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Wycisk V, Wagner MC, Urner LH. Trends in the Diversification of the Detergentome. Chempluschem 2024; 89:e202300386. [PMID: 37668309 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202300386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Detergents are amphiphilic molecules that serve as enabling steps for today's world applications. The increasing diversity of the detergentome is key to applications enabled by detergent science. Regardless of the application, the optimal design of detergents is determined empirically, which leads to failed preparations, and raising costs. To facilitate project planning, here we review synthesis strategies that drive the diversification of the detergentome. Synthesis strategies relevant for industrial and academic applications include linear, modular, combinatorial, bio-based, and metric-assisted detergent synthesis. Scopes and limitations of individual synthesis strategies in context with industrial product development and academic research are discussed. Furthermore, when designing detergents, the selection of molecular building blocks, i. e., head, linker, tail, is as important as the employed synthesis strategy. To facilitate the design of safe-to-use and tailor-made detergents, we provide an overview of established head, linker, and tail groups and highlight selected scopes and limitations for applications. It becomes apparent that most recent contributions to the increasing chemical diversity of detergent building blocks originate from the development of detergents for membrane protein studies. The overview of synthesis strategies and molecular blocks will bring us closer to the ability to predictably design and synthesize optimal detergents for challenging future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Wycisk
- TU Dortmund University, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Otto-Hahn-Str. 6, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Marc-Christian Wagner
- TU Dortmund University, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Otto-Hahn-Str. 6, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Leonhard H Urner
- TU Dortmund University, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Otto-Hahn-Str. 6, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
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2
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Jörgensen AM, Wibel R, Bernkop-Schnürch A. Biodegradable Cationic and Ionizable Cationic Lipids: A Roadmap for Safer Pharmaceutical Excipients. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2206968. [PMID: 36610004 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202206968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Cationic and ionizable cationic lipids are broadly applied as auxiliary agents, but their use is associated with adverse effects. If these excipients are rapidly degraded to endogenously occurring metabolites such as amino acids and fatty acids, their toxic potential can be minimized. So far, synthesized and evaluated biodegradable cationic and ionizable cationic lipids already showed promising results in terms of functionality and safety. Within this review, an overview about the different types of such biodegradable lipids, the available building blocks, their synthesis and cleavage by endogenous enzymes is provided. Moreover, the relationship between the structure of the lipids and their toxicity is described. Their application in drug delivery systems is critically discussed and placed in context with the lead compounds used in mRNA vaccines. Moreover, their use as preservatives is reviewed, guidance for their design is provided, and an outlook on future developments is given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arne Matteo Jörgensen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Innsbruck, Institute of Pharmacy, Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Innsbruck, 6020, Austria
| | - Richard Wibel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Innsbruck, Institute of Pharmacy, Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Innsbruck, 6020, Austria
| | - Andreas Bernkop-Schnürch
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Innsbruck, Institute of Pharmacy, Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Innsbruck, 6020, Austria
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3
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Considerations for the delivery of STING ligands in cancer immunotherapy. J Control Release 2021; 339:235-247. [PMID: 34592386 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Several studies have shown the importance of the cGAS-STING pathway in antigen-presenting cells for anti-cancer immunity. Cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) - STING ligand is a negatively charged dinucleotide prone to degradation by hydrolases. Once administered in its soluble form, high doses are needed which in turn may cause side effects such as T cell apoptosis. Moreover, due to its negative charge, transfection of cGAMP into negatively-charged membrane cells is hampered. In order to achieve successful transfection and protection from enzymatic degradation there is a need for a suitable carrier for cGAMP. In this review, we therefore describe currently reported carriers for cGAMP, and correlate their characteristics to the effect they cause. To achieve targeted delivery to the tumor microenvironment, the route of administration and physicochemical parameters of the particles (containing a carrier and cGAMP) such as size and charge need to be determined. Therefore, the choice of the particle formulation and its impact on the preclinical outcome will be discussed.
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4
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Encapsulation of Apoptotic Proteins in Lipid Nanoparticles to Induce Death of Cancer Cells. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-019-0409-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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5
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Moss KH, Popova P, Hadrup SR, Astakhova K, Taskova M. Lipid Nanoparticles for Delivery of Therapeutic RNA Oligonucleotides. Mol Pharm 2019; 16:2265-2277. [PMID: 31063396 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b01290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Gene therapy is an exciting field that has the potential to address emerging scientific and therapeutic tasks. RNA-based gene therapy has made remarkable progress in recent decades. Nevertheless, efficient targeted delivery of RNA therapeutics is still a prerequisite for entering the clinics. In this review, we introduce current delivery methods for RNA gene therapeutics based on lipid nanoparticles (LNPs). We focus on the clinical appeal of recent RNA NPs and discuss existing challenges of fabrication and screening LNP candidates for effective translation into drugs of human metabolic diseases and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith Henry Moss
- DTU Health Technology , 202 Kemitorvet , 2800 Kongens Lyngby , Denmark
| | - Petya Popova
- DTU Chemistry , 206-207 Kemitorvet , 2800 Kongens Lyngby , Denmark
| | - Sine R Hadrup
- DTU Health Technology , 202 Kemitorvet , 2800 Kongens Lyngby , Denmark
| | - Kira Astakhova
- DTU Chemistry , 206-207 Kemitorvet , 2800 Kongens Lyngby , Denmark
| | - Maria Taskova
- DTU Chemistry , 206-207 Kemitorvet , 2800 Kongens Lyngby , Denmark
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6
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Bae CS, Ahn T. Diacylglycerol in Cationic Nanoparticles Stimulates Oxidative Stress-Mediated Death of Cancer Cells. Lipids 2019; 53:1059-1067. [DOI: 10.1002/lipd.12124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Sik Bae
- College of Veterinary Medicine; Chonnam National University; 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186 Republic of Korea
| | - Taeho Ahn
- College of Veterinary Medicine; Chonnam National University; 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186 Republic of Korea
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7
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Li M, Du C, Guo N, Teng Y, Meng X, Sun H, Li S, Yu P, Galons H. Composition design and medical application of liposomes. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 164:640-653. [PMID: 30640028 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 300] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Liposomes, which possess the properties of nano-scale, biofilm similar structure, excellent biocompatibility, become more and more useful in the drug development as the delivery system. Liposomes are relatively stable, their aqueous phase could contain the hydrophilic drugs and their phospholipid bilayer should localize the lipophilic drugs. Moreover, their surface-modifiable characteristics have really extended the liposomes' application to targeting and environmental sensitive delivery system. In order to make the common liposome more fit the human and animal body's complex environment, the structural variation strategy in the head, tail and bond of lipid molecules have been employed to develop the different functionalized liposomes-based drug delivery system for the localizable relieve and organ/tissue targeting relieve. In this paper, we would like to summarize the recent development on the design and optimization of liposomes, including Long-circulation liposomes, Specific active targeting liposomes, Environmental sensitive liposomes, Multifunctional liposomes, and so on. And the liposome content selection and current status of clinical application are systematically discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyuan Li
- China International Science and Technology, Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, Tianjin International Cooperation Research Centre of Food Nutrition/ Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Chunyang Du
- China International Science and Technology, Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, Tianjin International Cooperation Research Centre of Food Nutrition/ Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Na Guo
- China International Science and Technology, Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, Tianjin International Cooperation Research Centre of Food Nutrition/ Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Yuou Teng
- China International Science and Technology, Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, Tianjin International Cooperation Research Centre of Food Nutrition/ Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Xin Meng
- China International Science and Technology, Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, Tianjin International Cooperation Research Centre of Food Nutrition/ Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Hua Sun
- China International Science and Technology, Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, Tianjin International Cooperation Research Centre of Food Nutrition/ Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Shuangshuang Li
- China International Science and Technology, Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, Tianjin International Cooperation Research Centre of Food Nutrition/ Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Peng Yu
- China International Science and Technology, Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, Tianjin International Cooperation Research Centre of Food Nutrition/ Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China.
| | - Hervé Galons
- China International Science and Technology, Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, Tianjin International Cooperation Research Centre of Food Nutrition/ Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China.
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8
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Zhi D, Bai Y, Yang J, Cui S, Zhao Y, Chen H, Zhang S. A review on cationic lipids with different linkers for gene delivery. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 253:117-140. [PMID: 29454463 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2017.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Cationic lipids have become known as one of the most versatile tools for the delivery of DNA, RNA and many other therapeutic molecules, and are especially attractive because they can be easily designed, synthesized and characterized. Most of cationic lipids share the common structure of cationic head groups and hydrophobic portions with linker bonds between both domains. The linker bond is an important determinant of the chemical stability and biodegradability of cationic lipid, and further governs its transfection efficiency and cytotoxicity. Based on the structures of linker bonds, they can be grouped into many types, such as ether, ester, amide, carbamate, disulfide, urea, acylhydrazone, phosphate, and other unusual types (carnitine, vinyl ether, ketal, glutamic acid, aspartic acid, malonic acid diamide and dihydroxybenzene). This review summarizes some research results concerning the nature (such as the structure and orientation of linker groups) and density (such as the spacing and the number of linker groups) of linker bond for improving the chemical stability, biodegradability, transfection efficiency and cytotoxicity of cationic lipid to overcome the critical barriers of in vitro and in vivo transfection.
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Abstract
RNA is emerging as a potential therapeutic modality for the treatment of incurable diseases. Despite intense research, the advent to clinical utility remains compromised by numerous biological barriers, hence, there is a need for sophisticated delivery vehicles. In this aspect, lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are the most advanced platform among nonviral vectors for gene delivery. In this review, we critically review the literature and the reasons for ineffective delivery beyond the liver. We discuss the toxicity issues associated with permanently charged cationic lipids and then turn our attention to next-generation ionizable cationic lipids. These lipids exhibit reduced toxicity and immunogenicity and undergo ionization under the acidic environment of the endosome to release the encapsulated payload to their site of action in the cytosol. Finally, we summarize recent achievements in therapeutic nucleic acid delivery and report on the current status of clinical trials using LNP and the obstacles to clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Rietwyk
- Laboratory of Precision NanoMedicine, Department of Cell Research & Immunology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, ‡Department of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Iby and Aladar Fleischman Faculty of Engineering, §Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, and ∥Cancer Biology Research Center, Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Dan Peer
- Laboratory of Precision NanoMedicine, Department of Cell Research & Immunology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, ‡Department of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Iby and Aladar Fleischman Faculty of Engineering, §Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, and ∥Cancer Biology Research Center, Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
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10
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Chen H, Zhao Y, Cui S, Zhi D, Zhang S, Peng X. 6-O-dodecyl-chitosan carbamate-based pH-responsive polymeric micelles for gene delivery. J Appl Polym Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/app.42469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huiying Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals; Dalian University of Technology; 2 Linggong Rd. Hi-Tech Zone Dalian 116024 People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization - The State Ethnic Affairs Commission-Ministry of Education; Dalian Nationalities University, Economic Development Zone; Dalian 116600 People's Republic of China
| | - Yinan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization - The State Ethnic Affairs Commission-Ministry of Education; Dalian Nationalities University, Economic Development Zone; Dalian 116600 People's Republic of China
| | - Shaohui Cui
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization - The State Ethnic Affairs Commission-Ministry of Education; Dalian Nationalities University, Economic Development Zone; Dalian 116600 People's Republic of China
| | - Defu Zhi
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization - The State Ethnic Affairs Commission-Ministry of Education; Dalian Nationalities University, Economic Development Zone; Dalian 116600 People's Republic of China
| | - Shubiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization - The State Ethnic Affairs Commission-Ministry of Education; Dalian Nationalities University, Economic Development Zone; Dalian 116600 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojun Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals; Dalian University of Technology; 2 Linggong Rd. Hi-Tech Zone Dalian 116024 People's Republic of China
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11
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Ju J, Huan ML, Wan N, Qiu H, Zhou SY, Zhang BL. Novel cholesterol-based cationic lipids as transfecting agents of DNA for efficient gene delivery. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:5666-81. [PMID: 25768346 PMCID: PMC4394498 DOI: 10.3390/ijms16035666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Revised: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The design, synthesis and biological evaluation of the cationic lipid gene delivery vectors based on cholesterol and natural amino acids lysine or histidine are described. Cationic liposomes composed of the newly synthesized cationic lipids 1a or 1b and neutral lipid DOPE (1,2-dioleoyl-l-α-glycero-3-phosphatidyl-ethanolamine) exhibited good transfection efficiency. pEGFP-N1 plasmid DNA was transferred into 293T cells by cationic liposomes formed from cationic lipids 1a and 1b, and the transfection activity of the cationic lipids was superior (1a) or parallel (1b) to that of the commercially available 3β-[N-(N',N'-dimethylaminoethyl)-carbamoyl] cholesterol (DC-Chol) derived from the same cholesterol backbone with different head groups. Combined with the results of agarose gel electrophoresis, transfection experiments with various molar ratios of the cationic lipids and DOPE and N/P (+/−) molar charge ratios, a more effective formulation was formed, which could lead to relatively high transfection efficiency. Cationic lipid 1a represents a potential agent for the liposome used in gene delivery due to low cytotoxicity and impressive gene transfection activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Ju
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
| | - Meng-Lei Huan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
| | - Ning Wan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
| | - Hai Qiu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
| | - Si-Yuan Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
| | - Bang-Le Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
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12
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Hosseinkhani H, Abedini F, Ou KL, Domb AJ. Polymers in gene therapy technology. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.3432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Hosseinkhani
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering; National Taiwan University of Science and Technology (Taiwan Tech); Taipei 10607 Taiwan
- Center of Excellence in Nanomedicine; National Taiwan University of Science and Technology (Taiwan Tech); Taipei 10607 Taiwan
- Research Center for Biomedical Devices and Prototyping Production, Research Center for Biomedical Implants and Microsurgery Devices, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Department of Dentistry; Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital; Taipei 235 Taiwan
| | - Fatemeh Abedini
- Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute; Karaj Alborz IRAN
| | - Keng-Liang Ou
- Research Center for Biomedical Devices and Prototyping Production, Research Center for Biomedical Implants and Microsurgery Devices, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Department of Dentistry; Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital; Taipei 235 Taiwan
| | - Abraham J. Domb
- Institute of Drug Research, The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy-Faculty of Medicine; The Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Jerusalem 91120 Israel
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13
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He D, Liu D. Amphiphilic Organosilane-directed Synthesis of Mesoporous ZSM-5 Zeolite Crystals with a Chain-like Morphology. CHEM LETT 2014. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.140581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daoping He
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Donghua University
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14
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Deng Y, Wang CC, Choy KW, Du Q, Chen J, Wang Q, Li L, Chung TKH, Tang T. Therapeutic potentials of gene silencing by RNA interference: Principles, challenges, and new strategies. Gene 2014; 538:217-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2013.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2013] [Revised: 11/27/2013] [Accepted: 12/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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15
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Lian CM, Jiang LP, Liu DL. Synthesis and characterization of acetylated sept-d-glucopyranose carbamate as an oligosaccharide donor. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2013.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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16
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Structure-activity relationship of carbamate-linked cationic lipids bearing hydroxyethyl headgroup for gene delivery. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2013; 112:537-41. [PMID: 24055287 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2013.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2013] [Revised: 08/03/2013] [Accepted: 08/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A novel series of carbamate-linked cationic lipids containing hydroxyl headgroup were synthesized and included in formulations for transfection assays. The DNA-lipid complexes were characterized for their ability to bind DNA, their size, ζ-potential and cytotoxicity. Compared with our previously reported cationic transfection lipid DDCDMA lacking the hydroxyl group and the commercially available, these cationic liposomes exhibited relatively higher transfection efficiency.
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17
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Abstract
siRNA therapeutics has developed rapidly and already there are clinical trials ongoing or planned; however, the delivery of siRNA into cells, tissues or organs remains to be a major obstacle. Lipid-based vectors hold the most promising position among non-viral vectors, as they have a similar structure to cell or organelle membranes. But when used in the form of liposomes, these vectors have shown some problems. Therefore, either the nature of lipids themselves or forms used should be improved. As a novel class of lipid like materials, lipidoids have the advantages of easy synthesis and the ability for delivering siRNA to obtain excellent silencing activity. However, the toxicities of lipidoids have not been thoroughly studied. pH responsive lipids have also gained great attention recently, though some of the amine-based lipids are not novel in terms of chemical structures. More complex self-assembly structures, such as LPD (LPH) and LCP, may provide a good solution to siRNA delivery. They have demonstrated controlled particle morphology and size and siRNA delivery activity for both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubiao Zhang
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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18
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Synthesis and Characterization of Carbamate-Linked Cationic Lipids with Hydroxyethyl Group. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s11746-012-2115-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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19
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Zhi D, Zhang S, Qureshi F, Zhao Y, Cui S, Wang B, Chen H, Wang Y, Zhao D. Synthesis and biological activity of carbamate-linked cationic lipids for gene delivery in vitro. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:3837-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.01.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2011] [Revised: 01/15/2012] [Accepted: 01/25/2012] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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20
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Randolph LM, Chien MP, Gianneschi NC. Biological stimuli and biomolecules in the assembly and manipulation of nanoscale polymeric particles. Chem Sci 2012; 3:10.1039/C2SC00857B. [PMID: 24353895 PMCID: PMC3864871 DOI: 10.1039/c2sc00857b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Living systems are replete with complex, stimuli-responsive nanoscale materials and molecular self-assemblies. There is an ever increasing and intense interest within the chemical sciences to understand, mimic and interface with these biological systems utilizing synthetic and/or semi-synthetic tools. Our aim in this review is to give perspective on this emerging field of research by highlighting examples of polymeric nanoparticles and micelles that are prepared utilizing biopolymers together with synthetic polymers for the purpose of developing nanomaterials capable of interacting and responding to biologically relevant stimuli. It is expected that with the merging of evolved biological molecules with synthetic materials, will come the ability to prepare complex, functional devices. A variety of applications will become accessible including self-healing materials, self-replicating systems, biodiagnostic tools, drug targeting materials and autonomous, adaptive sensors. Most importantly, the success of this type of strategy will impact how biomolecules are stabilized and incorporated into synthetic devices and at the same time, will influence how synthetic materials are utilized within biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nathan C. Gianneschi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
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21
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Inhibition on hepatitis B virus e-gene expression of 10–23 DNAzyme delivered by novel chitosan oligosaccharide–stearic acid micelles. Carbohydr Polym 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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22
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Medvedeva DA, Maslov MA, Serikov RN, Morozova NG, Serebrenikova GA, Sheglov DV, Latyshev AV, Vlassov VV, Zenkova MA. Novel cholesterol-based cationic lipids for gene delivery. J Med Chem 2009; 52:6558-68. [PMID: 19824650 DOI: 10.1021/jm901022t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Gene therapy based on gene delivery is a promising strategy for the treatment of human disease. Here we present data on structure/biological activity of new biodegradable cholesterol-based cationic lipids with various heterocyclic cationic head groups and linker types. Enhanced accumulation of nucleic acids in the cells mediated by the lipids was demonstrated by fluorescent microscopy and flow cytometry. Light scattering and atomic force microscopy were used to find structure/transfection activity correlations for the lipids. We found that the ability of the lipids to stimulate intracellular accumulation of the oligodeoxyribonucleotides and plasmid DNA correlates well with their ability to form in solution lipid/NA complexes of sizes that do not exceed 100 nm. Screening of the lipids revealed the most promising transfection agents both in terms of low toxicity and efficient delivery: cholesterol-based lipids with positively charged pyridine and methyl imidazole head groups and either the ester or carbamate linker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darya A Medvedeva
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, SB RAS, 8 Lavrentiev Avenue, Novosibirsk 630090, Russian Federation
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23
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Lipid-based emulsion system as non-viral gene carriers. Arch Pharm Res 2009; 32:639-46. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-009-1500-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2008] [Revised: 03/04/2009] [Accepted: 03/06/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Liu D, Hao C, Zhang H, Qiao W, Li Z, Yu G, Yan K, Guo Y, Cheng L. Theory analysis of mass spectra of long-chain isocyanates. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2008; 22:2109-2114. [PMID: 18523980 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.3598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Electron impact mass spectra of four long-chain isocyanates, lauryl isocyanate, tetradecyl isocyanate, hexadecyl isocyanate and octadecyl isocyanate, were obtained with a GCT high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometer. The four isocyanates studied gave a common base peak of m/z 99, which suggested the formation of a stable six-membered ring structure to decentralize the positive charge. Quantum-mechanical energy calculation justified that the six-membered ring base peak had the lowest energy. The positive charge assigned during the fragmentation of the radical cation, and the relative intensity of the fragment ion peaks, were explained by quantum-mechanical calculations as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongliang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, North Renmin Road 2999th, Shanghai 201620, PR China.
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Liu D, Qiao W, Li Z, Chen Y, Cui X, Li K, Yu L, Yan K, Zhu L, Guo Y, Cheng L. Structure-function relationship research of glycerol backbone-based cationic lipids for gene delivery. Chem Biol Drug Des 2008; 71:336-44. [PMID: 18312294 DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-0285.2008.00644.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Transfection activities of two series of synthetic glycerol backbone-based cationic lipids were studied as gene delivery carriers. The variable length of hydrocarbon chains, diverse quaternary ammonium heads, different linkage, as well as alternative anion combined with them allowed to find how these factors affect cationic lipids on their gene delivery performance. The structure-function relationship of the synthetic glycerol backbone-based cationic lipids was discussed, and the transfection efficiency of some of the cationic liposomes was superior or parallel to that of two commercial transfection agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongliang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, North Renmin RD. 2999th, Shanghai 201620, PR China.
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Liu D, Qiao W, Li Z, Cui X, Li K, Yu L, Yan K, Zhu L, Cheng L. Carbamate-linked cationic lipids for gene delivery. Bioorg Med Chem 2008; 16:995-1005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2007.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2007] [Revised: 10/02/2007] [Accepted: 10/04/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Liu D, Qiao W, Li Z, Zhang S, Cheng L, Jin K. Synthetic diether-linked cationic lipids for gene delivery. Chem Biol Drug Des 2007; 67:248-51. [PMID: 16611219 DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-0285.2006.00366.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Quaternary ammonium lipids 2a-p, with diether linkages between hydrocarbon chains and their ammonium headgroups, were synthesized as potential vectors for cationic liposome-mediated gene delivery. Varying the length of carbon chains and quaternary ammonium heads as well as different anionic complexes will enable the study of the structure-function relationships of these cationic lipids in terms of gene delivery properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongliang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Zhongshan Road 158th, Dalian, 116012, China.
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Holas T, Vávrová K, Síma M, Klimentová J, Hrabálek A. Synthesis and transdermal permeation-enhancing activity of carbonate and carbamate analogs of Transkarbam 12. Bioorg Med Chem 2006; 14:7671-80. [PMID: 16942882 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2006.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2006] [Revised: 08/01/2006] [Accepted: 08/11/2006] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Transkarbam 12 (5-(dodecyloxycarbonyl)pentylammonium-5-(dodecyloxycarbonyl)pentylcarbamate, T12) is a highly effective skin permeation enhancer. In this study, ester groups in the molecule of T12 were replaced by carbonate and carbamate ones, respectively. The in vitro permeation-enhancing activities were evaluated using porcine skin and compared with those of T12 and previously prepared series of amide, ketone, and alkyl analogs. According to the activities and behavior of the compounds in donor samples, ester group is essential for the activity of T12; its replacement not only decreases the enhancing potency, but is likely to change the mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomás Holas
- Centre for New Antivirals and Antineoplastics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovského 1203, 50005 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
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Abstract
PEG shielding of non-viral vectors reduces undesired interactions with the extracellular environment. Combination with cell-binding domains enables in vivo targeting via specific attachment to the target cells. Pegylation, however, also interferes with effective intracellular nucleic acid delivery. Consistently triggered removal of the PEG shield after reaching the target cell would make non-viral vectors more compatible with the intracellular delivery steps. Physiological triggers may include changes in pH, enzyme concentration or redox potential. This review focuses on pH-sensitive shielding strategies that exploit the endosomal acidification process after endocytosis for deshielding of the delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Meyer
- Pharmaceutical Biology-Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, D-81377 Munich, Germany
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Lv H, Zhang S, Wang B, Cui S, Yan J. Toxicity of cationic lipids and cationic polymers in gene delivery. J Control Release 2006; 114:100-9. [PMID: 16831482 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2006.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1561] [Impact Index Per Article: 86.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2006] [Accepted: 04/26/2006] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Gene therapy, as a promising therapeutics to treat genetic or acquired diseases, has achieved exciting development in the past two decades. Appropriate gene vectors can be crucial for gene transfer. Cationic lipids and polymers, the most important non-viral vectors, have many advantages over viral ones as non-immunogenic, easy to produce and not oncogenic. They hold the promise to replace viral vectors to be used in clinic. However, the toxicity is still an obstacle to the application of non-viral vectors to gene therapy. For overcoming the problem, many new cationic compounds have been developed. This article provides a review with respect to toxicity of cationic lipids and polymers in gene delivery. We evaluate the structural features of cationic compounds and summarize the relationship of toxicity and structure and hope to provide available suggestions on the development of these cationic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Lv
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, China
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