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Kumar L, Mohan L, Anand R, Joshi V, Chugh M, Bharadvaja N. A review on unit operations, challenges, opportunities, and strategies to improve algal based biodiesel and biorefinery. FRONTIERS IN CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fceng.2022.998289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Globally, the demand for energy is increasing with an emphasis on green fuels for a sustainable future. As the urge for alternative fuels is accelerating, microalgae have emerged as a promising source that can not only produce high lipid but many other platform chemicals. Moreover, it is a better alternative in comparison to conventional feedstock due to yearlong easy and mass cultivation, carbon fixation, and value-added products extraction. To date, numerous studies have been done to elucidate these organisms for large-scale fuel production. However, enhancing the lipid synthesis rate and reducing the production cost still remain a major bottleneck for its economic viability. Therefore, this study compiles information on algae-based biodiesel production with an emphasis on its unit operations from strain selection to biofuel production. Additionally, strategies to enhance lipid accumulation by incorporating genetic, and metabolic engineering and the use of leftover biomass for harnessing bio-products have been discussed. Besides, implementing a biorefinery for extracting oil followed by utilizing leftover biomass to generate value-added products such as nanoparticles, biofertilizers, biochar, and biopharmaceuticals has also been discussed.
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You K, Ge F, Wu X, Song K, Yang Z, Zhang Q, Liu Y, Ruan R, Zheng H. Nutrients recovery from piggery wastewater and starch wastewater via microalgae-bacteria consortia. ALGAL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Yu J, Hu H, Wu X, Zhou T, Liu Y, Ruan R, Zheng H. Coupling of biochar-mediated absorption and algal-bacterial system to enhance nutrients recovery from swine wastewater. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 701:134935. [PMID: 31726415 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Algal-bacterial system (ABS) used in treatment of high-strength ammonium wastewaters receives more and more attentions. In this paper, biochar-mediated absorption (BMA) and ABS were applied to recover nutrients from swine wastewater (SW) with high-strength ammonium, respectively. The results showed that the BMA could recover ammonium from the SW, which mitigated ammonia toxicity to the ABS. The bacterial community diversity containing four phyla of bacteria was identified for the first time during nutrients recovery from the SW by the ABS. Proteobacteria and Firmicutes were the two most abundant phyla. A novel scheme for nutrients recovery from the SW by the coupled BMA-ABS method was proposed and evaluated. Nutrients recovery was obviously improved by the coupled BMA-ABS method with biomass concentration of 1.97 g L-1, and a NH4+-N recovery efficiency of 96%, a total nitrogen recovery efficiency of 95%, a total phosphorus recovery efficiency of 96%, and a chemical oxygen demand recovery efficiency of 99%. The coupled BMA-ABS method could enhance nutrients recovery from the SW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Yu
- MOE Biomass Energy Research Center and College of Food Science and Technology and State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, 235 East Nanjing Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, People's Republic of China
| | - Hancui Hu
- MOE Biomass Energy Research Center and College of Food Science and Technology and State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, 235 East Nanjing Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodan Wu
- MOE Biomass Energy Research Center and College of Food Science and Technology and State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, 235 East Nanjing Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Zhou
- MOE Biomass Energy Research Center and College of Food Science and Technology and State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, 235 East Nanjing Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhuan Liu
- MOE Biomass Energy Research Center and College of Food Science and Technology and State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, 235 East Nanjing Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, People's Republic of China
| | - Roger Ruan
- MOE Biomass Energy Research Center and College of Food Science and Technology and State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, 235 East Nanjing Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, People's Republic of China; Center for Biorefining and Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, 1390 Eckles Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55108, United States
| | - Hongli Zheng
- MOE Biomass Energy Research Center and College of Food Science and Technology and State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, 235 East Nanjing Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, People's Republic of China.
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Alam MM, Mumtaz AS, Hallenbeck PC, Shah SA, Abidin SZU, Inam F. Morphological characterization, growth appraisal, and probing biofuels potential of newly isolated Scenedesmus sp. from desert Cholistan. Microsc Res Tech 2019; 82:2079-2088. [PMID: 31587425 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae have an excellent potential for producing valuable natural products, including biofuels. Therefore, it is imperative to explore and document the existing microalgal flora and utilize their potentials to cope the increasing human needs. The present work aims at exploring and characterizing newly isolated microalgae from desert Cholistan, a habitat with myriad algal diversity. Light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and molecular phylogenetic approaches were used for species-level identification. Characterization and growth optimization of Scendesmus sp. were analyzed under three different growth modes to determine the most favorable conditions for increasing biomass, growth rate, and lipid content. The results revealed that mixotrophic (MT) mode significantly increases photosynthetic activity, growth rate, and lipid content with glycerol as supplement carbon source. The investigated Scenedesmus dimorphous produced a maximum dry weight of 1.73 g L-1 , improved fatty acid methyl esters profile and yield lipid up to 40% of DCW (68 g L-1 ) under MT mode, which is almost double to that of photoautotrophic cultivation. The glycerol availability in medium has been identified as the critical element for boosting growth and lipid content. Thus, it can reduce the cost of biofuel production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Maqsood Alam
- Departement de microbiologie et immunologie, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Samad Mumtaz
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Patrick C Hallenbeck
- Departement de microbiologie et immunologie, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sayed Afzal Shah
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Shiekh Zain Ul Abidin
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, Mississippi
| | - Farooq Inam
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Kim M, Lee B, Kim HS, Nam K, Moon M, Oh HM, Chang YK. Increased biomass and lipid production of Ettlia sp. YC001 by optimized C and N sources in heterotrophic culture. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6830. [PMID: 31048751 PMCID: PMC6497641 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43366-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The culture conditions and media composition for the heterotrophic culture of an axenic strain of Ettlia sp. YC001 were firstly optimized using the Plackett-Burman design (PBD) and response surface methodology (RSM). The strain successfully showed higher productivity in the basal media without any light illumination at 32.2 to 33.3 °C. The PBD results showed that the most effective components for biomass productivity of Ettlia sp. were fructose and yeast extract for sources of C and N, respectively. The RSM results showed an optimal level of 72.2 g/L for fructose and 21.5 g/L for yeast extract, resulting in 46.1 g/L biomass with a lipid content of 13.8% over a course of 9 days. Using a 5 L scaled-up fermentation system for 6 days, the production of biomass and lipids was 7.21 g/L/day and 1.18 g/L/day, respectively. Consequently, heterotrophic cultivation of Ettlia sp. YC001 provided much higher production of biomass and lipids than those of autotrophic cultivation. As further research, the use of substitute substrates instead of fructose and yeast extract should be developed to reduce production costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minsik Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Bongsoo Lee
- Department of Microbial and Nano Materials, Mokwon University, 88 Doanbuk-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 35349, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Su Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Kibok Nam
- LG Chem, 30 Magokjungang 10-ro, Gangseo-gu, Seoul, 07796, Republic of Korea
| | - Myounghoon Moon
- Gwangju Bio/Energy R&D Center, Korea Institute of Energy Research (KIER), 270-25 Samso-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61003, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Mock Oh
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yong Keun Chang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea. .,Advanced Biomass R&D Center (ABC), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
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Zheng H, Wu X, Zou G, Zhou T, Liu Y, Ruan R. Cultivation of Chlorella vulgaris in manure-free piggery wastewater with high-strength ammonium for nutrients removal and biomass production: Effect of ammonium concentration, carbon/nitrogen ratio and pH. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 273:203-211. [PMID: 30447621 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Ammonia toxicity is a major disadvantage of microalgal growth when high-strength ammonium wastewaters like manure-free piggery wastewater (MFPW) were used as microalgal growth medium. In the present study, the effect of ammonium concentration, carbon/nitrogen ratio, and pH on ammonia toxicity of Chlorella vulgaris cultivated in the MFPW and nutrients removal was investigated. The three important parameters affected ammonia toxicity of C. vulgaris and nutrients removal of the MFPW significantly. The ammonium concentration of the MFPW could be decreased by air stripping. Microalga grew best at a carbon/nitrogen ratio of 25:1 with the maximum biomass concentration of 3.83 g L-1, the highest cell viability of 97%, and the removal of 100% ammonia, 95% of total phosphorus, and 99% of chemical oxygen demand. Ammonia toxicity was alleviated by pH control. The application of the established strategies can enhance nutrients removal of the MFPW while mitigating ammonia toxicity of C. vulgaris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Zheng
- MOE Biomass Energy Research Center and College of Food Science and Technology and State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, 235 East Nanjing Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaodan Wu
- MOE Biomass Energy Research Center and College of Food Science and Technology and State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, 235 East Nanjing Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, People's Republic of China
| | - Guyue Zou
- MOE Biomass Energy Research Center and College of Food Science and Technology and State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, 235 East Nanjing Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Zhou
- MOE Biomass Energy Research Center and College of Food Science and Technology and State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, 235 East Nanjing Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhuan Liu
- MOE Biomass Energy Research Center and College of Food Science and Technology and State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, 235 East Nanjing Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, People's Republic of China
| | - Roger Ruan
- MOE Biomass Energy Research Center and College of Food Science and Technology and State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, 235 East Nanjing Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, People's Republic of China; Center for Biorefining and Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, 1390 Eckles Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55108, United States
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7
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Rohit MV, Venkata Mohan S. Quantum Yield and Fatty Acid Profile Variations With Nutritional Mode During Microalgae Cultivation. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2018; 6:111. [PMID: 30320078 PMCID: PMC6167444 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2018.00111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Microalgae are gaining commercial interests in the areas food, feed and biofuel sector. They have intrinsic ability to harness energy from sunlight and photosynthetically valorize CO2 into various bio-based products viz., triacylglycerols (TAGs), mono/poly-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFA, PUFA), pigments etc. Microalgae have adapted to grow in various nutritional environments due to their metabolic versatility and resilience. Strategic evaluation of newly isolated strain Chlorella sp. from a residential lake was performed. The strain was investigated by varying the nutritional modes to gain insights into biomass and fatty acids production. Maximum biomass (3.59 g/L) was observed in mixotrophic condition followed by heterotrophic (1.58 g/L) and autotrophic condition (0.59 g/L). The maximum lipid yield (670 mg/g DCW) was observed in mixotrophic condition whereas maximum total lipid content (36%) was observed in heterotrophic condition. Significant correlation was noticed between fluorescence parameters measured by OJIP and non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) with the function of nutritional mode variations. Autotrophic condition showed higher photosynthetic activity which was well correlated with high fluorescence intensity as represented by OJIP, NPQ1, and NPQ2 curves. Good balance of saturated fatty acids (SFA) and unsaturated fatty acids was observed in autotrophic mode, whereas polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and mono unsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) content were relatively higher in mixotrophic and heterotrophic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. V. Rohit
- Bioengineering and Environmental Sciences Lab, EEFF Centre, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad, India
- Academy for Scientific and Industrial Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - S. Venkata Mohan
- Bioengineering and Environmental Sciences Lab, EEFF Centre, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad, India
- Academy for Scientific and Industrial Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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8
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Hoyer J, Cotta F, Diete A, Großmann J. Bioenergy from Microalgae - Vision or Reality? CHEMBIOENG REVIEWS 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cben.201800007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Hoyer
- GICON - Großmann Ingenieur Consult GmbH; Tiergartenstrasse 48 01219 Dresden Germany
| | - Fritz Cotta
- GICON - Großmann Ingenieur Consult GmbH; Tiergartenstrasse 48 01219 Dresden Germany
| | - Anja Diete
- GICON - Großmann Ingenieur Consult GmbH; Tiergartenstrasse 48 01219 Dresden Germany
| | - Jochen Großmann
- GICON - Großmann Ingenieur Consult GmbH; Tiergartenstrasse 48 01219 Dresden Germany
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Zheng H, Liu M, Lu Q, Wu X, Ma Y, Cheng Y, Addy M, Liu Y, Ruan R. Balancing carbon/nitrogen ratio to improve nutrients removal and algal biomass production in piggery and brewery wastewaters. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 249:479-486. [PMID: 29073558 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.10.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
To improve nutrients removal from wastewaters and enhance algal biomass production, piggery wastewater was mixed with brewery wastewaters. The results showed that it was a promising way to cultivate microalga in piggery and brewery wastewaters by balancing the carbon/nitrogen ratio. The optimal treatment condition for the mixed piggery-brewery wastewater using microalga was piggery wastewater mixed with brewery packaging wastewater by 1:5 at pH 7.0, resulting in carbon/nitrogen ratio of 7.9, with the biomass concentration of 2.85 g L-1, and the removal of 100% ammonia, 96% of total nitrogen, 90% of total phosphorus, and 93% of chemical oxygen demand. The application of the established strategies can enhance nutrient removal efficiency of the wastewaters while reducing microalgal biomass production costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Zheng
- MOE Biomass Energy Research Center and College of Food Science and Technology and State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Jiangxi 330047, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingzhi Liu
- MOE Biomass Energy Research Center and College of Food Science and Technology and State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Jiangxi 330047, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Lu
- Center for Biorefining and Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, 1390 Eckles Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55108, United States
| | - Xiaodan Wu
- MOE Biomass Energy Research Center and College of Food Science and Technology and State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Jiangxi 330047, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiwei Ma
- Center for Biorefining and Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, 1390 Eckles Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55108, United States
| | - Yanling Cheng
- Biochemical Engineering College, Beijing Union University, No. 18, Fatouxili 3 Area, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100023, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Addy
- Center for Biorefining and Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, 1390 Eckles Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55108, United States
| | - Yuhuan Liu
- MOE Biomass Energy Research Center and College of Food Science and Technology and State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Jiangxi 330047, People's Republic of China
| | - Roger Ruan
- MOE Biomass Energy Research Center and College of Food Science and Technology and State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Jiangxi 330047, People's Republic of China; Center for Biorefining and Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, 1390 Eckles Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55108, United States.
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Sun H, Zhao W, Mao X, Li Y, Wu T, Chen F. High-value biomass from microalgae production platforms: strategies and progress based on carbon metabolism and energy conversion. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2018; 11:227. [PMID: 30151055 PMCID: PMC6100726 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-018-1225-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae are capable of producing sustainable bioproducts and biofuels by using carbon dioxide or other carbon substances in various cultivation modes. It is of great significance to exploit microalgae for the economical viability of biofuels and the revenues from high-value bioproducts. However, the industrial performance of microalgae is still challenged with potential conflict between cost of microalgae cultivation and revenues from them, which is mainly ascribed to the lack of comprehensive understanding of carbon metabolism and energy conversion. In this review, we provide an overview of the recent advances in carbon and energy fluxes of light-dependent reaction, Calvin-Benson-Bassham cycle, tricarboxylic acid cycle, glycolysis pathway and processes of product biosynthesis in microalgae, with focus on the increased photosynthetic and carbon efficiencies. Recent strategies for the enhanced production of bioproducts and biofuels from microalgae are discussed in detail. Approaches to alter microbial physiology by controlling light, nutrient and other environmental conditions have the advantages of increasing biomass concentration and product yield through the efficient carbon conversion. Engineering strategies by regulating carbon partitioning and energy route are capable of improving the efficiencies of photosynthesis and carbon conversion, which consequently realize high-value biomass. The coordination of carbon and energy fluxes is emerging as the potential strategy to increase efficiency of carbon fixation and product biosynthesis. To achieve more desirable high-value products, coordination of multi-stage cultivation with engineering and stress-based strategies occupies significant positions in a long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Sun
- Institute for Food & Bioresource Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China
- BIC-ESAT, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China
| | - Weiyang Zhao
- Institute for Food & Bioresource Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China
- BIC-ESAT, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China
| | - Xuemei Mao
- Institute for Food & Bioresource Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China
- BIC-ESAT, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China
| | - Yuelian Li
- Institute for Food & Bioresource Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China
- BIC-ESAT, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China
| | - Tao Wu
- Institute for Food & Bioresource Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China
- BIC-ESAT, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China
| | - Feng Chen
- Institute for Food & Bioresource Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China
- BIC-ESAT, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China
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Hoyer J, Cotta F, Diete A, Großmann J. Bioenergie aus Mikroalgen - Vision oder Wirklichkeit? CHEM-ING-TECH 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.201700085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Hoyer
- GICON - Großmann Ingenieur Consult GmbH; Greppiner Straße 6 06766 Bitterfeld-Wolfen Deutschland
| | - Fritz Cotta
- GICON - Großmann Ingenieur Consult GmbH; Greppiner Straße 6 06766 Bitterfeld-Wolfen Deutschland
| | - Anja Diete
- GICON - Großmann Ingenieur Consult GmbH; Greppiner Straße 6 06766 Bitterfeld-Wolfen Deutschland
| | - Jochen Großmann
- GICON - Großmann Ingenieur Consult GmbH; Tiergartenstraße 48 01219 Dresden Deutschland
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12
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Maurya R, Paliwal C, Ghosh T, Pancha I, Chokshi K, Mitra M, Ghosh A, Mishra S. Applications of de-oiled microalgal biomass towards development of sustainable biorefinery. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 214:787-796. [PMID: 27161655 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.04.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Revised: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In view of commercialization of microalgal biofuel, the de-oiled microalgal biomass (DMB) is a surplus by-product in the biorefinery process that needs to be exploited to make the process economically attractive and feasible. This DMB, rich in carbohydrates, proteins, and minerals, can be used as feed, fertilizer, and substrate for the production of bioethanol/bio-methane. Further, thermo-chemical conversion of DMB results into fuels and industrially important chemicals. Future prospects of DMB also lie with its conversion into novel biomaterials like nanoparticles and carbon-dot which have biomedical importance. The lowest valued application of DMB is to use it for adsorption of dyes and heavy metals from industrial effluents. This study reviews how DMB can be utilized for different applications and in the generation of valuable co-products. The value addition of DMB would thereby improve the overall cost economics of the microalgal bio-refinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahulkumar Maurya
- Division of Salt & Marine Chemicals, CSIR - Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G B Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, Gujarat, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR - Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G B Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, Gujarat, India
| | - Chetan Paliwal
- Division of Salt & Marine Chemicals, CSIR - Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G B Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, Gujarat, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR - Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G B Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, Gujarat, India
| | - Tonmoy Ghosh
- Division of Salt & Marine Chemicals, CSIR - Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G B Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, Gujarat, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR - Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G B Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, Gujarat, India
| | - Imran Pancha
- Division of Salt & Marine Chemicals, CSIR - Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G B Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, Gujarat, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR - Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G B Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, Gujarat, India
| | - Kaumeel Chokshi
- Division of Salt & Marine Chemicals, CSIR - Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G B Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, Gujarat, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR - Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G B Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, Gujarat, India
| | - Madhusree Mitra
- Division of Salt & Marine Chemicals, CSIR - Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G B Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, Gujarat, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR - Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G B Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, Gujarat, India
| | - Arup Ghosh
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR - Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G B Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, Gujarat, India; Division of Plant Omics, CSIR - Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G B Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, Gujarat, India
| | - Sandhya Mishra
- Division of Salt & Marine Chemicals, CSIR - Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G B Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, Gujarat, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR - Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G B Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, Gujarat, India.
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13
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Enhanced Harvesting of Chlorella vulgaris Using Combined Flocculants. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2016; 180:791-804. [PMID: 27206558 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-016-2133-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a novel flocculation strategy for harvesting Chlorella vulgaris with combined flocculants, poly (γ-glutamic acid) (γ-PGA) and calcium oxide (CaO), has been developed. The effect of flocculant dosage, the order of flocculant addition, mixing speed, and growth stage on the harvesting efficiency was evaluated. Results showed that the flocculation using combined flocculants significantly decreases the flocculant dosage and settling time compared with control. It was also found that CaO and γ-PGA influenced microalgal flocculation by changing the zeta potential of cells and pH of microalgal suspension. The most suitable order of flocculant addition was CaO first and then γ-PGA. The optimal mixing speed was 200 rpm for 0.5 min, followed by 50 rpm for another 4.5 min for CaO and γ-PGA with the highest flocculation efficiency of 95 % and a concentration factor of 35.5. The biomass concentration and lipid yield of the culture reusing the flocculated medium were similar to those when a fresh medium was used. Overall, the proposed method requires low energy input, alleviates biomass and water contamination, and reduces utilization of water resources and is feasible for harvesting C. vulgaris for biofuel and other bio-based chemical production.
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