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Corino C, Vizzarri F, Ratti S, Pellizzer M, Rossi R. Long Term Dietary Supplementation with Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Charolais Beef Cattle Reared in Italian Intensive Systems: Nutritional Profile and Fatty Acids Composition of Longissimus lumborum Muscle. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:1123. [PMID: 35565550 PMCID: PMC9105215 DOI: 10.3390/ani12091123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, the quality of beef has received great attention, and health concerns have been focused on fatty acid composition in relation to dietary requirements. The present work aims to evaluate the effect of omega-3 fatty acids (FA) lipid supplement in beef diet on the nutritional characteristics of Longissimus lumborum (LL) muscle. One hundred and eighty Charolais beef were divided in two groups: the control group (CON) received a basal diet and the second one (TR) an isoenergetic diet containing the omega-3 supplement. Dietary treatment did not affect (p > 0.05) growth performances, carcass characteristics and LL colour indices. Cholesterol content resulted lower (p < 0.001) in LL muscle from TR group than CON. The omega-3 FA and conjugated linoleic acid content were higher (p < 0.001) in LL muscle from TR than CON. As expected, LL muscle from TR group showed an increased value of malondialdehyde than CON during refrigerated storage, anyway, remaining within the threshold value of 1 mg/kg meat. In conclusion, the lipid supplement, rich in omega-3 FA improves the fatty acid profile and decreases cholesterol content of LL muscle. This feeding practice is suggested to enhance the nutritional value of meat from beef reared in intensive condition, improving the consumer’s health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Corino
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Dell’Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (C.C.); (S.R.)
| | - Francesco Vizzarri
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Science, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via G. Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy;
| | - Sabrina Ratti
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Dell’Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (C.C.); (S.R.)
| | | | - Raffaella Rossi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Dell’Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (C.C.); (S.R.)
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Corazzin M, Piasentier E, Saccà E, Bazzoli I, Bovolenta S. Organic meat quality of dual purpose young bulls supplemented with pea (Pisum sativum L.) or soybean. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2018; 98:938-944. [PMID: 28703317 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the main constraints established by organic legislation that limits the development of the rearing of young bulls is the ban on the use of genetically modified organisms (GMO). Most of the worldwide cultivated soybean is GMO, therefore the use of alternative protein sources should be evaluated. In this study, the effect of dietary substitution of soybean with pea (Pisum sativum L.) on carcass characteristics and meat quality of dual purpose young bulls reared following the organic method was investigated. RESULTS Twenty-four young bulls of Rendena breed were randomly assigned to two diet treatments differing in protein supplement (soybean (SB) or field pea (FP)). Carcass characteristics and meat chemical composition, colour, cooking loss and Warner-Bratzler shear force did not differ between groups. Regarding meat fatty acid composition, SB showed higher concentrations of C18:0 and C18:1 t and lower C16:1n-9c, C14:0, C17:1n-9c and C18:1n-9c than FP. In descriptive sensory analysis, trained judges were not able to differentiate meats from SB and FP, which also had similar overall liking expressed by consumers. CONCLUSION The results of this study indicate that FP can replace SB in the diet of dual purpose young bulls with only a minor influence on fatty acid composition and no effect on carcass characteristics and meat quality. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirco Corazzin
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Edi Piasentier
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Elena Saccà
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | | | - Stefano Bovolenta
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
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Vargas-Bello-Pérez E, Larraín RE. Impacts of fat from ruminants' meat on cardiovascular health and possible strategies to alter its lipid composition. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2017; 97:1969-1978. [PMID: 27925211 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2016] [Revised: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In the last few decades there has been increased consumer interest in the fatty acid (FA) composition of ruminant meat due to its content of saturated FAs, which have been implicated in diseases associated with modern life. However, recent studies have questioned the recommendations to reduce intake of fat, saturated FAs and cholesterol as a means of reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease. Interestingly, ruminant meat has some bioactive lipids such as C18:1t11 and C18:2 c9, t11 which have been reported to have positive effects on human health. In order to improve muscle fat composition from a human health standpoint, oilseeds, plant oils and marine oils can be used in ruminant diets. On the other hand, molecular mechanisms play an important role in the alteration of the FA composition of muscle fat. Genetics offer a wide range of possibilities for improvement of muscle fat composition by identifying different loci underlying the expression of quantitative traits. While significant progress has been made in characterizing the influence of diet on the FA composition of ruminant meat, the use of genetic tools can favor genotypes that could maximize their genetic potential through the diet. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Einar Vargas-Bello-Pérez
- Departamento de Ciencias Animales, Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Casilla-306, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rafael E Larraín
- Departamento de Ciencias Animales, Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Casilla-306, Santiago, Chile
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Effects of diets supplemented with n –3 or n –6 PUFA on pig muscle lipid metabolites measured by non-targeted LC–MS lipidomic profiling. J Food Compost Anal 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2016.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Frank D, Ball A, Hughes J, Krishnamurthy R, Piyasiri U, Stark J, Watkins P, Warner R. Sensory and Flavor Chemistry Characteristics of Australian Beef: Influence of Intramuscular Fat, Feed, and Breed. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:4299-4311. [PMID: 27118482 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b00160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The sensory attributes and flavor chemistry of grilled beef striploins (M. longissimus lumborum, n = 42) varying widely in marbling from commercial production types typical for Southern Australia were extensively characterized. Striploins from Angus grass-fed yearlings (5.2-9.9% intramuscular fat), Angus grain-finished steers (10.2-14.9%), and Wagyu grass-fed heifers (7.8-17.5%) were evaluated. Inherent differences between samples from grass- and grain-fed Angus cattle were minimal when the intramuscular fat content was above ∼5%. After adjusting for intramuscular fat, Wagyu samples had more intense flavor and higher tenderness and juiciness compared to Angus grass-fed samples. Grilled beef flavor, dairy fat, and sweetness increased with the marbling level, and sourness and astringency decreased. Tenderness and juiciness increased with the marbling level and were correlated with Warner-Bratzler peak force measurements. Trained panel sensory differences in flavor corresponded with increases in aroma volatiles and changes in nonvolatile flavor compounds. Unsaturated fatty acids with potential health benefits (vaccenic, oleic, and rumenic acids) increased with the level of marbling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damian Frank
- Commonwealth Scientific Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) , 11 Julius Avenue, North Ryde, New South Wales 2113, Australia
| | - Alex Ball
- Meat & Livestock Australia (MLA) , Level 1, 40 Mount Street, North Sydney, New South Wales 2060, Australia
| | - Joanne Hughes
- CSIRO , 39 Kessels Road, Coopers Plains, Queensland 4108, Australia
| | - Raju Krishnamurthy
- Commonwealth Scientific Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) , 11 Julius Avenue, North Ryde, New South Wales 2113, Australia
| | - Udayasika Piyasiri
- Commonwealth Scientific Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) , 11 Julius Avenue, North Ryde, New South Wales 2113, Australia
| | - Janet Stark
- CSIRO , 39 Kessels Road, Coopers Plains, Queensland 4108, Australia
| | - Peter Watkins
- CSIRO , 671 Sneydes Road, Werribee, Victoria 3030, Australia
| | - Robyn Warner
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Science, The University of Melbourne , Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
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Wang T, Lee HG. Advances in research on cis-9, trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid: a major functional conjugated linoleic acid isomer. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2016; 55:720-31. [PMID: 24915361 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2012.674071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) consists of a group of positional and geometric conjugated isomers of linoleic acid. Since the identification of CLA as a factor that can inhibit mutagenesis and carcinogenesis, thousands of studies have been conducted in the last several decades. Among the many isomers discovered, cis-9, trans-11 CLA is the most intensively studied because of its multiple, isomer-specific effects in humans and animals. This paper provides an overview of the available data on cis-9, trans-11 CLA, including its isomer-specific effects, biosynthesis, in vivo/in vitro research models, quantification, and the factors influencing its content in ruminant products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- a Department of Animal Science, and Technology, College of Animal Bioscience & Technology , Konkuk University , 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu , Seoul 143-701 , Republic of Korea
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A comparison of the trans fatty acid content of uncooked and cooked lean meat, edible offal and adipose tissue from New Zealand beef and lamb. J Food Compost Anal 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2015.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Should the pharmacological actions of dietary fatty acids in cardiometabolic disorders be classified based on biological or chemical function? Prog Lipid Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2015.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Tao H, Chang G, Xu T, Zhao H, Zhang K, Shen X. Feeding a High Concentrate Diet Down-Regulates Expression of ACACA, LPL and SCD and Modifies Milk Composition in Lactating Goats. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0130525. [PMID: 26086219 PMCID: PMC4472775 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0130525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
High concentrate diets are fed to early and mid-lactation stages dairy ruminants to meet the energy demands for high milk production in modern milk industry. The present study evaluated the effects of a high concentrate diet on milk fat and milk composition, especially, cis-9, trans-11 CLA content in milk and gene expression of lactating goats. Eight mid-lactating goats with rumen fistula were randomly assigned into a high concentrate diet (HCD) group and low concentrate diet (LCD) group. High concentrate diet feeding significantly increased lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in plasma and decreased milk fat content, vaccenic acid (VA) and cis-9, trans-11 CLA in milk of the lactating goats. The mRNA expression levels of sterol regulatory element binding protein B 1c (SREBP1c), lipoprotein lipase (LPL), fatty acid synthetase (FASN) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase α (ACACA, ACCα) involving in lipid metabolism were analyzed, and ACACA and LPL all decreased in their expression level in the mammary glands of goats fed a high concentrate diet. DNA methylation rate of stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) was elevated and decreased, and SCD mRNA and protein expression was reduced significantly in the mammary glands of goats fed a high concentrate diet. In conclusion, feeding a high concentrate diet to lactating goats decreases milk fat and reduced expression of SCD in the mammary gland, which finally induced cis-9, trans-11 CLA content in milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Tao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Guangjun Chang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Tianle Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Huajian Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xiangzhen Shen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
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Xu T, Tao H, Chang G, Zhang K, Xu L, Shen X. Lipopolysaccharide derived from the rumen down-regulates stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 expression and alters fatty acid composition in the liver of dairy cows fed a high-concentrate diet. BMC Vet Res 2015; 11:52. [PMID: 25879209 PMCID: PMC4353475 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-015-0360-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2014] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Dairy cows are often fed a high-concentrate diet to meet lactating demands, yet long-term concentrate feeding induces subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) and leads to a decrease in milk fat. Stearoyl-CoA desaturase1 (SCD1) participates in fatty acid biosynthesis in the liver of lactating ruminants. Here, we conducted this study to investigate the impact of lipopolysaccharide derived from the rumen on SCD1 expression and on fatty acid composition in the liver of dairy cows fed a high-concentrate diet. Eight multiparous mid-lactating Holstein cows (455 ± 28 kg) were randomly assigned into two groups in the experiment and were fed a low-concentrate diet (LC) or high-concentrate diet (HC) for 18 weeks. Results The results showed that the total volatile fatty acids and lactic acid accumulated in the rumen, leading to a decreased rumen pH and elevated lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) in the HC group. The long chain fatty acid profile in the rumen and hepatic vein was remarkably altered in the animals fed the HC diet. The triglyceride (TG), non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) and total cholesterol (TCH) content in the plasma was significantly decreased, whereas plasma glucose and insulin levels were increased. The expression of SCD1 in the liver was significantly down-regulated in the HC group. In regards to transcriptional regulators, the expression of sterol regulatory element binding transcription factors (SREBF1c, SREBF2) and SREBP cleavage activating protein (SCAP) was down-regulated, while peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) was up-regulated. Conclusions These data indicate that lipopolysaccharide derived from the rumen down-regulates stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 expression and alters fatty acid composition in the liver of dairy cows fed a high-concentrate diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianle Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Hui Tao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Guangjun Chang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Kai Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Lei Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Xiangzhen Shen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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Rioux V, Pédrono F, Blanchard H, Duby C, Boulier-Monthéan N, Bernard L, Beauchamp E, Catheline D, Legrand P. Trans-vaccenate is Δ13-desaturated by FADS3 in rodents. J Lipid Res 2013; 54:3438-52. [PMID: 24070791 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m042572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Fatty acid desaturases play critical roles in regulating the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids in all biological kingdoms. As opposed to plants, mammals are so far characterized by the absence of desaturases introducing additional double bonds at the methyl-end site of fatty acids. However, the function of the mammalian fatty acid desaturase 3 (FADS3) gene remains unknown. This gene is located within the FADS cluster and presents a high nucleotide sequence homology with FADS1 (Δ5-desaturase) and FADS2 (Δ6-desaturase). Here, we show that rat FADS3 displays no common Δ5-, Δ6- or Δ9-desaturase activity but is able to catalyze the unexpected Δ13-desaturation of trans-vaccenate. Although there is no standard for complete conclusive identification, structural characterization strongly suggests that the Δ11,13-conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) produced by FADS3 from trans-vaccenate is the trans11,cis13-CLA isomer. In rat hepatocytes, knockdown of FADS3 expression specifically reduces trans-vaccenate Δ13-desaturation. Evidence is presented that FADS3 is the first "methyl-end" fatty acid desaturase functionally characterized in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Rioux
- Laboratoire de Biochimie-Nutrition Humaine, Agrocampus Ouest-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) USC2012, Rennes, France
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12
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Comparison of meat quality between eland (Taurotragus oryx) and cattle (Bos taurus) raised under similar conditions. Meat Sci 2013; 96:346-52. [PMID: 23954274 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2013.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2012] [Revised: 07/09/2013] [Accepted: 07/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Physical, chemical and sensory characteristics of meat were compared between non-domestic eland (Taurotragus oryx) bulls (n=6) and domestic Fleckvieh (Bos taurus) bulls (n=6) which were finished under controlled conditions of feeding and management. Musculus longissimus lumborum from eland were darker and less yellow in colour, with a higher pH24 and lower contents of intramuscular fat and total collagen, compared to cattle. Contents (mg/100 g muscle tissue) and proportions (g/100 g of FA determined) of SFA and MUFA were higher (P<0.01) in cattle. Although the proportion of total PUFA were higher (P<0.001) in eland, contents of PUFA were similar between species. Meat from cattle was consistently scored higher (P<0.05) for sensory texture characteristics, juiciness, flavour, and overall acceptance. We concluded that bulls of eland provided low-fat meat with a beneficial fatty acid composition from a human nutrition perspective, but with lower sensory scores, compared to bull beef.
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Kadegowda AKG, Burns TA, Miller MC, Duckett SK. Cis-9, trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid is endogenously synthesized from palmitelaidic (C16:1 trans-9) acid in bovine adipocytes1. J Anim Sci 2013; 91:1614-23. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2012-5590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A. K. G. Kadegowda
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Clemson University, SC 29634-0311
| | - T. A. Burns
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Clemson University, SC 29634-0311
| | - M. C. Miller
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Clemson University, SC 29634-0311
| | - S. K. Duckett
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Clemson University, SC 29634-0311
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Costa ASH, Silva MP, Alfaia CPM, Pires VMR, Fontes CMGA, Bessa RJB, Prates JAM. Genetic background and diet impact beef fatty acid composition and stearoyl-CoA desaturase mRNA expression. Lipids 2013; 48:369-81. [PMID: 23467818 DOI: 10.1007/s11745-013-3776-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2012] [Accepted: 02/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The intramuscular fat composition of ruminant meats influences the quality of the final product, which explains the increasing interest in assessing the fatty acid profile of meat from different production systems. In this study, it was hypothesized that there are breed- and diet-induced variations on lipid metabolism in the muscle, which may be, at least partially, modulated by the stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) gene expression levels. Forty purebred young bulls from two phylogenetically distant autochthonous cattle breeds, Alentejana and Barrosã (n = 20 for each breed), were assigned to two different diets (low vs. high silage) and slaughtered at 18 months of age. Meat fatty acid composition, including the detailed conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomeric profile, was determined along with the SCD mRNA levels. Meat from Barrosã bulls fed the low silage diet was richer in monounsaturated fatty acids, CLA and trans fatty acids, when compared to that from Alentejana bulls. The meat content in polyunsaturated fatty acids was similar across experimental groups. Moderate positive correlations between the SCD mRNA levels and the products of this enzyme activity were found, although they were not reflected on the calculated desaturase indices. Overall, these findings highlight the importance of taking into account the genetic background while devising feeding strategies to manipulate beef fatty acid composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana S H Costa
- CIISA, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa, Av. da Universidade Técnica, Pólo Universitário do Alto da Ajuda, 1300-477, Lisboa, Portugal
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Aldai N, Dugan ME, Rolland DC, Aalhus JL. Red blood cell trans-18:1 isomeric profile correlates with subcutaneous fat and muscle profiles in beef cattle. Meat Sci 2012; 91:203-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2012.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2011] [Revised: 01/07/2012] [Accepted: 01/13/2012] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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16
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Costa ASH, Lopes PA, Estevão M, Martins SV, Alves SP, Pinto RMA, Pissarra H, Correia JJ, Pinho M, Fontes CMGA, Prates JAM. Contrasting cellularity and fatty acid composition in fat depots from Alentejana and Barrosã bovine breeds fed high and low forage diets. Int J Biol Sci 2012; 8:214-27. [PMID: 22253565 PMCID: PMC3258561 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.8.214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2011] [Accepted: 10/31/2011] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
During the finishing phase of bovines, large amounts of subcutaneous and visceral fats are deposited leading to production inefficiencies with major impact on meat quality. A better understanding of the cellularity features of the main fat depots could provide strategies for adipose tissue manipulation. This study assessed the effect of feeding diets with distinct forage to concentrate ratios on the cellularity of two fat depots of beef cattle and their implications on the fatty acid profile. Thus, two phylogenetically distant Portuguese bovine breeds, Alentejana and Barrosã, were selected. The results did not show differences in subcutaneous fat deposition nor in visceral fat depots partitioning. Plasma adipokines concentration failed to show a consistent relationship with fatness, as leptin remained constant in all experimental groups, whereas interleukin-6 was influenced by breed. Fat depot seems to determine the area and number of adipocytes, with larger adipocytes and a lower number of cells in subcutaneous fat than in mesenteric fat. Neither breed nor diet influenced adipocytes area and number. The contents of total fatty acids, partial sums of fatty acids and conjugated linoleic acid isomeric profile were affected by breed and fat depot. The incorporation of saturated fatty acids (SFA), trans fatty acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and branched chain fatty acids (BCFA) was higher in mesenteric fat depot, whereas subcutaneous fat depot had greater percentages of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA). In addition, SFA and MUFA proportions seem to be breed-related. In spite of the less relevant role of diet, the percentages of PUFA and BCFA were influenced by this factor. Under these experimental conditions, the effect of fat depot on cellularity and fatty acid composition prevails over breed or diet, as reinforced by the principal component analysis.
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Average daily gain and blood fatty acid composition of cattle grazing the nonbloating legumes birdsfoot trefoil and cicer milkvetch in the Mountain West. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.15232/s1080-7446(15)30542-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Grass-based ruminant production methods and human bioconversion of vaccenic acid with estimations of maximal dietary intake of conjugated linoleic acids. Int Dairy J 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2010.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Mushi DE, Thomassen MS, Kifaro GC, Eik LO. Fatty acid composition of minced meat, longissimus muscle and omental fat from Small East African goats finished on different levels of concentrate supplementation. Meat Sci 2010; 86:337-42. [PMID: 20541873 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2010.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2009] [Revised: 03/15/2010] [Accepted: 05/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Effects of supplementing Small East African (SEA) goats with concentrate diets on fatty acids composition of minced meat, M. longissimus dorsi (LD) and omental fat were assessed using 23 animals (14.5 months old and 20.1 kg body weight). Goats were subjected to four levels of concentrate supplementation: ad libitum concentrate allowance (T100), 66% (T66), 33% (T33) and 0% (T0) of ad libitum concentrate allowance. All goats were slaughtered after 90 days of experimental period. Minced meat from concentrate-supplemented goats had higher (P<0.05) proportions of unsaturated fatty acids (UFA), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and desirable fatty acid (DFA) than that of non-supplemented ones (T0). Minced meat from T00 and T66 goats had similar proportions of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and n-6 PUFA that were higher (P<0.05) than that of other dietary groups. There was limited variation in fatty acids composition of LD attributable to concentrate supplementation. Trans-vaccenic and linoleic acids were in higher (P<0.05) proportion in omental fat from concentrate-supplemented goats whereas margaric and arachidonic acids were in higher (P<0.05) proportion in omental fat from non-supplemented goats. Overall, LD was associated with PUFA, omental fat with saturated fatty acids (SFA), minced meat with MUFA. It is concluded that finishing SEA goats on concentrate diets will increase the proportion of DFA in meat from them. In addition, the proportion of PUFA in meat from such goats will peak at concentrate supplementation equivalent to 66% of their ad libitum intake. Consumers should avoid high intake of internal fat due to their richness in SFA.
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Affiliation(s)
- D E Mushi
- Department of Animal Science and Production, Sokoine University of Agriculture, PO Box 3004, Morogoro, Tanzania.
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Dance L, Matthews K, Doran O. Effect of breed on fatty acid composition and stearoyl-CoA desaturase protein expression in the Semimembranosus muscle and subcutaneous adipose tissue of cattle. Livest Sci 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2009.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Cao Y, Chen J, Yang L, Chen ZY. Differential incorporation of dietary conjugated linolenic and linoleic acids into milk lipids and liver phospholipids in lactating and suckling rats. J Nutr Biochem 2009; 20:685-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2008.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2008] [Revised: 06/12/2008] [Accepted: 06/17/2008] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Vasta V, Mele M, Serra A, Scerra M, Luciano G, Lanza M, Priolo A. Metabolic fate of fatty acids involved in ruminal biohydrogenation in sheep fed concentrate or herbage with or without tannins1. J Anim Sci 2009; 87:2674-84. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2008-1761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Duckett SK, Neel JPS, Fontenot JP, Clapham WM. Effects of winter stocker growth rate and finishing system on: III. Tissue proximate, fatty acid, vitamin, and cholesterol content. J Anim Sci 2009; 87:2961-70. [PMID: 19502506 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2009-1850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Angus-cross steers (n = 198; 270 kg of BW; 8 mo) were used in a 3-yr study to assess the effects of winter stocker growth rate and finishing system on LM proximate, fatty acid, cholesterol, vitamin, and mineral composition. During the winter months (December to April), steers were randomly allotted to 3 stocker growth rates: low (0.23 kg/d), medium (0.45 kg/d), or high (0.68 kg/d). At the completion of the stockering phase, steers were allotted randomly within each stocker growth rate to a high concentrate (CONC) or pasture (PAST) finishing system and finished to an equal time endpoint. Winter stocker growth rate did not alter (P > 0.05) proximate, cholesterol, or vitamin content of the LM. All interactions among winter stocker growth rate and finishing system were nonsignificant, indicating that supplementation systems during winter stocker period did not influence beef composition after finishing on PAST or CONC. Finishing steers on CONC decreased (P < 0.001) moisture content of the LM and increased (P < 0.001) lipid content of the LM. Protein, ash, and cholesterol content of the LM did not differ (P > 0.05) between finishing systems. alpha-Tocopherol and beta-carotene content of the LM were 288 and 54% greater, respectively, for PAST-finished cattle than CONC. B-vitamins, thiamine and riboflavin, were also present in greater (P = 0.001) concentrations for PAST than CONC. Calcium, Mg, and K contents of the LM were greater (P < 0.05) for PAST than CONC. Total fatty acid content of the LM was 49% less for PAST than CONC. Myristoleic, palmitoleic, and oleic acid concentrations were all less (P = 0.001) for PAST than CONC. Trans-10 octadecenoic acid percentage in LM was 97% greater (P = 0.001) for CONC than PAST; conversely, trans-11 vaccenic acid percentage in the LM was 90% greater (P = 0.001) for PAST than CONC. Conjugated linoleic acid, cis-9, trans-11 isomer, percentage was greater (P = 0.001) by 117% for PAST than CONC. Linoleic acid (C18:2) concentration did not differ (P > 0.05) among PAST and CONC. Concentrations of all n-3 fatty acids (linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic, docosapentaenoic, docosahexaenoic) were greater (P = 0.01) for PAST than CONC. Total n-6 PUFA percentages were unchanged (P > 0.05) among finishing systems. The ratio of n-6 to n-3 fatty acids was 4.84 for CONC and 1.65 for PAST. Beef from CONC finished has a greater total, saturated, and monounsaturated fat content; in contrast, beef from PAST finished has less total, saturated, and monounsaturated fat content with greater contents of n-3 fatty acids and a decreased n-6 to n-3 ratio. Beef from PAST finished also has greater contents of B-vitamins and antioxidants (vitamin E and beta-carotene).
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Dannenberger D, Nuernberg K, Nuernberg G. Diet-dependent occurrence of CLA isomers in rumen and duodenal digesta of slaughtered bulls. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.200800180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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