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Mateeva A, Kondeva-Burdina M, Nedialkov P, Peikova L, Georgieva M. Development of Hyphenated Techniques and Network Identification Approaches for Biotransformational Evaluation of Promising Antitubercular N-pyrrolyl hydrazide-hydrazone in Isolated Rat Hepatocytes. Chromatographia 2023; 86:497-505. [PMID: 37255951 PMCID: PMC10157554 DOI: 10.1007/s10337-023-04260-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Novel, rapid and precise RP-HPLC-DAD method was developed, validated and successfully applied for determination of metabolic changes of ethyl 5-(4-bromophenyl)-1-(3-(2-(2-hydroxybenzylidene)hydrazinyl)-3-oxopropyl)-2-methyl-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxylate (12b) in isolated rat hepatocytes. The analytes were detected by a simple DAD detector at 279 nm wavelength. A single-step extraction method was implemented to enable fast purification and extraction from cellular culture, resulting in a complete recovery. Thereafter, the method was adequately transferred to a LC-MS system for identification of unknown products. Additionally, network metabolism evaluation was performed to predict the structures of major metabolites with their isotope mass through BioTransformer 3.0. The data from the LC-MS analysis and the online server were compared for comprehensive identification. The results indicated formation of four metabolic products, obtained through processes of hydrolysis (12 and b), hydroxylation in the structure 12b (M1) and O-dealkylation (M2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandrina Mateeva
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University - Sofia, 2 Dunav Str, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Magdalena Kondeva-Burdina
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University - Sofia, 2 Dunav Str, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Paraskev Nedialkov
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University - Sofia, 2 Dunav Str, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Lily Peikova
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University - Sofia, 2 Dunav Str, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Maya Georgieva
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University - Sofia, 2 Dunav Str, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria
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Ahmad S, Alam O, Naim MJ, Shaquiquzzaman M, Alam MM, Iqbal M. Pyrrole: An insight into recent pharmacological advances with structure activity relationship. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 157:527-561. [PMID: 30119011 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Revised: 07/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Pyrrole is a heterocyclic ring template with multiple pharmacophores that provides a way for the generation of library of enormous lead molecules. Owing to its vast pharmacological profile, pyrrole and its analogues have drawn much attention of the researchers/chemists round the globe to be explored exhaustively for the benefit of mankind. This review focusses on recent advancements; pertaining to pyrrole scaffold, discussing various aspects of structure activity relationship and its bioactivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujauddin Ahmad
- Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Modelling Lab, Dept. of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, 62, India
| | - Ozair Alam
- Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Modelling Lab, Dept. of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, 62, India.
| | - Mohd Javed Naim
- Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Modelling Lab, Dept. of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, 62, India
| | - Mohammad Shaquiquzzaman
- Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Modelling Lab, Dept. of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, 62, India
| | - M Mumtaz Alam
- Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Modelling Lab, Dept. of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, 62, India
| | - Muzaffar Iqbal
- Dept. of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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3
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Avupati VR, Yejella RP, Parala VR, Killari KN, Papasani VMR, Cheepurupalli P, Gavalapu VR, Boddeda B. Synthesis, characterization and in vitro biological evaluation of some novel 1,3,5-triazine-Schiff base conjugates as potential antimycobacterial agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:5968-70. [PMID: 24044875 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.08.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2013] [Revised: 07/28/2013] [Accepted: 08/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A series of some novel 1,3,5-triazine-Schiff base conjugates (1-32) have been synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv using Alamar Blue assay and the activity expressed as the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) in μg/mL. Compounds 4 (4-Methoxy-6-methyl-N-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzylidene)-1,3,5-triazin-2-amine), 11 (4-Methoxy-6-methyl-N-(2-hydroxy-3-bromo-5-chloro-benzylidene)-1,3,5-triazin-2-amine) and 24 (4-Methoxy-6-methyl-N-(1-(2,5-dihydroxyphenyl)ethylidene)-1,3,5-triazin-2-amine) exhibited a significant activity at 3.125, 6.25 and 6.25μg/mL, respectively, when compared with the antitubercular drugs such as ethambutol (3.125μg/mL), pyrazinamide (6.25μg/mL) and streptomycin (6.25μg/mL) and it could be a potential starting point to develop new lead compounds in the fight against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasudeva Rao Avupati
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Division, AU College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam 530003, Andhra Pradesh, India.
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Synthesis and antimycobacterial activity of prodrugs of indeno[2,1-c]quinoline derivatives. Eur J Med Chem 2011; 46:1306-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2011.01.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2011] [Revised: 01/24/2011] [Accepted: 01/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Panda G, Parai MK, Das SK, Sinha M, Chaturvedi V, Srivastava AK, Manju YS, Gaikwad AN, Sinha S. Effect of substituents on diarylmethanes for antitubercular activity. Eur J Med Chem 2006; 42:410-9. [PMID: 17112639 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2006.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2006] [Revised: 09/26/2006] [Accepted: 09/28/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Aminoalkyl derivatives of diarylmethanes were prepared using Grignard, Friedel-Crafts arylation and aminohydrochloride chain formation reactions. These series of compounds were evaluated against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H(37)R(v) and showed the activity in the range of 6.25-25 microg/mL. Effect of heteroaryl, anthracenyl and phenanthrene groups on diarylmethane pharmacophores for antitubercular activity is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gautam Panda
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, Central Drug Research Institute, Chattar Manzil Palace, Lucknow-226001, UP, India.
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Biava M, Porretta GC, Poce G, Deidda D, Pompei R, Tafi A, Manetti F. Antimycobacterial compounds. Optimization of the BM 212 structure, the lead compound for a new pyrrole derivative class. Bioorg Med Chem 2005; 13:1221-30. [PMID: 15670931 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2004.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2004] [Accepted: 11/09/2004] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Our work on antitubercular agents led to the identification of BM 212 as a lead compound among a series of pyrrole derivatives with good in vitro activity against mycobacteria and candidae. Further studies led us to synthesize additional pyrroles bearing the thiomorpholinomethyl moiety and different aryl substituents at N1 and C5. Some of them revealed very active, prompting us to design the new pyrrole derivatives 5-20 in the hope of increasing the activity and better understanding the influence of ortho halogens on the antimycobacterial activity. Microbiological data showed interesting in vitro activity toward Mycobacterium tuberculosis and atypical mycobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariangela Biava
- Dipartimento di Studi di Chimica e Tecnologia delle Sostanze Biologicamente Attive, Università La Sapienza, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
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Sbardella G, Mai A, Artico M, Setzu MG, Poni G, La Colla P. New 6-nitroquinolones: synthesis and antimicrobial activities. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 59:463-71. [PMID: 15178309 DOI: 10.1016/j.farmac.2004.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2003] [Accepted: 01/29/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Pursuing our searches on quinolonecarboxylic acids we used a simple three-step one pot procedure to synthesize novel 1,7-disubstituted-6-nitroquinolones. The new derivatives were tested against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) as well as against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. In vitro assays showed some derivatives were endowed with good inhibiting activities against tested mycobacteria. Some derivatives were also found more potent than ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin (used as reference drugs) against gram-positive bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Sbardella
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Ponte Don Melillo, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy
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Biava M, Porretta GC, Deidda D, Pompei R, Tafi A, Manetti F. Antimycobacterial compounds. New pyrrole derivatives of BM212. Bioorg Med Chem 2004; 12:1453-8. [PMID: 15018918 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2003.12.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2003] [Accepted: 12/22/2003] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
We have identified BM212 as a lead compound among a series of pyrrole derivatives with good in vitro activity against mycobacteria and candidae. First studies led us to synthesize some pyrrole compounds in which the thiomorpholine fragment was present. Some compounds revealed very active and these findings prompted us to prepare new pyrrole derivatives 2-15 in the hope of increasing the activity. The microbiological data showed interesting in vitro activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and atypical mycobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariangela Biava
- Dipartimento di Studi di Chimica e Tecnologia delle Sostanze Biologicamente Attive, Università 'La Sapienza', P le A Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
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Savini L, Chiasserini L, Gaeta A, Pellerano C. Synthesis and anti-tubercular evaluation of 4-quinolylhydrazones. Bioorg Med Chem 2002; 10:2193-8. [PMID: 11983516 DOI: 10.1016/s0968-0896(02)00071-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of 4-quinolylhydrazones were synthesized and tested against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv. Preparation of the title compounds was achieved by reaction of 4-quinolylhydrazine and aryl- or heteroaryl-carboxaldehyde. For the most of derivatives interesting antitubercular properties were showed; two compounds (3(2) and 3(25)), identified as the most active, were tested also against Mycobacterium avium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Savini
- Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via A. Moro, 53100 Siena, Italy.
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Scozzafava A, Mastrolorenzo A, Supuran CT. Antimycobacterial activity of 3,4-dichlorophenyl-ureas, N,N-diphenyl-ureas and related derivatives. JOURNAL OF ENZYME INHIBITION 2001; 16:425-32. [PMID: 11916148 DOI: 10.1080/14756360109162391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Substituted urea derivatives were prepared by reacting 3,4-dichlorophenyl isocyanate with amino acids, dipeptides, histamine or dicyandiamide among others, or from N,N-diphenyl-carbamoyl chloride and amino acids, dipeptides, or histamine. Other derivatives were obtained by reaction of PABA or PAS with arylsulfonyl halides. Some of the new compounds showed appreciable activity as antimycobacterial agents against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv, producing an inhibition of growth in the range of 80-89%, at a concentration of 6.25 microM. Some derivatives of this series might constitute interesting lead molecules for designing novel types of drugs effective against M. tuberculosis, a re-emerging pathogen both in the developed and under-developed countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Scozzafava
- Laboratorio di Chimica Inorganica e Bioinorganica, Università degli Studi, Florence, Italy
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Scozzafava A, Mastrolorenzo A, Supuran CT. Antimycobacterial activity of 9-sulfonylated/sulfenylated-6-mercaptopurine derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2001; 11:1675-8. [PMID: 11425535 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(01)00266-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A series of 9-sulfonylated/sulfenylated-6-mercaptopurines has been prepared by reaction of 6-mercaptopurine with sulfonyl/sulfenyl halides. These compounds constitute a new class of potent antimycobacterial agents, possessing MIC values against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv in the range of 0.39-3.39 microg/mL, as well as appreciable activity against Mycobacterium avium. Furthermore, a compound of this small series exhibited good activity (MIC under 1 microg/mL) against several drug resistant strains of M. tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Scozzafava
- Laboratorio di Chimica Inorganica e Bioinorganica, Università degli Studi, Via Gino Capponi 7, I-50121, Florence, Italy
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