and population level to improve the oral health of Australians.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Welti
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Inflammatory Origins, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - M Chinotti
- Australian Dental Association, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - O Walsh
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Inflammatory Origins, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - M Arcus
- Royal Australian College of General Practitioners, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - J Asgari
- Consumer Health Forum, Deakin, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - K Phillips
- Queensland Health, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - J Wallace
- University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
- University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - L Do
- University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - P Moynihan
- Adelaide Dental School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - M Silva
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Inflammatory Origins, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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Welti R, Chinotti M, Walsh O, Arcus M, Asgari J, Phillips K, Wallace J, Do L, Moynihan P, Silva M. Oral health messages for Australia: a national consensus statement. Aust Dent J 2023; 68:303-304. [PMID: 38009270 DOI: 10.1111/adj.13003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- R Welti
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Inflammatory Origins, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - M Chinotti
- Australian Dental Association, St Leonards, Sydney, Australia
| | - O Walsh
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Inflammatory Origins, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - M Arcus
- Royal Australian College of General Practitioners, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - J Asgari
- Consumer Health Forum, Deakin, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - K Phillips
- Queensland Health, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - J Wallace
- University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - L Do
- University of Queensland, Saint Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - P Moynihan
- Adelaide Dental School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - M Silva
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Inflammatory Origins, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Torkington J, Harries R, O'Connell S, Knight L, Islam S, Bashir N, Watkins A, Fegan G, Cornish J, Rees B, Cole H, Jarvis H, Jones S, Russell I, Bosanquet D, Cleves A, Sewell B, Farr A, Zbrzyzna N, Fiera N, Ellis-Owen R, Hilton Z, Parry C, Bradbury A, Wall P, Hill J, Winter D, Cocks K, Harris D, Hilton J, Vakis S, Hanratty D, Rajagopal R, Akbar F, Ben-Sassi A, Francis N, Jones L, Williamson M, Lindsey I, West R, Smart C, Ziprin P, Agarwal T, Faulkner G, Pinkney T, Vimalachandran D, Lawes D, Faiz O, Nisar P, Smart N, Wilson T, Myers A, Lund J, Smolarek S, Acheson A, Horwood J, Ansell J, Phillips S, Davies M, Davies L, Bird S, Palmer N, Williams M, Galanopoulos G, Rao PD, Jones D, Barnett R, Tate S, Wheat J, Patel N, Rahmani S, Toynton E, Smith L, Reeves N, Kealaher E, Williams G, Sekaran C, Evans M, Beynon J, Egan R, Qasem E, Khot U, Ather S, Mummigati P, Taylor G, Williamson J, Lim J, Powell A, Nageswaran H, Williams A, Padmanabhan J, Phillips K, Ford T, Edwards J, Varney N, Hicks L, Greenway C, Chesters K, Jones H, Blake P, Brown C, Roche L, Jones D, Feeney M, Shah P, Rutter C, McGrath C, Curtis N, Pippard L, Perry J, Allison J, Ockrim J, Dalton R, Allison A, Rendell J, Howard L, Beesley K, Dennison G, Burton J, Bowen G, Duberley S, Richards L, Giles J, Katebe J, Dalton S, Wood J, Courtney E, Hompes R, Poole A, Ward S, Wilkinson L, Hardstaff L, Bogden M, Al-Rashedy M, Fensom C, Lunt N, McCurrie M, Peacock R, Malik K, Burns H, Townley B, Hill P, Sadat M, Khan U, Wignall C, Murati D, Dhanaratne M, Quaid S, Gurram S, Smith D, Harris P, Pollard J, DiBenedetto G, Chadwick J, Hull R, Bach S, Morton D, Hollier K, Hardy V, Ghods M, Tyrrell D, Ashraf S, Glasbey J, Ashraf M, Garner S, Whitehouse A, Yeung D, Mohamed SN, Wilkin R, Suggett N, Lee C, Bagul A, McNeill C, Eardley N, Mahapatra R, Gabriel C, Datt P, Mahmud S, Daniels I, McDermott F, Nodolsk M, Park L, Scott H, Trickett J, Bearn P, Trivedi P, Frost V, Gray C, Croft M, Beral D, Osborne J, Pugh R, Herdman G, George R, Howell AM, Al-Shahaby S, Narendrakumar B, Mohsen Y, Ijaz S, Nasseri M, Herrod P, Brear T, Reilly JJ, Sohal A, Otieno C, Lai W, Coleman M, Platt E, Patrick A, Pitman C, Balasubramanya S, Dickson E, Warman R, Newton C, Tani S, Simpson J, Banerjee A, Siddika A, Campion D, Humes D, Randhawa N, Saunders J, Bharathan B, Hay O. Incisional hernia following colorectal cancer surgery according to suture technique: Hughes Abdominal Repair Randomized Trial (HART). Br J Surg 2022; 109:943-950. [PMID: 35979802 PMCID: PMC10364691 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znac198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Incisional hernias cause morbidity and may require further surgery. HART (Hughes Abdominal Repair Trial) assessed the effect of an alternative suture method on the incidence of incisional hernia following colorectal cancer surgery. METHODS A pragmatic multicentre single-blind RCT allocated patients undergoing midline incision for colorectal cancer to either Hughes closure (double far-near-near-far sutures of 1 nylon suture at 2-cm intervals along the fascia combined with conventional mass closure) or the surgeon's standard closure. The primary outcome was the incidence of incisional hernia at 1 year assessed by clinical examination. An intention-to-treat analysis was performed. RESULTS Between August 2014 and February 2018, 802 patients were randomized to either Hughes closure (401) or the standard mass closure group (401). At 1 year after surgery, 672 patients (83.7 per cent) were included in the primary outcome analysis; 50 of 339 patients (14.8 per cent) in the Hughes group and 57 of 333 (17.1 per cent) in the standard closure group had incisional hernia (OR 0.84, 95 per cent c.i. 0.55 to 1.27; P = 0.402). At 2 years, 78 patients (28.7 per cent) in the Hughes repair group and 84 (31.8 per cent) in the standard closure group had incisional hernia (OR 0.86, 0.59 to 1.25; P = 0.429). Adverse events were similar in the two groups, apart from the rate of surgical-site infection, which was higher in the Hughes group (13.2 versus 7.7 per cent; OR 1.82, 1.14 to 2.91; P = 0.011). CONCLUSION The incidence of incisional hernia after colorectal cancer surgery is high. There was no statistical difference in incidence between Hughes closure and mass closure at 1 or 2 years. REGISTRATION NUMBER ISRCTN25616490 (http://www.controlled-trials.com).
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Kottmaier M, Inaba O, Phillips K, Adsett M, Hayes J, Gkalapis C, Lengauer S, Clementy N, Bailey C, Kaneko S. Initial experience using a novel algorithm to calculate omnipolar electrograms using a high-density grid-style catheter. Europace 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/euac053.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Background/Introduction
A novel mapping algorithm recently became available in Europe and select countries in the Asia Pacific region. EnSite Omnipolar Technology (OT) utilizes the Advisor HD Grid Mapping Catheter, Sensor Enabled (HD Grid) to calculate electrograms in 360 degrees from two bipolar and three unipolar electrograms acquired from a triangular set of three electrodes. This software also enables calculation of wavefront characteristics including maximum voltage, activation direction and wave speed. Procedural characteristics and clinical utilization of this novel software have not yet been reported.
Purpose
To examine the clinical utility and procedural characteristics associated with the use of this novel mapping algorithm among participating centers.
Methods
Acute procedural data were prospectively collected in 386 cases at 52 centers utilizing the newly approved mapping software in the initial phases of commercialization in Europe and the Asia Pacific region. Procedural characteristics recorded included indication for mapping/ablation, navigation mode, mapping reference, and maps and tools used to diagnose/locate ablation targets.
Results
A total of 14 indications for mapping and ablation were represented including AF, atypical flutter, and VT (Table 1). VoXel (magnetic primary) navigation mode was used in most cases (n=325, 84%). The CS catheter was used as the map reference in 280 cases (73%). A variety of workflows were used with OT to diagnose and locate ablation targets including voltage maps (n=275, 71%), LAT maps (n=226, 59%), OT activation vectors (n=124, 32%), propagation maps (n=94, 24%), and sparkle maps (n=69, 18%); note: total exceeds 100%, multiple workflows per case observed. EnSite LiveView Dynamic Display (LiveView) was used in 129 cases (33%) to diagnose and locate ablation targets, including 28 (22%) where OT activation vectors were used with LiveView. Several benefits of OT were reported including rapid identification of ablation target(s) (n=133, 35%), higher point density (n=82, 21%), better signals (n=69, 18%), and improved procedure efficiency (n=48, 12%).
Conclusion(s)
Initial experience with this novel mapping software in Europe and the Asia-Pacific region illustrated utility in a variety of arrhythmias to diagnose and locate ablation targets. The use of OT provided several benefits including rapid identification of ablation targets and higher point density, however further examination of its impact on procedural efficiencies and acute outcomes is likely warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kottmaier
- German Heart Center of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - O Inaba
- Japanese Red Cross Saitama Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - K Phillips
- Greenslopes Private Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - M Adsett
- St Andrews War Memorial Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - J Hayes
- St Andrews War Memorial Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - S Lengauer
- German Heart Center of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - N Clementy
- University Hospital of Tours, Tours, France
| | - C Bailey
- Abbott, St. Paul, United States of America
| | - S Kaneko
- Toyota Kosei Hospital, Toyota, Japan
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Abe M, Tsunawaki S, Dejonckheere M, Cigolle CT, Phillips K, Rubinstein EB, Matsuda M, Fetters MD, Inoue M. Practices and perspectives of primary care physicians in Japan and the United States about diagnosing dementia: a qualitative study. BMC Geriatr 2021; 21:540. [PMID: 34635089 PMCID: PMC8503990 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-021-02457-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background While dementia is a common problem in Japan and the US, primary care physicians' practices and perspectives about diagnosing dementia in these different healthcare systems are unknown. Methods Qualitative research was conducted in an ethnographic tradition using semi-structured interviews and thematic analysis in primary care settings across Japan and in the Midwest State of Michigan, US. Participants were a total of 48 primary care physicians, 24 each from Japan and the US participated. Both groups contained a mixture of geographic areas (rural/urban), gender, age, and years of experience as primary care physicians. Results Participants in Japan and the US voiced similar practices for making the diagnosis of dementia and held similar views about the desired benefits of diagnosing dementia. Differences were found in attitudes about the appropriate timing of formally diagnosing dementia. Japanese physicians tended to make a formal diagnosis when problems that would benefit from long-term care services emerged for family members. US physicians were more proactive in diagnosing dementia in the early stages by screening for dementia in health check-ups and promoting advance directives when the patients were still capable of decision-making. Views about appropriate timing of diagnostic testing for dementia in the two systems reflect what medical or nursing care services physicians can use to support dementia patients and caregivers. Conclusions Benefits of making the diagnosis included the need to activate the long-term care services in Japan and for early intervention and authoring advance directives in the US. Testing to establish an early diagnosis of dementia by primary care physicians only partly relates to testing and treatment options available. Benefits of making the diagnosis included the need to activate the long-term care services in Japan and for early intervention and authoring advance directives in the US. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12877-021-02457-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Abe
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - S Tsunawaki
- Omaezaki Family Medicine Center, Shizuoka, Omaezaki, Japan.,Shizuoka Family Medicine Program, Shizuoka, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - M Dejonckheere
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Michigan, 1018 Fuller Street, Ann Arbor, MI, 48104, USA
| | - C T Cigolle
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Michigan, 1018 Fuller Street, Ann Arbor, MI, 48104, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System (VAAHS) Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - K Phillips
- VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System (VAAHS) Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - E B Rubinstein
- Department of Sociology and Anthropology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota, USA
| | - M Matsuda
- Shizuoka Family Medicine Program, Shizuoka, Hamamatsu, Japan.,Kikugawa Family Medicine Center, Shizuoka, Kikugawa, Japan
| | - M D Fetters
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Michigan, 1018 Fuller Street, Ann Arbor, MI, 48104, USA. .,The School of Health Humanities, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.
| | - M Inoue
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Hamamatsu, Japan
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Cameron LA, Phillips K, Melvin GA, Hastings RP, Gray KM. Psychological interventions for depression in children and young people with an intellectual disability and/or autism: systematic review. Br J Psychiatry 2021; 218:305-314. [PMID: 33198825 DOI: 10.1192/bjp.2020.226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children and young people with intellectual disability and/or Autism Spectrum Disorder (autism) experience higher rates of mental health problems, including depression, than their typically developing peers. Although international guidelines suggest psychological therapies as first-line intervention for children and young people, there is limited evidence for psychological therapy for depression in children and young people with intellectual disability and/or autism. AIMS To evaluate the current evidence base for psychological interventions for depression in children and young people with intellectual disability and/or autism, and examine the experiences of children and young people with intellectual disability and/or autism, their families and therapists, in receiving and delivering psychological treatment for depression. METHOD Databases were searched up to 30 April 2020 using pre-defined search terms and criteria. Articles were independently screened and assessed for risk of bias. Data were synthesised and reported in a narrative review format. RESULTS A total of 10 studies met the inclusion criteria. Four identified studies were clinical case reports and six were quasi-experimental or experimental studies. All studies were assessed as being of moderate or high risk of bias. Participants with intellectual disability were included in four studies. There was limited data on the experiences of young people, their families or therapists in receiving or delivering psychological treatment for depression. CONCLUSIONS Well-designed, randomised controlled trials are critical to develop an evidence base for psychological treatment for young people with intellectual disability and/or autism with depression. Future research should evaluate the treatment experiences of young people, their families and therapists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren A Cameron
- Centre for Developmental Psychiatry and Psychology, Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Australia
| | - Katelyn Phillips
- Centre for Developmental Psychiatry and Psychology, Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University; and Discipline of Paediatrics, School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales Medicine, The University of New South Wales, Australia
| | - Glenn A Melvin
- School of Psychology, Deakin University, Australia; and Centre for Education, Appraisal and Research, University of Warwick, UK
| | - Richard P Hastings
- Centre for Education, Appraisal and Research, University of Warwick, UK; and Centre for Developmental Psychiatry and Psychology, Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Australia
| | - Kylie M Gray
- Centre for Education, Appraisal and Research, University of Warwick, UK; and Centre for Developmental Psychiatry and Psychology, Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Australia
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James S, Tyrrell-Price J, Atkinson C, Hunt L, Searle A, Phillips K, Penfold C, Carter J, Ness A. Evaluation of urinary chloride dipsticks for the rapid estimation of hydration status in patients receiving artificial nutrition: Feasibility study. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2021; 42:339-347. [PMID: 33745603 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The home parenteral nutrition (HPN) population face many challenges, especially with respect to fluid balance management. A low urinary sodium concentration of <20 mmol/L is commonly used as an indicator of dehydration that requires clinical assessment in these patients. The Quantab titrator dipstick measures chloride concentration of a solution and correlates with sodium concentration. We assessed whether it would be feasible to use the Quantab dipstick in the HPN population and explored relationships between Quantab dipstick estimated chloride concentration and quality of life (QOL). METHODS Patients on HPN were asked to collect urine samples at 5 specific times points (day 0,7,14, 21 and 28) to send to the laboratory for formal electrolyte analysis. The participant and a member of laboratory staff tested these samples with the Quantab dipstick to estimate urinary chloride concentration. Participants were instructed to complete a QOL questionnaire at each of the 5 time-points in addition to a baseline demographic questionnaire and an end-of-study questionnaire. Six participants completed an interview at the end of the study period. The relationship between participant-derived and laboratory-derived data was assessed using rank correlation coefficients. QOL assessment was correlated with urine dipstick measurements. RESULTS 10 patients on HPN completed the study. Data on chloride concentration as estimated by the dipstick (assessed by participants and by the laboratory) and sodium concentration from the laboratory were available for 47 urine samples. There was a positive relationship between participant dipstick estimated chloride concentration and laboratory sodium (Kendall's τ = 0.45; P < 0.001; Spearman's rs = 0.58 P < 0.001; 47 pairs). There was a strong correlation between chloride concentrations estimated by dipstick in the laboratory and by participants (Kendall 0.58 p < 0.001, Spearman's 0.69 p < 0.001; 47 pairs). In exploratory analyses, there was no relationship between QOL and dipstick estimated chloride concentration. Participants had no issues collecting urine samples but some difficulties were reported with determining the dipstick reading. CONCLUSIONS Patients on HPN are able to collect urine specimens, complete QOL questionnaires, and are capable of using the Quantab dipstick to estimate urinary chloride concentration. The Quantab dipstick correlates with laboratory measured sodium and chloride concentrations. Further work is required to fully establish whether this point-of-care test could be used to guide fluid balance management in the HPN population.
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Affiliation(s)
- S James
- Department of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK.
| | - J Tyrrell-Price
- Department of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - C Atkinson
- National Institute for Health Research Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, UK
| | - L Hunt
- National Institute for Health Research Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, UK
| | - A Searle
- National Institute for Health Research Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, UK
| | - K Phillips
- Department of Biochemistry, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - C Penfold
- National Institute for Health Research Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, UK
| | - J Carter
- Department of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - A Ness
- National Institute for Health Research Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, UK
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Cunningham TK, Draper H, Bexhell H, Allgar V, Allen J, Mikl D, Phillips K. A double-blinded randomised controlled study to investigate the effect of intraperitoneal levobupivacaine on post laparoscopic pain. Facts Views Vis Obgyn 2020; 12:155-161. [PMID: 33123690 PMCID: PMC7580260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Laparoscopic surgery is the cornerstone of modern gynaecological surgery, with shorter hospital stays and a quicker return to normal activities. However postoperative pain remains problematic. No strategy to reduce phrenic nerve irritation, including heating or humidifying the insufflating gas, alternatives to CO2, and intraperitoneal analgesics, has shown superiority. METHODS 100 women undergoing laparoscopic surgery were randomly allocated, having either 40ml of 0.25% levobupivacaine or 40ml 0.9% sodium chloride solution administered into the peritoneal cavity following surgery. The patients and the main researcher were blinded. All women received standardised anaesthetic and laparoscopic technique, and postoperative pain control including nursing position and nature of analgesia. Postoperative pain was assessed 3 hours, 8 hours, day 1 and day 4/5 postoperatively. RESULTS 100 patients were recruited undergoing surgery for benign causes aged 19-73(mean 40.3±13). There was no difference between the groups for age(p=0.64) or length of operation(p=0.56). There were no adverse events related to use of intraperitoneal instillation. There was a significant reduction in shoulder-tip pain scores in the levobupivacaine group at 3 hours(p=0.04). Furthermore, there was a significant reduction in wound-pain scores in the levobupivacaine group at 8hrs(p=0.04) and at day 4(p=0.04). No difference was found in pelvic pain between the two groups. No significant difference was found in the use of post-operative analgesia. CONCLUSIONS Intraperitoneal instillation of 40ml of levobupivacaine has some benefit in reducing postoperative pain and need for analgesia in the initial hours following gynaecological surgery. However, further well-designed randomised control trials are required to decide the optimum route and concentration of administering local anaesthetic.
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Affiliation(s)
- TK Cunningham
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Hull University Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull, United Kingdom, HU32JZ
| | - H Draper
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Hull University Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull, United Kingdom, HU32JZ
| | - H Bexhell
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Hull University Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull, United Kingdom, HU32JZ
| | - V Allgar
- Centre for Health and Population Sciences, Hull York Medical School, Hull, United Kingdom, HU6 7RX
| | - J Allen
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Hull University Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull, United Kingdom, HU32JZ
| | - D Mikl
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Hull University Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull, United Kingdom, HU32JZ
| | - K Phillips
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Hull University Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull, United Kingdom, HU32JZ
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Bhambra R, Pascoe M, Kominsky A, Mehra R, Aylor J, Wang L, Phillips K, Waters T, Walia HK. 0687 Comparative Changes Of Patient Reported Outcomes In Positive Airway Pressure And Upper Airway Stimulation For Obstructive Sleep Apnea. Sleep 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Upper Airway Stimulation (UAS) is increasingly being used for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) treatment, however, data comparing changes in patient reported outcomes (PROs) in response to positive airway pressure (PAP) versus UAS are limited. We hypothesize that there will be no difference in PROs between the two groups after treatment.
Methods
UAS and PAP groups were 1:3 matched on age, sex, Body Mass Index (BMI) and Apnea Hypopnea Index (AHI, category 15-30, >30). Linear mixed models assessed the difference of change in Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Functional Outcomes of Sleep Questionnaire (FOSQ), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ9) and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) measures on matched strata of UAS versus PAP groups with adjustment of baseline and matching factors. All analysis was performed in SAS software (version 9.4, Cary, NC).
Results
The analytic sample comprised 193 PAP patients and 69 UAS patients, with mean age=62.9+/-9.4 years, 27.5% female, mean BMI=29.1+/-3.2kg/m2, and median AHI 42.7, IQR: 31.5, 57.2. ESS in PAP (n=190) reduced by -2.63 (-3.38,-1.88) and in UAS (n=56) reduced by -2.22 (-3.34, -1.10), with a mean difference of 0.41 (-0.70, 1.52, p=.46). FOSQ in PAP (n=188) showed a change of 1.38 (0.99, 1.78) and in UAS (n=49) a change of 1.82 (1.17, 2.46), with a mean difference of 0.43 (-0.23, 1.09, p=.19). PHQ9 in PAP (n=185) showed a significant change of -2.24(-3.00, 1.47) and in UAS (n=45) a change of -3.75(-5.07,-2.42), with a mean difference of -1.51(-2.93,-0.088, p=.038). ISI in PAP (n=193) showed a significant change of -3.20(-4.39,-2.02) and in UAS (n=47) a change of -4.83(-6.77,-2.90), with a mean difference of -1.63(-3.62, 0.37, p=.11).
Conclusion
Similar improvements in PROs were observed in both UAS and PAP patient groups, however UAS appeared to confer greater benefit in depressive symptoms relative to PAP. Randomized clinical trials should be designed to confirm these findings.
Support
N/A
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Affiliation(s)
- R Bhambra
- Sleep Disorders Center, Cleveland, OH
| | - M Pascoe
- Sleep Disorders Center, Cleveland, OH
| | - A Kominsky
- Department of Otolaryngology, Cleveland, OH
| | - R Mehra
- Sleep Disorders Center, Cleveland, OH
| | - J Aylor
- Sleep Disorders Center, Cleveland, OH
| | - L Wang
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland, OH
| | | | - T Waters
- Sleep Disorders Center, Cleveland, OH
| | - H K Walia
- Sleep Disorders Center, Cleveland, OH
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Harland BF, Oberleas D, Ellis R, Gelroth J, Gordon D, Phillips K, Ranhotra G, Shah BG, Stoecker B, Trick KD, Zymonas J. Anion-Exchange Method for Determination of Phytate in Foods: Collaborative Study. J AOAC Int 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/69.4.667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Phytate, a naturally occurring organic compound found in plant seeds, roots, and tubers, was determined in a collaborative study using a modified anion-exchange method. Seven samples (peanut flour, oats, rice, isolated soybean protein, a vegetarian diet composite, wheat bran, and whole wheat bread), supplied as blind duplicate samples, were analyzed in triplicate by 7 collaborators. Phytate concentrations in the samples ranged from 2.38 to 46.70 mg/g. Relative standard deviations (RSD = CV) for repeatability ranged from 2.5 to 10.1%, and for reproducibility, from 4.5 to 11.0%. The method has been adopted official first action.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Donald Oberleas
- Howard University, School of Human Ecology, Washington, DC 20059
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He W, Ali F, O'Shea K, Phillips K, Thomas S, Priestley M, Singleton A, McIntyre D, Chow C, Thiagalingam A. 752 Text Messages Targeting Smoking Cessation in Surgical Patients: Comparing Clinician and Consumer Review. Heart Lung Circ 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2020.09.759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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14
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Nomidis SK, Caraglio M, Laleman M, Phillips K, Skoruppa E, Carlon E. Twist-bend coupling, twist waves, and the shape of DNA loops. Phys Rev E 2019; 100:022402. [PMID: 31574750 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.100.022402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
By combining analytical and numerical calculations, we investigate the minimal-energy shape of short DNA loops of approximately 100 base pairs (bp). We show that in these loops the excess twist density oscillates as a response to an imposed bending stress, as recently found in DNA minicircles and observed in nucleosomal DNA. These twist oscillations, here referred to as twist waves, are due to the coupling between twist and bending deformations, which in turn originates from the asymmetry between DNA major and minor grooves. We introduce a simple analytical variational shape that reproduces the exact loop energy up to the fourth significant digit and is in very good agreement with shapes obtained from coarse-grained simulations. We, finally, analyze the loop dynamics at room temperature, and show that the twist waves are robust against thermal fluctuations. They perform a normal diffusive motion, whose origin is briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Nomidis
- Laboratory for Soft Matter and Biophysics, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, B-2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - M Caraglio
- Laboratory for Soft Matter and Biophysics, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 21A, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - M Laleman
- Laboratory for Soft Matter and Biophysics, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - K Phillips
- Laboratory for Soft Matter and Biophysics, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - E Skoruppa
- Laboratory for Soft Matter and Biophysics, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - E Carlon
- Laboratory for Soft Matter and Biophysics, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
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15
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He W, Thiagalingam A, Ali F, O'Shea K, Phillips K, McIntyre D, Singleton A, Priestley M, Thomas S, Chow C. Development of Mobile Phone Text Messages Targeting Smoking Cessation in Surgical Patients. Heart Lung Circ 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2019.06.534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the current study was to establish the reliability and validity of one of the most used schema questionnaires, Young Schema Questionnaire Short Form Version 3 (YSQ-S3) in older adults. METHOD 104 participants aged 60-84 years were recruited. They were administered a battery of questionnaires, including the YSQ-S3, Young-Atkinson Mode Inventory (YAMI), Germans (Personality) Screener, the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), The Geriatric Anxiety Inventory (GAI) and the Basic Psychological Needs Scale (BPNS). The YSQ-S3 was completed a second time by 83 participants a median of 12 days later. RESULTS Satisfactory internal consistency reliability was found for 13 of the 18 early maladaptive schemas (EMS) of the YSQ-S3. Test-retest reliability was satisfactory for 17 of 18 EMS. Convergent validity was evident from significant correlations between the EMS of the YSQ-S3 and the vulnerable child and angry child schema modes from the YAMI. Congruent validity was evident from correlations of the majority of the EMS with the GDS, the GAI, German's (Personality) Screener and the BPNS measure. CONCLUSIONS By and large the YSQ-S3 demonstrates internal and test re-test reliability in as well as congruent and convergent validity, in older adults. This suggests the YSQ-S3 may be of use in work establishing the utility of schema therapy in this population, and that schema therapy with older people warrants further exploration. Notwithstanding this some re-development of some EMS items appears to be required for the YSQ-S3 to be more relevant to older people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katelyn Phillips
- a Discipline of Clinical Psychology, Graduate School of Health , University of Technology Sydney , Ultimo , Australia.,b Centre For Developmental Psychiatry and Psychology , Monash University , Melbourne , Australia
| | - Robert Brockman
- c Institute For Positive Psychology and Education , Australian Catholic University , Strathfield , Australia
| | - Phoebe E Bailey
- d School of Social Sciences and Psychology , Western Sydney University , Penrith , Australia
| | - Ian I Kneebone
- a Discipline of Clinical Psychology, Graduate School of Health , University of Technology Sydney , Ultimo , Australia
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Phillips K. COMMUNITY CONNECTIONS: LINKING AFFORDABLE HOUSING AND ACADEMIA. Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy023.3006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- K Phillips
- Community Impact Strategies, Washington DC, Washington, United States
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18
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Eccleston D, Swale M, Phillips K, Tan I, Young G. Is there an Outcome Hazard for Elderly Australians After Device Implantation: Observations from the GenesisCare Cardiovascular Outcomes Registry (GCOR). Heart Lung Circ 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2018.06.291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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19
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Boyle RJ, Umasunthar T, Smith JG, Hanna H, Procktor A, Phillips K, Pinto C, Gore C, Cox HE, Warner JO, Vickers B, Hodes M. A brief psychological intervention for mothers of children with food allergy can change risk perception and reduce anxiety: Outcomes of a randomized controlled trial. Clin Exp Allergy 2017; 47:1309-1317. [DOI: 10.1111/cea.12981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Revised: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. J. Boyle
- Section of Paediatrics; Imperial College London; London UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust; London UK
| | - T. Umasunthar
- Section of Paediatrics; Imperial College London; London UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust; London UK
| | - J. G. Smith
- Population Health Research Institute; St. George's, University of London; London UK
| | - H. Hanna
- Section of Paediatrics; Imperial College London; London UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust; London UK
| | - A. Procktor
- Section of Paediatrics; Imperial College London; London UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust; London UK
| | - K. Phillips
- Section of Paediatrics; Imperial College London; London UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust; London UK
| | - C. Pinto
- Section of Paediatrics; Imperial College London; London UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust; London UK
| | - C. Gore
- Section of Paediatrics; Imperial College London; London UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust; London UK
| | - H. E. Cox
- Section of Paediatrics; Imperial College London; London UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust; London UK
| | - J. O. Warner
- Section of Paediatrics; Imperial College London; London UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust; London UK
| | - B. Vickers
- Adolescent Assertive Outreach Team; South West London and St Georges’ Mental Health NHS Trust; London UK
| | - M. Hodes
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust; London UK
- Centre for Mental Health; Imperial College London; London UK
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20
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Phillips K, Priest V, McBride P, Simmonds M, Mudge M. Indirect Comparison of Left Atrial Appendage Closure (LAAC) Versus Aspirin and Best Supportive Care (BSC) in Patients with Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation (NVAF). Heart Lung Circ 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2017.06.585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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21
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Phillips K, Santoso T, Sanders P, Alison J, Chan JLK, Pak H, Chandavimol M, Ghamdi MAL, Stein K, Shanker A, Omar R. Percutaneous Left Atrial Appendage Closure with the WATCHMAN Device: 12 Month Outcomes from the WASP Asia-Pacific Registry. Heart Lung Circ 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2017.06.330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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22
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Madsen MD, Hulet A, Phillips K, Staley JL, Davies KW, Svejcar TJ. Extruded seed pellets: a novel approach for enhancing sagebrush seedling emergence. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.3368/npj.17.3.230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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23
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Phillips K, Hersch J, Turner R, Jansen J, McCaffery K. The influence of the 'cancer effect' on young women's responses to overdiagnosis in cervical screening. Patient Educ Couns 2016; 99:1568-1575. [PMID: 27133918 DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2016.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Revised: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the 'cancer effect' (higher risk perceptions and negative emotion in cancer-related contexts) on young women's responses to overdiagnosis (identification and treatment of inconsequential disease) in cervical cancer screening. METHODS In a randomised experimental study, 168 women aged 17-24 read 1 of 4 texts outlining benefits and harms of cervical cancer screening or a fictitious non-cancer screening test; each presented with or without overdiagnosis information. Screening intentions and psychosocial outcomes were measured (T1). Overdiagnosis information was then presented to participants who did not receive it initially and intentions reassessed (T2). RESULTS Mean screening intentions were not significantly different across groups. The distribution of intentions for cancer vs non-cancer screening differed significantly. Cancer information led to more extreme responses. Participants receiving overdiagnosis information at T2 reduced their screening intentions significantly. Perceived risk of disease was lower when overdiagnosis information was presented (non-cancer condition only). Higher negative emotion predicted higher screening intentions (cancer condition only). CONCLUSIONS This pattern of results suggests that a 'cancer effect' may be present among young women given identical information about cancer and non-cancer screening. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS The 'cancer effect' may contribute to community eagerness for cancer screening despite provision of information about harms like overdiagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jolyn Hersch
- Screening & Test Evaluation Program (STEP) and Centre for Medical Psychology & Evidence-based Decision-making (CeMPED), School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Robin Turner
- Screening & Test Evaluation Program (STEP), School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia and School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jesse Jansen
- Screening & Test Evaluation Program (STEP) and Centre for Medical Psychology & Evidence-based Decision-making (CeMPED), School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Kirsten McCaffery
- Screening & Test Evaluation Program (STEP) and Centre for Medical Psychology & Evidence-based Decision-making (CeMPED), School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
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Phillips K, Carter E. Assessment of Chronic Watchman Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion by Cardiac Computed Tomography Angiography. Heart Lung Circ 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2016.06.501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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25
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Dedini K, Phillips K, Arumugam D, Rehmani A, Pavia S, Scalia G. Bi-Ventricular Pacing Upgrade Dramatically Increases Ejection Fraction and Functional Status Despite no Significant Decrease in Qrs Duration. Heart Lung Circ 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2016.06.296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Grayson P, Carmona-Rivera C, Graf J, Irizarry-Caro J, Phillips K, Preston K, Purmalek M, Subramaniam V, Thompson P, Waldman M, Kaplan M. OP0054 Neuroimmunomodulation of Neutrophils as A Novel Mechanism of Levamisole-Induced Vasculitis. Ann Rheum Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-eular.2963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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27
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Halasa R, Brown A, Ong C, Beckett R, Shah S, Patel D, Phillips K, McNinch D, Jones J. 337 Then and Now: Psychosocial Emergencies in the Elderly. Ann Emerg Med 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.07.373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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28
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Umasunthar T, Procktor A, Hodes M, Smith JG, Gore C, Cox HE, Marrs T, Hanna H, Phillips K, Pinto C, Turner PJ, Warner JO, Boyle RJ. Patients' ability to treat anaphylaxis using adrenaline autoinjectors: a randomized controlled trial. Allergy 2015; 70:855-63. [PMID: 25850463 PMCID: PMC4654245 DOI: 10.1111/all.12628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Background Previous work has shown patients commonly misuse adrenaline autoinjectors (AAI). It is unclear whether this is due to inadequate training, or poor device design. We undertook a prospective randomized controlled trial to evaluate ability to administer adrenaline using different AAI devices. Methods We allocated mothers of food‐allergic children prescribed an AAI for the first time to Anapen or EpiPen using a computer‐generated randomization list, with optimal training according to manufacturer's instructions. After one year, participants were randomly allocated a new device (EpiPen, Anapen, new EpiPen, JEXT or Auvi‐Q), without device‐specific training. We assessed ability to deliver adrenaline using their AAI in a simulated anaphylaxis scenario six weeks and one year after initial training, and following device switch. Primary outcome was successful adrenaline administration at six weeks, assessed by an independent expert. Secondary outcomes were success at one year, success after switching device, and adverse events. Results We randomized 158 participants. At six weeks, 30 of 71 (42%) participants allocated to Anapen and 31 of 73 (43%) participants allocated to EpiPen were successful – RR 1.00 (95% CI 0.68–1.46). Success rates at one year were also similar, but digital injection was more common at one year with EpiPen (8/59, 14%) than Anapen (0/51, 0%, P = 0.007). When switched to a new device without specific training, success rates were higher with Auvi‐Q (26/28, 93%) than other devices (39/80, 49%; P < 0.001). Conclusions AAI device design is a major determinant of successful adrenaline administration. Success rates were low with several devices, but were high using the audio‐prompt device Auvi‐Q.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Umasunthar
- Section of Paediatrics Imperial College LondonLondon UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust St. Mary's HospitalLondon UK
| | - A. Procktor
- Section of Paediatrics Imperial College LondonLondon UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust St. Mary's HospitalLondon UK
| | - M. Hodes
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust St. Mary's HospitalLondon UK
- Academic Unit of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Imperial College LondonLondon UK
| | - J. G. Smith
- Population Health Research Institute St. George's, University of LondonLondon UK
| | - C. Gore
- Section of Paediatrics Imperial College LondonLondon UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust St. Mary's HospitalLondon UK
| | - H. E. Cox
- Section of Paediatrics Imperial College LondonLondon UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust St. Mary's HospitalLondon UK
| | - T. Marrs
- Department of Paediatric Allergy Division of Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology King's College London London UK
| | - H. Hanna
- Section of Paediatrics Imperial College LondonLondon UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust St. Mary's HospitalLondon UK
| | - K. Phillips
- Section of Paediatrics Imperial College LondonLondon UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust St. Mary's HospitalLondon UK
| | - C. Pinto
- Section of Paediatrics Imperial College LondonLondon UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust St. Mary's HospitalLondon UK
| | - P. J. Turner
- Section of Paediatrics Imperial College LondonLondon UK
| | - J. O. Warner
- Section of Paediatrics Imperial College LondonLondon UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust St. Mary's HospitalLondon UK
| | - R. J. Boyle
- Section of Paediatrics Imperial College LondonLondon UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust St. Mary's HospitalLondon UK
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Devos H, Baker K, Phillips K, Akinwuntan A. Improvement of driving skills in persons with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Physiotherapy 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physio.2015.03.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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30
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Nagaraja V, Fox D, Francis S, Khanna P, Laing T, Marks R, Monrad S, Ognenovski V, Phillips K, Singer O, Khanna D. SAT0102 Interpretation of Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS®) by Rheumatologists. Ann Rheum Dis 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.2626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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31
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Kelly MJ, Kinnersley P, Phillips K, Savage K, Farrell E, Morgan B, Whistance R, Lewis V, Mann M, Stephens BL, Blazeby J, Elwyn GJ, Edwards AGK. PP34 Interventions to Promote Informed Consent for Invasive Healthcare Procedures: A Cochrane Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Br J Soc Med 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/jech-2013-203126.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Saketkoo L, Khanna D, Huscher D, Dellaripa P, Flaherty K, Matteson E, Oddis C, Wells A, Denton C, Distler O, Kowal-Bielecka O, Sandorfi N, Christmann R, Phillips K, Pittrow D, Strand V, Brown K, Seibold J. OP0001 Developing a disease activity and therapeutic response index in connective tissue disease - interstitial lung disease (CTD-ILD): Results from a delphi exercise: Consensus on domains. Ann Rheum Dis 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2012-eular.1684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Peredo RA, Impens A, Phillips K. FRI0307 Vitamin d (VD) levels are associated with inflammation in minor salivary glands (MSG) and westergren sedimentation rate (W-ESR) in patients with sjögren’s syndrome. Ann Rheum Dis 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-eular.1434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Peredo R, Impens A, Phillips K. OP0148 Peripheral Neuropathy (PN) in Primary Sjögren’s Syndrome: Implications of Clinical Assessment, Time of Diagnosis and Treatment. Ann Rheum Dis 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-eular.353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Dalmia S, Sivakumar K, Kathirvel R, Phillips K, Coady AM. Twin pregnancy with a complete hydatidiform mole and co-existent healthy fetus: unusual case of complete resorption of molar pregnancy. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2013; 33:312-3. [PMID: 23550870 DOI: 10.3109/01443615.2012.761187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Dalmia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Women and Children's Hospital, UK.
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Phillips K, Walker D. Observations of Electrical Coupling Interval Using the Contact™ System during Pulmonary Vein Electrical Isolation Procedures. Heart Lung Circ 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2013.05.276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Abstract
Dexmedetomidine (DMET) is a useful agent for sedation, both alone and in combination with other agents, in critically ill patients, including those on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) therapy. The drug is a clonidine-like derivative with an 8-fold greater specificity for the alpha 2-receptor while maintaining respiratory and cardiovascular stability. An in vitro ECMO circuit was used to study the effects of both “new” and “old” membrane oxygenators on the clearance of dexmedetomidine over the course of 24 hours. Once primed, the circuit was dosed with 840 μg of dexmedetomidine for a final concentration of 0.9 μg/ml. Serial samples, both pre- and post-oxygenator, were taken at 5, 60, 360, and 1440 minutes. Concentrations of the drug were expressed as a percentage of the original concentration remaining at each time point, both for new and old circuits. The new circuits were run at a standard flow for 24 hours, after which time the circuit was considered old and re-dosed with dexmedetomidine and the trial repeated. Results show that dexmedetomidine losses occur early in the circuits and then continue to decline. Initial losses in the first hour were 11+-65% and 59-73% pre- and post-oxygenator in the new circuit and 36-50% and 42-72% in the old circuit. The clearance of the drug through the membrane oxygenator exhibits no statistical difference between pre and post or new and old circuits. Dexmedetomidine can be expected to exhibit concentration changes during ECMO therapy. This effect appears to be more related to adsorption to the polyvinyl chloride (PVC) tubing rather than the membrane oxygenator. Dosage adjustments during dexmedetomidine administration during ECMO therapy may be warranted in order to maintain adequate serum concentrations and, hence, the desired degree of sedation.*(Lack of equilibrium)
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Affiliation(s)
- D Wagner
- Pharmacy/Anesthesiology, University of Michigan Hospitals and Health Systems, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - D Pasko
- C&W Administration, University of Michigan Hospitals and Health Centers, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - K Phillips
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - J Waldvogel
- Extracorporeal Life Support, University of Michigan Hospitals and Health Centers, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - G Annich
- Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, University of Michigan Hospitals and Health Centers, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Stott AW, Vosough Ahmadi B, Dwyer CM, Kupiec B, Morgan-Davies C, Milne CE, Ringrose S, Goddard P, Phillips K, Waterhouse A. Interactions between profit and welfare on extensive sheep farms. Anim Welf 2012. [DOI: 10.7120/096272812x13345905673683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Walker D, Townsend S, Phillips K. Long Term Outcome Following Catheter Ablation for Longstanding Persistent Atrial Fibrillation: Single Centre Experience. Heart Lung Circ 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2012.05.326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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MacInnis R, Dite G, Bickerstaffe A, Dowty J, Aujard K, Apicella C, Phillips K, Weideman P, Hopper J. Validation study of risk prediction models for female relatives of Australian women with breast cancer. Hered Cancer Clin Pract 2012. [PMCID: PMC3326748 DOI: 10.1186/1897-4287-10-s2-a66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Humphries J, Phillips K. First Two Years Experience and Clinical Outcomes after Watchman® Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion Procedure: Case Series in a Single Centre. Heart Lung Circ 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2012.05.311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Li JJ, Healey S, Phillips K, Makunin I, Wayte N, Schrader I, Worthley D, Lindor N, Huntsman D, Goldgar D, Suthers G, Chenevix-Trench G. The challenges of finding the gene responsible for a rare, autosomal dominant gastric cancer susceptibility syndrome. Hered Cancer Clin Pract 2012. [PMCID: PMC3327097 DOI: 10.1186/1897-4287-10-s2-a71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Lee K, Lillehoj H, Jang S, Li G, Bautista D, Phillips K, Ritter D, Lillehoj E, Siragusa G. Effects of coccidiosis control programs on antibody levels against selected pathogens and serum nitric oxide levels in broiler chickens. J APPL POULTRY RES 2011. [DOI: 10.3382/japr.2010-00218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Kiely BE, Phillips K, Francis PA, Boyle FM, Forbes JF, Fox SB, Murphy L, Gebski V, Lindsay DF, Sutherland RL, Badger H. ANZ1001 SORBET: Study of Oestrogen Receptor Beta and Efficacy of Tamoxifen—A single-arm, phase II study of the efficacy of tamoxifen in triple-negative but estrogen receptor beta-positive metastatic breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.tps126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Harvey S, Milne RL, Birch KE, Weideman P, McLachlan S, Friedlander M, Goldgar D, Hopper JL, Phillips K. Prospective study of breast cancer risk in mutation-negative women from BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation-positive families in the Kathleen Cuningham Foundation Consortium for Research into Familial Breast Cancer (kConFab). J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.1516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Phillips K, Milne RL, Rookus MA, Goldgar D, Friedlander M, McLachlan S, Buys SS, Antoniou AC, Birch KE, Terry MB, Easton D, Weideman P, Daly MB, Andrieu N, John EM, Hooning M, Andrulis IL, Caldes T, Olsson H, Hopper JL. Tamoxifen and risk of contralateral breast cancer for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers: A combined analysis from the Kathleen Cuningham Foundation Consortium for Research into Familial Breast Cancer (kConFab), the International BRCA1 and BRCA2Carrier Cohort Study (IBCCS), and the Breast Cancer Family Registry (BCFR). J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.1500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Phillips K, Walker D, Humphries J. Combined Catheter Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation and Watchman® Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion Procedure: A Case Series. Heart Lung Circ 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2011.05.227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Smith SJ, Phillips K. The safety centre - product, education, location. Inj Prev 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/ip.2010.029215.854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Ribi K, Aldridge J, Phillips K, Sun Z, Thompson AM, Harvey VJ, Thürlimann B, Cardoso F, Coates AS, Bernhard J. Changes in cognitive function in postmenopausal women 1 year after completing adjuvant letrozole or tamoxifen in the Breast International Group (BIG) 1-98 trial. J Clin Oncol 2010. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2010.28.15_suppl.527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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