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Sirajudeen F, Malhab LJB, Bustanji Y, Shahwan M, Alzoubi KH, Semreen MH, Taneera J, El-Huneidi W, Abu-Gharbieh E. Exploring the Potential of Rosemary Derived Compounds (Rosmarinic and Carnosic Acids) as Cancer Therapeutics: Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2024; 32:38-55. [PMID: 38148552 PMCID: PMC10762267 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2023.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a global health challenge with high morbidity and mortality rates. However, conventional cancer treatment methods often have severe side effects and limited success rates. In the last decade, extensive research has been conducted to develop safe, and efficient alternative treatments that do not have the limitations of existing anticancer medicines. Plant-derived compounds have shown promise in cancer treatment for their anti-carcinogenic and anti-proliferative properties. Rosmarinic acid (RA) and carnosic acid (CA) are potent polyphenolic compounds found in rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) extract. They have been extensively studied for their biological properties, which include anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer activities. In addition, RA and CA have demonstrated effective anti-proliferative properties against various cancers, making them promising targets for extensive research to develop candidate or leading compounds for cancer treatment. This review discusses and summarizes the anti-tumor effect of RA and CA against various cancers and highlights the involved biochemical and mechanistic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fazila Sirajudeen
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Lara J. Bou Malhab
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Yasser Bustanji
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Moyad Shahwan
- Centre of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman 346, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman 346, United Arab Emirates
| | - Karem H. Alzoubi
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammad H. Semreen
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Jalal Taneera
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Waseem El-Huneidi
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Eman Abu-Gharbieh
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
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Jantas D, Warszyński P, Lasoń W. Carnosic Acid Shows Higher Neuroprotective Efficiency than Edaravone or Ebselen in In Vitro Models of Neuronal Cell Damage. Molecules 2023; 29:119. [PMID: 38202702 PMCID: PMC10779571 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This study compared the neuroprotective efficacy of three antioxidants-the plant-derived carnosic acid (CA), and two synthetic free radical scavengers: edaravone (ED) and ebselen (EB)-in in vitro models of neuronal cell damage. Results showed that CA protected mouse primary neuronal cell cultures against hydrogen peroxide-induced damage more efficiently than ED or EB. The neuroprotective effects of CA were associated with attenuation of reactive oxygen species level and increased mitochondrial membrane potential but not with a reduction in caspase-3 activity. None of the tested substances was protective against glutamate or oxygen-glucose deprivation-evoked neuronal cell damage, and EB even increased the detrimental effects of these insults. Further experiments using the human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells showed that CA but not ED or EB attenuated the cell damage induced by hydrogen peroxide and that the composition of culture medium is the critical factor in evaluating neuroprotective effects in this model. Our data indicate that the neuroprotective potential of CA, ED, and EB may be revealed in vitro only under specific conditions, with their rather narrow micromolar concentrations, relevant cellular model, type of toxic agent, and exposure time. Nevertheless, of the three compounds tested, CA displayed the most consistent neuroprotective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danuta Jantas
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Experimental Neuroendocrinology, 31-343 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Piotr Warszyński
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 30-239 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Władysław Lasoń
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Experimental Neuroendocrinology, 31-343 Krakow, Poland;
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Coccini T, Schicchi A, Locatelli CA, Caloni F, Negri S, Grignani E, De Simone U. Methylglyoxal-induced neurotoxic effects in primary neuronal-like cells transdifferentiated from human mesenchymal stem cells: Impact of low concentrations. J Appl Toxicol 2023; 43:1819-1839. [PMID: 37431083 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
In the last decades, advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) have aroused the interest of the scientific community due to the increasing evidence of their involvement in many pathophysiological processes including various neurological disorders and cognitive decline age related. Methylglyoxal (MG) is one of the reactive dicarbonyl precursors of AGEs, mainly generated as a by-product of glycolysis, whose accumulation induces neurotoxicity. In our study, MG cytotoxicity was evaluated employing a human stem cell-derived model, namely, neuron-like cells (hNLCs) transdifferentiated from mesenchymal stem/stromal cells, which served as a source of human based species-specific "healthy" cells. MG increased ROS production and induced the first characteristic apoptotic hallmarks already at low concentrations (≥10 μM), decreased the cell growth (≥5-10 μM) and viability (≥25 μM), altered Glo-1 and Glo-2 enzymes (≥25 μM), and markedly affected the neuronal markers MAP-2 and NSE causing their loss at low MG concentrations (≥10 μM). Morphological alterations started at 100 μM, followed by even more marked effects and cell death after few hours (5 h) from 200 μM MG addition. Substantially, most effects occurred as low as 10 μM, concentration much lower than that reported from previous observations using different in vitro cell-based models (e.g., human neuroblastoma cell lines, primary animal cells, and human iPSCs). Remarkably, this low effective concentration approaches the level range measured in biological samples of pathological subjects. The use of a suitable cellular model, that is, human primary neurons, can provide an additional valuable tool, mimicking better the physiological and biochemical properties of brain cells, in order to evaluate the mechanistic basis of molecular and cellular alterations in CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Coccini
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Toxicology, and Pavia Poison Centre-National Toxicology Information Centre, Toxicology Unit, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | - Azzurra Schicchi
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Toxicology, and Pavia Poison Centre-National Toxicology Information Centre, Toxicology Unit, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | - Carlo Alessandro Locatelli
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Toxicology, and Pavia Poison Centre-National Toxicology Information Centre, Toxicology Unit, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesca Caloni
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Politiche Ambientali (ESP), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Negri
- Environmental Research Center, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | - Elena Grignani
- Environmental Research Center, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | - Uliana De Simone
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Toxicology, and Pavia Poison Centre-National Toxicology Information Centre, Toxicology Unit, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
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Dubinin MV, Sharapov VA, Semenova AA, Parfenova LV, Ilzorkina AI, Khoroshavina EI, Belosludtseva NV, Gudkov SV, Belosludtsev KN. Effect of Modified Levopimaric Acid Diene Adducts on Mitochondrial and Liposome Membranes. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:866. [PMID: 36135884 PMCID: PMC9503697 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12090866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This paper demonstrates the membranotropic effect of modified levopimaric acid diene adducts on liver mitochondria and lecithin liposomes. We found that the derivatives dose-dependently reduced the efficiency of oxidative phosphorylation of mitochondria due to inhibition of the activity of complexes III and IV of the respiratory chain and protonophore action. This was accompanied by a decrease in the membrane potential in the case of organelle energization both by glutamate/malate (complex I substrates) and succinate (complex II substrate). Compounds 1 and 2 reduced the generation of H2O2 by mitochondria, while compound 3 exhibited a pronounced antioxidant effect on glutamate/malate-driven respiration and, on the other hand, caused ROS overproduction when organelles are energized with succinate. All tested compounds exhibited surface-active properties, reducing the fluidity of mitochondrial membranes and contributing to nonspecific permeabilization of the lipid bilayer of mitochondrial membranes and swelling of the organelles. Modified levopimaric acid diene adducts also induced nonspecific permeabilization of unilamellar lecithin liposomes, which confirmed their membranotropic properties. We discuss the mechanisms of action of the tested compounds on the mitochondrial OXPHOS system and the state of the lipid bilayer of membranes, as well as the prospects for the use of new modified levopimaric acid diene adducts in medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail V. Dubinin
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell Biology and Microbiology, Mari State University, pl. Lenina 1, 424001 Yoshkar-Ola, Russia
| | - Vyacheslav A. Sharapov
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell Biology and Microbiology, Mari State University, pl. Lenina 1, 424001 Yoshkar-Ola, Russia
| | - Alena A. Semenova
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell Biology and Microbiology, Mari State University, pl. Lenina 1, 424001 Yoshkar-Ola, Russia
| | - Lyudmila V. Parfenova
- Institute of Petrochemistry and Catalysis, Ufa Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Oktyabrya 141, 450075 Ufa, Russia
| | - Anna I. Ilzorkina
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya 3, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
| | - Ekaterina I. Khoroshavina
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell Biology and Microbiology, Mari State University, pl. Lenina 1, 424001 Yoshkar-Ola, Russia
| | - Natalia V. Belosludtseva
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya 3, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
| | - Sergey V. Gudkov
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov St. 38, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Konstantin N. Belosludtsev
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell Biology and Microbiology, Mari State University, pl. Lenina 1, 424001 Yoshkar-Ola, Russia
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya 3, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
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Multi-Target Effects of ß-Caryophyllene and Carnosic Acid at the Crossroads of Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Neurodegeneration: From Oxidative Stress to Microglia-Mediated Neuroinflammation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11061199. [PMID: 35740096 PMCID: PMC9220155 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11061199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation and oxidative stress are interlinked and interdependent processes involved in many chronic diseases, including neurodegeneration, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. Therefore, targeting inflammatory pathways may represent a potential therapeutic strategy. Emerging evidence indicates that many phytochemicals extracted from edible plants have the potential to ameliorate the disease phenotypes. In this scenario, ß-caryophyllene (BCP), a bicyclic sesquiterpene, and carnosic acid (CA), an ortho-diphenolic diterpene, were demonstrated to exhibit anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities, as well as neuroprotective and mitoprotective effects in different in vitro and in vivo models. BCP essentially promotes its effects by acting as a selective agonist and allosteric modulator of cannabinoid type-2 receptor (CB2R). CA is a pro-electrophilic compound that, in response to oxidation, is converted to its electrophilic form. This can interact and activate the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE transcription pathway, triggering the synthesis of endogenous antioxidant “phase 2” enzymes. However, given the nature of its chemical structure, CA also exhibits direct antioxidant effects. BCP and CA can readily cross the BBB and accumulate in brain regions, giving rise to neuroprotective effects by preventing mitochondrial dysfunction and inhibiting activated microglia, substantially through the activation of pro-survival signalling pathways, including regulation of apoptosis and autophagy, and molecular mechanisms related to mitochondrial quality control. Findings from different in vitro/in vivo experimental models of Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease reported the beneficial effects of both compounds, suggesting that their use in treatments may be a promising strategy in the management of neurodegenerative diseases aimed at maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis and ameliorating glia-mediated neuroinflammation.
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da Silva Navarro SM, de Almeida FJS, Luckachaki MD, de Oliveira MR. Sesamol prevents mitochondrial impairment and pro-inflammatory alterations in the human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells: role for Nrf2. Metab Brain Dis 2022; 37:607-617. [PMID: 35000053 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-021-00875-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are a primary source and a target of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Increased mitochondrial production of ROS is associated with bioenergetics decline, cell death, and inflammation. Here we investigated whether a pretreatment (for 24 h) with sesamol (SES; at 12.5-50 µM) would be efficient in preventing the mitochondrial collapse induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2, at 300 µM) in the human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell line. We have found that a pretreatment with SES at 25 µM decreased the effects of H2O2 on lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation, and protein nitration in membranes obtained from the mitochondria isolated from the SH-SY5Y cells. In this regard, SES pretreatment decreased the production of superoxide anion radical (O2-•) by the mitochondria of H2O2-treated cells. SES also prevented the mitochondrial dysfunction induced by H2O2, as assessed by analyzing the activity of the complexes I and V. The H2O2-induced reduction in the production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) was also prevented by SES. The levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), as well as the activity of the transcription factor nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) were downregulated by the SES pretreatment in the H2O2-challenged cells. Silencing of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) transcription factor abolished the protection induced by SES regarding mitochondrial function and inflammation. Thus, SES depends on Nrf2 to promote mitochondrial protection in cells facing redox impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sônia Mendes da Silva Navarro
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas E da Terra (ICET), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa, 2367, Cuiaba, MT, CEP 78060-900, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Química (PPGQ), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiabá, MT, Brazil
| | | | - Matheus Dargesso Luckachaki
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas E da Terra (ICET), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa, 2367, Cuiaba, MT, CEP 78060-900, Brazil
| | - Marcos Roberto de Oliveira
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas E da Terra (ICET), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa, 2367, Cuiaba, MT, CEP 78060-900, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Química (PPGQ), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiabá, MT, Brazil.
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Mitochondrial Protection and Anti-inflammatory Effects Induced by Emodin in the Human Neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y Cells Exposed to Hydrogen Peroxide: Involvement of the AMPK/Nrf2 Signaling Pathway. Neurochem Res 2020; 46:482-493. [PMID: 33219897 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-020-03181-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Emodin (EM; 1,3,8-trihydroxy-6-methylanthracene-9,10-dione; C15H10O5) is an anthraquinone and exerts cytoprotective effects, as observed in both in vitro and in vivo experimental models. Mitochondrial dysfunction induced by reactive species plays a central role in the onset and progression of different human diseases. Thus, we have tested here whether a pretreatment (for 4 h) with EM (at 40 µM) would be able to promote mitochondrial protection in the human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells exposed to the pro-oxidant agent hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). We found that the pretreatment with EM suppressed the effects of H2O2 on the activity of the mitochondrial complexes I and V, as well as on the production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and on the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). EM also prevented the H2O2-induced collapse in the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) function. An anti-inflammatory role for EM was also observed in this experimental model, since this anthraquinone decreased the secretion of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) by the H2O2-challenged cells. Inhibition of the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) or silencing of the transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) abolished the protection induced by EM in the H2O2-treated cells. Therefore, EM prevented the H2O2-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and pro-inflammatory state in the SH-SY5Y cells by an AMPK/Nrf2-dependent manner.
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Protective Impact of Edaravone Against ZnO NPs-induced Oxidative Stress in the Human Neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y Cell Line. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2020; 42:1189-1210. [PMID: 33222098 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-020-01011-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Extensive applications of ZnO NPs (zinc oxide nanoparticles) in daily life have created concern about their biotoxicity. Zinc oxide nanoparticles induce oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in neurons. Edaravone applies antioxidant agent and anti-inflammatory impacts in the different cells, as evaluated in both in vitro and in vivo experimental models. This study is designed to explore, how edaravone would avert mitochondrial impairment in human neuronal cells against ZnO NPs-induced toxicity. Accordingly, we analyzed here whether a pretreatment (for 24 h) with edaravone (10-100 μM) would enhance mitochondrial protection in the human neuroblastoma cells SH-SY5Y against ZnO NPs-induced toxicity. We found that edaravone at 25 μM averted the ZnO NPs-induced decrease in the amounts of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), just as on the activity of the complexes I and V. Also, edaravone induced an antioxidant activity by diminishing the levels of lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation, and protein nitration in the mitochondrial membranes. Edaravone blocked the ZnO NPs-induced transcription factor nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) upregulation. The inhibition of the heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) enzyme by zinc protoporphyrin IX (ZnPP IX, 10 μM) smothered the preventive impacts brought about by edaravone with respect to mitochondrial function and inflammation. After this examination, it can be concluded that edaravone caused cytoprotective impacts in an HO-1-dependent manner in SH-SY5Y cells against ZnO NPs-induced toxicity.
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Rosemary extract reverses oxidative stress through activation of Nrf2 signaling pathway in hamsters fed on high fat diet and HepG2 cells. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.104136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
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Peng YX, Chen CZ, Luo D, Yu WJ, Li SP, Xiao Y, Yuan B, Liang S, Yao XR, Kim NH, Jiang H, Zhang JB. Carnosic acid improves porcine early embryonic development by inhibiting the accumulation of reactive oxygen species. J Reprod Dev 2020; 66:555-562. [PMID: 33055461 PMCID: PMC7768177 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2020-086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Carnosic acid (CA), a natural catechol rosin diterpene, is used as an additive in animal feeds and human foods. However, the effects of CA on mammalian reproductive processes, especially early embryonic development, are unclear. In this study, we added CA to parthenogenetically activated porcine embryos in an in vitro culture medium to explore the influence of CA on apoptosis, proliferation, blastocyst formation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, glutathione (GSH) levels, mitochondrial membrane potential, and embryonic development-related gene expression. The results showed that supplementation with 10 μM CA during in vitro culture significantly improved the cleavage rates, blastocyst formation rates, hatching rates, and total numbers of cells of parthenogenetically activated porcine embryos compared with no supplementation. More importantly, supplementation with CA also improved GSH levels and mitochondrial membrane potential, reduced natural ROS levels in blastomeres, upregulated Nanog, Sox2, Gata4, Cox2, Itga5, and Rictor expression, and downregulated Birc5 and Caspase3 expression. These results suggest that CA can improve early porcine embryonic development by regulating oxidative stress. This study elucidates the effects of CA on early embryonic development and their potential mechanisms, and provides new applications for improving the quality of in vitro-developed embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Xia Peng
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Cheng-Zhen Chen
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Dan Luo
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Wen-Jie Yu
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Sheng-Peng Li
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Yue Xiao
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Bao Yuan
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Shuang Liang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Xue-Rui Yao
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Hyung Kim
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, Jilin University, Jilin, China.,Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Hao Jiang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, Jilin University, Jilin, China.,Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Jia-Bao Zhang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, Jilin University, Jilin, China
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de Oliveira MR, de Souza ICC, Brasil FB. Promotion of Mitochondrial Protection by Emodin in Methylglyoxal-Treated Human Neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y Cells: Involvement of the AMPK/Nrf2/HO-1 Axis. Neurotox Res 2020; 39:292-304. [PMID: 32930996 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-020-00287-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is part of the mechanism of several human diseases. This negative circumstance may be induced by certain toxicants, as methylglyoxal (MG). MG is a reactive dicarbonyl presenting both endogenous and exogenous sources and is also able to induce protein cross-linking and glycation. Emodin (EM; 1,3,8-trihydroxy-6-methylanthracene-9,10-dione; C15H10O5) is a cytoprotective agent. Nonetheless, it was not previously demonstrated whether EM would be able to promote mitochondrial protection in cells challenged with MG. Therefore, we investigated here whether and how EM would prevent the MG-induced mitochondrial collapse in the human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. We found that a pretreatment (for 4 h) with EM at 40 μM prevented the MG-induced mitochondrial dysfunction (i.e., decreased activity of the complexes I and V, reduced adenosine triphosphate levels, and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential) in the SH-SY5Y cells. EM also prevented the redox impairment induced by MG in mitochondrial membranes. Inhibiting the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) or silencing of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), transcription factor abolished the EM-induced protection. Inhibition of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) also blocked the EM-induced mitochondrial protection. Therefore, EM protected the mitochondria by a mechanism dependent on the AMPK/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway in MG-challenged SH-SY5Y cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Roberto de Oliveira
- Grupo de Estudos em Neuroquímica e Neurobiologia de Moléculas Bioativas, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa, 2367, CEP, Cuiaba, MT, 78060-900, Brazil.
| | - Izabel Cristina Custódio de Souza
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção (PPGBBIO), Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos (CCQFA), Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Flávia Bittencourt Brasil
- Departamento de Ciências da Natureza, Campus Universitário de Rio das Ostras - Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Upregulation of OPA1 by carnosic acid is mediated through induction of IKKγ ubiquitination by parkin and protects against neurotoxicity. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 136:110942. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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13
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Fürstenau CR, de Souza ICC, de Oliveira MR. The effects of kahweol, a diterpene present in coffee, on the mitochondria of the human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells exposed to hydrogen peroxide. Toxicol In Vitro 2019; 61:104601. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2019.104601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Mitochondrial Protection Promoted by the Coffee Diterpene Kahweol in Methylglyoxal-Treated Human Neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y Cells. Neurotox Res 2019; 37:100-110. [PMID: 31494842 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-019-00107-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The coffee diterpene kahweol (KW; C20H26O3) is a cytoprotective agent exhibiting potent antioxidant actions, as demonstrated in several experimental models. In spite of the efforts to elucidate exactly how KW promotes cytoprotection, it was not previously examined whether KW would be able to protect mitochondria of human cells undergoing redox stress. In the present work, we have treated the human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell line with KW at 0.1-10 μM for 12 h prior to a challenge with methylglyoxal (MG), a reactive dicarbonyl that impairs mitochondrial function. We have found that KW at 10 μM suppressed the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and the bioenergetics decline (including decreased activity of the mitochondrial complexes I and V and reduced production of adenosine triphosphate, ATP) in the MG-treated SH-SY5Y cells. KW also prevented the MG-elicited generation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS, respectively) in the SH-SY5Y cells. In this regard, KW exerted an antioxidant effect on the membranes of mitochondria obtained from the MG-treated cells. The mitochondria-related effects induced by KW were blocked by inhibition of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt or of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways. Moreover, silencing of the transcription factor nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) suppressed the mitochondrial protection promoted by KW in the MG-challenged cells. Therefore, KW protected mitochondria by a mechanism associated with the PI3K/Akt and p38 MAPK/Nrf2 signaling pathways.
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Chenet AL, Duarte AR, de Almeida FJS, Andrade CMB, de Oliveira MR. Carvacrol Depends on Heme Oxygenase-1 (HO-1) to Exert Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, and Mitochondria-Related Protection in the Human Neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y Cells Line Exposed to Hydrogen Peroxide. Neurochem Res 2019; 44:884-896. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-019-02724-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Ma J, Li S, Zhu L, Guo S, Yi X, Cui T, He Y, Chang Y, Liu B, Li C, Jian Z. Baicalein protects human vitiligo melanocytes from oxidative stress through activation of NF-E2-related factor2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 129:492-503. [PMID: 30342186 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.10.421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 08/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Vitiligo is a complex disorder characterized by patchy loss of skin pigmentation due to abnormal melanocyte function. Overwhelming evidences have suggested that oxidative stress plays a major role in the loss of melanocytes thereby mediating the onset and progression of vitiligo. The nuclear factor erythroid 2-like factor 2 (Nrf2) is a master regulator of cellular redox homeostasis and the activation of Nrf2 signaling pathway is impaired in the vitiligo melanocytes. Baicalein, as flavonoid extracted from the Scutellaria baicalensis, has been proved to possess the ability to activate Nrf2 signaling pathway in other cell types and mouse model. Our previous data found that baicalein exerts a cytoprotective role in H2O2-induced apoptosis in human melanocytes cell line (PIG1). Based on these founding, we hypothesized that baicalein activates Nrf2 signaling pathway, alleviates H2O2-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and cellular damage, thereby protecting human vitiligo melanocytes from oxidative stress. In the present study, we found that baicalein effectively inhibited H2O2-induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis in human vitiligo melanocytes (PIG3V). Further results demonstrated that baicalein promoted Nrf2 nucleus translocation as well as up-regulated the expression of Nrf2 and its target gene, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). Moreover, the protective effects of baicalein against H2O2-induced cellular damage and apoptosis as well as mitochondrial dysfunction were abolished by Nrf2 knockdown. Additionally, we observed that Nrf2 knockdown suppressed proliferation and increased the sensitivity of PIG3V cells to H2O2 treatment. Finally, we explored the mechanism of baicalein associated with Nrf2 activation and found that the phosphorylation of Nrf2 as well as ERK1/2and PI3K/AKT signaling were not involved in the baicalein-induced activation of Nrf2. Taken together, these data clearly suggest that baicalein enhances cellular antioxidant defense capacity of human vitiligo melanocytes through the activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway, providing beneficial evidence for the application of baicalein in the vitiligo treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Ma
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 127 Changlexi Road, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shuli Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 127 Changlexi Road, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Longfei Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 127 Changlexi Road, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Sen Guo
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 127 Changlexi Road, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiuli Yi
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 127 Changlexi Road, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tingting Cui
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 127 Changlexi Road, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuanmin He
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 127 Changlexi Road, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuqian Chang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 127 Changlexi Road, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bangmin Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 127 Changlexi Road, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Chunying Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 127 Changlexi Road, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Zhe Jian
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 127 Changlexi Road, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi, China.
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de Oliveira MR. Carnosic Acid as a Promising Agent in Protecting Mitochondria of Brain Cells. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 55:6687-6699. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-017-0842-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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de Oliveira MR, Brasil FB, Fürstenau CR. Evaluation of the Mitochondria-Related Redox and Bioenergetics Effects of Gastrodin in SH-SY5Y Cells Exposed to Hydrogen Peroxide. J Mol Neurosci 2018; 64:242-251. [PMID: 29330687 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-018-1027-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrion is the main site of ATP production in animal cells and also orchestrates signaling pathways associated with cell survival and death. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been linked to bioenergetics and redox impairment in human diseases, such as neurodegeneration and cardiovascular disease. Protective agents able to attenuate mitochondrial impairment are of pharmacological interest. Gastrodin (GAS; 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol 4-O-beta-D-glucoside) is a phenolic glucoside obtained from the Chinese herbal medicine Gastrodia elata Blume and exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic effects in several cell types. GAS is able to cross the blood-brain barrier, reducing the impact of different stressors on the cognition of experimental animals. In the present work, we investigated whether GAS would protect mitochondria of human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells against an exposure to a pro-oxidant agent. The cells were treated with GAS at 25 μM for 30 min before the administration of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) at 300 μM for an additional 3 or 24 h, depending on the assay. We evaluated both mitochondrial redox state and function parameters and analyzed the mechanism by which GAS protected mitochondria in this experimental model. Silencing of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) transcription factor suppressed the GAS-induced mitochondrial protection seen here. Moreover, Nrf2 knockdown abrogated the effects of GAS on cell viability, indicating a potential role for Nrf2 in both mitochondrial and cellular protection promoted by GAS. Further research would be necessary to investigate whether GAS would be able to induce similar effects in in vivo experimental models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Roberto de Oliveira
- Department of Chemistry/ICET, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa, 2367, Cuiaba, MT, 78060-900, Brazil.
| | | | - Cristina Ribas Fürstenau
- Instituto de Genética e Bioquímica (INGEB), Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU), Patos de Minas, MG, Brazil
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dos Santos CM, Campos JF, dos Santos HF, Balestieri JBP, Silva DB, de Picoli Souza K, Carollo CA, Estevinho LM, dos Santos EL. Chemical Composition and Pharmacological Effects of Geopropolis Produced by Melipona quadrifasciata anthidioides. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:8320804. [PMID: 29213354 PMCID: PMC5682095 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8320804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Stingless bees produce geopropolis, which is popularly described for its medicinal properties, but for which few scientific studies have demonstrated pharmacological effects. The objective of this study was to investigate the chemical composition of the geopropolis of Melipona quadrifasciata anthidioides and to evaluate its antioxidant, antimutagenic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities. The composition of the hydroethanolic extract of geopropolis (HEG) included di- and trigalloyl and phenylpropanyl heteroside derivatives, flavanones, diterpenes, and triterpenes. HEG showed antioxidant action via the direct capture of free radicals and by inhibiting the levels of oxidative hemolysis and malondialdehyde in human erythrocytes under oxidative stress. HEG also reduced the frequency of gene conversion and the number of mutant colonies of S. cerevisiae. The anti-inflammatory action of HEG was demonstrated by the inhibition of hyaluronidase enzyme activity. In addition, HEG induced cell death in all evaluated gram-positive bacteria, gram-negative bacteria, and yeasts, including clinical isolates with antimicrobial drug resistance. Collectively, these results demonstrate the potential of M. q. anthidioides geopropolis for the prevention and treatment of various diseases related to oxidative stress, mutagenesis, inflammatory processes, and microbial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cintia Miranda dos Santos
- Research Group on Biotechnology and Bioprospecting Applied to Metabolism (GEBBAM), Federal University of Grande Dourados, Rodovia Dourados Itahum, Km 12, 79804-970 Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Ferreira Campos
- Research Group on Biotechnology and Bioprospecting Applied to Metabolism (GEBBAM), Federal University of Grande Dourados, Rodovia Dourados Itahum, Km 12, 79804-970 Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - Helder Freitas dos Santos
- Research Group on Biotechnology and Bioprospecting Applied to Metabolism (GEBBAM), Federal University of Grande Dourados, Rodovia Dourados Itahum, Km 12, 79804-970 Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - José Benedito Perrella Balestieri
- Research Group on Biotechnology and Bioprospecting Applied to Metabolism (GEBBAM), Federal University of Grande Dourados, Rodovia Dourados Itahum, Km 12, 79804-970 Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - Denise Brentan Silva
- Laboratory of Natural Products and Mass Spectrometry, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Cidade Universitária, 79070-900 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Kely de Picoli Souza
- Research Group on Biotechnology and Bioprospecting Applied to Metabolism (GEBBAM), Federal University of Grande Dourados, Rodovia Dourados Itahum, Km 12, 79804-970 Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - Carlos Alexandre Carollo
- Laboratory of Natural Products and Mass Spectrometry, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Cidade Universitária, 79070-900 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Leticia M. Estevinho
- Agricultural College of Bragança, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Campus Santa Apolónia, 5301-855 Bragança, Portugal
- Molecular and Environmental Biology Centre (CBMA), Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710 057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Edson Lucas dos Santos
- Research Group on Biotechnology and Bioprospecting Applied to Metabolism (GEBBAM), Federal University of Grande Dourados, Rodovia Dourados Itahum, Km 12, 79804-970 Dourados, MS, Brazil
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de Oliveira MR, Brasil FB, Andrade CMB. Naringenin Attenuates H 2O 2-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction by an Nrf2-Dependent Mechanism in SH-SY5Y Cells. Neurochem Res 2017; 42:3341-3350. [PMID: 28786049 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-017-2376-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are the major site of ATP production in mammalian cells. Furthermore, these organelles are a source and a target of reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as radical anion superoxide (O2-·) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is the master regulator of the mammalian redox biology and controls the expression of antioxidant and phase II detoxifying enzymes in several cell types. Naringenin (NGN, 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one), a flavanone, exhibits cytoprotective effects by acting as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent. NGN is a potent activator of Nrf2. Nonetheless, it was not examine yet whether NGN would induce mitochondrial protection in cells under redox stress. Therefore, we investigate here whether Nrf2 would be involved in the mitochondrial protection elicited by NGN in SH-SY5Y cells exposed to H2O2. We observed that a pretreatment with NGN at 80 µM for 2 h reduced the levels of lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation, and protein nitration in the membranes of mitochondria obtained from H2O2-treated SH-SY5Y cells. Additionally, NGN prevented the H2O2-induced impairment in the function of the enzymes aconitase, α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, and succinate dehydrogenase. The activites of the complexes I and V, as well as the production of ATP, were restored by NGN. NGN also suppressed the H2O2-induced mitochondria-related apoptosis. Interestingly, NGN promoted an increase in the levels of both total and mitochondrial glutathione (GSH). Silencing of Nrf2 abolished the protective effects induced by NGN. Overall, NGN induced mitochondrial protection by an Nrf2-dependent mechanism in H2O2-treated SH-SY5Y cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Roberto de Oliveira
- Department of Chemistry/ICET, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa, 2367, Cuiaba, MT,, CEP 78060-900, Brazil.
| | | | - Cláudia Marlise Balbinotti Andrade
- Department of Chemistry/ICET, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa, 2367, Cuiaba, MT,, CEP 78060-900, Brazil
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de Oliveira MR, de Bittencourt Brasil F, Fürstenau CR. Sulforaphane Promotes Mitochondrial Protection in SH-SY5Y Cells Exposed to Hydrogen Peroxide by an Nrf2-Dependent Mechanism. Mol Neurobiol 2017; 55:4777-4787. [PMID: 28730528 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-017-0684-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Sulforaphane (SFN; C6H11NOS2) is an isothiocyanate found in cruciferous vegetables, such as broccoli, kale, and radish. SFN exhibits antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, anti-tumor, and anti-inflammatory activities in different cell types. However, it was not previously demonstrated whether and how this natural compound would exert mitochondrial protection experimentally. Therefore, we investigated here the effects of a pretreatment (for 30 min) with SFN at 5 μM on mitochondria obtained from human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells exposed to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) at 300 μM for 24 h. We found that SFN prevented loss of viability in H2O2-treated SH-SY5Y cells. Furthermore, SFN decreased lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation, and protein nitration in mitochondrial membranes of H2O2-exposed cells. Importantly, SFN enhanced the levels of both cellular and mitochondrial glutathione (GSH). SFN also suppressed the H2O2-mediated inhibition of mitochondrial components involved in the maintenance of the bioenergetics state, such as aconitase, α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, and succinate dehydrogenase, as well as complexes I and V. Consequently, SFN prevented the decline induced by H2O2 on the levels of ATP in SH-SY5Y cells. Silencing of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) transcription factor by using small interfering RNA (siRNA) abolished the mitochondrial and cellular protection elicited by SFN. Therefore, SFN abrogated the H2O2-induced mitochondrial impairment by an Nrf2-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Roberto de Oliveira
- Departamento de Química/ICET, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa, 2367, CEP 78060-900, Cuiaba, MT, Brazil.
| | | | - Cristina Ribas Fürstenau
- Instituto de Genética e Bioquímica (INGEB), Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU), Patos de Minas, MG, Brazil
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Maresin 1 Ameliorates Lung Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Suppressing Oxidative Stress via Activation of the Nrf-2-Mediated HO-1 Signaling Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:9634803. [PMID: 28751936 PMCID: PMC5511669 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9634803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Lung ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury occurs in various clinical conditions and heavily damaged lung function. Oxidative stress reaction and antioxidant enzymes play a pivotal role in the etiopathogenesis of lung I/R injury. In the current study, we investigated the impact of Maresin 1 on lung I/R injury and explored the possible mechanism involved in this process. MaR 1 ameliorated I/R-induced lung injury score, wet/dry weight ratio, myeloperoxidase, tumor necrosis factor, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) leukocyte count, BALF neutrophil ratio, and pulmonary permeability index levels in lung tissue. MaR 1 significantly reduced ROS, methane dicarboxylic aldehyde, and 15-F2t-isoprostane generation and restored antioxidative enzyme (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase) activities. Administration of MaR 1 improved the expression of nuclear Nrf-2 and cytosolic HO-1 in I/R-treated lung tissue. Furthermore, we also found that the protective effects of MaR 1 on lung tissue injury and oxidative stress were reversed by HO-1 activity inhibitor, Znpp-IX. Nrf-2 transcription factor inhibitor, brusatol, significantly decreased MaR 1-induced nuclear Nrf-2 and cytosolic HO-1 expression. In conclusion, these results indicate that MaR 1 protects against lung I/R injury through suppressing oxidative stress. The mechanism is partially explained by activation of the Nrf-2-mediated HO-1 signaling pathway.
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