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Chavan SN, Tumpa FH, Khokon MAR, Kyndt T. Potential of Exogenous Treatment with Dehydroascorbate to Control Root-knot Nematode Infection in Rice. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 16:29. [PMID: 37380881 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-023-00644-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Induced resistance (IR) is a unique physiological state characterized by reduced plant susceptibility to (a)biotic stress. Our previous studies showed that exogenous foliar application of dehydroascorbate (DHA), the oxidized form of ascorbic acid, induces systemic resistance against root-knot nematode Meloidogyne graminicola in rice. In the present study, the potential of DHA in protecting rice plants against M. graminicola was evaluated in lab, pot, and field studies. In an experiment where the interval between foliar treatment and inoculation was varied, 20 mM DHA was found to protect rice plants from M. graminicola for at least 14 days. Pot and field studies confirmed that 10 or 20 mM DHA are highly effective in reducing gall formation and led to a significant increase in rice seed yield. A half dose of DHA (10 mM) combined with another IR-stimulus - piperonylic acid (PA) 300 µM - was at par with DHA 20 mM, leading to reductions in gall formation of more than 80%. In in vitro bioassays, DHA was found to be highly nematicidal to the second-stage juveniles of M. graminicola, with more than 90% mortality within 3 h of exposure to 10 or 20 mM concentrations. While seed treatment had no effect, root drenching or root dipping was also effective in reducing rice susceptibility to M. graminicola, next to foliar treatment. As a dual-action compound with extended protection and ease of application, DHA has great potential for effective nematode management in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satish Namdeo Chavan
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Proeftuinstraat 86 N1, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, 500030, India
| | - Farzana Haque Tumpa
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Proeftuinstraat 86 N1, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Md Atiqur Rahman Khokon
- Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Tina Kyndt
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Proeftuinstraat 86 N1, Ghent, 9000, Belgium.
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Sajid M, Shah ST, Basit A, Ahmed A, Ullah I, Jawad Shah S, Khan F, Mohamed HI. Enhancement of Yield, Essential Oils, and Active Ingredients of Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) by Application of Organic Manures (Farmyard and Poultry Manure). GESUNDE PFLANZEN 2023; 75:525-538. [DOI: 10.1007/s10343-022-00717-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
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Shah ST, Basit A, Mohamed HI, Ullah I, Sajid M, Sohrab A. Der Einsatz von Mulchen bei verschiedenen Bodenbearbeitungsbedingungen reduziert den Ausstoß von Treibhausgasen – ein Überblick. GESUNDE PFLANZEN 2023; 75:455-477. [DOI: 10.1007/s10343-022-00719-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
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Alnefaie RM, EL-Sayed SA, Ramadan AA, Elmezien AI, El-Taher AM, Randhir TO, Bondok A. Physiological and Anatomical Responses of Faba Bean Plants Infected with Chocolate Spot Disease to Chemical Inducers. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13020392. [PMID: 36836749 PMCID: PMC9963110 DOI: 10.3390/life13020392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant diseases are biotic stresses that restrict crop plants' ability to develop and produce. Numerous foliar diseases, such as chocolate spots, can cause significant production losses in Vicia faba plants. Certain chemical inducers, including salicylic acid (SA), oxalic acid (OA), nicotinic acid (NA), and benzoic acid (BA), were used in this study to assess efficacy in controlling these diseases. A foliar spray of these phenolic acids was used to manage the impacts of the biotic stress resulting from disease incidence. All tested chemical inducers resulted in a significant decrease in disease severity. They also enhanced the defense system of treated plants through increasing antioxidant enzyme activity (Peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, β-1, 3-glucanase, and chitinase) compared to the corresponding control. Healthy leaves of faba plants recorded the lowest (p < 0.05) values of all antioxidant activities compared to those plants infected by Botrytis fabae. Moreover, the separation of proteins using SDS-PAGE showed slight differences among treatments. Furthermore, foliar spray with natural organic acids reduced the adverse effects of fungal infection by expediting recovery. The SA (5 mM) treatment produced a pronounced increase in the upper, lower epidermis, palisade thickness, spongy tissues, midrib zone, length, and width of vascular bundle. The foliar application with other treatments resulted in a slight increase in the thickness of the examined layers, especially by benzoic acid. In general, all tested chemical inducers could alleviate the adverse effects of the biotic stress on faba bean plants infected by Botrytis fabae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasha M. Alnefaie
- Biology Department, College of Science, Albaha University, Al Bahah 65779, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sahar A. EL-Sayed
- Biology Department, College of Science, Albaha University, Al Bahah 65779, Saudi Arabia
- Institute of Plant Pathology, Agricultural Research Center, Giza P.O. Box 12613, Egypt
| | - Amany A. Ramadan
- Botany Department, Agricultural and Biological Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza P.O. Box 12622, Egypt
| | - Ahmed I. Elmezien
- Department of Agricultural Botany (Plant Physiology), Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M. El-Taher
- Department of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Timothy O. Randhir
- Department of Environmental Conservation, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Ahmed Bondok
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
- Correspondence:
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Ullah I, Kamel EAR, Shah ST, Basit A, Mohamed HI, Sajid M. Application of RNAi technology: a novel approach to navigate abiotic stresses. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:10975-10993. [PMID: 36057876 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07871-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to the rising population globally, and the demand for food, it is critical to significantly increase crop production by 2050. However, climate change estimates show that droughts and heatwaves will become more prevalent in many parts of the world, posing a severe danger to food output. METHODS Selective breeding based on genetic diversity is falling short of meeting the expanding need for food and feed. However, the advent of modern plant genetic engineering, genome editing, and synthetic biology provides precise techniques for producing crops capable of sustaining yield under stress situations. RESULTS As a result, crop varieties with built-in genetic tolerance to environmental challenges are desperately needed. In the recent years, small RNA (sRNA) data has progressed to become one of the most effective approaches for the improvement of crops. So many sRNAs (18-30nt) have been found with the use of hi-tech bioinformatics and sequencing techniques which are involved in the regulation of sequence specific gene noncoding RNAs (short ncRNAs) i.e., microRNA (miRNA) and small interfering RNA (siRNA). Such research outcomes may advance our understanding of the genetic basis of adaptability of plants to various environmental challenges and the genetic variation of plant's tolerance to a number of abiotic stresses. CONCLUSION The review article highlights current trends and advances in sRNAs' critical role in responses of plants to drought, heat, cold, and salinity, and also the potential technology that identifies the abiotic stress-regulated sRNAs, and techniques for analyzing and validating the target genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izhar Ullah
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Crop Production Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan
| | - Ehab A R Kamel
- Department of Biological and Geological Sciences, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Syed Tanveer Shah
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Crop Production Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Basit
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Crop Production Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan
| | - Heba I Mohamed
- Department of Biological and Geological Sciences, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Muhammad Sajid
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Crop Production Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan
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Mukhtar S, Mohamed HI, Qazi IM, Basit A, Javed H, Shah ST, Ibrahim A, Aziz I, Kaleemullah FA. Impact of pectin extracted from selected citrus fruit peel on overall quality of mango jam. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-022-01576-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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El-Beltagi HS, Basit A, Mohamed HI, Ali I, Ullah S, Kamel EAR, Shalaby TA, Ramadan KMA, Alkhateeb AA, Ghazzawy HS. Mulching as a Sustainable Water and Soil Saving Practice in Agriculture: A Review. AGRONOMY 2022; 12:1881. [DOI: 10.3390/agronomy12081881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
This research was carried out in order to demonstrate that mulching the ground helps to conserve water, because agricultural sustainability in dryland contexts is threatened by drought, heat stress, and the injudicious use of scarce water during the cropping season by minimizing surface evaporation. Improving soil moisture conservation is an ongoing priority in crop outputs where water resources are restricted and controlled. One of the reasons for the desire to use less water in agriculture is the rising demand brought on by the world’s growing population. In this study, the use of organic or biodegradable mulches was dominated by organic materials, while inorganic mulches are mostly comprised of plastic-based components. Plastic film, crop straw, gravel, volcanic ash, rock pieces, sand, concrete, paper pellets, and livestock manures are among the materials put on the soil surface. Mulching has several essential applications, including reducing soil water loss and soil erosion, enriching soil fauna, and improving soil properties and nutrient cycling in the soil. It also reduces the pH of the soil, which improves nutrient availability. Mulching reduces soil deterioration by limiting runoff and soil loss, and it increases soil water availability by reducing evaporation, managing soil temperature, or reducing crop irrigation requirements. This review paper extensively discusses the benefits of organic or synthetic mulches for crop production, as well as the uses of mulching in soil and water conservation. As a result, it is very important for farmers to choose mulching rather than synthetic applications.
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Dawood MFA, Abu-Elsaoud AM, Sofy MR, Mohamed HI, Soliman MH. Appraisal of kinetin spraying strategy to alleviate the harmful effects of UVC stress on tomato plants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:52378-52398. [PMID: 35258726 PMCID: PMC9343307 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19378-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Increasing ultraviolet (UV) radiation is causing oxidative stress that accounts for growth and yield losses in the present era of climate change. Plant hormones are useful tools for minimizing UV-induced oxidative stress in plants, but their putative roles in protecting tomato development under UVC remain unknown. Therefore, we investigated the underlying mechanism of pre-and post-kinetin (Kn) treatments on tomato plants under UVC stress. The best dose of Kn was screened in the preliminary experiments, and this dose was tested in further experiments. UVC significantly decreases growth traits, photosynthetic pigments, protein content, and primary metabolites (proteins, carbohydrates, amino acids) but increases oxidative stress biomarkers (lipid peroxidation, lipoxygenase activity, superoxide anion, hydroxyl radical, and hydrogen peroxide) and proline content. Treatment of pre-and post-kinetin spraying to tomato plants decreases UVC-induced oxidative stress by restoring the primary and secondary metabolites' (phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and anthocyanins) status and upregulating the antioxidant defense systems (non-enzymatic antioxidants as ascorbate, reduced glutathione, α-tocopherol as well as enzymatic antioxidants as superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-S-transferase, and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase). Thus, the application of Kn in optimum doses and through different modes can be used to alleviate UVC-induced negative impacts in tomato plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona F A Dawood
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, 71516, Egypt
| | | | - Mahmoud R Sofy
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11884, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Heba I Mohamed
- Biological and Geological Sciences Department, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, Roxy, P.C.11757, Heliopolis Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mona H Soliman
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Al-SharmYanbu El-Bahr, , Yanbu, 46429, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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El-Beltagi HS, Eshak NS, Mohamed HI, Bendary ESA, Danial AW. Physical Characteristics, Mineral Content, and Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of Punica granatum or Citrus sinensis Peel Extracts and Their Applications to Improve Cake Quality. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11131740. [PMID: 35807697 PMCID: PMC9268770 DOI: 10.3390/plants11131740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
One-third of all food produced for human use is discarded as waste, resulting in environmental pollution and impaired food security. Fruit peels have bioactive compounds that may be used as antimicrobials and antioxidants, and the use of fruit peels is considered an alternative way to reduce environmental problems and agro-industrial waste. The aim of this study was to evaluate the phytochemical, mineral, extraction yield, total phenolic, total flavonoids, antioxidant, and antibacterial activity of several peel fruits, including Citrus sinensis (orange) and Punica granatum (pomegranate). The results revealed that pomegranate peel powder contains the highest amounts of ash, fiber, total carbohydrates, Ca, Fe, Mg, and Cu, while orange peel contains the highest amounts of moisture, protein, crude fat, P, and K. Furthermore, the aqueous and methanolic pomegranate peel extracts yielded higher total phenolic and total flavonoids than the orange peel extract. The identification and quantification of polyphenol compounds belonging to different classes, such as tannins, phenolic acids, and flavonoids in pomegranate peel and flavonoid compounds in orange peel were performed using UPLC-MS/MS. In addition, GC-MS analysis of orange peel essential oil discovered that the predominant compound is D-Limonene (95.7%). The aqueous and methanolic extracts of pomegranate peel were proven to be efficient against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria linked to human infections. Sponge cake substituting wheat flour with 3% pomegranate peel and 10% orange peel powder had the highest total phenolic, flavonoid compounds, and antioxidant activity as compared to the control cake. Our results concluded that pomegranate and orange peel flour can be used in cake preparation and natural food preservers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossam S. El-Beltagi
- Agricultural Biotechnology Department, College of Agricultural and Food Science, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 400, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
- Correspondence: (H.S.E.-B.); or (H.I.M.); (A.W.D.)
| | - Nareman S. Eshak
- Home Economics Department, Faculty of Specific Education, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt;
| | - Heba I. Mohamed
- Biological and Geological Sciences Department, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11341, Egypt
- Correspondence: (H.S.E.-B.); or (H.I.M.); (A.W.D.)
| | - Eslam S. A. Bendary
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11241, Egypt;
| | - Amal W. Danial
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt
- Correspondence: (H.S.E.-B.); or (H.I.M.); (A.W.D.)
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Sajid Ansari M, Ahmad G, Khan AA, Mohamed HI, Elhakem A. Coal fly ash and nitrogen application as eco-friendly approaches for modulating the growth, yield, and biochemical constituents of radish plants. Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:103306. [PMID: 35602867 PMCID: PMC9118150 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2022.103306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants are confronting a variety of environmental hazards as a result of fast climate change, which has a detrimental influence on soil, plant growth, and nutrient status. As a result, the present study aims to evaluate the influence of various fly ash concentrations (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, and 35% FA) mixed with the optimum concentrations of nitrogen in the form of urea (0.5 g pot−1) on the growth, productivity and biochemical constituents of radish plants. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to assess soil physical–chemical properties and FA nutrient status. Results suggested that FA added many essential plant nutrients to the growth substrate and improved some important soil characteristics such as pH, electric conductivity, porosity, and water holding capacity. Also, the results revealed that the low concentrations of FA up to 20% were found to boost radish growth, yield, chlorophyll, carotenoids, and mineral content. While the highest concentrations of FA (25–35%) decreased radish growth and yield, increased oxidative stress through increased lipid peroxidation (MDA) and caused a significant boost in ascorbic acid, proline, protein, and antioxidant enzyme activities. Furthermore, SEM of radish leaf revealed an enhancement in the stomatal pore of radish leaf under different levels of FA. In conclusion, combining 15% fly ash with 0.5 g nitrogen in the form of urea significantly enhanced radish yield by enhancing antioxidant activity such as catalase, peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase, Guaiacol peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, nitrate reductase and reducing oxidative stress, potentially reducing fly ash accumulation and environmental pollution.
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Calcium and iron nanoparticles: A positive modulator of innate immune responses in strawberry against Botrytis cinerea. Process Biochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2022.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Aly AA, El-Mahdy OM, Habeb MM, Elhakem A, Asran AA, Youssef MM, Mohamed HI, Hanafy RS. Pathogenicity of Bacillus Strains to Cotton Seedlings and Their Effects on Some Biochemical Components of the Infected Seedlings. THE PLANT PATHOLOGY JOURNAL 2022; 38:90-101. [PMID: 35385915 PMCID: PMC9343897 DOI: 10.5423/ppj.oa.11.2021.0173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Pathogenicity of eight Bacillus strains to seedlings of four cotton cultivars was evaluated under greenhouse conditions. Each of the tested cultivars was individually treated with powdered inoculum of each bacterial strain. Untreated seeds were planted as control treatments in autoclaved soil. Effects of the tested strains on levels and activities of some biochemical components of the infected seedlings were also assayed. The biochemical components included total soluble sugars, total soluble proteins, total free amino acids, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, phenols, and lipid peroxidation. ANOVA showed that Bacillus strain (B) was a very highly significant source of variation in damping-off and dry weight. Cotton cultivar (V) was a nonsignificant source of variation in damping-off while it was a significant source of variation in dry weight. B × V interaction was a significant source of variation in damping-off and a nonsignificant source of variation in dry weight. Bacillus strain was the most important source of variation as it accounted for 59.36 and 64.99% of the explained (model) variation in damping-off and dry weight, respectively. The lack of significant correlation between levels and activities of the assayed biochemical components and incidence of damping-off clearly demonstrated that these biochemical components were not involved in the pathogenicity of the tested strains. Therefore, it was hypothesized that the pathogenicity of the tested strains could be due to the effect of cell wall degrading enzymes of pathogenic toxins. Based on the results of the present study, Bacillus strains should be considered in studying the etiology of cotton seedling damping-off.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aly A. Aly
- Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt
| | - Omima M. El-Mahdy
- Faculty of Education, Department of Biological and Geological Sciences, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11341, Egypt
| | - Marian M. Habeb
- Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt
| | - Abeer Elhakem
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences and Humanities, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, 11942 Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal A. Asran
- Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt
| | - Maryan M. Youssef
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Plant Pathology, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Heba I. Mohamed
- Faculty of Education, Department of Biological and Geological Sciences, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11341, Egypt
| | - Rania S. Hanafy
- Faculty of Education, Department of Biological and Geological Sciences, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11341, Egypt
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EL-BELTAGI HS, ULLAH I, SAJID M, BASIT A, SHEHATA WF, SHAH ST, ALTURKI SM, ULLAH A, AZIZ I, ALI F. Influence of maturity stages on postharvest physico-chemical properties of grapefruit (Citrus paradisi var. ‘Shamber Tarnab’) under different storage durations. NOTULAE BOTANICAE HORTI AGROBOTANICI CLUJ-NAPOCA 2022; 50:12620. [DOI: 10.15835/nbha50112620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of maturity stages on the physicochemical characteristics of grapefruit (Citrus paradisi cv. ‘Shamber Tarnab’) under storage conditions for 60 days at ambient temperature (16±1 °C with 55-60% relative humidity). Grapefruits were harvested at different maturity stages, namely mature green (MG) and full ripe (FR). The fruits of both stages were assessed for different physical quality parameters at 15 days interval. The experimental results showed that ascorbic acid content, titratable acidity, fruit firmness, percent disease incidence was higher at FR stage. In contrast, weight loss, percent juice content, total soluble solid (TSS), and TSS/acid ratio at MG (mature green) were lower than that of FR fruits. Regarding storage durations, the fruit firmness, titratable acidity, percent juice content, ascorbic acid content decreased significantly, whilst total soluble solid, TSS/Acid ratio, weight loss, and percent disease incidence increased significantly with the extension of storage duration from 0 to 60 days. As concerned to its interactive effects, the highest ascorbic acid content, titratable acidity, percent juice content, and maximum fruit firmness were observed in fresh grapefruit, harvested at (MG) mature green stages, whereas the maximum total soluble solid, percent disease incidence, and TSS/Acid ratio were recorded in fruit harvested at (FR) full ripe stage, stored for 60 days at room temperature. Similarly, the Pearson’s Correlation Analysis (p> 0.05) of grapefruit was positive effect for most of the quality traits of grapefruit at different storage durations and maturity stages. It was concluded that grapefruit could be harvested at the mature green stage (MG) for sustaining quality attributes up to 60 days of storage at room temperature.
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Bano AS, Khattak AM, Basit A, Alam M, Shah ST, Ahmad N, Gilani SAQ, Ullah I, Anwar S, Mohamed HI. Callus Induction, Proliferation, Enhanced Secondary Metabolites Production and Antioxidants Activity of Salvia moorcroftiana L. as Influenced by Combinations of Auxin, Cytokinin and Melatonin. BRAZILIAN ARCHIVES OF BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY 2022; 65. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-4324-2022210200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
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Hussain T, Khan AA, Mohamed HI. Potential Efficacy of Biofilm-Forming Biosurfactant Bacillus firmus HussainT-Lab.66 Against Rhizoctonia solani and Mass Spectrometry Analysis of its Metabolites. Int J Pept Res Ther 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-021-10318-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Basit A, Shah ST, Ullah I, Muntha ST, Mohamed HI. Microbe-assisted phytoremediation of environmental pollutants and energy recycling in sustainable agriculture. Arch Microbiol 2021; 203:5859-5885. [PMID: 34545411 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-021-02576-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The perception of phytoremediation is efficiently utilized as an eco-friendly practice of green plants combating and cleaning up the stressed environment without harming it. The industrial revolution was followed by the green revolution which fulfilled the food demands of the growing population caused an increase in yield per unit area in crop production, but it also increased the use of synthetic fertilizers in agriculture. Globally, the intensive use of inorganic fertilizers in agriculture has led to serious health problems and irreversible environmental damage. Biofertilizers improve the growth of the plant and can be applied as an alternative to chemical/synthetic fertilizers. Cyanobacteria, bacteria, and fungi are known as some of the principal microbe groups used to produce biofertilizers that form symbiotic associations with plants. Microorganisms perform a key role in phosphate solubilization and mobilization, nitrogen fixation, nutrient management, biotic elicitors and probiotics, and pollution management (biodegradation agents), specifically bacteria which also help in atmospheric nitrogen fixation and are thus available for the growth of the plant. Management or biodegradation of hazardous chemical residues and heavy metals produced by a huge number of large-scale industries should be given primary importance to be transformed by various bacterial strains, fungi, algae. Currently, modern omics technologies such as metagenomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic are being used to develop strategies for studying the ecology of microorganisms, as well as their use in environmental monitoring and bioremediation. This review briefly discusses some of the major groups of microorganisms that can perform different functions responsible for plant health, crop production, phytoremediation and also focus on the omics techniques reportedly used in environmental monitoring to tackle the pollution load.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Basit
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Crop Production, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan
| | - Syed Tanveer Shah
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Crop Production, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan
| | - Izhar Ullah
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Crop Production, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan
| | - Sidra Tul Muntha
- Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Vegetable Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Heba I Mohamed
- Department of Biological and Geological Sciences, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
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Yassin M, Ton J, Rolfe SA, Valentine TA, Cromey M, Holden N, Newton AC. The rise, fall and resurrection of chemical-induced resistance agents. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2021; 77:3900-3909. [PMID: 33729685 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Since the discovery that the plant immune system could be augmented for improved deployment against biotic stressors through the exogenous application of chemicals that lead to induced resistance (IR), many such IR-eliciting agents have been identified. Initially it was hoped that these chemical IR agents would be a benign alternative to traditional chemical biocides. However, owing to low efficacy and/or a realization that their benefits sometimes come at the cost of growth and yield penalties, chemical IR agents fell out of favour and were seldom used as crop protection products. Despite the lack of interest in agricultural use, researchers have continued to explore the efficacy and mechanisms of chemical IR. Moreover, as we move away from the approach of 'zero tolerance' toward plant pests and pathogens toward integrated pest management, chemical IR agents could have a place in the plant protection product list. In this review, we chart the rise and fall of chemical IR agents, and then explore a variety of strategies used to improve their efficacy and remediate their negative adverse effects. © 2021 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Yassin
- Plant Production and Protection Institute and Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
- James Hutton Institute, Dundee, UK
| | - Jurriaan Ton
- Plant Production and Protection Institute and Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Stephen A Rolfe
- Plant Production and Protection Institute and Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | | | - Matthew Cromey
- Department of Plant Health, Royal Horticultural Society, Woking, UK
| | - Nicola Holden
- Scotland's Rural Colleges, Craibstone Estate, Aberdeen, UK
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Biological control: a novel strategy for the control of the plant parasitic nematodes. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 2021; 114:885-912. [PMID: 33893903 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-021-01577-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Plant parasitic nematodes (Root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne spp.) are rounded worms, microscopic, and cause many agricultural economic losses. Their attacks have a direct impact on the productivity of cultivated crops by reducing their fruit quantity. Chemical control is widespread all over the world, but biological control is the most effective way to reduce the number of pests that infect crops, particularly by the use of microorganisms like fungi and bacteria. Biological control is rapidly evolving, and more products are being sold worldwide over time. They can be produced by fungi, bacteria, or actinomycetes that can destruct plant parasite nematodes and feed on them. Nematophagous microorganisms as the natural enemies of nematodes have a promising way of controlling nematodes. Some of them create net-like substances and traps to take the worms from outside and finally kill them. Other parasites serve as internal parasites in order to produce toxins and to produce virulence to kill nematodes. Comprehension of the molecular basis for microbial nematode interactions gives important insights into how successful biological nematode control agents can be created. We discuss recent advances in our understanding of nematodes and nematophagous microorganisms, with an emphasis on molecular mechanisms that infect nematodes with nematophagous microorganisms and on nematode safety from pathogenic attacks. Finally, we addressed numerous key areas for future research and development, including possible approaches to the application of our recent expertise in the development of successful biocontrol strategies.
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Sofy AR, Sofy MR, Hmed AA, Dawoud RA, Refaey EE, Mohamed HI, El-Dougdoug NK. Molecular Characterization of the Alfalfa mosaic virus Infecting Solanum melongena in Egypt and the Control of Its Deleterious Effects with Melatonin and Salicylic Acid. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10030459. [PMID: 33670990 PMCID: PMC7997183 DOI: 10.3390/plants10030459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
During the spring of 2019, distinct virus-like symptoms were observed in the Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate in Egypt in naturally infected eggplants. Leaves of affected plants showed interveinal leaf chlorosis, net yellow, chlorotic sectors, mottling, blisters, vein enation, necrotic intervention, and narrowing symptoms. The Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV) was suspected of to be involved in this disease. Forty plant samples from symptomatic eggplants and 10 leaf samples with no symptoms were collected. The samples were tested by double antibody sandwich ELISA (DAS-ELISA) using AMV-IgG. Six of the 40 symptomatic leaf samples tested positive for AMV, while, DAS-ELISA found no AMV in the 10 leaf samples without symptoms. The AMV Egyptian isolate (AMV-Eggplant-EG) was biologically isolated from the six positive samples tested by DAS-ELISA and from the similar local lesions induced on Chenopodium amaranticolor and then re-inoculated in healthy Solanum melongena as a source of AMV-Eggplant-EG and confirmed by DAS-ELISA. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay with a pair of primers specific for coat protein (CP) encoding RNA 3 of AMV yielded an amplicon of 666 bp from infected plants of Solanum melongena with AMV-Eggplant-EG. The amplified PCR product was cloned and sequenced. Analysis of the AMV-Eggplant-EG sequence revealed 666 nucleotides (nt) of the complete CP gene (translating 221 amino acid (aa) residues). Analysis of phylogeny for nt and deduced aa sequences of the CP gene using the maximum parsimony method clustered AMV-Eggplant-EG in the lineage of Egyptian isolates (shark-EG, mans-EG, CP2-EG, and FRE-EG) with a high bootstrap value of 88% and 92%, respectively. In addition to molecular studies, melatonin (MTL) and salicylic acid (SA) (100 μM) were used to increase the resistance of eggplant to AMV- infection. Foliar spray with MLT and SA caused a significant increase in the morphological criteria (shoot, root length, number of leaves, leaf area, and leaf biomass), chlorophyll and carotenoid content, antioxidant enzymes, and gene expression of some enzymes compared to the infected plants. On the other hand, treatment with MLT and SA reduced the oxidative damage caused by AMV through the reduction of hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anions, hydroxyl radicals, and malondialdehyde. In conclusion, MLT and SA are eco-friendly compounds and can be used as antiviral compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed R. Sofy
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt; (A.A.H.); (E.E.R.)
- Correspondence: (A.R.S.); (M.R.S.)
| | - Mahmoud R. Sofy
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt; (A.A.H.); (E.E.R.)
- Correspondence: (A.R.S.); (M.R.S.)
| | - Ahmed A. Hmed
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt; (A.A.H.); (E.E.R.)
| | - Rehab A. Dawoud
- Virus and Phytoplasma Research Department, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza 12619, Egypt;
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Jazan University, P.O. Box 114, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ehab E. Refaey
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt; (A.A.H.); (E.E.R.)
| | - Heba I. Mohamed
- Department of Biological and Geological Sciences, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt;
| | - Noha K. El-Dougdoug
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt;
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Mohamed HI, Abd-Elsalam KA, Tmam AM, Sofy MR. Silver-based nanomaterials for plant diseases management: Today and future perspectives. SILVER NANOMATERIALS FOR AGRI-FOOD APPLICATIONS 2021:495-526. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-823528-7.00031-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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21
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Karkanis A, Ntatsi G, Lepse L, Fernández JA, Vågen IM, Rewald B, Alsiņa I, Kronberga A, Balliu A, Olle M, Bodner G, Dubova L, Rosa E, Savvas D. Faba Bean Cultivation - Revealing Novel Managing Practices for More Sustainable and Competitive European Cropping Systems. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1115. [PMID: 30116251 PMCID: PMC6083270 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Faba beans are highly nutritious because of their high protein content: they are a good source of mineral nutrients, vitamins, and numerous bioactive compounds. Equally important is the contribution of faba bean in maintaining the sustainability of agricultural systems, as it is highly efficient in the symbiotic fixation of atmospheric nitrogen. This article provides an overview of factors influencing faba bean yield and quality, and addresses the main biotic and abiotic constraints. It also reviews the factors relating to the availability of genetic material and the agronomic features of faba bean production that contribute to high yield and the improvement of European cropping systems. Emphasis is to the importance of using new high-yielding cultivars that are characterized by a high protein content, low antinutritional compound content, and resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. New cultivars should combine several of these characteristics if an increased and more stable production of faba bean in specific agroecological zones is to be achieved. Considering that climate change is also gradually affecting many European regions, it is imperative to breed elite cultivars that feature a higher abiotic-biotic stress resistance and nutritional value than currently used cultivars. Improved agronomical practices for faba bean crops, such as crop establishment and plant density, fertilization and irrigation regime, weed, pest and disease management, harvesting time, and harvesting practices are also addressed, since they play a crucial role in both the production and quality of faba bean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anestis Karkanis
- Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
| | - Georgia Ntatsi
- Laboratory of Vegetable Production, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources ELGO-DEMETER, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Liga Lepse
- Pūre Horticultural Research Centre, Pūre, Latvia
- Institute of Horticulture, Latvia University of Agriculture, Jelgava, Latvia
| | - Juan A. Fernández
- Department of Horticulture, Technical University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Spain
| | - Ingunn M. Vågen
- Department of Horticulture, Division of Food Production and Society, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO), Oslo, Norway
| | - Boris Rewald
- Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ina Alsiņa
- Institute of Soil and Plant Sciences, Latvia University of Agriculture, Jelgava, Latvia
| | - Arta Kronberga
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Economics, Priekuli, Latvia
| | - Astrit Balliu
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Agricultural University of Tirana, Tirana, Albania
| | - Margit Olle
- Estonian Crop Research Institute, Jõgeva, Estonia
| | - Gernot Bodner
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Laila Dubova
- Institute of Soil and Plant Sciences, Latvia University of Agriculture, Jelgava, Latvia
| | - Eduardo Rosa
- UTAD-CITAB – Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Dimitrios Savvas
- Laboratory of Vegetable Production, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- *Correspondence: Dimitrios Savvas,
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Zhang S, Gan Y, Ji W, Xu B, Hou B, Liu J. Mechanisms and Characterization of Trichoderma longibrachiatum T6 in Suppressing Nematodes ( Heterodera avenae) in Wheat. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1491. [PMID: 28966623 PMCID: PMC5605630 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Heterodera avenae is an important soil-borne pathogen that affects field crops worldwide. Chemical nematicides can be used to control the nematode, but they bring toxicity to the environment and human. Trichoderma longibrachiatum has been shown to have the ability to control H. avenae cysts, but detailed microscopic observations and bioassays are lacking. In this study, we used microscopic observations and bioassays to study the effect of T. longibrachiatum T6 (TL6) on the eggs and second stage juveniles (J2s) of H. avenae, and investigate the role of TL6 in inducing the resistance to H. avenae in wheat seedling at physiological and biochemical levels. Microscopic observations recorded that TL6 parasitized on the H. avenae eggs, germinated, and produced a large number of hyphae on the eggs surface at the initial stage, thereafter, the eggs were completely surrounded by dense mycelia and the contents of eggs were lysed at the late stage. Meanwhile, the conidia suspension of TL6 parasitized on the surface of J2s, produced a large number of hyphae that penetrated the cuticle and caused deformation of the nematodes. TL6 at the concentration of 1.5 × 107 conidia ml-1 had the highest rates of parasitism on eggs and J2s, reflected by the highest hatching-inhibition of eggs and the mortality of J2s. In the greenhouse experiments, wheat seedlings treated with TL6 at 1.5 × 107 conidia ml-1 had reduced H. avenae infection, and increased plant growth significantly compared to the control. The cysts and juveniles in soil were reduced by 89.8 and 92.7%, the juveniles and females in roots were reduced by 88.3 and 91.3%, whereas the activity of chitinase and β-1, 3-glucanase, total flavonoids and lignin contents in wheat roots were increased significantly at different stage after inoculation with the eggs and TL6 conidia in comparison to the control. Maximum activity of chitinase and β-1, 3-glucanase were recorded at the 20th and 15th Days after inoculation with TL6 and thereafter it declined. The maximum contents of total flavonoids and lignin were recorded at the 35th and 40th Days after inoculation with TL6. After being stained with the rapid vital dyes of acridine orange (AO) and neutral red (NR), the frozen and infected eggs and J2s of H. avenae changed color to orange and red, respectively, while the color of eggs and J2s in control group did not change. Therefore, our results suggest that TL6 is potentially an effective bio-control agent for H. avenae. The possible mechanisms by which TL6 suppresses H. avenae infection are due to the direct parasitic and lethal effect of TL6 on the eggs and J2s activity, and the induced defense response in wheat plants together.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuwu Zhang
- Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests of Gansu Province, College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural UniversityLanzhou, China
| | - Yantai Gan
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Arid Land Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural UniversityLanzhou, China
- Swift Current Research & Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food CanadaSwift Current, SK, Canada
| | - Weihong Ji
- Human-Wildlife Interactions Research Group, Institute of Mathematical and Natural Sciences, Massey UniversityAuckland, New Zealand
| | - Bingliang Xu
- Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests of Gansu Province, College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural UniversityLanzhou, China
| | - Baohong Hou
- Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests of Gansu Province, College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural UniversityLanzhou, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests of Gansu Province, College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural UniversityLanzhou, China
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