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Kang H, Lee UJ, Park BY, Kim M, Yang M. Effects of deep ocean-derived magnesium-enhanced water on metabolic diseases with microbiome changes. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2025; 19:103203. [PMID: 39947040 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2025.103203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2024] [Revised: 02/01/2025] [Accepted: 02/05/2025] [Indexed: 03/30/2025]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the effects of magnesium (Mg) from deep ocean sources, we conducted a randomized clinical trial involving adults with hypertension, diabetes, or hyperlipidemia. METHODS Subjects consumed either Mg-enriched water (MEW) or a placebo (80 or 6 mg of Mg per 2 L/day, respectively) for 4 weeks. We examined the detoxifying effects of MEW on environmental toxicants, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and oxidative stress, and its impact on gut microbiome composition (N = 30; 49.26 ± 9.55 yrs). RESULTS Most subjects consumed less Mg than the RDA, enabling their participation in the trial. Despite limitations in serum Mg measurement to assess Mg intake, MEW intake led to improvements in body mass index (BMI), insulin levels, triglycerides, glucose-BMI, and fatigue. Regardless of Mg content, water consumption reduced urinary levels of 1-hydroxypyrene, a major PAH metabolite, and malondialdehyde, an oxidative stress biomarker. Moreover, the MEW group exhibited greater diversity in gut microbiome composition than the placebo group. Notably, MEW kept the abundance of Clostridium, Dorea, or Desulfovibrio, indicating a balanced Mg intake. CONCLUSION MEW (80 mg of Mg/day) appears safe for RDA and effective for preventing CVD or T2DM, as evidenced by gut microbiome and biomarker outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiwon Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 04310, South Korea
| | - Un Jae Lee
- Goodbeing Center, Co. Ltd., Seoul, 04310, South Korea
| | - Bum Yong Park
- Food Cure & Research Foundation, Goesan-gun, 15845, South Korea
| | - Minju Kim
- College of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju, 61452, South Korea
| | - Mihi Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 04310, South Korea; Goodbeing Center, Co. Ltd., Seoul, 04310, South Korea.
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Li X, Xu J. Correlation of Apo B/A1 ratio with hemodynamics and hearing impairment degree in elderly patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Heliyon 2024; 10:e34100. [PMID: 39100471 PMCID: PMC11296018 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the correlation of apolipoprotein B/A1 (Apo B/A1) ratio with hemodynamics and degree of hearing impairment in elderly patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL). Methods A total of 82 elderly patients with SSNHL diagnosed and treated in our hospital from July 2019 to September 2022 were retrospectively selected as the research group. The patients were divided into the mild group (22 cases), the moderate group (45 cases), and the severe group (15 cases) according to the degree of hearing impairment. 82 elderly people who underwent physical examination in our hospital during the same period were selected as the control group. The ApoB/A1 ratio and hemodynamic [whole blood low-shear viscosity (LSV), whole blood high-shear viscosity (HSV) and plasma viscosity (PV)] were measured in the two groups. The correlation of ApoB/A1 ratio with hemodynamics and degree of hearing impairment was analyzed. The predictive value of ApoB/A1 ratio and hemodynamics for the severity of SSNHL in elderly patients was analyzed. Results Compared with the control group, the ApoB/A1 ratio, and the levels of LSV, HSV and PV were higher in the research group (P < 0.001). The ApoB/A1 ratio and content of LSV, HSV and PV in the moderate group were significantly increased compared with these in the mild group (P < 0.05). Compared with the moderate group, the ApoB/A1 ratio and the levels of LSV, HSV and PV in the severe group were significantly increased (P < 0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that ApoB/A1 was positively correlated with LSV, HSV and PV (r = 0.303, 0.312, 0.228, P < 0.01). Logistic regression analysis showed that the ApoB/A1 ratio, LSV, HSV and PV levels were independent risk factors for the degree of hearing impairment in elderly patients with SSNHL (P < 0.05). The area under the curve (AUC) of ApoB/A1, LSV, HSV and PV for predicting the severity of SSNHL in elderly patients was 0.701, 0.817, 0.838, and 0.765, respectively. The AUC of combined prediction was 0.926, the sensitivity was 86.67 %, and the specificity was 90.06 %. The sensitivity and specificity of combined detection were higher than those of single detection. Conclusion The contents of ApoB/A1, HSV, LSV and PV were significantly increased in elderly patients with SSNHL, and their levels are significantly related to the degree of hearing impairment. The combined detection has high value in evaluating the severity of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingcheng Li
- Department of Otology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, PR China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Otology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, PR China
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Nacarelli GS, Fasolino T, Davis S. Dietary, macronutrient, micronutrient, and nutrigenetic factors impacting cardiovascular risk markers apolipoprotein B and apolipoprotein A1: a narrative review. Nutr Rev 2024; 82:949-962. [PMID: 37615981 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuad102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic predisposition and dietary factors can impact cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Two important markers in assessing CVD risk are apolipoprotein (apo) B and apolipoprotein A1 plasma levels. These markers are measured as a ratio, with a high apoB:apoA1 ratio associated with increased CVD risk. Dietary and lifestyle recommendations are the cornerstone of managing primary and secondary CVD risk-mitigation strategies. One way to assess the impact of various dietary and lifestyle interventions on CVD risk is to evaluate the changes in CVD risk markers, such as apoB, apoA1, and apoB:apoA1 ratio. Various human studies have demonstrated the impact of dietary, macronutrient, and micronutrient interventions on apoB and apoA1 status. This review aims to elucidate dietary, macronutrient, micronutrient, and nutrigenetic considerations for impacting apoB and apoA1 levels. A low-carbohydrate, high-saturated-fat diet, low fiber intake, low vitamin and mineral intake, and zinc and iron deficiency are associated with an elevated apoB:apoA1 ratio. The Mediterranean diet, vegan diet, fermented dairy products, lower sugar intake, higher protein intake, higher polyunsaturated fat intake, and an omega-3-rich diet are associated with a decreased apoB:apoA1 ratio. Micronutrients associated with a decreased apoB:apoA1 ratio include vitamin D sufficiency, increased serum vitamin C, and magnesium. Variants in the APOE, APOA1, and FADS2 genes may alter the apoB:apoA1 ratio in response to various dietary interventions. When accounting for factors that may favorably alter the apoB:apoA1 ratio, researchers should consider a healthy diet sufficient in polyunsaturated fats, vitamins, minerals, trace minerals, and lower excess sugars.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tracy Fasolino
- Clemson School of Nursing, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA
| | - Stephanie Davis
- Clemson School of Nursing, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA
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Tian M, Hu T, Ying J, Cui H, Huangfu N. Increased selenium and decreased iron levels in relation to risk of coronary artery disease in patients with diabetes. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1103330. [PMID: 37275636 PMCID: PMC10233138 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1103330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Observational studies have reported inconsistent associations between micronutrient levels and the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) in diabetic patients. We aim to explore the causal association between genetically predicted concentrations of micronutrients (phosphorus, magnesium, selenium, iron, zinc, and copper) and CAD in patients with diabetes. Methods Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) connected to serum micronutrient levels were extracted from the corresponding published genome-wide association studies (GWASs). Summary-level statistics for CAD in diabetic patients were obtained from a GWAS of 15,666 patients with diabetes. The primary analysis was carried out with the inverse variance weighted approach, and sensitivity analyses using other statistical methods were further employed to assess the robustness of the results. Results Genetically predicted selenium level was causally associated with a higher risk of CAD in diabetic patients (odds ratio [OR]: 1.25; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.10-1.42; p = 5.01 × 10-4). While, genetically predicted iron concentrations in patients with diabetes were inversely associated with the risk of CAD (OR: 0.82; 95% CI: 0.75-0.90; p = 2.16 × 10-5). The association pattern kept robust in most sensitivity analyses. Nominally significant associations were observed for magnesium and copper with the risk of CAD in patients with diabetes. No consistent evidence was found for the causal associations between phosphorus and zinc levels, and the risk of CAD in patients with diabetes. Conclusion We provide consistent evidence for the causal effect of increased selenium and decreased iron levels on CAD in patients with diabetes, highlighting the necessity of micronutrient monitoring and application in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyun Tian
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Teng Hu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Medical Research Center of Ningbo, Ningbo, China
| | - Jiajun Ying
- Department of Cardiology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Atherosclerotic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, China
| | - Hanbin Cui
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Medical Research Center of Ningbo, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Atherosclerotic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, China
| | - Ning Huangfu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Medical Research Center of Ningbo, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Atherosclerotic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, China
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Liao M, Bai L, He L, Wang R, Liu Y, Liu L, Qi B. Associations of serum calcium/magnesium ratios with coronary artery disease in diabetes: a cross-sectional study. Postgrad Med 2023; 135:72-78. [PMID: 36205093 DOI: 10.1080/00325481.2022.2133494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The early detection of coronary artery disease (CAD) in diabetes mellitus is a major clinical difficulty. The purpose of this paper is to find out a convenient and economical index to help to screen for patients with CAD in diabetes mellitus. METHOD From January 2019 to December 2019, a total of 1028 patients hospitalized in the general department of our hospital have been enrolled in our cross-sectional study, of which 190 were diagnosed with CAD and 314 with diabetes. Differences of various factors between the CAD group and the non-CAD group were analyzed. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and the area under the curve (AUC) were used to evaluate the efficacy of each factor in predicting CAD. The correlation between calcium/magnesium (Ca/Mg) ratio and the prevalence of CAD in diabetic and non-diabetic people was compared, and the cutoff of Ca/Mg ratio to predict the risk of CAD in diabetic patients was calculated. RESULTS Logistic regression analysis showed that serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, calcium, magnesium, Ca/Mg ratio, hypertension, diabetes, and smoking history were all associated with CAD. Among them, the AUC value of Ca/Mg ratio was the highest of 0.70. Furthermore, in diabetes patients, the AUC value of Ca/Mg ratio to predict the risk of CAD was 0.72, the cutoff was 2.55, the sensitivity was 77.1%, and the specificity was 53.7%. The prevalence rate of CAD was 18.5% below the cutoff, 46.9% higher than the cutoff, and the prevalence rate increased by 153.5%. CONCLUSION The Ca/Mg ratio is a good predictor of the risk of CAD in diabetes, higher than the cutoff, the prevalence rate was significantly increased.PLA IN LANGUAGE SUMMARYCAD brings great pain and burden to patient. However, CAD is asymptomatic in quiet a few cases of type 2 diabetes until myocardial infarction or sudden cardiac death occurs. In this study, we explored the association between CAD and various serum factor. We found that the Ca/Mg ratio is of excellent value in screening CAD, especially in diabetes. Moreover, we found that the cutoff of Ca/Mg ratio was 2.55 in diabetic population and the prevalence rate of CAD was 18.5% below the cutoff, 46.9% higher than the cutoff. The Ca/Mg ratio will provide good prediction of the risk of CAD and make early detection easier in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Liao
- Department of Geriatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Jianghan District, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Lijuan Bai
- Department of Geriatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Jianghan District, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Linfeng He
- Department of Geriatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Jianghan District, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Ruiyun Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Jianghan District, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yun Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Jianghan District, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Lihua Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Jianghan District, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Benling Qi
- Department of Geriatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Jianghan District, Wuhan 430022, China
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Zhao YS, Li JY, Li ZC, Wang LL, Gan CL, Chen J, Jiang SY, Aschner M, Ou SY, Jiang YM. Sodium Para-aminosalicylic Acid Inhibits Lead-Induced Neuroinflammation in Brain Cortex of Rats by Modulating SIRT1/HMGB1/NF-κB Pathway. Neurochem Res 2023; 48:238-249. [PMID: 36063295 PMCID: PMC9825627 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03739-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is considered to be a major environmental pollutant and occupational health hazard worldwide which may lead to neuroinflammation. However, an effective treatment for Pb-induced neuroinflammation remains elusive. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanisms of Pb-induced neuroinflammation, and the therapeutic effect of sodium para-aminosalicylic acid (PAS-Na, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug) in rat cerebral cortex. The results indicated that Pb exposure induced pathological damage in cerebral cortex, accompanied by increased levels of inflammatory factors tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β). Moreover, Pb decreased the expression of silencing information regulator 2 related enzyme 1 (SIRT1) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and increased the levels of high mobile group box 1 (HMGB1) expression and p65 nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) phosphorylation. PAS-Na treatment ameliorated Pb-induced histopathological changes in rat cerebral cortex. Moreover, PAS-Na reduced the Pb-induced increase of TNF-α and IL-1β levels concomitant with a significant increase in SIRT1 and BDNF levels, and a decrease in HMGB1 and the phosphorylation of p65 NF-κB expression. Thus, PAS-Na may exert anti-inflammatory effects by mediating the SIRT1/HMGB1/NF-κB pathway and BDNF expression. In conclusion, in this novel study PAS-Na was shown to possess an anti-inflammatory effect on cortical neuroinflammation, establishing its efficacy as a potential treatment for Pb exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Song Zhao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, No. 22, Shuang-yong Rd., Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jun-Yan Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, No. 22, Shuang-yong Rd., Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- Hengyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hengyang, China
| | - Zhao-Cong Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, No. 22, Shuang-yong Rd., Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Lei-Lei Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, No. 22, Shuang-yong Rd., Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Cui-Liu Gan
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, No. 22, Shuang-yong Rd., Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, No. 22, Shuang-yong Rd., Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Si-Yang Jiang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, No. 22, Shuang-yong Rd., Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Shi-Yan Ou
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, No. 22, Shuang-yong Rd., Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
| | - Yue-Ming Jiang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, No. 22, Shuang-yong Rd., Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
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Zhu QF, Lu LL, Fang YY, Wu J, Huang ZY, Zheng XW, Song HX, Aschner M, Song C, Jiang YM. Methylcyclopentadienyl Manganese Tricarbonyl Alter Behavior and Cause Ultrastructural Changes in the Substantia Nigra of Rats: Comparison with Inorganic Manganese Chloride. Neurochem Res 2022; 47:2198-2210. [PMID: 35513760 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03606-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The antiknock additive methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl (MMT) is an organic manganese(Mn) compound. Mn neurotoxicity caused by occupational Mn exposure (mostly inorganic MnCl2) is associated with motor and cognitive disturbances, referred to as Manganism. However, the impact of environmentally relevant Mn exposure on MMT-induced Manganism is poorly understood. In this investigation, we studied the effects of MMT on motor function and brain structure, and compared its effects with those of inorganic MnCl2. After adaptive feeding for 7 days, male and female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats in the MMT-treated groups and positive control group were treated for 8 weeks with MMT (1, 2 and 4 mg/kg/i.g.) or MnCl2·4H2O (200 mg/kg/i.g.). Mn content in blood, liver, spleen and distinct brain regions was determined by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer (ICP-MS). We found that MMT and MnCl2 exposure led to slower body-weight-gain in female rats, impaired motor and balance function and spatial learning and memory both in male and female rats. HE staining showed that MMT and MnCl2 led to altered structure of the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc), and Nissl staining corroborated MMT's propensity to damage the SNpc both in male and female rat. In addition, Immunostaining of the SNpc showed decreased TH-positive neurons in MMT- and MnCl2-treated rats, concomitant with Iba1 activation in microglia. Moreover, no statistically significant difference was noted between the rats in the H-MMT and MnCl2 groups. In summary, these findings suggest that MMT and MnCl2 exposure cause ultrastructural changes in the SNpc neurons culminating in altered motor behavior and cognition, suggesting that altered SNpc structure and function may underline the motor and cognitive deficits inherent to Manganism, and accounting for MMT and MnCl2's manifestations of atypical parkinsonism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Feng Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530011, China
- Department of Centre for Translational Medical Research in Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 10, Hua-dong Rd., Nanning, 530011, Guangxi, China
| | - Li-Li Lu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, No. 22, Shuang-yong Rd., Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Fang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, No. 22, Shuang-yong Rd., Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jie Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, the First Institute of Clinical Medicine Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Zhao-Ying Huang
- Department of Neurology, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530011, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Zheng
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, No. 22, Shuang-yong Rd., Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Han-Xiao Song
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, No. 22, Shuang-yong Rd., Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Ce Song
- Department of Centre for Translational Medical Research in Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 10, Hua-dong Rd., Nanning, 530011, Guangxi, China.
| | - Yue-Ming Jiang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, No. 22, Shuang-yong Rd., Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
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